EA014998B1 - One-piece garment for neuro-orthopedic rehabilitation - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to medicine, namely one-piece garment for rehabilitation of neurological patients with motor disturbances. Attached to the one-piece garment, are two elastic tubular bladders, one bladder extending along the left leg, left back-piece and left sleeve, and the other bladder extending along the right leg, right back-piece and right sleeve. The one-piece garment further comprises means for controllably pinching the bladders at the position corresponding to the location of knee joints and elbow joints. Technical effect: The stressing over the knee joints or elbow joints can be adjusted, so that these joints remain stabilized.

Description

The present invention relates to medicine, namely to overalls for the rehabilitation of neurological patients with motor impairments, in particular patients and persons with disabilities with cerebral palsy, stroke, spinal cord and spinal cord injuries, traumatic brain injury, osteochondrosis, diseases of the musculoskeletal system, scoliosis , with violations of posture, multiple sclerosis and other diseases requiring the restoration of cognitive and motor functions.

Known jumpsuit for medical conductive rehabilitation of neurological patients with motor disorders (RF patent No. 2201177, Fig. 1). Two tubular-shaped elastic chambers are installed on this jumpsuit, one of which runs along the left leg, along the left side of the back and along the left sleeve, and the other runs along the right leg, along the right side of the back and along the right sleeve. When the chambers are filled with air, they squeeze the muscles and joints of the patient on whom the suit is worn, and have an approximating effect on it. At the same time, the fabric of the suit is stretched, so that the approximating effect is created outside the location of the cameras. However, in the area of the joints of the limbs, the pressure exerted by the cameras significantly reduces the mobility of these joints.

Known jumpsuit for neuro-orthopedic rehabilitation (RF patent No. 2266082), on which there are two elastic tube-shaped chambers, one of which runs along the left leg, along the left side of the back and along the left sleeve, and the other runs along the right leg, along the right side of the back and along the right sleeve. The diameter of the chambers in the area corresponding to the area of the knee joints is increased at least one and a half times. According to the author, an increase in the diameter of the chambers in the area corresponding to the area of the knee joints stabilizes the joint and helps the patient in maintaining the vertical position of the body. However, this solution reduces the mobility of these joints and leads to the need to exert more effort when walking, as a result of which some patients for whom this effort is too great cannot use jumpsuits. The mobility of the elbow joint, although to a lesser extent, is also reduced.

This disadvantage is overcome in overalls, described as an option in the above patent of the Russian Federation No. 2201177 (Fig. 2). The cameras passing along the sleeves and / or legs are made of two interconnected parts, one of which is located in front of the elbow (knee) joint, and the other behind it. This design of overalls provides freedom of movement in the knee and / or elbow joints, however, when it is used, the joints are practically not affected by the load. Thus, stabilization of the knee and elbow joints is significantly reduced.

The objective of the invention is to create overalls for neuro-orthopedic rehabilitation, in which it is possible to optimize the load exerted by the device on the knee and / or elbow joints while maintaining the stabilization function of these joints.

This problem is solved due to the fact that the jumpsuit for neuro-orthopedic rehabilitation, on which two elastic tubular-shaped chambers are installed, one of which runs along the left leg, along the left side of the back and along the left sleeve, is additionally equipped with means of adjustable compression of the chambers in the area corresponding to the position of the knee and / or elbow joints.

Adjustable compression of the chambers on the site of the knee and / or elbow joints allows you to optimize the load on the elbow and / or knee joints of a particular patient, on the one hand, making it easier to perform movements in the knee and / or elbow joints, and on the other hand, ensuring stabilization of these joints.

Means of adjustable compression of the chambers can be made in the form of a strap with a buckle, covering the camera with the possibility of its tightening around this camera. This embodiment of the means of controlled compression of the chambers allows you to quickly and efficiently adapt the overall for the needs of a particular patient and, therefore, expand the range of applications of the proposed overall. It is also possible to implement means for controlled compression of the chambers using a cord or tape provided with or provided with a clip for fixing the ends of the cord or tape.

The overalls may additionally contain a pneumatic collar, at least partially covering the neck, attached to the overalls with the possibility of removal and made with the possibility of adjusting its height and diameter of coverage. The free ends of the collar are made with the possibility of mutual fixation for a more snug fit to the neck. The collar is attached to the jumpsuit in such a way as to ensure quick and convenient attachment and removal of the collar from the jumpsuit as an option with Velcro fasteners, buttons, rivets, etc. funds.

Each camera can be placed in a case.

Each cover can be attached to the jumpsuit by means of jumpers, each of which covers the cover and has ends attached to the jumpsuit.

Each cover can also be attached to the jumpsuit by means of jumper ribbons covering the cover and having ends that are crossed in the section between the cover and the jumpsuit and attached to it. The intersection of the ribbon jumpers allows you to more tighten the overall when pumping gas into the chambers due to their stretching.

On each of the covers and on the overalls, rows of holes can be made that are compatible

- 1 014998 and through which a tape is passed connecting the cover with the jumpsuit.

Each cover can be attached to the jumpsuit by at least partially attaching the cover to the jumpsuit.

A zipper can be sewn into each camera case to make it easy to replace a damaged camera.

The overalls may have a rear part and a front part formed by a central plank and side parts located on two sides of the central plank, and a series of detachable fasteners located from the neckline to the bottom line of the trousers and connecting the central plank with the side parts.

The fastener may be a Velcro fastener.

In addition, the fastener may contain a tape, one end of which is attached to the side part and is provided with one part of the Velcro fastener, and the other end is passed through a half ring (square frame) attached to the central strip, and provided with a mating part of the Velcro fastener. To ensure non-rigid contraction of the body, especially in the chest, the tape may be elastic. This will ensure a tight fit for the suit, but freedom of excursion of the chest during breathing.

The fastener may also include a tape, one end of which is attached to the side part, and the other end is fixed by two half rings or a buckle attached to the central strip.

The problem was also solved due to the fact that the jumpsuit for neuro-orthopedic rehabilitation, on which two elastic tube-shaped chambers are installed, one of which is made of two parts and runs along the left leg, along the left side of the back and along the left sleeve, and the other is made of two parts and runs along the right leg, along the right side of the back and along the right sleeve, additionally contains means for adjustable compression of the chambers in the area corresponding to the position of the knee and / or elbow joints, parts of each of the chambers are isolated from each other, and each of the parts is equipped with means for connecting to the pump.

One part of the chamber can extend to the level of the hip joints, and the other part of the chamber from this level. In another embodiment, one part of the camera can extend to the level of the shoulder girdle, and the other part of the camera from this level. Thanks to this embodiment of the chambers, it is possible to adjust the pressure in the chamber separately for each limb.

The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings, in which FIG. 1 depicts a front view of the proposed jumpsuit for neuro-orthopedic rehabilitation;

FIG. 2 is a rear view of the overalls shown in FIG. one;

FIG. 3 schematically depicts a case with installed means for adjustable compression of chambers;

FIG. 4-6 - in the future, options for connecting parts of overalls;

FIG. 7 - means of controlled compression of the chambers in the area corresponding to the position of the knee and / or elbow joints;

FIG. 8-12 schematically depict options for attaching camera cases to overalls.

The proposed jumpsuit 1 for neuro-orthopedic rehabilitation contains interconnected front part 2 (Fig. 1) and rear part 3 (Fig. 2).

The front part 2 is formed by a central bar 4 extending from the neckline 5 and extending to the bottom line of the trousers 6 of each of the legs. The lateral parts 7 can be detached from the sides to the plank 4. The fastening is carried out using a series of fasteners 8, evenly spaced along the entire length of the plank 4. As shown in FIG. 3, the fastener 8 can be made in the form of a Velcro fastener, one part 9 of which is stitched to the front side of the strap 4, and the mating part 10 (shown by a dotted line) of the fastener 8 is stitched to the wrong side of the part 7. When connecting parts 9 and 10 of the fastener 8 to each other the other fixes the parts 7 relative to the strap 4 and the initial adjustment of the jumpsuit over the patient’s body.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 4, the fastener 8 can be made of tape 12 (woven or rubber), one end 13 of which is attached to the part 7 and is equipped with one part 14 of the Velcro fastener, and the other end 15 is passed through the half ring 16, which is attached to the strap 4, and provided with a reciprocal part 17 Velcro fasteners.

Other embodiments of fasteners 8 are also possible. For example, two rings 18 can perform the function of fixing the tape 12 (Fig. 5). Both rings 18 are internally enclosed by a piece of tape 51, the ends of which are folded together and stitched to the bar 4. One end 13 of the tape 12 is attached to the part 7, and the other end 15 covers both rings 18 from the inside, and then passed between the rings 18 in the opposite direction. When tightening the tape 12 it is fixed in the rings 18 due to friction. In addition, a buckle 19 can be used (Fig. 6), in which the tape 12 is also fixed due to friction forces.

Similar fasteners 20 and 21 can be used to connect the sleeve 11 along the inner side seam and fasten it to parts 2 and 3 of overalls 1.

- 2 014998

Thus, each of the fasteners 8 (Fig. 3-6) is made with the possibility of adjusting the relative position of the strap 4 and part 7, which allows you to fit the overalls 1 on the patient’s body.

In addition, this embodiment of the fastener provides a full opening of the overalls for the convenience of putting it on both in the standing position and in the supine position.

Overalls 1 can also be equipped with a lacing 22 located in the center of part 3 (Fig. 2) and made from the neckline to the waistline. In addition, lacing 23 can be performed on each shoulder, and lacing 24 can be performed on each leg of part 3 from the knee to the bottom line 6. Lacing 22, 23 and 24 are designed to drag the overalls on the patient's body until the body is tightly and uniformly wrapped around the body with the overalls and legs.

On overalls 1 in covers 25 mounted two independent elastic tubular chambers. Since these cameras are in cases, they themselves are not visible in the drawings. In accordance with the arrangement of the covers 25, one said chamber extends along the left leg, along the left side of the back and along the left sleeve, and the other passes along the right leg, along the right side of the back and along the right sleeve. Due to this position of the cameras, when wearing overalls, they pass over the junction of the antagonist muscles (muscles acting simultaneously or alternately in two opposite directions). Each of the cameras is equipped with means for connecting the camera to the pump, made in the form of a nipple, the end of which 31 comes out from the cover 25 (Fig. 1). The nipple can be located in any convenient place on the camera. A variant, not shown in the drawings, is also possible, in which the cameras communicate with each other, for example, by means of a tubular jumper extending across the back at the waist level. In this case, it is enough to equip the means of connecting the camera to the pump with only one camera.

The proposed jumpsuit contains means for adjustable compression of the chambers, made in the form of two straps 26, covering covers 25 with cameras placed in them at a site corresponding to the position of the knee and elbow joints (Fig. 1 and 2). The width of the strap is 5-7 cm. Each strap 26 is equipped with a buckle 29, allowing its tightening around this camera.

For example, the strap 26 can be formed by fabric tape 27 (Fig. 7), and the buckle is made in the form of two rings 29. One end 28 of the tape 27 covers both rings 29 from the inside and is attached to the tape 27, and its other end 30 covers both rings from the inside 29, and then passed between the rings 29 in the opposite direction. When tightening the tape 27 in the rings 29, it is fixed due to friction. The offset of the end 30 relative to the end 28 leads to a decrease in the circumference of the strap 26, which allows you to tighten the camera and thereby compress it, causing its deformation with a decrease in its cross section. The compression of the chambers compensates for the pressure exerted by the chambers, as a result of which the load on the knee and elbow joints is reduced and, thereby, their mobility is increased and greater freedom of movement in the area of these joints is ensured. At the same time, the stabilizing effect on the knee and elbow joints is preserved.

Possible embodiments of the jumpsuit, in which the strap 26 is used only on the site of the knee joints or only on the site of the elbow joints. The choice of execution of overalls depends on the needs of a particular patient.

It is also possible to implement means for controlled compression of the chambers using a cord or tape provided with or provided with a clip for fixing the ends of the cord or tape. It is also possible to use mechanical clamps and any other known means of squeezing.

In addition, in the section from the shoulder level to the level of the lower back, the chambers may have a diameter exceeding the diameter of the chamber for the rest of the length. Due to this, the corsetry effect of the overalls in the back is enhanced.

The covers 25 are attached directly to the jumpsuit 1. The fastening can be accomplished, for example, by means of jumper ribbons 32 covering the cover 25, as shown in FIG. 8 and 9, and attached at their ends to the jumpsuit 1, moreover, from the middle of the thigh to the middle of the shoulder of the web-jumper 32 is preferably made with a cross 33 (Fig. 8). The intersection 33 of the jumper ribbons 32 allows you to more tighten the jumpsuit when it is pulled and, therefore, to perform a more accurate fit on the patient’s body, which is especially important in the area from the middle of the thigh to the middle of the shoulder. For the rest of the length of the chambers, it is sufficient to use the fasteners 8 and 20, as well as the lacing 24 to adjust the overalls, therefore, the cameras can be fastened with jumper ribbons 32 without intersection, as shown in FIG. 9, because overly tight fitting of the suit over the whole body can cause an increase in blood pressure.

In addition, the fastening of the covers 25 to the overalls 1 can be performed using the tape 34, which is passed through the machined holes 35 made on the covers 25 and on the overalls 1, as shown in FIG. 10. The fastening of the covers 25 can be carried out by means of the fasteners 36 (stitching on small segments) (Fig. 11). The covers 25 can also be attached by attaching them (shown by a dotted line) to the jumpsuit 1 along the entire length of the cover 25 (Fig. 12).

The covers 25 are provided with a corset lacing formed by a cord 36 threaded into hooks or

- 3 014998 loops 37.

The covers 25 can be equipped with a zipper (not shown), which facilitates the replacement of damaged cameras.

Overalls 1 can also be equipped with a removable pneumatic collar 38, which covers the neck by about 60-90% of the circumference of the neck (Fig. 1 and 2). The fastening of the collar 38 to the jumpsuit 1 can be carried out, for example, by means of a Velcro fastener (not shown) or other devices providing for its installation with the possibility of removal.

The free ends of the collar 38, located in front of the overalls, are connected to each other by means of a fastener 39, which is, for example, a tape with Velcro fastener, which allows you to pull the collar to the desired volume.

The overalls can be made of elastic fabric containing, for example, artificial materials (polyester, polyamide, acrylic, etc.) with the addition of elastic lycra or elastane threads in a ratio of about 4: 1. Adding lycra or elastane makes the jumpsuit tight, which makes it much easier to fit the patient’s body. In addition, such a fabric is quite durable and does not lose its shape during use.

To increase the comfort of using overalls, the elastic fabric may contain additional layers. For example, the inner layer adjacent to the patient’s body can be made hypoallergenic from synthetic fabrics of the Po1aLes 100 and Po1ayes Po \\ e Otu series, 100% Po1us51sg. All layers of elastic tissue have good air and moisture permeability to ensure natural ventilation of the patient's body.

The proposed jumpsuit is used as follows. For the simultaneous approximation of the patient’s muscles in the process of exercises or outside of them, the overalls are put on the patient in size, fastening it on the fasteners 8 and adjusting the fit of the overalls on the body. In addition, the fitting of the overalls is further controlled by lacing 22, 23 and 24. The chambers are filled with air through a nipple by means of a pump, such as a car. When pumping the chambers, the jumper ribbons 32 are pulled by themselves and pulled on the jumpsuit 1, providing universal compression and a peculiar corsetization of the patient’s trunk and limbs. The pressure on the muscles and joints may vary depending on the pressure created in the chambers. Next, corset lacing is performed by passing the cord 36 through hooks or loops 37 and tightening it. Next, the chambers are squeezed in the region of the knee and / or elbow joints by the required amount, shifting the end 27 of the tape 26 relative to the end 29 along the length of the tape 26 and fixing the ends 27 and 29 with each other in the desired position. Due to the adjustable compression of the chambers in the area of the knee and elbow joints, their cross section is reduced to the required value, as a result of which the knee and elbow joints experience less pressure, which increases their mobility, but at the same time some optimal pressure is maintained, so that the joints are stabilized. Thus, the optimization of the load exerted by the device on the knee and / or elbow joints is ensured, while maintaining the stabilization function of these joints. If necessary, when wearing overalls, the compression of the chambers is additionally regulated in accordance with the requirements of the treatment process. Mechanical compression of the trunk and extremities causes stretching of the muscles, ligaments and articular apparatus, while proprioceptive irritation intensifies, the α-γ-motor-neuronal system is activated at all levels of the central nervous system and neurophysiological prerequisites are created to restore impaired posotonic control. The patient recovers walking skills, improves coordination, as well as praxis and speech skills.

In yet another embodiment of the overalls, each of the chambers can be made of two insulated parts, each of which is equipped with a nipple. For example, a blind bridge may be installed in the chamber, dividing the chamber into two isolated sections. The jumper may be located, for example, at the level of the hip joints or at the level of the shoulder girdle.

In addition, each chamber can be made of two chambers, one of which extends to the level of the hip joints and / or level of the shoulder girdle, and the other from the level of the hip joints and / or level of the shoulder girdle.

Thanks to this embodiment of the chambers, it is possible to adjust the pressure in the chamber separately for each limb.

Claims (20)

CLAIM 1. Overalls for neuro-orthopedic rehabilitation, on which two elastic tubular-shaped chambers are installed, one of which runs along the left leg, along the left side of the back and along the left sleeve, and the other runs along the right leg, along the right side of the back and along the right sleeve, characterized the fact that it additionally contains means for adjustable compression of the chambers in the area corresponding to the position of the knee and / or elbow joints. 2. Overalls according to claim 1, characterized in that the means for adjustable compression of the chambers are made in the form of a strap with a buckle covering the camera with the possibility of its tightening around this camera. - 4 014998 3. The overalls according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a pneumatic collar, at least partially covering the neck, attached to the overalls with the possibility of removal and made with the possibility of adjusting its height and diameter of coverage. 4. Overalls according to claim 3, characterized in that the fastening of the collar to the overalls is carried out using Velcro fasteners. 5. Overalls according to claim 3, characterized in that the fastening of the collar to the overalls is carried out by means of buttons. 6. Overalls according to claim 3, characterized in that the fastening of the collar to the overalls is carried out by means of rivets. 7. Overalls according to claim 1, characterized in that each camera is placed in a case. 8. Overalls according to claim 7, characterized in that each cover is attached to the jumpsuit by means of jumpers, each of which covers the cover and has ends attached to the jumpsuit. 9. Overalls according to claim 7, characterized in that each cover is attached to the jumpsuit by means of jumper ribbons covering the cover and having ends that are crossed in the section between the cover and the jumpsuit and attached to it. 10. Overalls according to claim 7, characterized in that on each cover and overalls there are rows of holes that are aligned and through which a tape is passed connecting the cover with the overalls. 11. Overalls according to claim 7, characterized in that each cover is attached to the jumpsuit by at least partially attaching the cover to the jumpsuit. 12. The jumpsuit according to claim 1, characterized in that it has a back part and a front part formed by a central bar and side parts located on both sides of the central bar, and a series of detachable fasteners located from the neckline to the bottom line of the trousers and connecting central strip with side parts. 13. Overalls according to claim 12, characterized in that the fastener is a Velcro fastener. 14. The overalls according to claim 12, characterized in that the fastener comprises a tape, one end of which is attached to the side part and provided with one part of the Velcro fastener, and the other end thereof is passed through a half ring attached to the central bar and provided with a mating part of the Velcro fastener. 15. Overalls according to claim 12, characterized in that the fastener comprises a tape, one end of which is attached to the side part, and the other end is fixed by two half rings attached to the central strip. 16. The overalls according to claim 12, characterized in that the fastener comprises a tape, one end of which is attached to the side part, and the other end is fixed by a buckle attached to the central strip. 17. Overalls according to claim 12, characterized in that the fastener comprises loops located opposite each other on the side part and the central bar and interconnected by a cord. 18. A jumpsuit for neuro-orthopedic rehabilitation, on which two elastic tubular-shaped chambers are installed, one of which is made of two parts and runs along the left leg, along the left side of the back and along the left sleeve, and the other is made of two parts and runs along the right leg, along the right side of the back and along the right sleeve, characterized in that it further comprises means for adjustable compression of the chambers in the area corresponding to the position of the knee and / or elbow joints, part of each of the chambers is th e from each other, and each of the pieces with means of connection to the pump. 19. Overalls according to claim 18, characterized in that one part of the chamber extends to the level of the hip joints, and the other part of the chamber extends from this level. 20. The overalls according to claim 19, characterized in that one part of the camera extends to the level of the shoulder girdle, and the other part of the camera extends from this level.