DK2668875T3 - Module, device and method for providing a fluid curtain - Google Patents

Module, device and method for providing a fluid curtain Download PDF

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Publication number
DK2668875T3
DK2668875T3 DK13169365.7T DK13169365T DK2668875T3 DK 2668875 T3 DK2668875 T3 DK 2668875T3 DK 13169365 T DK13169365 T DK 13169365T DK 2668875 T3 DK2668875 T3 DK 2668875T3
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DK
Denmark
Prior art keywords
flow
honeycomb structure
fluid
curtain
module
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DK13169365.7T
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Danish (da)
Inventor
Tomi Sipilä
Kimmo Heinävaara
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Viessmann Refrigeration Systems Oy
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Publication of DK2668875T3 publication Critical patent/DK2668875T3/en

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47F—SPECIAL FURNITURE, FITTINGS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR SHOPS, STOREHOUSES, BARS, RESTAURANTS OR THE LIKE; PAYING COUNTERS
    • A47F3/00—Show cases or show cabinets
    • A47F3/04—Show cases or show cabinets air-conditioned, refrigerated
    • A47F3/0439—Cases or cabinets of the open type
    • A47F3/0443—Cases or cabinets of the open type with forced air circulation
    • A47F3/0447—Cases or cabinets of the open type with forced air circulation with air curtains
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F9/00—Use of air currents for screening, e.g. air curtains

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Freezers Or Refrigerated Showcases (AREA)
  • Air-Flow Control Members (AREA)
  • Jet Pumps And Other Pumps (AREA)
  • Duct Arrangements (AREA)

Description

DESCRIPTION
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0001] The invention relates to a module, method and arrangement for providing a fluid curtain, such as an air curtain, between different environments, such as between two spaces with different temperatures and/or concentrations.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] Devices with fluid curtains separating two different environments having common opening interface but different conditions, such as temperature or concentration, are previously known for example in technical fields of refrigeration apparatuses but also a clean work area. The separation barrier is needed to minimize the mixing of different conditions with each other, such as temperature, different types of particles like microbes, concentration or the like. It is noticed that entrained ambient air into the cold air curtain in the refrigeration apparatuses is the largest thermal load of a multi-deck type or "vertical" refrigerated display case and according to some estimates 75% of the refrigeration load comes from the air curtain entrainment. In addition different types of air curtains are also used in laminar air flow work stations, such as is described in US 4,927,438 A.
[0003] As an example the patent publication US 7,162,882 B2 (see Prior Art Figure 1) discloses a multi-band air curtain forming a separation barrier at an interface between a first environment having a fluid at a first condition and a second environment having a fluid at a second condition. A first stream (55) of a fluid is directed along a first path generally parallel to the interface between the first environment and the second environment. A second stream (65) of fluid is directed along a second path generally outwardly at an angle of divergence with the first path. A third stream (85) of a fluid is directed along a third path between the first path and the second path. A refrigerated merchandiser (10) is also disclosed having a display case having an interior defining a product display region (30) having an open front and first (34), second (70) and third (68) air outlets for directing air streams across the open front of the refrigerated merchandiser.
[0004] Additionally a honeycomb structure is disclosed by JP S61 46384 U for providing an air curtain, where the flow or velocity profile is achieved by the honeycomb structure with conduits of different cross sectional areas. Another honeycomb structure is disclosed by JP 2000 102458 A to utilize conduits with different cross sectional areas and thereby providing a refrigerated display case with a multi-band air curtain.
[0005] US 2003/159451 A1 discloses a refrigeration system, where environmental data is obtained and used for controlling the speed of fans to generate an air curtain. The fans are arranged side by side in the width direction of the curtain.
[0006] JP S54 134861 discloses a refrigerating system with a straight and inclined deflecting wall for providing an air curtain. Also JP 2000 102458 A discloses a deflector, which is a convex-shaped.
[0007] There are however some disadvantages relating to the known prior art, such as turbulent transition layer between the air curtain and at least another environment. The more turbulent transition layer the more entrainment of the ambient air into the air curtain occurs. In addition the need of at least two or even more air curtains is clear disadvantage.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0008] An object of the invention is to alleviate and eliminate the problems relating to the known prior art. Especially the object of the invention is to provide a method and module for providing a fluid curtain between different environments such as environments with different temperatures, contents and/or concentrations, like bacterial content, so that the entrainment of the ambient fluid into the fluid curtain is minimized.
[0009] The object of the invention can be achieved by the features of independent claims.
[0010] The invention relates to a module according to claim 1. In addition the invention relates to an arrangement of claim 5, and method of claim 6.
[0011] According to an embodiment of the invention a fluid curtain, such as an air curtain, between different environments is provided via a honeycomb structure comprising plurality of parallel conduits. The conduits are configured to laminarize the flow for the fluid curtain, and to guide the flow and suppressing instabilities in the flow downstream of it. The suppressing of instabilities is performed at least in perpendicular direction to walls of said conduits. According to an example the Reynolds number of flow when flowing out from the honeycomb structure is advantageously below 6000, more advantageously below 5000 and most advantageously around 1000. However, it is to be noted that these ranges or values are only examples and that the invention is not limited only to those.
[0012] In addition according to the invention the velocity profile of the flow before the honeycomb structure or during the honeycomb structure is changed so that the velocity profile of the flow after the honeycomb structure is a (advantageously smooth) skewed parabolic velocity profile with a peak shifted from the centre line of the symmetrical parabolic velocity profile. According to an exemplary embodiment the peak is shifted towards the first environment, such as towards inside of the refrigerated display case.
[0013] The invention offers clear advantages over the known prior art, when the inventors have noticed that the shape of vertical velocity profile and the turbulence intensity present at the outlet nozzle will remarkably control the fluid curtain entrainment rate. For example when applying the velocity profile as proposed by the present invention the relative velocity and change of relative velocity in the transition layer with the second environment fluid (such as warm ambient air) is small, which keeps the transition layer with the second environment fluid as laminar as possible thereby minimizing entrainment of the ambient fluid into the fluid curtain. By minimizing the entrainment of the ambient fluid the thermal or particle load of the systems and thereby the refrigeration or cleaning costs of the display case can be remarkable reduced.
[0014] The term entrainment is used in this document for example to the purpose of to transfer air or other fluid (or even particles) into an organized fluid current (such as an air curtain) from the surrounding atmosphere.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0015] Next the invention will be described in greater detail with reference to exemplary embodiments in accordance with the accompanying drawings, in which:
Figure 1 illustrates a prior art device for providing air curtains,
Figure 2 illustrates an exemplary module for providing fluid curtain according to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, and
Figure 3 illustrates an exemplary arrangement (a refrigerated display case) for providing fluid curtain according to an advantageous embodiment of the invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0016] Figure 1 illustrates a prior art device for providing air curtains described in US 7,162,882 B2. Figure 1 is already handled in connection with the background of the invention chapter above. Anyway it is to be understood that the module and inventive concept of the present invention can also be implemented with similar devices as described in Figure 1, where the air curtain providing means can be replaced for example by the module of the invention described in Figure 2 or with the means of said module, such as an appropriate mechanical structure before the outlet for the air curtain, where said mechanical structure is configured to change the velocity profile of the flow before the honeycomb structure or during the honeycomb structure so that the velocity profile of the flow after the honeycomb structure or outlet is a smooth skewed parabolic velocity profile with a peak shifted from the centre line of the symmetrical parabolic velocity profile.
[0017] Figure 2 illustrates an exemplary module 100 for providing a fluid curtain, and especially an air curtain 101 between different environments (Environment I, Environment II) according to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, where the module comprises a flow channel 102. The module 100 comprises an inlet 103 for introducing an air flow through the flow channel of the module and an outlet 104 for outputting said air curtain. In addition the module 100 comprises a honeycomb structure 105 before the outlet in order to laminarize the flow for the air curtain. The honeycomb structure comprises plurality of parallel conduits 106 for guiding the flow and suppressing instabilities in the flow downstream of it and at least in perpendicular direction to walls of said conduits 106.
[0018] In addition the module 100 comprises a mechanical structure 105, 107 before the outlet 104, which is configured to change the velocity profile of the flow 101 before 107 the honeycomb structure or during 105 the honeycomb structure so that the velocity profile of the flow after the honeycomb structure 105 or outlet 104 is a smooth skewed parabolic velocity profile with a peak 108 shifted from the centre line 109 of the symmetrical parabolic velocity profile or the centre line 109 of the honeycomb structure 105.
[0019] According to the invention the mechanical structure before the outlet is a deflector 107, such as an S-shaped (described in Figure 2) . The deflector 107 is configured to guide the air flow 110 from the inlet 103 to the honeycomb structure 105 so that greater dynamic pressure and thereby the greater fluid velocity is introduced to the distance from the centre line 109 of the honeycomb structure, and most advantageously so that the greater dynamic pressure and thereby greater fluid velocity is introduced to the point before the centre line 109 of the honeycomb structure in the direction of the inlet flow 103.
[0020] According to an embodiment the form of the deflector 107 in the downstream direction 110 of the inlet flow is convergent, advantageously continuously convergent, and most advantageously continuously but nonlinearly convergent towards the honeycomb structure 105. Due to the rounded shapes and smooth surface of the deflector 107 it does not significantly generate turbulence in flow upstream of the honeycomb structure 105, In addition the honeycomb structure 105 itself is a very effective device to suppress the fluid curtain instabilities immediately downstream of it.
[0021] In addition according to an embodiment the first curve 107a of the S-shaped deflector 107 or the peak or apex of the convex-shaped deflector (not shown) is configured to protrude towards the honeycomb structure 105 is located in the downstream direction of the inlet flow 110 before the centre line 109 of the honeycomb structure 105. Furthermore, according to an embodiment the second curve 107b of the S-shaped deflector 107 is configured to protrude into the opposite direction than the first curve, and is located in the downstream direction of the inlet flow 110 after the centre line 109 of the honeycomb structure 105. According to these embodiment the greater dynamic pressure and thereby the greater fluid velocity can be introduced to the point before the centre line 109 of the honeycomb structure in the direction of the inlet flow 103, and thereby the smooth skewed parabolic velocity profile with a peak 108 shifted from the centre line 109 of the symmetrical parabolic velocity profile or the centre line 109 of the honeycomb structure 105 can be achieved, as is described in Figure 2.
[0022] Figure 3 illustrates an exemplary arrangement 200, such as a refrigerated display case, for providing fluid curtain according to an advantageous embodiment of the invention. The device may comprise a display space 201, an access opening 202 in the front of said display space, and a flow curtain providing means 100 for establishing the flow curtain 101 across the access opening 202. Even if the refrigerated display case is described here as an example, it is to be noted that the inventive concept, namely the module 100 or the means and features 101-110 of the module described e.g. in Figure 2 can be utilized also in other devices separating at least two different environments with the fluid curtain, such as laminar air flow work stations.
[0023] The refrigerated display case 200 described in Figure 3 comprises only one means for producing the fluid curtain, such as only one channel 102, and therefore only one fluid curtain 101. In addition the device 200 comprises a fluid suction means or portion 203 located adjacent the lower edge of the access opening 202, an air duct 204 communicating with said fluid suction means or portion 203 having a fluid discharge outlet 205 near the upper edge of the access opening 202.
[0024] The deflector 107 and the honeycomb structure 105, 106 described e.g. in connection with Figure 2 can be implemented in connection with the fluid discharge opening 205 to provide the fluid curtain 101. However, it is to be noted that the deflector 107 and the honeycomb structure 105, 106 described e.g. in connection with Figure 2 can also be implemented into the device described in Figures 1 or 3 as a module described e.g. in connection with Figure 2.
[0025] In addition the device 200 advantageously comprises circulating means 206 for circulating fluid through said fluid duct 204, 205 and again through the deflector 107 and the honeycomb structure 105, 106, as well as through the refrigeration means 207 for example for refrigerating the fluid for the fluid curtain 101.
[0026] The device 200 described in Figure 3 is a recirculated type refrigerated display case, since it comprises the fluid suction means or portion 203 for collecting the chilled fluid of the fluid curtain 101 and recirculating it again. However, the inventive concept and embodiments of the present invention can also be implemented in connection with non-recirculated type devices, such as is described in Figure 1, where the refrigerated display case comprises also one or more fans 72 or the like to draw ambient air from the environment exterior of the refrigerator 10 through the fluid duct 74 to the second air discharge outlet 70.
[0027] According to an advantageous embodiment the flow curtain 101 is created by forcing chilled flow in the duct 205 at the top of the display case 200 into the deflector 107, such as S-shaped deflector. The deflector 107 turns the chilled fluid flow 110 downward through the honeycomb structure 105 and thereby produces a smooth skewed parabolic velocity profile with peak shifted towards the inside of the display case 200 having low temperature (Environment I) compared to the ambient temperature (Environment II). The invention has been explained above with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, and several advantages of the invention have been demonstrated. It is clear that the invention is not only restricted to these embodiments, but comprises all possible embodiments within the scope of the following patent claims. For example the different environments separated by the fluid curtain comprise different conditions, such as temperatures, bacterial contents, humidity, concentration or the like.
REFERENCES CITED IN THE DESCRIPTION
This list of references cited by the applicant is for the reader's convenience only. It does not form part of the European patent document. Even though great care has been taken in compiling the references, errors or omissions cannot be excluded and the EPO disclaims all liability in this regard.
Patent documents cited in the description • US492743SA [06021 • US7162882B2 [60031 [06181 • jPS.6.i4.a..a.B4U. [POM]. • JF200Q102458A ί00041 ΓΟΟΟβΙ • US2003159451 At Γ00051 • JPS54134861A [00061

Claims (6)

1. Modul (100) til tilvejebringelse af et fluidgardin (101), såsom et luftgardin, imellem forskellige miljøer, hvilket modul danner en strømningskanal (102), hvor modulet omfatter - et indløb (103) til indføring afen luftstrømning igennem strømningskanalen (102) i modulet, - et udløb (104) til at indføre luftgardinet, - en honeycomb-struktur (105) foran udløbet (104) med henblik på at laminarisere strømningen for fluidgardinet, hvor honeycomb-strukturen omfatter adskillige parallelle ledninger (106) til at føre strømningen og undertrykke ustabiliteter i strømningen nedstrøms for denne, og - en mekanisk struktur før udløbet (104), kendetegnet ved, at - den mekaniske struktur før udløbet er en S-formet afbøjningsenhed (107), som er konfigureret til at føre luftstrømningen fra indløbet (103) til honeycomb-strukturen (105) således, at et større dynamisk tryk og derved en større fluidhastighed indføres i afstand fra midterlinien (109) af honeycomb-strukturen, og derved konfigureret til at ændre hastighedsprofilet for strømningen før honeycomb-strukturen således, at hastighedsprofilet for strømningen efter honeycomb-strukturen (105) eller udløbet (104) er et skævt parabolsk hastighedsprofil med en spids (108) forskudt fra midterlinien (109) for det symmetriske parabolske hastighedsprofil.A module (100) for providing a fluid curtain (101), such as an air curtain, between different environments, forming a flow duct (102), the module comprising - an inlet (103) for introducing an air flow through the flow duct (102) in the module, - an outlet (104) for introducing the air curtain, - a honeycomb structure (105) in front of the outlet (104) for laminating the flow of the fluid curtain, the honeycomb structure comprising several parallel leads (106) for conducting the flow and suppress instabilities in the downstream flow thereof, and - a mechanical structure before the outlet (104), characterized in that - the mechanical structure before the outlet is an S-shaped deflection unit (107) configured to conduct the air flow from the inlet (103) to the honeycomb structure (105) such that a greater dynamic pressure and thereby a greater fluid velocity is introduced at a distance from the center line (109) of the honeycomb structure, and thereby configured to change the velocity profile of the flow before the honeycomb structure such that the velocity profile of the flow after the honeycomb structure (105) or outlet (104) is a skewed parabolic velocity profile with a tip (108) offset from the center line (109) of the symmetric parabolic speed profile. 2. Modul ifølge krav 1, hvor formen af afbøjningsenheden (107) i nedstrømsretningen for indløbsstrømningen er konvergent, fortrinsvis kontinuerligt konvergent, og mest foretrukkent kontinuerligt men ikke-lineært konvergent imod honeycomb-strukturen (105).The module of claim 1, wherein the shape of the deflection unit (107) in the downstream direction of the inlet flow is convergent, preferably continuously convergent, and most preferably continuous but non-linearly convergent to the honeycomb structure (105). 3. Modul ifølge krav 2, hvor den første kurve (107a) for den S-formede afbøjningsenhed eller spidsen eller toppen af den konveks formede afbøjningsenhed imod honeycomb-strukturen (105) er placeret i den nedstrøms retning for indløbsstrømningen før midterlinien (109) for honeycombstrukturen.The module of claim 2, wherein the first curve (107a) of the S-shaped deflection unit or the tip or top of the convex shaped deflection unit against the honeycomb structure (105) is located in the downstream direction of the inlet flow before the center line (109) for the honeycomb structure. 4. Modul ifølge krav 2 eller 3, hvor den anden kurven (107b) for den S-formede afbøjningsenhed i den modsatte retning af den første kurve er placeret i den nedstrøms retning af indløbsstrømningen efter midterlinien (109) for honeycomb-strukturen.The module of claim 2 or 3, wherein the second curve (107b) of the S-shaped deflection unit in the opposite direction of the first curve is located in the downstream direction of the inlet flow along the center line (109) of the honeycomb structure. 5. Arrangement (10,200), såsom en kølet fremvisningsindretning omfattende et fremvisningsrum (201), en adgangsåbning (202) foran fremvisningsrummet, et fluidgardin (101), såsom en luftgardin tilvejebringende indretning med en strømningskanal (102) til at etablere luftgardinet på tværs af adgangsåbningen (202), kendetegnet ved, at indretningen omfatter: modulet (100) ifølge ethvert af kravene 1 til 4 for tilvejebringelse af luftgardinet (101).An arrangement (10,200), such as a refrigerated display device comprising a display space (201), an access opening (202) in front of the display space, a fluid curtain (101), such as an air curtain providing device with a flow channel (102) for establishing the air curtain across the access opening (202), characterized in that the device comprises: the module (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 4 for providing the air curtain (101). 6. Fremgangsmåde til tilvejebringelse af et fluidgardin (101), såsom et luftgardin, imellem forskellige miljøer, omfattende følgende trin - indføring af en luftstrømning (110) ind i et indløb (103) til en fluidgardin tilvejebringende indretning (102, 109), - laminarisering af luftstrømningen for fluidgardinet via en honeycomb-struktur (105), omfattende adskillige parallelle ledninger (106) til at føre strømningen og undertrykke ustabiliteter i strømningen nedstrøms for denne og før et udløb (104), og kendetegnet ved, at fremgangsmåden yderligere omfatter: - ændring af hastighedsprofilet for strømningen før honeycomb-strukturen ved hjælp af en mekanisk struktur, som er en S-formet afbøjningsenhed (107), som fører fluidstrømningen fra indløbet (103) til honeycomb-strukturen (105) således, at et større dynamisk tryk og derved en større fluidhastighed indføres i afstand fra midterlinien (109) af honeycomb-strukturen, og derved ændrer hastighedsprofilet for strømningen før honeycomb-strukturen således, at hastighedsprofilet af strømningen efter honeycomb-strukturen (105) eller udløbet (104) er et skævt parabolsk hastighedsprofil med en spids (108) forskudt fra midterlinien (109) for det symmetriske parabolske hastighedsprofil.A method of providing a fluid curtain (101), such as an air curtain, between various environments, comprising the following steps - introducing an air flow (110) into an inlet (103) for a fluid curtain providing device (102, 109), laminarizing the airflow of the fluid curtain via a honeycomb structure (105), comprising several parallel conduits (106) for conducting the flow and suppressing instabilities in the flow downstream thereof and before an outlet (104), characterized in that the method further comprises: changing the velocity profile of the flow prior to the honeycomb structure by means of a mechanical structure which is an S-shaped deflection unit (107) which conducts the fluid flow from the inlet (103) to the honeycomb structure (105) such that a greater dynamic pressure thereby introducing a greater fluid velocity at a distance from the center line (109) of the honeycomb structure, thereby changing the velocity profile of the stream the honeycomb structure, such that the velocity profile of the flow after the honeycomb structure (105) or outlet (104) is a skewed parabolic velocity profile with a tip (108) offset from the center line (109) of the symmetrical parabolic velocity profile.
DK13169365.7T 2012-05-28 2013-05-27 Module, device and method for providing a fluid curtain DK2668875T3 (en)

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FI20125567A FI125239B (en) 2012-05-28 2012-05-28 Module, arrangement and method for providing a fluid curtain

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DK2668875T3 true DK2668875T3 (en) 2018-07-23

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US (1) US20130316635A1 (en)
EP (1) EP2668875B8 (en)
DK (1) DK2668875T3 (en)
FI (1) FI125239B (en)
LT (1) LT2668875T (en)
PL (1) PL2668875T3 (en)
RU (1) RU2013125360A (en)
TR (1) TR201809561T4 (en)

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US20200196776A1 (en) * 2018-12-21 2020-06-25 Heatcraft Refrigeration Products, Llc Refrigerated display case having a central return air duct
JP6985614B2 (en) * 2019-03-15 2021-12-22 ダイキン工業株式会社 Air conditioner with outlet adapter and outlet adapter

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JPS5920615Y2 (en) * 1978-07-14 1984-06-15 三菱電機株式会社 Refrigerated open case
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LT2668875T (en) 2018-07-25
FI20125567A (en) 2013-11-29
FI125239B (en) 2015-07-31
RU2013125360A (en) 2014-12-10
EP2668875B8 (en) 2018-06-06
TR201809561T4 (en) 2018-07-23
PL2668875T3 (en) 2018-09-28
US20130316635A1 (en) 2013-11-28
EP2668875A1 (en) 2013-12-04
EP2668875B1 (en) 2018-04-18

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