DK9400062U3

DK9400062U3 - Tank cleaning system with permanently installed purifier

Info

Publication number: DK9400062U3
Application number: DK9400062U
Authority: DK
Inventors: Jan Henning Skaara; Leif Gottlieb
Original assignee: Hydropower Inc Ltd
Priority date: 1993-06-07
Filing date: 1994-02-09
Publication date: 1994-05-13

Description

DK 94 00062 U3DK 94 00062 U3

Den foreliggende opfindelse angår et tankrensesy-stem eller -apparat, som angivet i den indledende del af krav 1. Hensigten med disse apparater er at frembringe sådanne bevægelser af det nævnte spulehoved, at der fra en eller flere dyser på dette kan udsendes trykstråler af rensevæske, som ved at ramme tanksiderne under bevægelse kan rengøre disse.The present invention relates to a tank cleaning system or apparatus as set forth in the preamble of claim 1. The purpose of these apparatus is to produce such movements of said flushing head that from one or more nozzles thereon can be emitted pressure jets of cleaning liquid. which by hitting the tank sides while moving can clean them.

Det kan være nødvendigt at udføre mere eller mindre minutiøse rengøringer af tankvæggene, alt efter hvor stor forskellen er mellem arten af den forrige og den følgende last, og dette hensyn kan tilgodeses ved ændringer i sprøjtehovedets bevægelseskarakteristik. Det er kendt, at spulehovedet kan udnyttes til omdrejning i vandret plan af en udstrålingsdyse, som selv vipper op og ned eller roterer i et lodret plan under denne omdrejning, hvorved strålen fra dysen vil ramme tankvæggene i et liniemønster, der vil være desto tættere, jo langsommere bevægelserne foregår.It may be necessary to perform more or less meticulous cleaning of the tank walls, depending on the difference between the nature of the previous and the following load, and this consideration can be taken into account by changes in the movement characteristics of the spray head. It is known that the flushing head can be utilized to rotate in a horizontal plane by a radiating nozzle which itself flips up and down or rotates in a vertical plane during this rotation, whereby the jet from the nozzle will hit the tank walls in a line pattern that will be the closer. the slower the movements take place.

Hidtil har det været mest almindeligt, at spulehovedets bevægelser styres af separate drivmidler, f.eks. en trykluft- eller elektromotor, hvorved det i hvert fald har været en mulighed, at disse bevægelser kunne reguleres uafhængigt af gennemstrømningen af rensevæske. Disse kendte apparater har dog været forholdsvis dyre, og det har både før og siden været erkendt, at, det er mere hensigtsmæssigt at drive spulehovedets bevægelser ved hjælp af selve den energi, som repræsenteres af den frempumpede rensevæske. Oprindeligt blev hele væskestrømmen ført gennem drivturbinen for bevægelse af spulehovedet, hvorved der ikke kunne differentieres mellem tilførselsstrømmen og spulehovedets bevægelseshastighed, men det er nyligere erkendt, jfr. GB-A-2,028,113, at en sådan differentiering dog er mulig, nemlig ved at der arrangeres en regulerbar by-pass forbindelse udenom turbinen.So far, it has been most common for the head head movements to be controlled by separate propellants, e.g. a compressed air or electric motor, whereby there has been at least a possibility that these movements could be controlled independently of the flow of cleaning fluid. However, these known devices have been relatively expensive, and it has been recognized, both before and since, that it is more appropriate to drive the head head movements by the very energy represented by the pumped cleaning fluid. Initially, the entire fluid flow was passed through the drive head moving turbine, thereby not differentiating between the supply flow and the moving head speed, but it is more recently recognized, cf. GB-A-2,028,113, however, that such differentiation is possible, namely by arranging an adjustable by-pass connection outside the turbine.

For en given strøm af rensevæske kan det herved 2 DK 94 00062 U3 udvirkes, at turbinen modtager en større eller mindre andel af denne strøm, således at spulehovedet vil bevæge sig tilsvarende hurtigt eller langsomt og dermed frembringe et udstrålingsmønster, som er tilsvarende mere eller mindre tæt. Det unikke forslag jfr. nævnte GB-A2,-028,113,028,113 er baseret på, at tilstrømningsvæsken indføres sideværts til et kammer, i hvis bund der findes to umiddelbart ved siden af hinanden beliggende udstrømningsåbninger, nemlig dels til turbinen og dels til den angivne by-pass ledning. Medens man herved nok opnår den nævnte fordel med hensyn til regulering af turbinehastigheden, så er dog tilbringningsmåden for væsken yderst uheldig, idet der dels vil optræde et mærkbart trykfald i væsken ved den bratte retningsændring fra sideindføringen til nedførslen gennem udstrømningsåbningerne og dels vil forekomme meget ugunstige strømningsforhold for driften af turbinen. Dette skal kort begrundes nærmere i det følgende: På tankskibe vil de betragtede renseanlæg normalt være arrangeret i et fælles forsyningsnet med mærkbar udstrækning. Til fødning af systemet benyttes en kraftig trykpumpe, men det er uundgåeligt, at der undervejs i nettet optræder et vist tryktab, især hvis også andre renseapparater er i drift, og det er herved meget uheldigt, hvis der optræder mærkbare tryktab lige foran de enkelte renseapparater; et tryktab på disse steder kan ytre sig med nærmest eksponentionel virkning, således at der vil optræde en betydelig reduktion af kraften af de udsendte stråler af rensevæske. Et vist tryktab i rense-apparaterne vil være uundgåeligt, men dette tab vil gøre sig ekstra kraftigt gældende, hvis der forekommer tryktab allerede i indgangen til apparaterne. .For a given flow of cleaning fluid, it can thereby be effected that the turbine receives a larger or smaller proportion of this flow, so that the coil head will move correspondingly fast or slow, thus producing a radiation pattern which is correspondingly more or less close. The unique proposal cf. said GB-A2, -028,113,028,113 is based on the inflow fluid being introduced laterally into a chamber, at the bottom of which are two immediately adjacent outlet openings, namely partly to the turbine and partly to the specified by-pass conduit. While thereby obtaining the said advantage in regulating the turbine speed, however, the mode of application of the fluid is extremely unfortunate in that there will be a noticeable drop in pressure in the fluid upon the steep change of direction from the side entry to the downflow through the outflow openings and, on the other hand, will be very unfavorable. flow conditions for the operation of the turbine. This will be briefly explained in the following: On tankers, the considered treatment plants will normally be arranged in a common supply network with appreciable extent. A powerful pressure pump is used to feed the system, but it is inevitable that there will be some pressure loss along the network, especially if other purifiers are also in operation, and it is very unfortunate if noticeable pressure losses occur just in front of the individual purifiers. ; a loss of pressure at these places may manifest with almost exponential effect, so that there will be a considerable reduction in the force of the emitted rays of cleaning liquid. Some pressure loss in the cleaning appliances will be inevitable, but this loss will be extraordinarily severe if pressure losses already occur at the entrance to the appliances. .

For så vidt angår driften af turbinen er det vigtigt, at væsken tilføres e en rolig strøm, da optrædende turbulens kan give anledning til endda voldsomme driftsforstyrrelse. Ved indretningen ifølge nævnte GB-A-2,028,As far as the operation of the turbine is concerned, it is important that the liquid is supplied with a calm current, since the occurrence of turbulence can give rise to even severe operating disturbance. In the device of said GB-A-2,028,

3 DK 94 00062 U3 113 vil det være uundgåeligt, at der optræder kraftige hvirvler i turbinens tilgangskammer, og det skal da også bemærkes, at den pågældende konstruktion ikke er gjort kendt i praksis.3 DK 94 00062 U3 113 it will be inevitable that strong swirls appear in the turbine inlet chamber, and it should also be noted that the construction in question is not known in practice.

Opfindelsen har til formål at angive et renseappa-rat, som udmærker sig ved høj effektivitet og stor hensigtsmæssighed i øvrigt.The invention has for its object to provide a cleaning device which is distinguished by its high efficiency and great expediency in general.

Apparatet ifølge opfindelsen er primært ejendommelig ved de træk, der er angivet i den kendetegnende del af krav l. Der sørges herved for, at væsken kan strømme til turbinen i en rimeligt rolig strøm og uden noget særligt tryktab, ligesom afgreningen til by-pass forbindelsen kan foregå ved en jævn strømning gennem sideudløbet. Det er en yderligere fordel ved dette arrangement, at eventuelle fremmedlegemer, som ikke så sjældent optræder i den tilførte væskestrøm, f.eks. stumper af svejsetråd, vil vandre direkte ned til turbinen, som kan være konstrueret til at modstå de tilhørende påvirkninger, medens det så også opnås, at fremmedlegemerne dårligt kan sætte sig fast i tilgangen til by-pass forbindelsen, henholdsvis blokere by-pass ventilen. Den nævnte kendte indretning er sårbar på dette punkt.The apparatus according to the invention is primarily characterized by the features defined in the characterizing part of claim 1. This ensures that the liquid can flow to the turbine in a reasonably calm flow and without any special pressure loss, as well as the branch to the by-pass connection. can occur at a steady flow through the side outlet. It is a further advantage of this arrangement that any foreign bodies which do not infrequently occur in the supplied fluid stream, e.g. pieces of welding wire will travel directly down to the turbine, which may be designed to withstand the associated stresses, while also obtaining that the foreign bodies can poorly get stuck in the approach to the by-pass connection or block the by-pass valve, respectively. Said known device is vulnerable at this point.

I en foretrukket udførelsesform fremtræder apparatet ifølge opfindelsen som et nyt koncept, med turbinen og gearkassen anbragt inde i et omgivende apparathus, der virker som det nævnte samlekammer. Fra toppen af huset fører tilgangsrøret til turbinen direkte ned til denne, og ud for sideåbningen i dette rør er anbragt et reguleringsspjæld i form af et ringlegeme direkte udenpå røret. Rensevæsken vil således fra rørets sideåbning træde direkte ud i samlekammeret, og reguleringsspjældet vil være umiddelbart styret på røret. Det kan betjenes ved en aksial eller perifer forskydning, og det er gennem en udveksling forbundet til et udvendigt betjenings-element på toppen af apparathuset. Gearkassen inde i dette holdes kølet af den gennemstrømmende væske.In a preferred embodiment, the apparatus according to the invention appears as a new concept, with the turbine and gearbox disposed within a surrounding apparatus housing acting as said assembly chamber. From the top of the housing, the inlet pipe for the turbine leads directly down to it, and next to the side opening in this pipe is arranged a regulating damper in the form of an annular body directly outside the pipe. The cleaning fluid will thus enter directly from the side opening of the pipe into the collecting chamber and the control damper will be immediately controlled on the pipe. It can be operated by an axial or circumferential displacement, and it is connected through an exchange to an external control member at the top of the apparatus housing. The gearbox inside this is kept cool by the flowing fluid.

4 DK 94 00062 U34 DK 94 00062 U3

Det er i den forbindelse et særligt træk ved opfindelsen, at der fortrinsvis benyttes en gearkasse af tør og forseglet, smørefri type, hvorved apparatet er velegnet til permanent montering i tanke til alle mulige laster, også levnedsmidler.In this connection, it is a particular feature of the invention that a dry and sealed, lubricant-free gearbox is preferably used, whereby the apparatus is suitable for permanent mounting in tanks for all possible loads, including food.

Det er et andet særligt træk ved et system ifølge opfindelsen, at det nævnte betjeningselement for by-pass ventilen kan være forbundet med en fjernstyringsudrustning ikke alene for generel indstilling af ventilen, men også for løbende variering af indstillingen under apparatet s arbejdscyklus. Hvis turbinen arbejder med konstant hastighed, vil rense strålen bevæges med konstant vinkelhastighed, hvorved dens anslag mod tankvæggen vil flytte sig med større eller mindre hastighed alt efter anslagsområdets afstand fra dysen. Herved vil strålen ved de fjerne steder være mindre effektiv end ved de nære steder, og hvis arbejdshastigheden vælges 'korrekt' for de fjerne steder, dvs vælges at være forholdsvis langsom, så vil strålen være overeffektiv og bruge lang tid ved de nære steder. Ved operativ variering af by-pass ventilen kan hastigheden sættes op ved rensningen af de nære steder, så der ikke optræder unødigt overforbrug af hverken rensevæske eller cyklustid.It is another particular feature of a system according to the invention that said control element for the by-pass valve may be connected to a remote control equipment not only for general adjustment of the valve, but also for continuous variation of the setting during the device's duty cycle. If the turbine operates at a constant speed, the jet will move at a constant angular velocity, whereby its impact on the tank wall will move at greater or lesser speed, depending on the impact area's distance from the nozzle. In this way, the beam at the distant locations will be less efficient than at the near locations, and if the working speed is chosen 'correctly' for the distant locations, ie chosen to be relatively slow, then the beam will be over-efficient and spend a long time at the near locations. By operatively varying the by-pass valve, the speed can be set up at the cleaning of the nearby places so that no unnecessary over-consumption of either the cleaning fluid or cycle time occurs.

I forbindelse med apparatet benyttes fortrinsvis et rensehoved med dobbeltroterende dyse eller dyser, hvilket begunstiger en rolig drift og muliggør en rensning overalt, også lige opad fra rensehovedet.In connection with the apparatus, a cleaning head with double-rotating nozzle or nozzles is preferably used, which favors a quiet operation and allows cleaning everywhere, even straight up from the cleaning head.

Opfindelsen forklares i det følgende nærmere under henvisning til tegningen, på hvilken fig. 1 er et sidebillede af et apparat ifølge opfindelsen, og fig. 2 et mere detailleret snitbillede af den øvre del deraf.The invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to the drawing, in which: FIG. 1 is a side view of an apparatus according to the invention, and FIG. 2 is a more detailed sectional view of the upper portion thereof.

I fig. 1 er vist toppen 2 af en tank, hvori det viste apparat er fast monteret. Det omfatter et apparathus 4, der foroven har en tilslutningsflange 6 for et 5 DK 94 00062 U3 tilgangsrør 8 for rensevæske og forneden et nedragende, fast rør 10, som nederst bærer et spulehoved 12. Inde i røret 10 findes en aksel 14, som drives af en turbine i. huset 4, og som driver spulehovedet 12 rundt, hvorved en tandkrans ved den nedre ende af røret 10 fremkalder en rotation af en vandret aksel 16 i hovedet 12. Denne aksel bærer en eller flere radialt udstående sprøjtedyser 18, hvortil der føres rensevæske gennem delene 10,12 og 16. Et sådant dobbeltroterende spulehoved er kendt fra andre apparattyper og skal derfor ikke beskrives nærmere her.In FIG. 1, the top 2 of a tank is shown in which the apparatus shown is fixedly mounted. It comprises an apparatus housing 4 having a connecting flange 6 for a cleaning fluid at the top 6 and a downwardly extending, fixed pipe 10, which carries a flushing head 12. At the bottom there is a shaft 14 which is operated. of a turbine in the housing 4, which drives the coil head 12, whereby a toothed rim at the lower end of the tube 10 causes a rotation of a horizontal shaft 16 in the head 12. This shaft carries one or more radially projecting spray nozzles 18 to which cleaning fluid is passed through parts 10, 12 and 16. Such a double-rotating flush head is known from other types of apparatus and is therefore not to be described in detail herein.

Ved den øvre ende af huset 4 er der i dette lejret et fra flangen 6 lige nedadførende rør 20, som fører ned til den nævnte, med 22 betegnede turbine, hvorfra den tilførte væske udtræder i huset 4 gennem afgangsåbninger 24. Turbinen 22 driver en indgangsaksel på et gearhus 26 lejret i den nedre ende af huset 4, og den nævnte aksel 14 betegner udgangsakslen fra dette gearhus.At the upper end of the housing 4 there is in this bearing a downwardly extending pipe 20 downstream of the flange 6, which leads down to the said turbine 22, from which the supplied liquid exits in the housing 4 through outlet openings 24. The turbine 22 drives an input shaft. on a gear housing 26 located at the lower end of the housing 4, and said shaft 14 denotes the output shaft from this gear housing.

I rørstykket 20 er der i afstand ovenover turbinen 22 udformet vægåbninger 28, som udvendigt kan tildækkes mere eller mindre af en omgivende pladering 30, der kan bevæges ved hjælp af en transmission 32 mellem denne del og en øvre, automatisk eller manuel betjeningsenhed 34 øverst på huset 4. Der kan herved skabes en ønsket opdeling mellem væskestrømmen til turbinen 22 og den væskestrøm, som gennem åbningen eller åbningerne 28 vil udtræde i huset 4 direkte fra røret 20. Hele væskestrømmen vil blive ført til spulehovedet 12 uden noget stort tryktab, men ved hjælp af ventilsystemet 28,30 kan det bestemmes, hvor stor en del af strømmen, der ledes gennem turbinen 22, hvorved bevægelseshastigheden af spulehovedet 12 kan styres efter ønske. Dette vil kunne styres dynamisk fra en computer, som vist ved 35.In the pipe section 20, wall openings 28 are formed at a distance above the turbine 22, which can be covered externally more or less by a surrounding plate 30, which can be moved by a transmission 32 between this part and an upper, automatic or manual control unit 34 at the top of the housing 4. Hereby a desired partition can be created between the fluid flow to the turbine 22 and the fluid flow which will exit through the opening or openings 28 in the housing 4 directly from the pipe 20. The entire fluid flow will be fed to the coil head 12 without any major pressure loss, but at by means of the valve system 28.30, it is possible to determine how much of the flow is passed through the turbine 22, whereby the speed of movement of the coil head 12 can be controlled as desired. This can be controlled dynamically from a computer, as shown at 35.

Det skal bemærkes, at det normalt vil være tilstrækkeligt at føre en ret beskeden del af strømmen gennem turbinen, således at det dertil hørende trykfald 6 6DK 94 00062 U3 på ingen måde vil være dominerende. Modsvarende vil trykfaldet fra røret 20 gennem åbningerne 28 og ned til spulehovedet 12 være yderst ringe.It should be noted that it will usually suffice to pass a fairly modest portion of the flow through the turbine so that the associated pressure drop 6 6DK 94 00062 U3 will in no way be dominant. Similarly, the pressure drop from the tube 20 through the openings 28 and down to the bobbin head 12 will be extremely low.

I fig. 2 er den øvre del af apparatet vist mere detailleret, men i øvrigt på næsten selvforklarende måde, således at en nærmere omtale kan indskrænkes til et minimum. Ventilpladeringen 30 er udført med indvendig gevindforbindelse til rørstykket 20 og med en udvendig fortanding 40, som er i indgreb med et tandhjul 42 på en opragende spindel 44 tilsluttet den øvre betjeningsenhed 34. Denne er vist som toppen af spindelen 44, der kan påsættes et håndhjul, men der kan også anvendes en forbindelse til en fjernstyret betjeningsmotor.In FIG. 2, the upper part of the apparatus is shown in more detail, but otherwise in an almost self-explanatory way, so that further discussion can be reduced to a minimum. The valve plate 30 is made with an internal threaded connection to the pipe piece 20 and with an external tooth 40 which engages a gear 42 on a supporting spindle 44 connected to the upper control unit 34. This is shown as the top of the spindle 44 which can be mounted on a handwheel. , but a connection can also be used for a remote control motor.

På turbinen 22 er turbinebladene omgivet af en ydre løbering 46, der bidrager til en høj effektivitet. Lige over turbinen er anbragt stationære ledeskovle 48.On the turbine 22, the turbine blades are surrounded by an outer running ring 46, which contributes to high efficiency. Just above the turbine are stationary guide vanes 48.

Den med 50 betegnede turbineaksel trækker på et øvre tandhjul 52 i gearkassen 26, og gennem flere udvekslinger trækker et nedre tandhjul 54 på en udgangsaksel 56, der er koblet til den nedragende aksel 14. Gearkassen er af forseglet, smørefri type, hvorved apparatet er velegnet også til montering i tanke for f.eks. levnedsmidler og kemikalier.The turbine shaft designated by 50 pulls on an upper sprocket 52 of the gearbox 26, and through several gears pulls a lower sprocket 54 on an output shaft 56 coupled to the bearing shaft 14. The gearbox is of a sealed, lubricant-free type, making the apparatus suitable also for mounting in tanks for e.g. food and chemicals.

Den tilførte væske strømmer eller trykkes ud i apparathuset 4 gennem åbningerne 28 og 24 og derfra gennem et bundhul 58 til et afgangskammer 60, hvorfra det nedadførende rør 10 udgår.The supplied liquid flows or is pushed into the apparatus housing 4 through the openings 28 and 24 and thence through a bottom hole 58 to an outlet chamber 60, from which the downwardly extending pipe 10 exits.

Reguleringsåbningerne 28 er vist med rektangulær form, men det kan i praksis foretrækkes at lade dem være tilspidsende opefter, for opnåelse af en finere regulering i det område, hvor åbningerne kun er svagt åbne.The control apertures 28 are shown in rectangular shape, but in practice it may be preferable to leave them tapered upwards, to obtain finer control in the area where the apertures are only slightly open.

Det skal dog også bemærkes, at det vil være ret sjældent, der er brug for dette reguleringsområde, da det normalt vil være den mind-ste del af væsken, der ledes gennem turbinen.However, it should also be noted that this regulatory area will be quite rare, as it will usually be the smallest portion of the fluid passing through the turbine.

Det skal fremhæves, at reguleringen af turbinens DK 94 00062 U3 7 hastighed ved det viste reguleringsprincip foregår yderst kontant med så at sige momentan virkning. Dette er vigtigt ved den omtalte cykliske styring, hvor der optimalt skal udfores hurtige reguleringer, f.eks. hvor en rensestråle passerer et knæk mellem to flader i tanken.It should be emphasized that the regulation of the turbine's DK 94 00062 U3 7 speed with the regulation principle shown is extremely cash with, so to speak, instantaneous effect. This is important in the mentioned cyclic control, where fast regulation should be carried out optimally, e.g. where a cleaning jet passes a crack between two surfaces of the tank.

Det skal nævnes, at den her benyttede betegnelse "tank" skal forstås i vid forstand, nemlig som enhver beholder, åben eller lukket, der egner sig til rensning på den angivne måde.It should be mentioned that the term "tank" used herein is to be understood in a broad sense, that is, any container, open or closed, suitable for purification in the manner specified.

Claims

A tank cleaning system, preferably for flushing cargo tanks in tankers, comprising a drive system consisting of a turbine disposed in a turbine tube and a gearbox driven by the turbine and, even via an output shaft, drives a flushing head to which the turbine is supplied with pressurized cleaning fluid and discharges the effluent to a collection chamber from which it is passed to the flushing head, which additionally is connected to the turbine supply side through an adjustable by-pass valve for adjusting the turbine's operating speed, characterized in that the turbine supply pipe for cleaning liquid is constructed as a straight pipe of appreciable extent, optionally connected to a curved pipe bend for lateral entry of the cleaning fluid and that the by-pass valve is arranged in a connection between one or more side openings in this supply pipe and the collecting chamber.

System according to claim 1, characterized in that the by-pass valve is arranged as an adjustable valve damper directly on the outside of the supply pipe.

System according to claim 2, characterized in that the supply pipe extends down into the collecting chamber, in which also the turbine is located, and that the valve damper is exposed in such a way that the by-pass liquid without conduction is pushed from the side opening directly into the collecting chamber. .

System according to claim 3, characterized in that the valve damper is constituted by an annular body arranged outside the supply pipe, optionally provided with one or more breakthroughs, which ring member is arranged to move axially or in the circumferential direction by means of actuating means having actuating means projecting through the assembly chamber. cylinder head.

System preferably according to claim 4, characterized in that the actuating means for the bypass DK 94 00062 U3 valve are connected to a remote control device located outside the assembly chamber.

System according to claim 3, characterized in that the gearbox is also arranged inside the assembly chamber, namely as a unit of the sealed, dry and lubricant-free type, which is cooled by the surrounding cleaning fluid flow through the assembly chamber below the turbine.

System according to claim 2, characterized in that the side opening or openings in the supply pipe have increasing / decreasing width as seen in the valve direction of regulation.

System according to claim 5, characterized in that it further comprises a control equipment for continuous cyclic control of the by-pass valve.

System according to claim 1, characterized in that a discharge chamber is formed below the bottom of the assembly chamber which directs the liquid from the assembly chamber to a downpipe around the downward output shaft of the gearbox.

System according to claim 1, characterized in that the coil head is of a double rotating type, with one or more nozzles which are continuously rotated in a vertical plane of rotation at the same time as they are rotated in a horizontal plane.