EA007439B1 - Vortical unit - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the wind power engineering, can be used for ventilation of stagnant zones and active influence on a tornado and tornados.The invention allows to develop electric energy due to generation of vortical movement of the air weights, arising owing to walls and blades of the unit and gradients of temperature and pressure. Curvature of the wall and the blades of the unit are described by logarithmic dependence.Technical result of the offered invention is: simplification of a design and increase of reliability of work of the unit, an opportunity of ventilation of stagnant zones in the districts surrounded by mountains and protection against a tornado and tornados.The including case established in it on the basis of the generator with vertical shaft, the wind wheel fixed on a shaft with blades is offered the vortical unit. Thus the case is executed in the form of the truncated cone, the basis is executed in the form of in the form of a disk, blades of a wind wheel are executed curvilinear, on an external surface of a disk-basis and a cone-case curvilinear ledges-directing are executed. External parts of the vortical unit - the case, the basis, a wind wheel are painted in black color.The air stream, heating up on a working surface of the unit, moves lengthways walls, forming a whirlwind. Gradients of temperature and pressure form steady vortical movement which can be named an artificial tornado. Energy of the whirlwind is transferred through blades to the generator which will transform it in electric. Owing to an artificial whirlwind the bottom warm layers of air move upwards, whence in the opposite direction moves colder layers of air, that provides ventilation of the limited space. The artificial tornado removes potential energy which is saved in an atmosphere, and reduces probability of occurrence of a natural tornado.

Description

The invention relates to wind energy, can be used for ventilation of stagnant zones and the active impact on tornadoes and tornadoes.

A known design of a wind power plant (RF Patent No. 2062353, Cl. Ρ03Ό 3/00, 1996), consisting of an air flow hub in the form of a tent with a chimney and a cone with a concave surface, a windwheel, a generator and a battery.

The disadvantages of a wind farm include the relative bulkiness and complexity of the design, which leads to a significant decrease in engine efficiency and resources of the operating time of the nodes of the mechanism.

Known thermal eddy power plant (RF patent № 94028398, CL Ρ03Ό 3/00, 1996), which is a housing in the form of a tent, having an entrance along the entire lower perimeter, a system with heated air, mounted on the base in the lower part of the generator with a vertical shaft. To enhance traction along the axis of the tent is a hollow tube. Wind wheels with blades are mounted on the vertical shaft of the generator inside the pipe. For turbulence of the air flow in the lower part of the pipe there are vertical slots with guide vanes.

The disadvantages of both known analogues are: low efficiency due to the cumbersome design, low reliability, the presence of an air heating system, the need for artificial thrust to create a pressure differential using a tent and pipe, the need for guide vanes to communicate the flow of vortex motion.

The technical result of the invention is to simplify the design and increase the reliability of the unit, the possibility of ventilation of stagnant zones and protection from tornadoes and tornado.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the proposed device also, as is known, includes a housing, a generator with a vertical shaft mounted on its base, a wind wheel mounted on the shaft with blades.

However, unlike the known device, the body is made in the form of a truncated cone, the base is disk-shaped, the blades of the wind wheel are curvilinear, on the outer surface of the disc base and the cone body are curved protrusions-guides, while the outer parts are body, base, wind wheel painted black.

The curvilinearity of the protrusions of the guides and blades of the wind wheel is given by logarithmic dependence. The blades are made triangular, tapering to the top.

The invention is illustrated by the drawings in FIG. 1 and 2, which schematically show the design of the proposed vortex unit. FIG. 1 is a side view, in FIG. 2 - top view.

The wind wheel with curvilinear blades 1 is fixed on the shaft 2, transmitting rotational motion to the generator 5. The generator is located in the conical case 3 and is mounted on the base disk 4. The outer surfaces of the parts of the unit - the disk, the cone and curved blades, are painted black. On the disk and the cone there are protrusions-guides 6, the curvature of which, like the curvilinear blades, is given by a logarithmic dependence.

The device works as follows. The air flow is heated on disk 4, cone 3 and curved blades 1, due to their black color. The air flow in the working area makes a rotational movement along the guide walls 6 and, reaching the axis of rotation, maximizes the angular velocity. The energy of the vortex motion is transmitted to the curved blades. Due to the direction of the axis of rotation along the flow, the blades do not experience a frontal impact of the air flow and cantilever tension on the axis. The blades, rotating, transmit torque to the generator 5. The proposed vortex unit creates a condition for the emergence of an artificial tornado, the rotational movement of air masses is formed by a vortex sink, the pressure and temperature gradient contribute to the creation of stable thrust without the use of special devices. The air flow, heating on the surfaces of the disk, cone and blades, moves in a spiral to the center. The spiral movement of air is caused by the guiding walls on the disk, the cone and the configuration of the blades. Under the influence of sunlight on the outer parts of the vortex unit, a high temperature is created on its surface. The gradient of temperature and pressure leads to the movement of air on the surfaces of the disk, cone and blades, but thanks to its configuration, the air begins a rotational movement, i.e., prerequisites are created for creating movement like a vortex or artificial tornado. The vortex flow is achieved due to the formation of a vortex on the installation surface and gradients of temperature and air pressure along the vertical axis. Such phenomena occur in nature: tornadoes, tornadoes. Having a high temperature and low density, air masses from the surface of the vortex unit rise in a spiral to the upper atmosphere, and cold air masses will fall into the formed funnel (the effect of a funnel in a water-filled bath). The air flow with high temperature, rising up in a spiral, will rotate the blades of the wind wheel, which will convert the energy of the vortex motion into electric. When the flow moves, the lower layers of air will move in a spiral upward, and the upper, cooler layers of air will move in the same spiral downward, i.e. vertical ventilation is also provided in the area of artificial tornado formation. The direction of the angular velocity of the vortex depends on the curvature of the walls on the disk surface and the cone. For

- 1 007439 protection against natural tornadoes and tornadoes, you can create an artificial tornado with reverse rotation speed. When two vortices interact with rotational speeds different in direction, their mutual quenching or reduction of its energy occurs. Statistics show that the zones of origin of a tornado and the trajectory of their movement coincide almost annually. These zones are determined by a sharp rise in temperature and a drop in atmospheric pressure. When these parameters reach critical values, then powerful tornadoes of destructive power arise. If we place the proposed installation in the zones of tornado along the probabilistic trajectories of its movement, and alternate the direction of the angular velocity, then it will be possible to constantly reduce the magnitude of the temperature gradient and pressure, which will exclude the occurrence of a natural tornado with destructive potential.

Naturally, the larger the radius of the disk, the greater and more powerful the vortex flow. As the vortex increases, the temperature and pressure gradients on the surface of the aggregate and on the upper part of the tornado sharply increase.

The introduction of the proposed design is appropriate for regions with great potential for solar energy. The proposed design can be installed not only on land, but also on the surface of the sea or ocean. The effectiveness of this design is manifested especially for remote places where it is impossible to supply electricity in the usual way. The proposed solution allows to increase the power of the unit by eliminating the effects of resistance forces. This increases the reliability of the unit, its performance.

Additional advantages of this design include the absence of vibration of the blades, the elimination of the shock effect of the flow and their cantilever attachment to the shaft by making the blades of a certain configuration and the axis of rotation directed along the flow. Curved blades of triangular shape and black color, described by a logarithmic dependence, are attached to each other along the axis of rotation. The shape of the blades and their axis of rotation, directed parallel to the flow, exclude vibration, vibration loading and impact of the flow.

The use of the proposed vortex unit ensures the achievement of the technical result: the air, heated on the outer working surface, with the help of protrusions-guides and configuration of the blades receives rotational motion of the vortex type. Temperature and pressure gradients also contribute to stable rotational flow. The vortex movement of air leads to the rotation of the blades and the shaft of the generator, coaxial with the axis of the vortex. Curvilinear blades ensure its smooth flow around, perceive its impact, give rotation to the shaft and rotor of the generator. The cantilever load on the blades does not occur, and an increase in its length does not cause an increase in the impact of the flow, as in the case of the prototype, and, accordingly, there is no moment of tension at the attachment points of the blades with the shaft. Since there is no cantilever voltage, the thickness of the blades can be very small, which will reduce the material intensity of the structure. The application of the proposed design improves the working conditions of the blades, reduces the fatigue voltage of the shaft, blades, their joints and ensures the reliability of its work. The generator is located inside the cone over which the wind wheel with curved blades is installed. All this ensures quick assembly or disassembly of the unit, visual inspection and troubleshooting during its operation.

Claims (2)

CLAIM 1. The vortex unit, comprising a housing, a generator with a vertical shaft mounted on it on the base, a wind wheel with blades fixed to the shaft, characterized in that the housing is made in the form of a truncated cone, the base is disk-shaped, the blades of the wind wheel are curved on the outer surface of the disk - the base and the cone-body are made of curved protrusions-guides. 2. The vortex aggregate according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer parts - the body, base, wind wheel are painted black.