EA008301B1 - Roll forming device - Google Patents

Abstract

The inventive roll forming device comprises a raw material loading unit, a permanent volume limiting unit provided with elements for forming an internal cylindrical surface, end stops and with an originally designed forming mechanism embodied in the form of parallel endless chains and forming elements arranged therebetween, wherein said forming elements are combined with elements for forming the internal cylindrical surface.In the second embodiment, said roll forming device also comprises means for rotationally moving the end stops, which is connected to chain driving means in such a way that it is possible to co-ordinate a motion therewith.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to devices for forming cylindrical bales by winding and pressing, and can be used in haymaking machines and complexes, in devices for collecting and processing various raw materials and waste, including garbage, and other devices that are designed for pressing materials of arbitrary structure, in including materials characterized by a high value of the coefficient of sliding friction (for example, paper waste, etc.) into cylindrical bales with possible subsequent packaging and / or bvyazkoy.

The problem of forming cylindrical bales with a conditionally uniform structure of increased density, regardless of the structure and particle size of the feedstock or material, requires solving in a number of industries and, above all, in agriculture. In part, the task of forming cylindrical bales during harvesting of roughage (hay, straw) has been solved by various manufacturers. However, existing roll pressing devices cannot be successfully used in the case of smaller or dissimilar raw materials and materials, such as succulent feed, waste, etc. The unresolved issue is the roll pressing of household garbage for its subsequent transportation, storage and processing.

State of the art

There are various designs of a roll pressing device for mowed plant mass, in the General case, containing means for loading raw materials, means for limiting the volume, made in the form of a cylindrical pressing chamber, as well as the pressing mechanism located in the pressing chamber [1, 2]. The pressing mechanism is a chain-slat conveyor that moves along the guiding system of sprockets of special design. This design of the pressing mechanism, and, consequently, the roll pressing device of the mowed crop as a whole, still does not have the level of quality, reliability necessary for this type of device, and, moreover, cannot be used for roll pressing of succulent feed, and, Moreover, it is not suitable for roll pressing of other types of raw materials.

Closest to the totality of technical solutions to the claimed known is the device for forming a roll of mowed plant mass, proposed in Eurasian application No. 200300310 of the same applicant [3]. The device described in the application is also intended for roll pressing and contains means for loading raw materials, means for limiting the volume, made in the form of a cylindrical pressing chamber, and also a pressing mechanism located in the pressing chamber. If in this case the raw material loading means and the pressing chamber are made using technical solutions traditional for similar devices, the pressing mechanism contains a number of original technical solutions allowing the use of parts, in particular sprockets, of only standard design. So, the pressing mechanism is made in the form of parallel endless chains interacting with the means of specifying the movement of the chain equipped with a sprocket system, and with the means of specifying the trajectory of the movement of the circuit equipped with a system of guides and rollers, and pressing elements installed between the chains by means of connecting devices configured to the coverage of two adjacent chain links, at least from the side opposite to the side of the chain interacting with the means of setting the movement of the chain. The described design of the roll pressing device showed very high results in terms of productivity, reliability, maintainability, as well as in compliance with sanitary and ergonomic requirements (reduced noise level, ease of use, etc.). However, the described device is intended for highly efficient roll formation from mowed crop. When pressing plant mass, including small particles, or raw materials of non-plant origin, including, for example, with elements of a solid structure, which is typical for waste, the efficiency of the device decreases.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Thus, it is an object of the present invention to provide various options for a roll pressing device, which would provide a higher value of the pressing force directed to the roll in both radial and axial directions, and therefore, increase the density of pressing; reduction of energy consumption, as well as the possibility of pressing raw materials of heterogeneous structure (the presence in the processed raw materials of elements of various, including fine, fractions, various, including high, hardness of elements of the processed raw materials, etc.), which makes it possible to expand scope of the proposed roll pressing device.

The problem is solved by the proposed roll pressing device comprising a raw material loading means, a constant volume limiting means provided with elements for forming the inner cylindrical surface and end stops, and a pressing mechanism including pressing elements and parallel endless chains installed with the possibility of interaction with the means of setting the chain movement equipped with an asterisk system, and with means for setting the path of the chain, equipped with a directional system yayuschih and rollers, the pressing elements are mounted between the chains by connecting devices vypol

- 1 008301 openings with the possibility of covering two adjacent chain links, at least from the side opposite to the side of the chain interacting with the means of specifying the movement of the chain, due to the fact that the pressing elements are combined with elements to form an inner cylindrical surface.

The problem is also solved by the proposed roll pressing device containing a means of loading raw materials, means of limiting a constant volume, equipped with elements for forming an inner cylindrical surface and end stops, and a pressing mechanism including pressing elements and parallel endless chains installed with the possibility of interaction with the means of setting motion chain equipped with a system of stars and with means for setting the trajectory of the chain, equipped with a system of guides and rollers, and the pressing elements are installed between the chains by means of connecting devices made with the possibility of coverage of two adjacent chain links, at least from the side opposite to the side of the chain interacting with the means of setting the movement of the chain, due to the fact that the device further comprises means setting the rotational movement of the end stops, associated with the possibility of matching the movement with the means of setting the movement of the chain, and the pressing elements are combined with elements for the formation of the inner cylindrical surface.

This feature of the formation of a means of limiting a constant volume ensures the interaction of the pressed raw material only with moving elements. Moreover, the direction of movement of the elements, as well as the speed of movement of the elements are coordinated, both among themselves, and with the direction of movement and the speed of movement of the processed raw materials. Ideally, the pressing elements are mounted on the chains in such a way that they form a substantially continuous inner cylindrical surface. This not only avoids spilling of small fractions of the pressed raw material between the pressing elements and / or contact of the pressed raw material moving along the radial path with the stationary inner surface of the pressing chamber, if any, but also increases the pressing force in the radial direction. In this case, the presence of a cylinder-forming wall of the press chamber, as such, becomes optional. For comparison, in the previously existing constructions between the cylinder forming wall of the pressing chamber and the pressed raw material during movement along the radial path, sliding friction arose, which “slowed down” the movement of the raw material and led to an increase in energy consumption and a decrease in the pressing efficiency. In addition, in these areas (between the pressing elements) it was not possible to obtain a high density and / or density corresponding to the density in the area in direct contact with the pressing element.

The described design allows to obtain the above results, both in the case when the end stops are fixed, which corresponds to the claimed device in the first embodiment, and in the case when the end stops are installed with the possibility of performing rotational motion, which corresponds to the claimed device in the second embodiment.

Very important from the point of view of achieving the maximum possible values of the claimed technical results is the introduction into the design of the proposed device of the means for setting the rotational movement of the end stops, associated with the possibility of matching the movement with the means of setting the chain movement. This can be realized, for example, by actuating the end stops in a rotational movement by a directly compressible mass, pressing elements interacting with the end stops, or by using additional gear or chain transmissions associated with end stops and a sprocket system from the chain motion setting tool. Other suitable and well-known specialists in this field of technology implementations of the aforementioned feature are possible.

In a preferred embodiment of this embodiment of the inventive roll pressing device, the end stops can preferably be provided with interaction elements with pressing elements located along the edge of the end stop, which, in addition to the possibility of forcing the end stops to move, provides a reduction in the gaps between the inner cylindrical surface formed by the pressing elements and end stops and also improves consistency the movement of all elements of the means of limiting the volume at the initial moment of pressing. The interaction elements can be made, for example, in the form of teeth or in any other suitable form. Moreover, each pressing element is preferably mounted to interact with the surfaces of both end limiters.

Due to the above-described features of the interaction between the individual elements of the system between these elements and the extruded raw materials in motion, the sliding friction is significantly reduced (for the first option) or not at all (for the second option). Instead, rolling friction takes place, due to which the energy consumption of the device is significantly reduced (up to 10 times) or, all other things being equal, the pressing efficiency sharply increases and the density of the roll increases.

In various forms of implementation of the claimed variants of roll pressing devices, or each pressing element is installed with the possibility of interaction of its working surface with

- 2 008301 by the barrel surface of each adjacent pressing element (directly or through the pressed material), or between the adjacent pressing elements an additional sealing element is installed. The implementation form of the additional sealing element can be easily selected by a person skilled in the art depending on the specific implementation form of the device as a whole, as well as the type and characteristics of the raw material being pressed and other conditions.

Preferred are also forms of implementation of device variants in which the guiding means for setting the path of the chain are made in the form of a plurality of connected and forming a conditionally closed contour sections of the same and / or different curvature. Most preferably, when at least two corresponding adjacent sections of each guide means for setting the path of the chain are pivotally connected to each other. This implementation of the design of the guiding means for setting the path of the chain allows the most efficient, without using other structural elements, upon completion of the pressing process, to open the cavity formed by the pressing elements and end stops and to remove the finished press roll.

In this case, it is preferable that each of the chains be made in the form of at least two endless sections interacting with the means for specifying the movement of the chain and the means for specifying the path of the chain with the possibility of changing the mutual spatial position. This arrangement of the chains increases the total pressing force, and in combination with the presence of articulated sections of the guide means for setting the path of the chain, it provides a multivariance of possible designs in terms of orienting the unloading of the finished press roll, as well as the loading of raw materials.

Also preferred are the implementation forms of the proposed roll pressing device, in which the pressing elements installed on one endless chain section are offset with respect to the pressing elements installed on the adjacent endless chain section, and the offset is less than the installation step of the pressing elements. The proposed mutual arrangement of the pressing elements on two endless sections of the chain allows the pressing elements of each subsequent section of the chain to prepress parts of the surface of the processed raw materials or materials that, when passing through the previous endless section of the chain, were located between two adjacent pressing elements. The density in these areas, of course, is slightly lower than in the surface areas of the processed raw materials or materials that were in direct contact with the pressing element. Thus, during the passage of the subsequent endless section of the chain, taking into account the displacement of the pressing elements, the surface sections of the processed raw materials or materials with a lower density are already in direct contact with the pressing elements of this section of the chain, i.e. uniform roll density is achieved over the entire area of the cylindrical surface.

Also preferred are implementation forms of the proposed roll pressing device in which the end stops are located at an angle to the axis of the cylinder formed by the inner cylindrical surface. In this case, the location of the apex angle of the axes of the end stops is selected based on the relative position of the raw material loading means and the unloading direction of the finished press roll, so as to provide an increased pressing force in the axial direction, a uniform pressing density over the entire volume of the pressed raw material, as well as improved loading and easier unloading of the finished press roll.

The pressing elements in a preferred embodiment are provided with axial protrusions, and the guides with holders, the axial protrusions and holders being made with the possibility of interaction. This form of implementation provides the ability to adjust the position of individual sections of the chain in relation to the corresponding section of the guide (the chain section is either held in the guide in the corresponding section, repeating the shape of the section, or is pulled between the ends of the corresponding section of the guide, acquiring a linear shape) when the spatial position of this guide section.

Thus, the original and non-obvious for specialists in the field of technology solution of the main elements of the proposed roll pressing device in both versions, as well as the relationships between the elements of the device, ensures that all the above technical results are achieved in all possible forms of implementation.

List of figures

Below, the advantages and advantages of the inventive roll pressing device in both embodiments will be described in more detail and illustrated with the help of possible preferred, but not limiting examples of implementation, both of the device as a whole and their main components with reference to the positions of the figures of the drawings in which FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a general view of one of the preferred forms of implementation of the roll pressing device in the second embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of a general view of another preferred embodiment of a roll pressing device in a second embodiment;

- 3 008301 Fig. 3 is a fragment of the pressing mechanism in one of the preferred forms of implementation;

FIG. 4a is a section along line AA of the pressing mechanism of FIG. 3 (pressing element of circular cross section);

FIG. 4b is a section along line AA of the pressing mechanism of FIG. 3 (pressing element of rectangular cross section);

FIG. 5 is a fragment of a pressing mechanism in another preferred form of implementation (with a sealing element);

FIG. 6a is a section along line AA of the pressing mechanism of FIG. 5 (pressing element of circular cross section and possible forms of implementation of the sealing element);

FIG. 6b is a section along the line AA of the pressing mechanism of FIG. 5 (pressing element of rectangular cross section and possible forms of implementation of the sealing element);

FIG. 7a-c are examples of the implementation and installation on the chains of the pressing elements;

FIG. 8 is a fragment of the device of FIG. 1 or 2 depicting a change in the spatial position of the main elements of the device during operation;

FIG. 9 is a section along line AA of a fragment of the device of FIG. 8;

FIG. 10 is a section along the line BB of the fragment of the device of FIG. 8;

FIG. 11a-d are examples of embodiments of sections of chains of the pressing mechanism and guides with an image of a change in their mutual spatial position;

FIG. 12a, b are examples of the execution of the means for setting the rotational movement of the end stops;

FIG. 13 is a fragment of a view in the direction AA of one of the forms of implementation of the end stop of FIG. 12b provided with interaction elements with pressing elements;

FIG. 14 is a schematic illustration of a roll pressing device in a first embodiment in one of the preferred embodiments;

FIG. 15 is a section along line AA of the device of FIG. 14.

Description of the device in a static state

In FIG. 1 and 2 as an example, schematically shows the General views of two preferred forms of implementation of the roll pressing device in the second embodiment. The device in each of the forms of implementation contains means 1 for loading raw materials (for the implementation form in Fig. 1, the raw material can be mowed plant mass, and for the implementation form in Fig. 2, for example, solid waste that can be ground before entering the pressing chamber) and means 2 of limiting a constant volume, which, in essence, is a pressing chamber. The constant volume limiting means 2 contains a plurality of elements for forming the inner cylindrical surface in the device of the invention combined with pressing elements 3, and end stops 4. The roll pressing devices of FIG. 1 and 2 also contain a pressing mechanism, which is presented in more detail in the further drawings (Figs. 3, 4a, 4b, 5, 6a, 6b, 7a-c, 8, 11a-d) and includes parallel endless chains 5 interacting with the means motion instructions containing a system of asterisks 6, and with means for specifying a motion path, provided with guides 7 and rollers 8. Between parallel endless chains 5 by means of connecting devices 9, configured to cover two adjacent links 10 of chain 5, at least from the side, opposite side of the chain 5 interacting with the sprockets 6, the pressing elements 3 are installed. The sectional shape of the pressing element 3 can be arbitrarily selected in accordance with the specific embodiment of the device as a whole. In FIG. 4a, 6a and 4b, 6b show the pressing elements 3 with a circular and rectangular cross section, respectively. The pressing elements 3 can be installed either with a gap in relation to each other (see Fig. 7b, 7c, or with the possibility of close interaction with the working surfaces 11 of the adjacent pressing elements 3 (see Fig. 3, 5, 7a), or with the placement between the working surfaces 11 of the adjacent pressing elements 3 additional sealing elements 12. The execution form of the additional sealing element 12 can also be arbitrarily selected depending on both the execution form of the device as a whole and the execution form (from cheniya) pressing element 3. Fig. 6a and 6b are just some of the possible forms of execution of additional seal elements 12, including, depending on the shape of the cross section of the pressing member 3.

In FIG. 7a-c show examples of the execution and installation of the pressing elements 3 on the chains 5. Thus, in the example shown in FIG. 7a, a pressing element 3 is depicted, at the ends of which axial protrusions are made 13. The installation step of the pressing elements 3 on chains 5 in accordance with FIG. 7a-7c or another can be selected by a specialist depending on the specific implementation of the device as a whole, as well as on the particle size and type of pressed raw materials.

In FIG. 8 shows an example of the execution of the guide 7 in the form of two sections 7 ', 7. Moreover, each of the sections 7', 7, in turn, is also made of two sub-sections 14 'and 15' (14 and 15, respectively), interconnected by swivel 16. Dashed-dotted line

- 4 008301 in this drawing indicates the possible relative position of the various sections of the guide 7, and therefore the sections of the chain 5, when unloading the finished press roll 17.

There are also numerous other options for the implementation of the guide 7 with different numbers and locations, including mutual, sections 7 ', 7, some of which are presented in Fig. 11a-g. Moreover, in the example shown in FIG. 11c, the portion 7 of the guide 7 is made of three sub-sections 14, 15 and 18.

In connection with the above-described execution of the guide 7, the chains 5 are made of at least the same number of sections 5 ', 5 and, if there are 5' '' (see Fig. 11b)), etc. All sections of the chains 5 interact with the corresponding sprockets 6, and the pressing elements 3 installed on them at the end sections are equipped with rollers 8 that interact with the corresponding sections of the guide 7. The pressing elements 3 on adjacent sections of the chain 5 can be installed, both without bias, and with offset.

So, in FIG. 8 of the implementation example, the pressing elements 3 installed in the section 5 'of the chain 5 are offset with respect to the pressing elements 3 installed in the section 5' of the chain 5, and in the examples shown in FIG. 11a-d, the pressing elements in adjacent sections 5 ', 5' 'and 5' and 5 '' '(see Fig. 11b) of circuit 5 are mounted without bias.

In FIG. 9 in section along line AA in FIG. 8 shows in more detail the combination of the main elements of the pressing mechanism, means for limiting the constant volume, as well as means for setting the rotational movement of the end stops 4 in accordance with the second embodiment of the roll pressing device, where the end stops 4 are rotatable. The means 19 for specifying the rotational movement of the end stops 4 are associated with the possibility of matching the motion with a system of sprockets 6 from the composition of the means for setting the motion of the chain 5. One of the possible examples of implementing such a connection will be described in more detail below with reference to the positions of FIG. 13, illustrating an example of a forced connection between the means 19 for setting the rotational movement of the end stops 4 and the sprockets 6 for the means for setting the chain movement through the pressing elements 3 interacting with the end stops 4. Due to the multivariance and obviousness to specialists in the field of technical implementation of this feature, other implementation examples will not be considered within the scope of this description. In the embodiment of FIG. 9 of the embodiment, the means 19 for setting the rotational movement of the end stops 4 comprises a central part 20 and a peripheral system of rollers 21, examples of implementation forms and installation methods of which are also shown in FIG. 12a, b. The end stop 4 and the means 19 for setting the rotational movement of the end stop 4 are installed on the supporting part 22, to which axial loads are transmitted during the pressing process.

In the embodiment of FIG. 9 of the implementation example, the end stops 4 are mounted at an angle to the axis 23 of the cylinder formed by the inner cylindrical surface formed by the pressing elements 3 mounted on the chain 5. In this implementation example, the inclination angle is selected so that its apex is located on the vertical axis 24 of the volume limiting means 2 above means 2 volume limits. In general, the location of the top of the tilt angle is selected for each particular form of implementation, based on the relative position of the raw material loading means 1 and the unloading direction (shown by the arrow) of the press roll 17 and the possibility of achieving a uniform, maximum possible density over the entire volume of the pressed raw material and the best unloading roll.

In FIG. 10 is a partial view in the direction BB of the device of FIG. 8, which illustrates one possible implementation example of securing the sub-section 14 ′ of the section 7 ′ of the guide 7, configured to change its spatial position relative to the sub-section 15 ′, as well as the drive mechanism 25. In this embodiment, the hydraulic mechanism 25 of the drive of the lock 26 was used. The guide 7 in the illustrated embodiment is provided with a holder 27, and the pressing elements 3 are provided with axial protrusions 13. In FIG. 10 the detachable (movable) part of the guides 7 and chains 5 is hatched.

In FIG. 12a, b depict some examples of the execution forms of the means 19 for setting the rotational movement of the end stops 4. The examples presented illustrate possible forms of execution and installation of the central part 20, the rollers 21, the supporting part 22 from the composition of the means for specifying the rotational movement of the end limiter 4. So, in In the examples presented, the rollers 21 are movable, while in the example shown in FIG. 9, the roller 21 can be mounted on the end stop or on the supporting part 22.

In FIG. 13 is a fragment of a view in the direction AA in FIG. 12b, giving an idea of the possible form of implementation of the element 28 to interact with the pressing elements 3, which are located along the edge 29 of the end stop 4 and through which the end stops 4 are driven into forced rotation.

In FIG. 14 schematically shows one example of the implementation of the inventive roll pressing device in the first embodiment. In the presented example, the roll pressing device, in addition to the means 2 for limiting the volume formed by the presses installed on the chains 5

- 5 008301 elements 3 and end stops 4 also contains an additional solid stationary shell (chamber) 30.

FIG. 15 in section along the line AA illustrates a form of implementation in which the end stops 4 are fixed (rigidly connected to the shell 30) and are installed at an angle to the axis 23 of the cylinder formed by the pressing elements 3.

As already mentioned above, the number and relative position of the sections of the guide 7, as well as the step and method of installing the pressing elements 3 on adjacent sections of the chain 5 (offset or coordinated) can be selected by a specialist in this field, based on the objectives of creating a specific roll pressing device , characteristics of the pressed material, spatial orientation of the means 1 for loading raw materials and the direction of unloading of the finished press roll 17.

In some embodiments (see, for example, Fig. 8, as well as 11b, d), it is possible to tension the chain 5 when unloading the finished press roll 17 to improve the conditions of its unloading without bringing into interaction the above-mentioned axial protrusions 13 on the pressing elements 3 and holders 27 on one of the guides 7.

In FIG. 1, 2, 8, 11a, 14, 15, the position 31 denotes the hydraulic cylinders of the drive rails 7.

The proposed device roll pressing works as follows.

Through the raw material loading means 1, the raw materials are supplied to the pressing chamber, the volume of which is determined by the volume limiting means 2, in particular, by pressing elements 3 mounted on parallel endless chains 5 and end stops 4.

The trajectory of movement of parallel endless chains 5 is set by means of guides 7, along which chains 5 are moved by rollers 8 mounted on the end sections of the pressing elements 3. Regardless of the number of sections 7 ', 7, etc. guides 7, the number of sub-sections 14, 15 and 18 for each of these sections, as well as the number of infinite sections of the chain 5, in the working position, all these elements provide the formation of a practically closed volume with an inner cylindrical surface. Coordination of the movement of all sections 5 ', 5, etc. chain 5 is carried out using means for setting the movement of the chain, in particular, through a system of sprockets 6. The sprockets 6 used in the proposed roll pressing device due to the original design of the connecting devices 9 have a standard design.

The connecting devices 9 are installed with the possibility of covering two adjacent links 10 of the chain 5 from the side opposite the side of the chain 5, interacting with the sprockets 6.

Depending on the type of pressed raw material, as well as on the design of the roll pressing device as a whole and its individual elements, the pressing elements 3 by means of connecting devices 9 are installed in such a way as to provide the necessary and / or minimum possible gap between the working surfaces 11 of the adjacent pressing elements 3 or exclude the possibility of a gap between the working surfaces of 11 adjacent pressing elements 3. The size of the gap or the need to eliminate it are selected based on the type of pres material. The gap should be selected so as to exclude the possibility of contact, including temporary and / or accidental, extrudable material with a stationary casing 30 of the device, if any, or spillage of the extruded material in the absence of a casing. So, in the case of pressing raw materials with a very small particle size, i.e. when it is necessary to eliminate the gaps between the working surfaces 11 of adjacent pressing elements 3, additional sealing elements 12 are installed (clamped) between adjacent pressing elements. Above, it has already been noted that it is possible to select additional sealing elements 12 from a wide range of shapes and sizes in each particular case of the implementation of a roll pressing device. Their installation also improves the dynamic characteristics of the working conditions of the circuit 5, excluding its oscillations in the transverse direction, which reduces wear and increases the service life of the chain 5.

During the pressing process, the pressed raw material repeatedly moves along a circular path, experiencing a pressing force from the side of the pressing elements 3. In this case, the pressed raw material does not come into contact with fixed elements, since all the elements forming the inner cylindrical surface that defines the trajectory of movement of the pressed material are only moving elements: pressing elements 3 and, if available, additional sealing elements 12. Thus, sliding friction is replaced by rolling friction, which significantly reduces energy loss and thereby increases the efficiency of the pressing process. This efficiency is further increased in the second embodiment of the proposed device, in which the end stops 4 are movable.

The means 19 for specifying the rotational movement of the end stops 4, including the movable central part 20 and the peripheral system of the rollers 21, are mounted on the support part 22. On the support part 22 by means of the specifying the rotational movement 19, the end stop 4 is also installed so as to transmit the axial pressing force to the supporting part 22. In this case, depending on the form of execution, the rollers 21 can be either movable (see Fig. 12a, b), or fixed on the supporting part 22 or directly on the end face chitele 4 (see. Fig. 9). The end stop 4 is driven either passively through the press roll 17, or

- 6 008301 forcefully by the interaction of the pressing elements 3 with the interaction elements 23 located at the edge 24 of the end stops 4 (see Fig. 13), or by any other suitable method known to specialists. Due to the presence of the aforementioned connection between the means for setting the motion of the chain 5 and the means 19 for setting the rotational movement of the end stop 4, the movement of the chain 5 and end stops 4 is completely consistent in direction and speed and at the initial moment of pressing. Due to the rotation of the end stops 4, it is possible to obtain denser ends of the roll 17, and the execution at the edge 29 of the end limiter of the elements 28 of interaction with the pressing elements 3 also increases the "tightness" of the design of the pressing chamber (means 2 volume limit)

As already mentioned, the rotational movement of the end stops 4 is fully consistent with the movement of the pressing elements 3 along a circular path, and therefore with the pressed raw materials moving along a circular path by the pressing mechanism, in particular, the pressing elements 3. Thus, a pressing chamber is created, in which there are practically no gaps between its elements, and in which each point of the inner surface (both cylindrical and end) moves in concert with the movement of the pressed raw material. The presence of several endless sections 5 ', 5, etc. chains 5 also significantly increases the force and density of the pressing of raw materials. Moreover, the frequency of installation of the pressing elements 3 allows to achieve a higher and more uniform density of pressing over the entire surface of the roll. Even more uniform density is achieved by installing the pressing elements 3 of one endless section 5 'of the chain 5 with an offset with respect to the pressing elements 3 mounted on the adjacent endless section 5' 'of the chain 5. Moreover, the greatest pressing force when the roll of the pressed raw material contacts the pressing elements 3 mounted on an endless section 5 '' of chain 5, is directed to sections of the roll, which, in contact with the pressing elements 3 installed on section 5 'of chain 5, were between the pressing elements 3 (i.e. dvergalis smallest compressed).

A significant increase in the pressing density in the axial direction, in particular the ends of the roll 17, is achieved by installing end stops 4 at an angle to the axis 23 of the cylinder formed by the pressing elements 3. In various examples, the vertex of the angle can be located at any diametrical, in particular, vertical axis 24 of the cylinder above or below the pressing chamber. This arrangement of the end stops allows axially pressing the pressed material, improves the conditions of entry of the material into the pressing chamber, which avoids unwanted friability of the roll at the end sections and, especially, at the edges.

It should also be noted that the feed opening from the composition of the raw material loading means 1 after completion of the pressing process can be closed by means of the sub-section 18 ″ of the section 7 ″ of the guide 7 (see FIG. 11 c) pivotally connected to the sub-section 15 ″ of the section 7 ″ guide 7. As a result, the flow of raw materials into the pressing chamber is stopped and a completely enclosed cylindrical volume is formed. Being in a completely enclosed cylindrical volume of the pressing chamber, the finished press roll 17, while continuing to rotate, is “held” under pressure. This contributes to "fixing" the shape of the finished press roll 17 and its preservation after unloading. In addition, at this stage, if necessary, strapping the finished press roll 17 with twine or net is performed.

Upon completion of the pressing process and, if necessary, strapping by means of a swivel joint 16, the relative position of the sub-sections 14 'and 15', as well as 14 '' and 15 '', the pressing chamber opens and the finished press roll 17 “falls out” of the chamber under the action of gravity pressing in the direction of unloading of the press roll 17 and is rolled out along the inclined section 5 ″ of the chain 5 (see Fig. 8, 11a-d). On the remaining movable sections of the pressing mechanism, each section of the chain 5 is held in the corresponding subsection of the section of the guide 7 as follows. To change the position of the subsection of the guide 7 include a drive mechanism 25, which unlocks the lock 26 with the subsequent drive of the hydraulic cylinder system 31, which provide a predetermined change in the corresponding position of the subsection of the guide section 7. The pressing elements 3 mounted on the section 5 'of the chain 5 are provided with axial protrusions 13 and the sub-section 14 'of the section 7' of the guide 7 is held by the holders 27. When the sub-section 14 'of the section 7' of the guide 7 is driven, the axial protrusions 13 come into contact with the holders 27 and hold Xia them. Thus, the portion 5 of the chain 5 is held in the guide 7 on the sub-portion 14 ′ of the portion 7 ′.

After unloading the press roll 17, the sub-sections 14 'and 15', 14 and 15, and, if available, 18 sections 7 'and 7, respectively, of the guide 7 are returned to their original position, forming an almost closed cylindrical volume of the pressing chamber. Through the means 1 for loading the raw materials, a portion of the raw materials is again fed into the pressing chamber and the next cycle of the pressing process is carried out by analogy to the one described above.

In the above-described example of the implementation of both embodiments of the inventive roll-pressing device, only some preferred combinations of possible values of essential features were used, which does not exclude the possibility of implementing variants of the device with other possible variants of combinations of significant features of values. Moreover, all possible combinations ensure the achievement of the claimed technical results.

- 7 008301

Literature

1. A.V. Klochkov, N.V. Chaychits, V.P. Buyashov, Agricultural machines, Mn .: "Urajay", 1997, p. 290, 291

2. V.I. Osobov, G.K. Vasiliev, Haymaking machines and complexes, M.: "Mechanical Engineering", 1983, p. 111, fig. 53.

3. Eurasian application No. 200300310 dated January 31, 2003.

Claims (12)

CLAIM 1. A roll pressing device containing a means of loading raw materials, means for limiting a constant volume, equipped with elements for forming an inner cylindrical surface and end stops, and a pressing mechanism including pressing elements and parallel endless chains, installed with the possibility of interaction with means for setting a chain movement, provided a system of sprockets, and with means for setting the trajectory of the chain, equipped with a system of guides and rollers, and the pressing elements installed between the chains by means of connecting devices configured to cover two adjacent chain links, at least from the side opposite to the side of the chain interacting with the means of specifying the movement of the chain, characterized in that the pressing elements are combined with elements to form an inner cylindrical surface. 2. A roll pressing device containing a means of loading raw materials, means for limiting a constant volume, equipped with elements for forming an inner cylindrical surface and end stops, and a pressing mechanism including pressing elements and parallel endless chains that are installed to interact with means for specifying the movement of the chain provided a sprocket system, and with means for setting the path of the chain, equipped with a system of guides and rollers, and the pressing elements installed between the chains by means of connecting devices configured to cover two adjacent chain links, at least from the side opposite to the side of the chain interacting with the means of setting the movement of the chain, characterized in that it further comprises means for setting the rotational movement of the end stops, associated with the possibility coordination of movement with the means of setting the movement of the chain, and the pressing elements are combined with elements to form the inner cylindrical surface. 3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the end stops are provided with interaction elements with pressing elements located along the edge of the end limiter. 4. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that each pressing element is installed with the possibility of interaction with the surfaces of the end stops. 5. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that each pressing element is installed with the possibility of interaction of its working surface with the working surface of each adjacent pressing element. 6. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that between the adjacent pressing elements an additional sealing element is installed. 7. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that each guide means for setting the path of the chain is made in the form of a plurality of connected and forming a conditionally closed loop sections of the same and / or different curvature. 8. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that at least two corresponding adjacent sections of each guide means for setting the path of the chain are articulated. 9. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that each of the chains is made in the form of at least two infinite sections interacting with means for setting the chain motion and means for setting the path of the chain with the possibility of changing the mutual spatial position. 10. The device according to claim 9, characterized in that the pressing elements installed on one endless section of the circuit are offset with respect to the pressing elements installed on the adjacent endless section of the chain, and the offset is less than the installation step of the pressing elements. 11. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the end stops are located at an angle to the axis of the cylinder formed by the inner cylindrical surface. 12. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the pressing elements are provided with axial protrusions, and the guides are provided with holders, the axial protrusions and holders being made with the possibility of interaction.