EA016751B1 - Dissectible anti-rotary dental implant - Google Patents

Abstract

The dissectible anti-rotary dental implant is offered as an invention and relates to medicine, in particular, to stomatology and for use in dental prosthetics. The dissectible anti-rotary dental implant comprises an intraosseous dental implant (implant) and replacement (abutment) parts, held together by clamping screw and fixed to each other by conic locking element, which consists of an inner cone in the implant and outer cone of the abutment neck. In the middle of the conic locking element in a radial section the splined connection is performed as an internal slot on the inner cone of the implant and the external slot on the neck of the conical abutment. At least two grooves are made along the axis on the outer thread of intraosseous part of the implant.

Description

A known type of antirotational connection of the intraosseous implant, which is a support pin for fixing an artificial tooth or denture to the jawbone of a patient [1]. The pin has many cutting edges located on the periphery of the upper part of the pin. The cutting edges have a rectangular cutting surface perpendicular to the direction of rotation of the pin inserted into the jawbone of the patient, and bone fragments are cut from the jawbone of the patient, which helps to deepen the upper part of the pin in the jawbone. The cutting edges also direct these bone fragments to the strategic locations of the pin, promoting bone growth around the support pin, which prevents the pin from being removed and released from the jawbone of the patient.

Known antirotational connection of the intraosseous implant and the replaceable part (abutment), in which the cavity in the implant for the denture has an annular recess, above and below which cavities of smaller diameter are made [2]. The cavity above the recess has longitudinal grooves for inserting the ridge of the shaft of the denture with its subsequent rotation. The external upper part of the implant is polyhedron-shaped. The denture protrudes above the ridge of the shaft with the multifaceted part for inserting the multifaceted annular sleeve for mutual fixation of the denture in the implant.

The disadvantage of these solutions is the lack of reliability of the connection.

The prototype of the invention is a detachable antirotational dental implant, consisting of an implant body, which has a conical end part with a longitudinally milled groove and a cylindrical central part, on which there is a thread running from bottom to top to that part of the implant, which is a truncated inverse cone [3]. In the indicated part of the implant there is a cavity in the form of a truncated inverse cone; the taper of the cavity and the outer walls of the implant part (1c) coincide; the cavity of the implant has a blind threaded hole that projects from the bottom (base) of the cavity and has a smaller diameter than the diameter of the bottom of the cavity; the side walls of the cavity have many ribs with a triangular profile that define the triangular profile of the slots and whose free edges lie in parallel planes, which allows you to install suprastructures having a similar cone with ribs and slots. The suprastructure in this case consists of two opposite truncated cones, the difference in the diameters of the bases creates an annular shoulder. Two holes with different diameters for a screw were drilled in the superstructure. The conical part with ribs and slots has an asterisk profile with rounded edges. The cylindrical central part of the implant has a trapezoidal thread. The implant tapers away from the head and has a longitudinally milled groove on the end cone.

The solution of the prototype has a lack of tightness of the connection. Thin walls of the implant can cause stresses, ruptures, which can lead to destruction of the structure along the axis during orthopedic manipulations.

All these mentioned disadvantages are eliminated by the proposed as an invention detachable antirotational dental implant containing intraosseous (implant) and replaceable (abutment) parts, fastened with a clamping screw and fixed with a conical locking element, consisting of an inner cone in the implant and an outer cone of the abutment neck and containing spline connection. In this case, the spline connection contains at least 12 internal and external slots and is made in radial section on the middle part of the conical locking element in the form of a cylindrical splined band on the outer cone of the locking element and slots made along the cylinder on the inner cone, each slot having a prismatic profile. Slots of a detachable antirotational dental implant have an angle of at least 60 ° in the radial section, and the angle of the conical surface of the joint is equal to or greater than 7 ° 30 '.

The design of the proposed detachable antirotational dental implant is shown in the drawing.

A detachable antirotational dental implant contains an intraosseous part (implant) 1 and a replaceable part (abutment) 2, which can be a straight 2a and an inclined 2b, clamped by a fixing screw 3.

The locking element is formed by the conical surfaces of the upper inner part 4 of the implant 1 and the neck 5 of the abutment 2 or of the intermediate elements - plugs 6, the shaper of the gingival cuff 7.

External slots 8 are made on the middle part of the neck cone 5 of the abutment 2, and internal slots 9 are made on the middle part of the cone of the upper inner part 4 of the implant 1.

The necks 5 of the temporarily installed elements 6 and 7 can be made without spline connection.

On the external thread of the implant 1 grooves 10 are made.

In the proposed design of a detachable antirotational dental implant, the conical surface of the locking element precisely at 7 ° 30 'excludes the effect of cold welding, jamming of the abutment and the impossibility of further orthopedic intervention. The upper and lower cones provide a clearance-free connection. Under axial loads, the conical surfaces are compacted,

- 1 016751 forming a telescopic elastic conjugation that clamps the fixing screw, thus, a monolithic connection is obtained, equal in radial section to the diameter of the implant.

The grooves on the external thread of the implant allow the blood clot to rise to the kartikal plate of the crest, quickly form a capillary network of blood vessels and accelerate the growth of new bone tissue. The presence on the implant of these grooves eliminates the rotation of the implant during orthopedic operations.

In the proposed design, the spline connection has an angle of 60 ° in the radial section. Thus, it is possible to obtain at least 12 slots with trihedral firmware, avoiding deformation of the thin walls of the implant. The outer surface of the slots of such a profile lends itself to simple knurling with a roller, which significantly reduces production costs. Thus, the claimed as an invention detachable antirotational dental implant can be manufactured not only individually, but also in mass production.

The proposed design has another advantage: the tight fit of the implant on the holder or the implant key allows you to place it in the flask for sterilization on the principle of a disposable syringe with a plug on the opposite side. Sterilization by gamma radiation of the entire batch significantly reduces costs, since the implant is not required to be sterilized before installation. In addition, this sterilization complies with the European standard Ι8Θ-9001.

After installing the implant in the bone bed without touching the surgeon’s hands, it remains only to wrap the cap and sew the seam. This eliminates the costly hours of sterilization in surgical rooms.

Proposed as an invention antirotational detachable implant allows the following:

provide high strength joints inside the bone and replaceable parts of the implant;

to exclude penetration of tissue fluid and soft tissues into the interior of the implant; to increase the durability and lifelong stability of the implant;

exclude the possibility of self-inversion of the replaceable part of the implant from the intraosseous; reduce the time of operation, creating a gentle mode;

significantly reduce the complexity of the manufacturing process.

Information sources.

1. I8 5338197 A.

2. I8 6663389 B1.

3. EP 1702581 A1.

Claims (3)

CLAIM 1. Detachable antirotational dental implant containing intraosseous (implant) and interchangeable (abutment) parts held together by a clamping screw and fixed between each other by a conical locking element consisting of an internal cone in the implant and an external cone of the abutment neck and containing a spline connection, characterized in that the spline joint contains at least 12 inner and outer spline and is made in the radial section on the middle part of the conical locking element in the form of a spline collar cylindrical Coy forms on the outer cone of the locking element and the splines formed on the cylinder inner cone, wherein each slot has a prismatic profile. 2. A detachable antirotational dental implant according to claim 1, characterized in that the slots have an angle of at least 60 ° in the radial section. 3. Detachable antirotational dental implant according to claim 1, characterized in that the angle of the conical surface of the joint is equal to or greater than 7 ° 30 '.