EA015490B1 - Teat cup - Google Patents

Abstract

The proposed invention relates to agricultural engineering, in particular, to milking equipment for milking cows, goats etc. A teat cup comprises a durable sleeve with an elastic teat rubber with a arranged therein and comprising a cupule and a milk-discharging hose characterized in that at 2/3 height of the nipple rubber top a changeable, one-time, tubular, hygienic, elastic, moisture/odor absorbing, disinfecting tip is arranged imitating tong receptors of a calf and adapted to absorb fat and sweat excreted at the teat surface during milking and wrapping at the cupule retaining thereon.

Description

The present invention relates to agricultural machinery, namely to milking equipment for milking cows, goats, sheep and other animals.

Known milking machines with milking cups [Training book milkmaids ed. I.A. Danilenko / Comp. E.N. Admin, V.A. Volosozhor, G.L. Comb: M .: Ear. 1971], including, each of them, a sleeve with a nipple rubber located in it, a connecting ring that provides articulation of the nipple rubber with a sight glass, an o-ring and a milk outlet hose, as well as a vacuum hose.

The disadvantage of this device is that the teatcup consists of 6 constituent structural elements that impede their maintenance, and in each joint of the elements a zone of increased mechanical and microbial contamination is created. In addition, when removing milking cups from the nipples of the udder of one cow and putting them on the nipples of another, infection can be transferred from one cow to the second, as well as contamination from sick animals of all the milk yield. After milking one cow, the teatcups are removed from the nipples of the udder and the milk is drained into a spare bucket or flask, after which the milkmaid again puts the used teatcups on the teats of another cow. The microbial and mechanical contamination of milk, which occurs at the same time, reduces its bactericidal storage period and eliminates its natural use in food, requiring additional costs for thermal, electrical or other processing in special workshops, enterprises (dairy, dairies, dairy kitchens, etc. ) In addition, during milking, the nipple rubber changes the coefficient of friction when interacting with the nipple from high, at the beginning of milking the cow, when the nipple and rubber are dry, to a lower one at the end of milking, when the nipple and rubber become wet. That is why the teatcup easily glides over the nipple, crawls onto the mammary gland, stops normal blood circulation, becomes covered with sweat, grease and dirt, irritates the nipples and the mammary gland, creates uncomfortable milk flow conditions, painful sensations and irritations of existing scratches on the surface of the nipple, etc.

Milking cups closest to essential features are known [Kartashov L.P., Chugunov A.I. and others. Mechanization, electrification and automation of livestock. M .: Kolos, 1997. 368 S.], containing a sleeve and nipple rubber, made in conjunction with a milk outlet pipe, which reduce the number of zones of microbial contamination by three times, which accordingly increases the quality of milk and reduces the labor costs of their maintenance.

The disadvantage of the prototype is that during milking, the udder loses its original elasticity (Fig. 1a) and the nipple rubber, crawls onto the nipples (Fig. 1b) and in the upper part it squeezes the most sensitive, painful nerve endings in the udder, causing bruising on the udder , injures the nipples, forms cracks, redness on them, and also after milking one cow, the teatcups are removed from the nipples of the udder and the milk is drained from the milking bucket into a spare bucket or flask, then the milking cups are put on the teats again her cow, and the inevitable transfer of infections of the udder disease, contamination of milk from sick animals healthy. At the same time, milk from different cows is poured into tanks, and then they are cleaned, cooled, pumped to tankers, sent to a dairy, where it undergoes measuring, cleaning, pasteurization, normalization, packaging and other operations before reaching the consumer. As a result of all these operations related to transfusion of milk, contact with air, technological equipment, it loses its biological values and in 10% of the population is not accepted in kind by the body of a healthy person, as well as sick people and children.

In order to eliminate the aforementioned shortcomings and to produce natural drinking milk without thermal, electric or other treatments that worsen its biological value, as well as transferring the infection from sick cows to healthy ones, it is proposed to place replaceable, single, tubular, 2/3 of the top of the nipple rubber, hygienic, elastic, moisture-absorbing, disinfecting nozzles with a constant coefficient of friction throughout the entire milking process with a tuberous surface that mimics calf tongue receptors with water the possibility of introducing it before each milking of a new cow inside the nipple rubber and on its upper suction cup, with the possibility of pressing it against the nipple with a rough surface and holding it on the suction cup with minimal movement along the nipple by squeezing the suction cup, which has the ability to absorb fat and sweat, and, in addition, the nozzles are saturated with disinfectants that have a preventive effect on the nipples and do not negatively affect the quality of the milk.

An object of the invention is the production of whole natural milk with maximum preservation of its biological properties, animal health and reduce the cost of milk production.

- 1 015490

The task is achieved (Fig. 1-3) in a milking cup containing a durable sleeve with an elastic nipple rubber located in it with a suction cup and a milk outlet, where, according to the invention, a replaceable, one-time, tubular, is placed in 2/3 of the top of the nipple rubber, hygienic, elastic, disinfecting, moisture-absorbing nozzles with a tuberous surface that imitates receptors of the calf’s tongue, which has the ability to absorb fat and sweat released on the surface of the nipple during milking and wrap around the suction cup and hold on it.

The originality of the invention lies in the fact that in 2/3 of the top of the nipple rubber there is a replaceable, one-time, tubular, hygienic, elastic, moisture-absorbing nozzle with a tuberous surface that simulates calf tongue receptors, which has the ability to absorb fat and sweat and wrap around on the suction cup, holding onto it.

List of figures

In FIG. 1 shows a diagram of a cow’s mammary gland: a - before milking; b - after milking.

In FIG. 2 presents the hygienic nozzles: 1 - nozzles in expanded form; 2 - box with a set of hygienic nozzles.

In FIG. 3 is a diagram of a hygienic nozzle prepared for operation: 1 - a hygienic nozzle; 3 - nipple rubber; 4 - the sleeve of the milking glass; 5 - suction cup of the nipple rubber.

The work of the milking glass.

From the box 2 (Fig. 2) take the hygienic nozzles 1 and vertically inserted into the nipple rubber 3 (Fig. 3) to 2/3 of its length. The protruding part of the hygiene nozzle is stretched from the hole and wrapped on the suction cup part 5 of the nipple rubber. Four milking cups 4 (not shown in Fig.) Are collected in hands and put on the nipples (Fig. 1a) of the elastic mammary gland according to the accepted sequence. After milking is completed, the vacuum is turned off and the teatcups are removed from the nipples of the sagging udder (Fig. 1b), the hygienic nozzles 1 are rolled from the suction cup to the center of the hole and the remaining part is taken out of the nipple rubber 3. Waste nozzles can be dumped into the dung canal or in case of an unsuccessful herd dispose of.

Technical and economic evaluation of the invention.

As a result of the implementation of the invention, the disease of the mammary gland and nipples in animals will be reduced, culling of cows will be reduced by 20-25%, while the quality of milk will increase and the costs of its primary processing will be reduced by 10-20%, which will make milk production competitive and livestock farms profitable .

Claims (1)

CLAIM A teat cup containing a body in the form of a durable sleeve with an elastic nipple tube made of rubber with a suction cup on top and a milk tap at the bottom, characterized in that a disposable, hygienic, disinfecting, moisture-absorbing nozzle in the form of an elastic tubular portion with a tuberculate inner is placed inside the nipple tube calf tongue receptor imitation surface, which has the ability to absorb fat and perspiration released on the nipple surface while milking, while the upper part of the nozzle is wrapped and the suction part is kept on it, and the nozzles occupy 2/3 of the length from the top of the nipple tube. The mammary gland (udder) of a cow: a - before milking; b - after milking