DK649188A - PROCEDURE FOR THE ALKYLING OF AROMATIC COMPOUNDS - Google Patents
PROCEDURE FOR THE ALKYLING OF AROMATIC COMPOUNDSInfo
- Publication number
- DK649188A DK649188A DK649188A DK649188A DK649188A DK 649188 A DK649188 A DK 649188A DK 649188 A DK649188 A DK 649188A DK 649188 A DK649188 A DK 649188A DK 649188 A DK649188 A DK 649188A
- Authority
- DK
- Denmark
- Prior art keywords
- aromatic compounds
- biphenyl
- benzene
- alkyling
- isomers
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/10—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
- B01J20/16—Alumino-silicates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C41/00—Preparation of ethers; Preparation of compounds having groups, groups or groups
- C07C41/01—Preparation of ethers
- C07C41/18—Preparation of ethers by reactions not forming ether-oxygen bonds
- C07C41/30—Preparation of ethers by reactions not forming ether-oxygen bonds by increasing the number of carbon atoms, e.g. by oligomerisation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
- B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- B01J29/18—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the mordenite type
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms
- C07C2/02—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms by addition between unsaturated hydrocarbons
- C07C2/04—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms by addition between unsaturated hydrocarbons by oligomerisation of well-defined unsaturated hydrocarbons without ring formation
- C07C2/06—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms by addition between unsaturated hydrocarbons by oligomerisation of well-defined unsaturated hydrocarbons without ring formation of alkenes, i.e. acyclic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
- C07C2/08—Catalytic processes
- C07C2/14—Catalytic processes with inorganic acids; with salts or anhydrides of acids
- C07C2/16—Acids of sulfur; Salts thereof; Sulfur oxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms
- C07C2/54—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms by addition of unsaturated hydrocarbons to saturated hydrocarbons or to hydrocarbons containing a six-membered aromatic ring with no unsaturation outside the aromatic ring
- C07C2/64—Addition to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C2/66—Catalytic processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms
- C07C2/86—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms by condensation between a hydrocarbon and a non-hydrocarbon
- C07C2/862—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms by condensation between a hydrocarbon and a non-hydrocarbon the non-hydrocarbon contains only oxygen as hetero-atoms
- C07C2/864—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms by condensation between a hydrocarbon and a non-hydrocarbon the non-hydrocarbon contains only oxygen as hetero-atoms the non-hydrocarbon is an alcohol
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C37/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C37/11—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring by reactions increasing the number of carbon atoms
- C07C37/14—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring by reactions increasing the number of carbon atoms by addition reactions, i.e. reactions involving at least one carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2529/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- C07C2529/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites, pillared clays
- C07C2529/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- C07C2529/18—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the mordenite type
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2601/00—Systems containing only non-condensed rings
- C07C2601/12—Systems containing only non-condensed rings with a six-membered ring
- C07C2601/14—The ring being saturated
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
Aromatic compounds, such as benzene or biphenyl, are alkylated with an alkylating agent, such as propylene, in the presence of an acidic mordenite zeolite catalyst under conditions sufficient to produce a mixture of substituted polycyclic aromatic compounds enriched in the para alkylated isomers, such as p-diisopropyl-benzene or p,p min -di(isopropyl)biphenyl, respectively. The novel acidic mordenite catalyst is characterized by its silica/alumina molar ratio, its porosity, and Symmetry Index. The p,p min -disubstituted isomers of aromatic compounds are useful as monomers in the preparation of thermotropic, liquid crystal polymers.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US07/123,741 US4891448A (en) | 1987-11-23 | 1987-11-23 | Alkylation of polycyclic aromatic compounds to alkylates enriched in the para-substituted isomers |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DK649188D0 DK649188D0 (en) | 1988-11-21 |
DK649188A true DK649188A (en) | 1989-05-24 |
Family
ID=22410599
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DK649188A DK649188A (en) | 1987-11-23 | 1988-11-21 | PROCEDURE FOR THE ALKYLING OF AROMATIC COMPOUNDS |
Country Status (17)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4891448A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0317907B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2688430B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR910006253B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN1024654C (en) |
AT (1) | ATE142187T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU609903B2 (en) |
BR (1) | BR8806201A (en) |
CA (1) | CA1322744C (en) |
DE (1) | DE3855508T2 (en) |
DK (1) | DK649188A (en) |
ES (1) | ES2091182T3 (en) |
FI (1) | FI91390C (en) |
IL (1) | IL88425A (en) |
MY (1) | MY103483A (en) |
NO (1) | NO171553C (en) |
NZ (1) | NZ226979A (en) |
Families Citing this family (54)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5004841A (en) * | 1987-11-23 | 1991-04-02 | The Dow Chemical Company | Alkylation of aromatic compounds to alkylates enriched in the linear-substituted isomers |
GB8729555D0 (en) * | 1987-12-18 | 1988-02-03 | Shell Int Research | Alkylation process |
ES2007545A6 (en) * | 1988-08-03 | 1989-06-16 | Petroquimica Espanola S A Petr | Alkylation of aromatic hydrocarbons in a fixed bed catalytic process. |
US5157158A (en) * | 1988-08-03 | 1992-10-20 | Petroquimica Espanola, S.A. Petresa | Alkylation of aromatic hydrocarbons |
US5026942A (en) * | 1988-10-05 | 1991-06-25 | Catalytica, Inc. | Process for selective diisopropylation of naphthyl compounds using shape selective acidic crystalline molecular sieve catalysts |
US5003122A (en) * | 1988-10-05 | 1991-03-26 | Catalytica, Inc. | Process for selective diisopropylation of naphthyl compounds using shape selective acidic crystalline molecular sieve catalysts |
FR2638157B1 (en) * | 1988-10-26 | 1991-04-19 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | PROCESS FOR PRODUCING ALKYLBENZENES USING A MODIFIED MORDENITE-BASED CATALYST |
US5017735A (en) * | 1989-07-24 | 1991-05-21 | Catalytica, Inc. | Selective sorption of 2,6-diisopropylnaphthalene |
US5026940A (en) * | 1989-09-08 | 1991-06-25 | Catalytica, Inc. | Manufacture of 4,4'-diisopropylbiphenyl |
DE69012103T2 (en) * | 1989-12-05 | 1995-04-06 | Osaka Gas Co Ltd | METHOD FOR PRODUCING 4,4'-DIISOPROPYLBIPHENYL. |
JPH06239771A (en) * | 1989-12-22 | 1994-08-30 | Dow Chem Co:The | Method and catalytic composition for alkylation of benzene or substituted benzene or transalkylation of alkylated benzene |
WO1992012222A1 (en) * | 1991-01-04 | 1992-07-23 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Lubricant adducts and their preparation |
US5552071A (en) * | 1991-01-04 | 1996-09-03 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Alkylated diphenyl ether lubricants |
DE69129843T2 (en) * | 1991-03-21 | 1999-03-11 | Solutia Europe N.V./S.A., Bruessel/Bruxelles | Improved catalytic process for the selective alkylation of aromatic hydrocarbons |
US5286396A (en) * | 1991-04-17 | 1994-02-15 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Alkylated phenoxathin base stock for lubricants |
US5372734A (en) * | 1991-05-17 | 1994-12-13 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Alkylated benzothiophene-derived lubricants |
US5145817A (en) * | 1991-05-24 | 1992-09-08 | The Dow Chemical Company | Alkylation process using dual metal ultrastable Y zeolite |
WO1993000317A1 (en) * | 1991-06-21 | 1993-01-07 | The Dow Chemical Company | Alkylation of aromatic compounds |
US5138022A (en) * | 1991-08-01 | 1992-08-11 | The Dow Chemical Company | Thermoplastic polyesters containing biphenylene linkages |
EP0528096B1 (en) * | 1991-08-21 | 1998-05-27 | Solutia Europe N.V./S.A. | Catalytic process for the selective alkylation of polycyclic aromatic compounds |
US5371248A (en) * | 1991-08-22 | 1994-12-06 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Alkylated benzofuran-derived lubricants |
US6313075B1 (en) * | 1991-08-29 | 2001-11-06 | Leslie R. Rudnick | Alkylated thianthrene lubricants |
CH683918A5 (en) * | 1991-12-04 | 1994-06-15 | Uetikon Chemie Ag | A process for the preparation of nitrobenzene. |
CH683919A5 (en) * | 1992-01-15 | 1994-06-15 | Uetikon Chemie Ag | A process for the preparation of nitrobenzene. |
US5288922A (en) * | 1992-07-16 | 1994-02-22 | The Dow Chemical Company | Process of preparing diaryl ethers over a dealuminated zeolite catalyst |
US5600045A (en) * | 1993-12-02 | 1997-02-04 | The Dow Chemical Company | Process for conversion of crude hydrocarbon mixtures |
US5508019A (en) * | 1994-06-30 | 1996-04-16 | Arco Chemical Technology, L.P. | Dealumination of aluminosilicates |
DE69617495D1 (en) * | 1995-03-08 | 2002-01-17 | Solutia Inc | Thorium dioxide catalyst |
DE19525682A1 (en) * | 1995-07-14 | 1997-01-16 | Basf Ag | Process for the preparation of diarylethanes |
US5877384A (en) * | 1996-02-12 | 1999-03-02 | The M. W. Kellogg Company | Apparatus and process for separating reaction effluent in the manufacture of cumene |
JP2000516248A (en) | 1996-08-20 | 2000-12-05 | ザ ダウ ケミカル カンパニー | Method for producing alkylated benzene |
DE69812968T2 (en) * | 1997-08-18 | 2004-02-12 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc., Baytown | METHOD FOR ALKYLATING AN AROMATE WITH A DILUTED GAS FLOW CONTAINING PROPYLENE AND ETHYLENE |
WO2000039061A1 (en) * | 1998-12-30 | 2000-07-06 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Preparation of alkylated diphenyl oxides |
US6407292B1 (en) | 1998-12-30 | 2002-06-18 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Preparation of alkylated diphenyl oxides |
AU2596500A (en) * | 1998-12-30 | 2000-07-31 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Method for the production of arylsulfides and compositions made therefrom |
IT1313008B1 (en) * | 1999-07-13 | 2002-05-29 | Enichem Spa | PROCESS FOR THE ALKYLATION OF AROMATIC COMPOUNDS. |
RU2319687C2 (en) * | 2003-11-12 | 2008-03-20 | Дженерал Электрик Компани | 4,4'-diisopropylbiphenyl production process |
US6964935B2 (en) * | 2004-03-12 | 2005-11-15 | Chevron Oronite Company Llc. | Mordenite zeolite alkylation catalysts |
US6977319B2 (en) * | 2004-03-12 | 2005-12-20 | Chevron Oronite Company Llc | Alkylated aromatic compositions, zeolite catalyst compositions and processes for making the same |
US7626064B1 (en) * | 2008-06-26 | 2009-12-01 | Uop Llc | Transalkylation process |
US8450232B2 (en) * | 2009-01-14 | 2013-05-28 | Lummus Technology Inc. | Catalysts useful for the alkylation of aromatic hydrocarbons |
JP2010229104A (en) * | 2009-03-27 | 2010-10-14 | Mitsubishi Chemicals Corp | Method for producing alkyl aromatic compound |
CN101549873B (en) * | 2009-05-11 | 2011-08-03 | 曾玉彬 | Surface active agent modification zeolites, method of preparing thereof and usage |
CN102844115B (en) * | 2010-06-10 | 2015-12-09 | 宇部兴产株式会社 | Alkylated reaction catalyst and employ the manufacture method of alkyl aromatic hydrocarbon compound of this catalyst |
JP6162693B2 (en) * | 2011-06-24 | 2017-07-12 | ブルーワー サイエンス アイ エヌ シー. | Highly soluble carbon nanotubes with improved conductivity |
CN102909052B (en) * | 2011-08-01 | 2014-12-10 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Mordenite-containing catalyst, and preparation method and application thereof |
CN102909051B (en) * | 2011-08-01 | 2014-12-31 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Catalyst containing modified mordenite, and preparation method and applications thereof |
CN102923727B (en) * | 2012-11-08 | 2017-07-14 | 上海华谊(集团)公司 | A kind of silicoaluminophosphamolecular molecular sieve of hierarchical porous structure and its preparation method and application |
CN107345139B (en) * | 2016-05-06 | 2020-12-22 | 北京八亿时空液晶科技股份有限公司 | Liquid crystal compound with negative dielectric anisotropy of isoamyl and application thereof |
CN107345138B (en) * | 2016-05-06 | 2021-01-15 | 北京八亿时空液晶科技股份有限公司 | Isobutyl liquid crystal compound, preparation method and application |
CN107345141B (en) * | 2016-05-06 | 2021-01-15 | 北京八亿时空液晶科技股份有限公司 | Liquid crystal compound with negative dielectric anisotropy of isoamyl and application thereof |
CN108530246B (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2021-03-30 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method for producing n-propylbenzene from benzene and propylene |
CN111454130A (en) * | 2020-04-20 | 2020-07-28 | 中国日用化学研究院有限公司 | Process for preparing alkyl diphenyl ether by catalyzing reaction of olefin and diphenyl ether with solid acid |
CN115368935A (en) * | 2022-08-25 | 2022-11-22 | 河南本色化工科技有限责任公司 | Preparation method of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon compound |
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GB983756A (en) * | 1961-01-04 | 1965-02-17 | Norton Co | Synthetic zeolites and process of preparing the same |
BE626790A (en) * | 1962-01-08 | |||
US3251897A (en) * | 1962-12-20 | 1966-05-17 | Socony Mobil Oil Co Inc | Alkylation of aromatic compounds in the presence of an alumino-silicate catalyst |
US3140253A (en) * | 1964-05-01 | 1964-07-07 | Socony Mobil Oil Co Inc | Catalytic hydrocarbon conversion with a crystalline zeolite composite catalyst |
US3367884A (en) * | 1965-12-30 | 1968-02-06 | Mobil Oil Corp | Production and use of hydrocarbon conversion catalysts comprising acid treated crystalline aluminosilicates |
US3480539A (en) * | 1966-10-14 | 1969-11-25 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Mordenite catalyst compositions |
US3597493A (en) * | 1968-01-15 | 1971-08-03 | Mobil Oil Corp | Conversion of hydrocarbons |
US3551510A (en) * | 1968-08-15 | 1970-12-29 | Universal Oil Prod Co | Alkylation-transalkylation process |
US3562345A (en) * | 1968-09-18 | 1971-02-09 | Universal Oil Prod Co | Crystalline aluminosilicate-alumina composition and transalkylation therewith |
US3597155A (en) * | 1969-02-14 | 1971-08-03 | Union Carbide Corp | Crystalline mm and process for manufacture thereof |
US3631120A (en) * | 1969-06-13 | 1971-12-28 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Alkylation of aromatic hydrocarbons |
GB1261616A (en) * | 1969-11-12 | 1972-01-26 | Norton Co | Production of a crystalline zeolite having reduced alumina content |
US3641177A (en) * | 1969-11-26 | 1972-02-08 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Alkylation of aromatic hydrocarbons |
US3677973A (en) * | 1970-03-16 | 1972-07-18 | Universal Oil Prod Co | Transalkylation of alklaromatic hydrocarbons in contact with a zeolite catalyst composition |
DE2112223B2 (en) * | 1970-03-16 | 1973-12-20 | Universal Oil Products Co., Des Plaines, Ill. (V.St.A.) | Process for the production of synthetic mordenite and its use |
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US4182692A (en) * | 1973-12-03 | 1980-01-08 | Norton Company | Mordenite catalyst |
US3972832A (en) * | 1974-09-23 | 1976-08-03 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Phosphorus-containing zeolite catalyst |
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US4108908A (en) * | 1977-02-18 | 1978-08-22 | Ici Americas Inc. | Oxidative coupling of alkylphenols or 1-naphthols catalyzed by metal complexes of thio-acid compounds |
US4185040A (en) * | 1977-12-16 | 1980-01-22 | Union Oil Company Of California | Alkylation of aromatic hydrocarbons |
US4263466A (en) * | 1978-10-30 | 1981-04-21 | Union Carbide Corporation | Coupling of aryl and heteroaryl mono chlorides |
CA1136112A (en) * | 1979-01-05 | 1982-11-23 | William J. Ball | Method for producing aluminosilicates, their use as catalysts and catalytic compositions containing them |
US4240932A (en) * | 1979-01-18 | 1980-12-23 | Filtrol Corporation | Exchanged mordenite catalysts and processes for producing the same |
US4301317A (en) * | 1979-11-20 | 1981-11-17 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Preparation of 2-phenylalkanes |
US4283573A (en) * | 1979-11-20 | 1981-08-11 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Long-chain alkylphenols |
JPS56133224A (en) * | 1980-03-25 | 1981-10-19 | Mitsui Petrochem Ind Ltd | Preparation of dialkylbenzene isomeric mixture |
JPS56156222A (en) * | 1980-05-07 | 1981-12-02 | Nippon Mining Co Ltd | Preparation of alkylbiphenyl rich in m- and p- substitution product |
US4371714A (en) * | 1980-12-30 | 1983-02-01 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Preparation of 4-alkylanisoles and phenols |
US4361713A (en) * | 1981-06-26 | 1982-11-30 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Para-selective zeolite catalysts treated with halogen compounds |
IT1139860B (en) * | 1981-11-27 | 1986-09-24 | Montedison Spa | PROCESS FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF NORTHENITIC STRUCTURE ZEOLITES WITH HIGH CATALYTIC ACTIVITY |
FR2519335B1 (en) * | 1982-01-04 | 1986-05-02 | Azote & Prod Chim | PRODUCTION OF HYDROCARBONS FROM METHANOL IN THE PRESENCE OF ZEOLITE TYPE CATALYSTS |
JPS58159427A (en) * | 1982-03-18 | 1983-09-21 | Mitsui Petrochem Ind Ltd | Preparation of isomeric mixture of dialkylbenzene |
US4480142A (en) * | 1982-11-04 | 1984-10-30 | Phillips Petroleum Company | Catalytic alkylation |
EP0202752B1 (en) * | 1985-04-22 | 1991-09-18 | Imperial Chemical Industries Plc | Alkylation process |
JPH06104630B2 (en) * | 1986-11-11 | 1994-12-21 | 三井石油化学工業株式会社 | Method for producing alkyl group-substituted aromatic hydrocarbon |
JPS63122635A (en) * | 1986-11-11 | 1988-05-26 | Mitsui Petrochem Ind Ltd | Production of p,p'-dialkylbiphenyl |
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JPH0764760B2 (en) * | 1987-03-13 | 1995-07-12 | 呉羽化学工業株式会社 | Paraphenyl selective alkylation process |
-
1987
- 1987-11-23 US US07/123,741 patent/US4891448A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1988
- 1988-11-16 AU AU25617/88A patent/AU609903B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1988-11-16 NZ NZ226979A patent/NZ226979A/en unknown
- 1988-11-18 DE DE3855508T patent/DE3855508T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-11-18 AT AT88119175T patent/ATE142187T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-11-18 EP EP88119175A patent/EP0317907B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-11-18 ES ES88119175T patent/ES2091182T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-11-21 MY MYPI88001327A patent/MY103483A/en unknown
- 1988-11-21 DK DK649188A patent/DK649188A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1988-11-21 IL IL88425A patent/IL88425A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-11-22 FI FI885405A patent/FI91390C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-11-22 CA CA000583763A patent/CA1322744C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-11-22 NO NO885197A patent/NO171553C/en unknown
- 1988-11-22 JP JP63293734A patent/JP2688430B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-11-22 KR KR1019880015334A patent/KR910006253B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-11-22 BR BR888806201A patent/BR8806201A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1988-11-23 CN CN88108044A patent/CN1024654C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NO885197D0 (en) | 1988-11-22 |
EP0317907A2 (en) | 1989-05-31 |
NZ226979A (en) | 1991-06-25 |
NO171553B (en) | 1992-12-21 |
IL88425A0 (en) | 1989-06-30 |
KR910006253B1 (en) | 1991-08-19 |
NO885197L (en) | 1989-05-24 |
KR890008061A (en) | 1989-07-08 |
EP0317907B1 (en) | 1996-09-04 |
FI91390C (en) | 1994-06-27 |
DE3855508T2 (en) | 1997-03-27 |
AU609903B2 (en) | 1991-05-09 |
ATE142187T1 (en) | 1996-09-15 |
DE3855508D1 (en) | 1996-10-10 |
NO171553C (en) | 1993-03-31 |
FI885405A0 (en) | 1988-11-22 |
FI885405A (en) | 1989-05-24 |
CA1322744C (en) | 1993-10-05 |
IL88425A (en) | 1992-07-15 |
JP2688430B2 (en) | 1997-12-10 |
FI91390B (en) | 1994-03-15 |
AU2561788A (en) | 1989-05-25 |
CN1042897A (en) | 1990-06-13 |
ES2091182T3 (en) | 1996-11-01 |
MY103483A (en) | 1993-06-30 |
DK649188D0 (en) | 1988-11-21 |
EP0317907A3 (en) | 1990-11-28 |
JPH01165531A (en) | 1989-06-29 |
BR8806201A (en) | 1989-08-15 |
US4891448A (en) | 1990-01-02 |
CN1024654C (en) | 1994-05-25 |
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