EA018499B1 - Disk tilling device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to agricultural mechanical engineering, in particular, to working devices for tillage and milling of soil, removing weeds and can be used for the main and presowing soil processing when crops cultivation and soil preparation for planting of saplings of trees. The essence of the invention: the disk tilling device includes the stand established on the frame with possibility of turn and carried out in the form of the top and bottom parts, and cutting disk fixed on it. At least, one elastic element is included in the structure of, at least, one of parts of the stand, at the same time parts of the stand are connected by means of a rotary axis and, at least, one destroyed holder. The technical result consists in increase in the reliability of the construction of the disk tilling device.

Description

(57) The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to working bodies for loosening and crushing the soil, combing weeds, and can be used for primary and pre-sowing tillages when growing crops and preparing the soil for planting tree seedlings. The inventive disk tillage body includes a rack mounted on the frame with the possibility of rotation, made in the form of upper and lower parts, and a cutting disk mounted on it. At least one of the parts of the rack includes at least one elastic element, while the parts of the rack are interconnected by means of a rotary axis and at least one destructible latch. The technical result consists in increasing the reliability of the design of the disk tillage organ.

018499 Β1

018499 B1

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to working bodies for loosening and crushing the soil, combing weeds, and can be used for primary and pre-sowing tillages when growing crops and preparing the soil for planting tree seedlings.

Known tillage body (EK 2845560, IPC AB 01/08, publ. 2004.04.16), the rack of which is made in the form of a helical spring connected to the frame and the working body in the form of a disk, each spring containing from 1.5 to 5 turns, which are located side by side so that they form a series of turns along a line transverse to the chassis.

The disadvantage of this technical solution is the low reliability of the rack at significant shock loads, i.e. with more than five times the load on the helical spring, the latter is destroyed.

Known disk working body as part of a combined tillage unit (Ki 72112 υΐ, IPC АВВ 21/08, publ. 2008.04.10), the strut of which is rigidly fixed in the bracket of the frame with the help of axes and safety destructive elements, made mainly in the form of shear bolts.

The disadvantage of this technical solution is that the racks on the frame are rigidly installed, and this affects the tillage properties of this device.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed invention are cutting discs as part of a tillage unit (Ki 82507 W, IPC АВВ 21/08, publ. 2009.05.10), mounted on a common frame on rotary racks, while the cutting disks are mounted on racks using brackets for the blade bearing housing. Each cutting disk mounted on a rotary stand is equipped with a mechanism for changing the angle of inclination of the cutting disk to the vertical, made in the form of an additional axis of rotation mounted at the bottom of the rotary stand and using a locking mechanism linking the rotary stand and the bracket of the blade bearing housing. The locking mechanism of the rotary rack with the bracket of the bearing of the cutting disc is made in the form of at least one lock and a series of holes made in the rotary rack and bracket of the bearing housing into which the lock is mounted.

The disadvantage of this technical solution is that the design is not protected from damage when meeting with obstacles, such as stones.

The problem solved by this invention is to increase the reliability of the design of the disk tillage organ.

The problem is solved in that in the disk tillage body, including a stand mounted on the frame with the possibility of rotation, with a cutting disc mounted on it, according to the invention, the stand is made in the form of upper and lower parts, at least one of which includes at least one an elastic element, while the parts of the rack are interconnected by means of a rotary axis and at least one destructible retainer.

The invention is illustrated by the following drawings.

In FIG. 1 shows a side view of a disk tillage organ in a static position with a screw-like elastic element mounted in the lower part of the rack; in FIG. 2 is a section AA in FIG. one; in FIG. 3 is a side view of a disk tillage organ in a static position with a C-shaped elastic element mounted in the upper part of the rack; in FIG. 4 is a side view of a disk tillage organ in a static position with a C-shaped and helical elastic elements mounted in the upper and lower parts of the rack, respectively; in FIG. 5 is a side view of a disk tillage organ in a static position with an elastic element made in the form of an auto-vibrator installed in the lower part of the rack; in FIG. 6 is a side view of a disk tillage body with a screw-like elastic element installed in the lower part of the rack and made with a coil located in front of the column in the direction of movement of the unit, after meeting with an obstacle; in FIG. 7 is a side view of a disk tillage organ with a screw-like elastic element installed in the lower part of the rack and made with a coil located after the column in the direction of movement of the unit, after meeting with an obstacle.

The disk tillage organ (Fig. 1, 3-7) consists of a composite rack 1, the upper part 2 of which is rotatably mounted in a sleeve 3, rigidly fixed inside the beam of the frame 4. At the lower end of the upper part 2 of the rack 1 there is one hole for the axis 5 and the second hole for the latch 6 destroyed at significant loads. The upper end of the lower part 7 of the rack 1 is provided with cheeks 8, in which holes for the axis 5 and the latch 6 are also made. Coaxially mounted holes of the upper 2 and lower 7 parts of the rack 1 are connected by the axis 5 and destructible latch 6, and in the holes for the latch 6 in the upper 2 and lower 7 parts of the rack 1 are heat-treated bushings 9 (Fig. 6, 7) made of high-quality steel. Sleeves made of high-quality heat-treated steels can also be installed in holes under the axis 5. At the base of 10 cheeks 8, for example, at least one screw-like elastic element 11 with at least one turn is fastened with threaded joints (Figs. 1, 2, 4, 6, 7). The lower part of the screw-like elastic element 11 by means of threaded connections 12 is attached to the brackets 13 of the hub 14 of the cutting disc 15.

- 1 018499

To prevent spontaneous displacement in the direction that is the same or different from the direction of movement of the unit with the tillage working body, the screw-shaped elastic element 11, except for threaded connections, is fixed relative to the upper 2 or lower 7 parts of the rack 1 using at least one clamp (not shown in the drawing )

Depending on the design, the diameter of the turns of the screw-like elastic element 11 can be performed within 0.025-1.0 m, for example, when growing seedlings in greenhouses and greenhouses, the diameter of the turns of the screw-like elastic element 11 is performed within 0.025-0.05 m, when cultivating the soil for planting The diameter of the turn, depending on the age of the seedlings, is 0.5-0.95 m. The thickness b of the elastic element 11, depending on the diameter b of the turn, can be made within 0.0025-0.34 m. The radii K and Κι, respectively before and after the turn are performed in the range of 0 to 1 m. In this case, during the growth of seedlings and field crops radius R decreases during use in preparing the soil for seedlings of trees technology the radius R may increase. The radius Κι in order to increase the reliability of operation of the screw-like elastic element 11 is, as a rule, equal to or larger than the size of the b / 2 turn. The length of the section b (direct, arcuate or other form) of the elastic element 11 for attaching to the hub 14 of the disk 15 is not less than 1.06 of the center distance between the fastening elements 12. The distance from the axis of the upper part 2 of the rotary strut 1 to the axis of the coil of the screw-like elastic element 11 performed within the range of 0.07-1.6 m, depending on the technological purpose of the device.

The elastic element 11 can be made in the form of a C-shaped rack and can be installed in the upper part 2 of the rotary column 1 (Fig. 3) or the lower part 7 (not shown). In this case, the Shaped elastic element is fastened with threaded connections to the bracket 16 (or otherwise to the upper part 2 of the rack 1), which provides for the adjustment of the angle of attack of the cutting disk 15, and the lower part of the elastic C-shaped element 11 contains holes for the axis 5 and the retainer 6 (not shown in Fig.), which are coaxial with the similar openings of the cheeks 8. Thus, the upper 2 and lower 7 parts of the rack 1 are connected.

The elastic elements 11 can be installed in the lower 7 and in the upper 2 parts of the rack 1 at the same time (Fig. 4).

The elastic element 11 can also be made in the form of an auto-vibrator with at least one spring plate (Fig. 5) installed in the lower 7 or upper 2 parts of the rack 1.

Disk tillage organ, as part of the tillage unit, operates as follows.

Due to the created sharp shock load on the tillage cutting disc 15 when it rotates in the soil and encounters an obstacle, such as a stone, the impact of the shock load on the rack 1 is mitigated by the elastic properties of at least one elastic element 11, and the cutting disc 15 is deflected side opposite to the direction of its translational movement. When creating a force on the disk 15, exceeding the ultimate shear force (or other ultimate breaking load) of the retainer 6, the latter is cut or destroyed in another way (for example, it breaks), preventing breakage of the rack 1 (Fig. 6, 7).

Thus, the use of the invention improves the reliability of the design of the disk tillage organ by eliminating the undesirable critical impact of the shock load on the upper 2 and lower 7 parts of the rack 1 of the device.

Claims (1)

CLAIM A disk tillage organ comprising a stand mounted on the frame with the possibility of rotation and a cutting disk mounted at the lower end of the stand on the hub, characterized in that the stand is made in the form of upper and lower parts, at least one of which is made at least partially at least one elastic element, while the upper and lower parts of the rack are interconnected by means of a rotary axis and at least one destructible retainer, and a cutting disk with a hub is mounted on the lower part with toyki.