DK2816168T3

DK2816168T3 - Formwork stone for connection with a concrete cover

Info

Publication number: DK2816168T3
Application number: DK14168928.1T
Authority: DK
Inventors: Friedrich Gebhart
Original assignee: Baustoffwerke Gebhart & Söhne Gmbh & Co Kg
Priority date: 2013-05-24
Filing date: 2014-05-20
Publication date: 2016-08-15
Also published as: EP2816168B8; DE202013102272U1; EP2816168A2; EP2816168B1; EP2816168A3

Description

Cladding stone for connection with a concrete ceiling Description

The invention relates to a formwork block for connecting to a concrete floor, having an insulating layer of which the first side surface is directed towards an outer shell of the formwork block and is connected thereto, and the opposite, second side surface thereof is directed towards the concrete floor which is to be connected to the formwork block.

The invention additionally relates to a building with a concrete floor, wherein the concrete floor is provided on at least one of its side edges with a formwork block.

Formwork blocks are sufficiently well known from the prior art, with reference being made for example to EP 628 673 B1 and FR 2 887 905 Al.

Formwork blocks usually have a formwork made of lightweight concrete on the inner and/or outer side, between which, or in connection with which, an insulating layer is arranged. The formwork itself is usually made from lightweight concrete. The insulating layer is usually connected to the associated block side using positive-locking and/or force-fitting connections.

Formwork blocks made of concrete, brick or other materials are also known.

Formwork blocks which have both an outer shell and an inner shell with an intermediate insulating layer are often used. This is designated as a classical cavity wall. With regard to their excellent thermal insulation, thermal storage and ability to achieve very good sound insulation, such blocks are proven in practice.

There are particular requirements in the field of concrete floors, which are to be understood in the context of the invention as including both floors or ceilings between storeys, as well as foundations. To enable filling of the concrete floor and in order to support the concrete floor, this rests at least partially on the walls underneath it. In the case of formwork blocks with an outer shell and an inner shell, it can be provided that the concrete floor rests on the inner formwork of the formwork blocks.

In order to also obtain thermal insulation in the plane of the concrete floor, an insulated connecting element is joined to the concrete floor on the outside, which in addition to the thermal insulation of the concrete floor is also provided to be inserted flush into the outside wall of the building, i.e. flush in relation to the outside of the walls underneath it. It is known to use a formwork block for this purpose, which has only one outer shell and an insulating layer joined thereto. This formwork block must then be connected to the edge of the concrete floor. This is carried out in such a way that the insulating layer abuts against the side edge of the concrete floor. This presents the particular challenge that the outer shell of the formwork block to be connected to the concrete floor supports the weight of other blocks to be installed when building the next storey. A correspondingly large compressive force thus acts parallel to the wall on the outer shell of the formwork block to be connected to the concrete floor, which must be intercepted and directed into the concrete floor.

In practice, the necessary support of the outer shell is obtained using a so-called corbel. Such corbels are manufactured from stainless steel and can be connected to the side edge of the concrete floor in a similar manner to a shelf, for which purpose C-rails embedded in the concrete floor can be used. The block which is then to be connected to the side edge of the concrete floor is placed on the shelflike stainless steel corbel. Compressive forces acting on the block are therefore directed into the concrete floor via the stainless steel corbel.

It is known that Schock Bauteile GmbH, Baden-Baden, supplies corbels or Isokorbs®, which have an elaborate stainless steel reinforcing armour with which the tensile and compressive forces can be transmitted. These Isokorbs® have a structure that comprises a stainless steel triangle, in order to be able to break down the compressive and tensile forces. The armoured coatings which are used for this purpose extend relatively far into the concrete floor, to be able to ensure absorption of the tensile and compressive forces. A disadvantage of the known solutions is that they are comparatively expensive. These involve load-bearing elements which, in order to avoid corrosion, must be made of stainless steel. Another disadvantage is the fact that the stainless steel corbels or the stainless steel Isokorbs® penetrate into the area of the outside of the wall, which means a cold bridge is formed that extends into the concrete floor. This causes deterioration of the thermal insulation.

The object of the present invention is therefore to create a formwork block which can be simply, cost-effectively and reliably connected to a concrete floor and facilitates a good thermal insulation.

This object is achieved according to the invention by the characterizing part of Claim 1.

An advantageous building with a concrete floor, which is connected to a formwork block on at least one of its side edges, is obtained from Claim 13.

Due to the fact that the formwork block according to the invention comprises at least one crosspiece made from a stable material, which extends from the outer shell in the direction of the concrete floor which is to be connected, and due to the fact that the crosspiece is able to find support on the concrete floor when the formwork block is installed correctly, a particularly advantageous, reliable and cost-effective facility is created for directing compressive forces exerted on the formwork block into the concrete floor. In contrast to the prior art, neither a stainless steel corbel nor a stainless steel Isokorb® with elaborately designed reinforcement inserts is necessary to achieve this. The inventor has discovered that it is sufficient to provide a crosspiece made from a self-supporting material for this purpose. Compared to the known stainless steel elements for transferring compressive forces, the crosspiece has the crucial advantage that a cost-effective production is possible and a considerably better thermal insulation is obtained compared with the use of stainless steel elements.

The crosspiece can be made, for example, from concrete, in particular lightweight concrete, brick or other known stable material for manufacturing constructional blocks.

In the following description a particularly advantageous embodiment of the at least one crosspiece made from lightweight concrete is presented, instead of which it is also possible to use any concrete or brick or any other viable stable material, in particular a material which is used for manufacturing constructional blocks. The following description is accordingly to be understood as also referring to these embodiments of the crosspiece. All of the following features which are presented hereafter by reference to concrete or lightweight concrete, in particular with regard to the crosspiece or the outer shell, can also be realized if the crosspiece or the outer shell consist of any stable material, such as a material from which construction blocks are formed, e.g. brick.

The outer shell and the at least one crosspiece can preferably be implemented from the same material. In doing so, it can be provided that at least one crosspiece, but also multiple crosspieces or one of multiple crosspieces formed from concrete, preferably lightweight concrete, integrally with the outer shell. An integral design of the outer shell in any stable material with at least one crosspiece is also recommended when at least one of the crosspieces forms a side wall of the formwork block, as will be explained in more detail hereafter. The formwork block, viewed in cross-section, can therefore have an L-shaped profile, for example, wherein in this case one side wall is designed as a crosspiece and is preferably produced integrally with the outer shell. Alternatively, the formwork block viewed in cross section can also have a U-shape, wherein in this case preferably both side walls are designed as crosspieces and preferably produced integrally with the outer formwork from concrete, preferably lightweight concrete.

The formwork block according to the invention has at least one connecting anchor with a first end which projects beyond the first side surface of the insulating layer and is secured in position in relation to the outer shell. The second end projects beyond the second side surface of the insulating layer such that the second end is enclosed in the concrete layer when the formwork block is installed correctly. The use of the connecting anchor enables the formwork block according to the invention to also absorb and transmit tensile forces.

The inventor has separated out the forces acting on the formwork block that must be directed into the concrete floor. The at least one side edge made of lightweight concrete performs the direction of the compressive forces into the concrete floor, while the at least one connecting anchor absorbs tensile forces and therefore prevents the formwork block from being tipped outwards by the concrete floor, in particular as a result of the weight forces acting on the outer shell.

The connecting anchor according to the invention enables tensile forces to be absorbed particularly easily. The inventor has discovered that due to the features according to the invention, the connecting anchor can be secured to the outer shell, or fixed in the outer shell, simply, quickly and reliably. In the normal usage of the formwork block the securing is performed at least in a direction perpendicular to the outer shell, i.e. so that the connecting anchor cannot move away from the outer shell or towards it. In this case the second end of the connecting anchor, due to the fact that this projects beyond the second side surface of the insulating layer, can be enclosed into or incorporated into the concrete floor to which the formwork block is to be connected. As a rule, this will be readily performed when filling the concrete floor. The second end of the connecting anchor is also secured by this measure. In normal usage the secure attachment is effected at least in a direction perpendicular to the outer shell of the formwork block, so that the connecting anchor cannot move away in the direction of the formwork block or away from it. Whether the connecting anchor, which can be an elongated element, for example, can rotate about its axis, is of secondary importance in this case.

According to the invention it can be provided that the side of the formwork block facing away from the outer shell abuts against the concrete floor, or is fixed in the concrete floor. Preferably, the side of the formwork block facing away from the outer shell is formed by the second side surface of the insulating layer and by a suitably adapted surface of the at least one crosspiece.

The formwork block is preferably connected to the concrete floor in such a way that the lower side of the formwork block extends level with the lower side of the concrete floor. The term ‘level with’ in this context is also to be understood to mean that the formwork block, either for tolerance reasons or due to a mortar layer, is arranged slightly higher or slightly lower than the lower side of the concrete floor. The upper side of the formwork block is preferably arranged level with the upper side of the concrete floor, wherein a slight height offset is also possible here.

According to the invention it can be provided that the formwork block has a substantially horizontal lower side and a substantially horizontal upper side when the formwork block is correctly connected to the concrete floor. Furthermore, the formwork block comprises four side walls, which extend at right angles to the upper side and the lower side of the formwork block and extend substantially in a vertical plane when the formwork block is correctly installed. In each case, two side walls are located opposite one another. The side walls bound the formwork block. In accordance with the invention it can be provided that the formwork block with the side wall, which extends plane-parallel to the outer shell but is not identical thereto, abuts against the concrete floor.

According to the invention it is provided that between the first side surface of the insulating layer and the outer shell, a pocket is formed, which can be filled with concrete and in which the first end of the at least one connecting anchor terminates. A rigid and permanent connection is therefore produced between the first end of the connecting anchor and the outer shell. The inside of the outer shell adjacent to the pocket and/or the first side surface adjacent to the pocket, or the part of the first side surface of the insulating layer which is adjacent to the pocket, can be provided with a suitable design that produces a force-fitting and/or positivefitting connection between the concrete to be poured into the pocket and the first side surface of the insulating layer and/or the inside of the outer formwork.

It is advantageous if the at least one connecting anchor extends through the insulating layer, and extends in the area of an upper side of the formwork block.

These features can also be implemented independently of each other. The fact that the connecting anchor passes through the insulating layer has the advantage that the connecting anchor can be guided particularly easily from the first side surface of the insulating layer, at which this is secured on the outer shell or connected to it, to the second side surface of the insulating layer or beyond this, to allow a connection to be produced with the concrete floor.

An arrangement of the connecting anchor in the area of the upper side of the formwork block has proved particularly suitable, since in this area the compressive forces can be absorbed particularly well.

It is advantageous if the at least one connecting anchor extends parallel and adjacent to the at least one crosspiece.

An arrangement adjacent to the crosspiece has proved particularly suitable for absorbing the forces. The crosspiece transmits the compressive forces, while the connecting anchor ensures the tensile stresses are directed into the concrete floor. This is possible in a particularly advantageous way if the tensile reinforcement, in this case the connecting anchor, is arranged as closely as possible to the crosspiece transmitting the compressive forces. The specific arrangement also depends on the longitudinal extent of the pocket for receiving the concrete, in particular if a parallel course of the connecting anchor to the side edge is to be achieved.

The connecting anchor and the side edges are preferably perpendicular to the main surface of the outer shell in the direction of the concrete floor to be connected.

It is advantageous if an inner side of the formwork block, which is turned towards the concrete floor to be connected, is substantially formed by the second side surface of the insulating layer and the rear side of the at least one crosspiece, which is suitable for being supported on the concrete floor to be connected.

On the inner side of the formwork block therefore, no elaborate structure is necessary, for example, no inner shell made of lightweight concrete. The inner side of the formwork block can preferably be formed by the second side surface of the insulating layer and the rear side of the crosspiece or crosspieces alone.

It is advantageous if the at least one crosspiece projects beyond the second side surface of the insulating layer in the direction of the concrete floor which is to be connected.

This solution enables the crosspiece to be supported on the concrete floor in a particularly advantageous way, and fixed thereto or partially enclosed thereby. In addition, by offsetting the second side surface of the insulating layer in the direction of the concrete floor in relation to the crosspiece, a recess or, for example if more than one side edges are used, a free space, is created which can be advantageously used for making the second ends of the connecting anchors project beyond the second side surface of the insulating layer, without these protruding beyond the rear side of the crosspiece or crosspieces.

Because the at least one crosspiece projects, this enables the formwork block according to the invention to be rigidly connected to the concrete floor in a particularly advantageous way, so that compressive forces can be particularly advantageously directed. The concrete of the concrete floor thus adjoins this on at least one section of a side surface and on the rear side of the crosspiece, and therefore fixes it in position in a rigid and stable manner. The transmission of forces from the formwork block into the concrete floor is significantly improved if the formwork block not only abuts against the concrete floor but protrudes into it with the crosspiece. A projection of the crosspiece in the direction of the concrete floor beyond the insulating layer is also of particular advantage when more than one crosspiece is used. In such an arrangement, all or more than one of the crosspieces can accordingly project.

When two or more crosspieces are used it may be advantageous in certain embodiments if these are offset inwards from a side wall of the formwork block. This means that it is possible that the concrete of the concrete floor abuts against the crosspiece on not only one section of a side surface of the crosspiece, but on two separate opposite facing side surfaces and the rear wall of the crosspiece.

If one, preferably two or more crosspieces are implemented which are offset inwards with respect to the side wall of the formwork block, it may be advantageous if the insulating layer is accordingly constructed of multiple parts.

It is advantageous if the outer shell and the at least one crosspiece are integrally constructed. This can involve an integral design made of concrete, in particular lightweight concrete, brick or another stable material. This results in a particularly stable construction and the resulting compressive forces can be directed particularly easily from the outer shell through the crosspiece into the concrete floor to be connected.

It is advantageous if two crosspieces are provided. In principle however, at least two crosspieces can also be provided. While it is sufficient if the formwork block has only one crosspiece, a more consistent diversion of the forces and also a more uniform distribution of the forces in the formwork block can be achieved if the latter has two crosspieces.

It is advantageous if the crosspieces form the side walls which laterally bound the formwork block.

In a design of the crosspieces as side walls, the concrete of the concrete floor essentially only adjoins to one side wall of the crosspiece, more precisely to the part of the crosspiece which projects beyond the insulating layer in the direction of the concrete floor. The other side wall of the formwork piece is usually adjoined by a side wall of the nearest adjacent formwork block. The two adjacent side walls of the two formwork blocks are then enclosed by the concrete of the concrete floor, or cemented into it in a rigid and stable manner.

The side walls and the outer shell can preferably have the same height and may also have the same thickness. In this case it can be advantageous if the junction between the outer shell and a side wall is reinforced by reinforcing the corresponding internal edges. This can be effected, for example, by the formwork block having a larger wall thickness of lightweight concrete, or the junction being concrete-lined.

The connecting anchor can preferably extend 5 mm to 40 mm, preferably 10 mm to 30 mm, particularly preferably 20 mm +/- 5 mm below the upper side of the formwork block, wherein the figures relate to a central piece of the connecting anchor.

It is advantageous if the connecting anchor is positioned in a groove, a slot or a recess on the upper side of the insulating layer. This allows the connecting anchor to be particularly easily connected to the formwork block. The groove, the slot or the recess may have a depth of 5 mm to 40 mm, preferably 10 to 30 mm, particularly preferably 20 mm +/-5 mm. This ensures that on the one hand, the connecting anchor can be positioned in the insulating layer in a stable and secure manner and on the other hand, which is particularly suitable for absorbing the tensile forces, located in the area of the upper side of the formwork block.

It is advantageous if the connecting anchor is positioned in captive fashion in the groove, the slot or the recess. For example, this can be achieved by the groove, the slot or the recess being designed in such a way that the connecting anchor can be clipped into it. Alternatively, a through hole can in principle also be provided, through which the connecting anchor is pushed, but this solution is more complicated.

It is advantageous if an opening gap of the groove, of the slot or of the recess on the upper side of the insulating layer, to position the connecting anchor, is narrower than the diameter of the connecting anchor, wherein the groove, the slot or the recess widens following the opening gap. Due to the elasticity of the insulating layer, the connecting anchor can be inserted with a certain amount of pressure and is then retained in the slot, the groove or the recess in captive fashion.

It is advantageous if the second end of the connecting anchor projects beyond the second side surface of the insulating layer, in the direction of the concrete floor which is to be connected thereto, by at least 15 mm, preferably at least 20 mm, particularly preferably at least 30 mm and quite particularly preferably 40 mm +/-5 mm. These values, in particular a value of 40 mm +/- 5 mm, have proved particularly suitable to produce a stable connection with the concrete floor.

It is advantageous if the connecting anchor has end stops at its two ends that are suitable for absorbing and dissipating a tensile load acting in the axial direction of the connecting anchor.

The end stops can have a suitable design, preferably forming a surface, which is preferably at right angles to the axial direction or the longitudinal direction of the connecting anchor, in particular the extension of the same, through the insulating layer. The end stop can have any flat shape, where appropriate also a flat shape with cutouts, for example in the form of a ring. However, it has proved particularly suitable if the surface is closed, in particular to direct the forces into the concrete as non-destructively as possible. For example, a flat disc has a significantly better resistance area compared to a ring and in particular distributes the resulting forces better. A design in the form of a disc or plate is particularly well suited.

It is advantageous if the connecting anchor comprises an elongated connecting rod, which extends at least between the end stops. The connecting rod can also protrude beyond the end stops, preferably only by a partial amount. This may be advantageous to ensure a good connection between the end stops and the connecting rod.

In the context of the invention the term connecting rod is not restricted to a rodshaped design, although a design in the form of a rod, and possibly also as a tube, is particularly suitable. In principle however, any cross-section is possible here, for example, a square or rectangular cross-section or polygonal cross-section.

It is advantageous if at least one of the end stops is designed as an end disc or end plate. A disc-shaped design has been found to be particularly suitable for transmitting the tensile forces.

It is advantageous if the diameter of the end disc is at least 3 times, preferably at least 4 times, more preferably 3 to 7 times, particularly preferably 4.5 to 5.5 times, and quite particularly preferably 5 times the diameter of the connecting rod extending between the end discs.

These values have been shown to be particularly suitable in regard to the forces to be absorbed.

It is advantageous if the connecting rod is connected in a form fitting manner to the end discs by a forming process, preferably by means of crimping. The connecting rod can thus be produced quickly and simply from preferably only three components. This avoids the need to carry out a relatively complex welding process that would in principle also be possible. Alternatively, other force-fitting, positive-fitting or materially bonded connections are also possible.

It is advantageous if the end discs each have a through hole with a neck and/or a circular projection, through which the connecting rod is pushed and crimped with the neck and/or the collar. Such a design has proved to be particularly suitable for connecting the end discs to the connecting rod. The crimping of a neck or a circular projection to the connecting rod can in particular be implemented easily and reliably. The neck or circular projection, with which the end disc can be connected to the connecting rod, has the advantage, inter alia, that the end disc is secured in position on the connecting rod in both directions. The fixing of the end disc in both directions allows the connecting anchor to be inserted safely and reliably. Alternatively any other flat end stop, e.g. an end plate, can also be connected to the connecting rod with this procedure.

It is advantageous if at least two connecting anchors are provided. The connecting anchors can be distributed evenly over the length of the formwork block. Another suitable method is an arrangement of the connecting anchors such that in the case of a series of adjacently positioned formwork blocks, it is ensured that the connecting anchors are arranged in a uniform, or at least almost uniform, grid.

It is advantageous if a connecting anchor is arranged adjacent to and parallel to each crosspiece. In a preferred design of the formwork block according to the invention with two crosspieces, which in particular are designed as side walls, each crosspiece or each side wall can be assigned the nearest adjacent connecting anchor.

It can be advantageous to provide at least two connecting anchors per formwork block.

It can also be advantageous to match the number of side edges and the number of connecting anchors to each other. A particularly advantageous formwork block is produced if this has a length of 375 mm +/- 45 mm, a height of 248 mm +/- 25 mm and a depth of 265 mm +/- 30 mm, wherein the insulating layer has a thickness of 150 mm +/- 20 mm. This represents a particularly suitable design of a formwork block, where other dimensions are of course also possible, in particular if a greater insulation thickness is desired. The dimensions can also be changed, in particular when shorter formwork blocks are necessary. A particularly advantageous building with a concrete floor is derived from Claim 13. The concrete floor in this case has on at least one of its side edges, or at least on a section of one of its side edges, a formwork block according to any one of Claims 1 to 12. Particularly advantageous concrete floors can be produced in this way.

Hereafter an exemplary embodiment of the invention is described in principle. Shown are:

Fig. 1 a schematic view of the formwork block according to the invention, which is integrated in a masonry wall and connected to a concrete floor;

Fig. 2 a plan view of two formwork blocks according to the invention in a condition in which they are connected to a concrete floor;

Fig. 3 a cross-section through a formwork block according to the invention;

Fig. 4 a schematic view of a possible distribution of the resulting weight forces F when the formwork block is connected to a concrete floor;

Fig. 5 a side view of a connecting anchor according to the invention; and

Fig. 6 a front view of the connecting anchor according to the invention along the direction of the arrow VI of Fig. 5.

Formwork blocks, in particular for the production of cavity walls, are sufficiently well known from the general prior art. From the general prior art, single-shell formwork blocks and so-called connecting or corbel blocks are also known, which are attached to frontal edges of a concrete floor to close them off externally, and in particular also to insulate them. Hereafter therefore, only the features essential to the invention are described in detail.

It is also known from the general prior art how a building, and in particular a concrete floor, are produced, and so this is not discussed in detail hereafter.

The following exemplary embodiment describes an embodiment of the invention, wherein the features identified hereafter can be replaced by the more general terms identified both in the claims and in the description. In principle, the features described in the exemplary embodiment can be generalised in accordance with the general statements of the description and be combined as required, if this is not explicitly technically excluded.

Fig. 1 shows a masonry wall 1, which is formed from conventional bricks, in the exemplary embodiment from formwork blocks, in particular from double-layer formwork blocks 2. The invention is however not limited thereto. Any type of bricks may be used.

The formwork block 2 comprises in a known manner an outer shell 2a, an inner shell 2b and an intermediate insulating layer 2c.

Fig. 1 further shows an extracted view of a concrete floor 3 with an arbitrary structure 4, e.g. with an insulation. The concrete floor 3 can be designed, for example, as a reinforced concrete floor. On a side edge 3a of the concrete floor 3, the formwork block 5 according to the present invention is connected to the concrete floor 3. The concrete floor 3 can be a floor separating storeys, or a foundation or a floor, in particular of a building not shown in detail.

The formwork block 5 according to the invention is preferably integrated into the masonry wall 1 in such a way that the formwork block 5 is inserted flush into the masonry wall 1, so that the former forms a substantially flat outer side of the masonry wall 1 with the other formwork blocks 2.

The detailed structure of the formwork block 5 can be seen in particular from Fig. 2 and 3. The formwork block 5 has an insulating layer 6, the first side surface 6a of which faces towards an outer shell 7 of the formwork block 5 and is connected thereto. The second side surface 6b of the insulating layer 6 facing away from the first side surface 6a of the insulating layer 6 is facing the concrete floor 3 to be connected to the formwork block 5.

The insulating layer 6 can be connected to the outer shell 7 using positive-locking and/or force-fitting connecting elements, for example by a tongue and groove joint. A connection can also be produced by the outer shell 7 enclosing or surrounding the insulating layer 6 in a suitable manner.

As can be seen in Fig. 2 and 3, the formwork block 5 comprises at least one, in the exemplary embodiment preferably two crosspieces 8, formed from a stable material, in the exemplary embodiment of lightweight concrete, which extend from the outer shell 7 in the direction of the concrete floor 3 which is to be connected. In principle, within the context of the exemplary embodiment, one crosspiece, two crosspieces or even more than two crosspieces can be provided. The crosspieces 8 are capable of being supported on the concrete floor 3 if the formwork block 5, as shown in Fig. 1 and 2, is correctly installed.

In the exemplary embodiment shown, an optional implementation of the crosspieces 8 as side walls of the formwork block 5 is provided. Hereafter, the crosspieces are therefore designated as side walls 8. The invention is not limited to this design, however.

In the exemplary embodiment it is also optionally provided that the outer shell 7 and the side walls 8 are integrally constructed from lightweight concrete. In this case it can be provided that the side walls 8 enclose the insulating layer 6 on two opposite end faces, or the insulating layer 6 is installed in between the side walls 8 connected to the outer shell 7, in such a way that a good friction and/or form-fit connection is produced, so that the insulating layer 6 cannot fall out of the formwork block 5.

As can be seen from Figs. 1 to 3, an inner side 9 of the formwork block 5 facing towards the concrete floor 3 to be connected is formed substantially by the second side surface 6b of the insulating layer 6 and the rear sides 8a of the side walls 8. The side walls 8 are thus supported on the concrete floor 3 to be connected thereto via the rear side 8a.

According to the invention the formwork block 5 comprises at least one connecting anchor 10. In the exemplary embodiment, two connecting anchors 10 are optionally provided. The connecting anchors 10 each have a first end 11 which projects beyond the first side surface 6a of the insulating layer 6 and is secured in its position with respect to the outer shell 7. In addition, the connecting anchors comprise a second end 12, which projects beyond the second side surface 6b of the insulating layer 6 in such a way that the second end 12 is enclosed in the concrete floor 3 if the formwork block 5 is installed correctly. This is shown in Fig. 1 and 2. Fig. 3 shows a formwork block 5 in a condition in which it is not yet connected to a concrete floor 3.

As can be seen from Figs. 1, 2 and 3, between the first side surface 6a of the insulating layer 6 and the outer shell 7 a pocket 14 is formed, which can be filled with concrete 13 and in which the first end 11 of the connecting anchors 10 terminates. This enables the connecting anchor 10 to be secured in a fixed position relative to the outer shell 7. The concrete 13 in the pocket 14 also results in the insulating layer 6 being connected to the outer shell 7 by a positive-locking fit and/or a force fit, for which purpose, for example, a dovetail joint can be provided on the insulating layer and/or the outer shell 7. Alternatively or in addition, this can also be achieved by simply using projections, undercuts or the like, which contribute to a good connection between the concrete 14 and the outer shell 7 or the insulating layer 6.

The connecting anchor 10 preferably extends, as shown in the exemplary embodiments, through the insulating layer 6. Both ends 11, 12 of the respective connecting anchor project beyond the associated side surface 6a, 6b of the insulating layer 6. The connecting anchor preferably extends in the area of the upper side of the formwork block, and preferably as far up as is possible from a construction point of view, without the connecting anchor 10 breaking through the upper side.

As can be seen in particular from Fig. 2, the connecting anchors 10 extend parallel and as far as possible adjacent to the side walls 8. The arrangement is such that the first end 11 of the connecting anchor 10 is located in the pocket 14.

As is also clear from Fig. 2 and 3, the side walls 8 project beyond the second side surface 6b of the insulating layer 6 in the direction of the concrete floor 3 to be connected, i.e. the rear sides 8a of the side walls 8 protrude further forward than the second side surface 6b of the insulating layer 6.

In the exemplary embodiment it is provided that the second end 12 of the connecting anchors 10 projects to a lesser extent in the direction of the concrete floor 3 which is to be connected, beyond the second side surface 6a of the insulating layer 6 than the side walls 8.

The connecting anchors 10 are inserted into a groove 15, shown in Fig. 2 only by a dashed line, on the upper side of the insulating layer 6. The groove 15 can also be a slot, a notch, a recess or the like on the upper side of the insulating layer 6. Alternatively, a drilled hole could also be provided, through which the connecting anchor 10 is pushed.

Hereafter, for the sake of simplicity, in the context of the exemplary embodiment only one groove 15 is shown, however it also relates to any of the other designs described above. The present exemplary embodiment is not limited to one groove 15.

In the exemplary embodiment it is optionally provided that the connecting anchors 10 are positioned in the groove 15 in captive fashion. This can preferably be effected by the fact that an opening gap of the groove 15, not shown in detail, on the upper side of the insulating layer 6 for inserting the connecting anchor 10 is narrower than the diameter of the connecting anchor 10, wherein the groove 15 widens after the opening gap.

In the exemplary embodiment it can be optionally provided that the second end of the connecting anchor projects beyond the second side surface 6b of the insulating layer 6, in the direction of the concrete floor 3 which is to be connected thereto, by at least 15 mm, preferably at least 20 mm, particularly preferably at least 30 mm and quite particularly preferably 40 mm +/-5 mm.

In the exemplary embodiment it can be provided, as shown, that at its two ends 11, 12 the connecting anchor 10 has end stops 16, which are suitable for absorbing and dissipating tensile loading to which the connecting anchor 10 is subjected in its axial direction. In the exemplary embodiment the end stops are designed as end discs 16. This is only one possible design, however. A surface extending perpendicular to the axial direction of the connecting anchor 10 is preferably provided as an end stop. This can be of any shape. A design in the form of an end disc 16 or as a plate has proved to be particularly suitable, however.

In the exemplary embodiment it is optionally also provided that each of the connecting anchors 10 has an elongated connecting rod 17, extending between the end stops, in this case the end discs 16. The connecting rod 17 can in principle be any elongated element, which in particular can have any desired cross-section, for example, rectangular, square or polygonal. A circular cross-section has proved to be particularly suitable, however.

In the exemplary embodiment it is provided that the diameter of the end discs 16 is at least 3 times, preferably at least 4 times, more preferably 3 to 7 times, particularly preferably 4.5 to 5.5 times, and quite particularly preferably 5 times the diameter of the connecting rod 17 arranged between the end discs 16.

In the exemplary embodiment it is optionally provided that the connecting rod 17 is connected to the end discs 16 by a forming process, preferably by means of crimping. Alternatively, welding or, for example, riveting, caulking or gluing can also be provided.

As shown in Fig. 5 and 6, each of the end discs 16 preferably has a through hole and a neck 18 and/or a circular projection which is joined thereto. Hereafter, the exemplary embodiment is shown with reference to a neck, but this can also be any circular projection or collar. The connecting rod 17 can be pushed through the through hole and the neck 18 which is joined thereto, wherein the neck is then crimped to the connecting rod, as shown for example in Fig. 5 and 6 in the resulting position. The ends of the connecting rod 17 thereby obtain a shape which prevents the possibility of the ends of the connecting rod 17 being pulled back through the through hole of the end discs 16. This is also further supported due to the fact that the respective neck 18 of the end discs 16 is crimped to the associated end of the connecting rod 17.

The formwork block shown in the exemplary embodiment has a length of 375 mm +/- 45 mm, a height of 248 mm +/- 25 mm and a depth of 265 mm +/-30 mm, wherein the insulating layer 6 has a thickness of 150 mm +/- 20 mm.

The connecting anchor 10 or the connecting rod 17 and the end discs 16 are preferably made of stainless steel. The connecting rod 17 is preferably a stainless steel wire. The connecting rod preferably has a diameter of 2 mm to 6 mm, preferably 4 mm, wherein it has proved suitable to design the end discs 16 with a diameter of 20 mm if the connecting rod 17 has a diameter of 4 mm.

The end discs can preferably have a thickness of 2 mm.

For the concrete for producing the outer shell 7 and/or the side walls 8, a lightweight concrete on an expanded clay base can preferably be used. In this case hard burned expanded clay balls can form the basis, so that the lightweight concrete is porous and aggregate-based, vapour-permeable and not capillary.

Figure 2 shows an example of two formwork blocks 5 arranged next to each other. Typically, a whole row of formwork blocks 5 are arranged next to each other to insulate the side edge 3a of a concrete floor 3 externally.

The formwork blocks 5 according to the invention can be connected to a concrete floor 3, without requiring further support by means of bricks arranged between them.

As shown schematically in Fig. 4, all weight forces F are redirected into the concrete floor 3, on the one hand by the side walls 8, which direct the compressive forces x into the concrete floor 3 and on the other by the connecting anchors 10, which absorb tensile forces y and thus prevent the formwork block 5 from being tilted outwards by the concrete floor 3.

The height of the formwork block 5 is preferably matched to the height of the concrete floor 3.

The second side surface 6b of the insulating layer 6 can be provided with a ribbing, but this is optional for the invention.

In the exemplary embodiment an embodiment of the formwork block 5 of concrete, in particular lightweight concrete, has been described. Alternatively, the formwork block 5 can also be produced in a similar way from bricks or other stable material, in particular a material which is commonly used for producing constructional blocks.

Claims

1. Formwork stone (5) for connection with a concrete cover layer (3), with an insulation layer (6), the first side surface (6a) of which faces an outer shell (7) of the formwork stone (5) and is connected to it, and the overlying layer of the insulation layer second side surface (6b) faces the concrete cover layer (3) to be joined to the formwork stone (5), the formwork stone having at least one side piece (8) formed of a durable material, which side piece extends from the outer shell (7) towards the concrete cover (3), to which a connection must be made, where the side piece (8) manages to brace against the concrete cover (3) when the formwork stone (5) is properly installed, and with at least one connecting anchor (10) with a first end (11) projecting over the first side surface (6a) of the insulating layer (6) and fixed in position to the outer shell (7), and a second end (12) projecting over the second side surface (6b) of the insulating layer (6) such that the other end (12) is enclosed in concrete the slab (3), when the formwork stone (5) is properly installed, characterized in that a pocket (14) which can be filled with concrete (6) is formed between the first side surface (6a) of the insulating layer (6) and the outer shell (7). 13), in which pocket the first end (11) of the at least one connecting anchor (10) ends.

Formwork stone according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one connecting anchor (10) extends through the insulation layer (6) and extends in the region at an upper side of the formwork stone (5).

Formwork stone according to one of Claims 1 or 2, characterized in that an inside (9) of the formwork stone (5) facing the concrete cover (3) to be connected is substantially formed by the second side surface (6b) of the insulation layer (6) and the back side (8a) of the at least one side piece (8) suitable for stiffening against the concrete cover layer (3) to which connection is to be made.

Formwork stone according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the at least one side (8) protrudes over the second side surface (6b) of the insulating layer (6) in the direction of the concrete cover layer (3) to which connection is to be made.

Formwork stone according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the connection anchor (10) is inserted into a seam (15), a groove or a molding on the upper side of the insulation layer (6).

Formwork stone according to claim 5, characterized in that the connecting anchor (10) is fixedly inserted in the socket (15), the groove or the molding.

Formwork stone according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that an opening slot in the socket (15), the groove or the upper surface of the insulation layer (6) for insertion of the connection anchor (10) is narrower than the diameter of the connection anchor (10). (15), the groove or molding expands after the opening slot.

Formwork stone according to one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that the other end (12) of the connecting anchor (10) protrudes less over the second side surface (6b) of the insulation layer (6) in the direction of the concrete cover layer (3) to which connection is to be made. , than the at least one side (8).

Formwork stone according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the other end (12) of the connecting anchor (10) projects at least 15 mm, preferably at least 20 mm, particularly preferably at least 30 mm and particularly preferably 40 mm +/- 5 mm. forward of the second side surface (6b) of the insulation layer (6) in the direction of the concrete cover layer (3) to which connection is to be made.

Formwork stone according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the connecting anchor (10) at both its ends (11, 12) has end stops (16) suitable for accommodating and relieving a tensile load acting on the connecting anchor ( 10) in its axial direction.

Formwork stone according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that two connecting anchors (10) are counted.

Formwork stone according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that a connecting anchor (10) is arranged adjacent to and parallel to each side (8).

A building with a concrete pavement, wherein the concrete pavement is connected to a formwork stone according to one of claims 1 to 12 at at least one of its side edges.