DK2408976T3

DK2408976T3 - Sound absorbing building panel

Info

Publication number: DK2408976T3
Application number: DK09779150.3T
Authority: DK
Inventors: Wolfgang Ruemler; Claus-Peter Berneth; Volker Mueller
Original assignee: Knauf Gips Kg
Priority date: 2009-03-16
Filing date: 2009-03-16
Publication date: 2016-08-22
Also published as: HK1217929A1; CN101839025A; EP2408976B1; WO2010105655A1; EP2408976B9; EP2408976A1; SI2408976T1; CN105201090A

Description

SOUND-ABSORBING CONSTRUCTION BOARD Description

The invention concerns a sound-absorbing construction board, especially for wall or ceiling installation, with a front side facing a sound source, a back side away from the sound source, and a plurality of perforations extending from the front side through the sound-absorbing construction board to the back side, wherein the perforations are covered at the back side with at least one covering.

Perforated construction boards for sound absorption are known in the prior art. By sound absorption is usually meant the reduction of the sonic energy coming into a room. Sound absorption is the loss of sonic energy upon impinging on boundary surfaces, objects or persons located in a room. The loss occurs primarily due to the transformation of sound into heat (dissipation). The degree of sound absorption describes the ratio of the nonreflected to the incident sonic energy. This degree of sound absorption a can be increased by the use of holes in the particular sound absorption element, such as ceiling, floor, or wall boards.

One drawback of these perforated boards is that dirt particles are transported on account of the facilitated air transport through the holes themselves and accordingly build up in the area of the holes. If the side of the construction board facing an interior of a room is lined with an air-permeable plaster, which optically covers the holes, after a certain time they will still become unsightly on account of the air movements and the associated transport and deposition of dirt particles. This substantially impairs the optics of the particular construction board, which is also being used increasingly to improve the overall optics of the rooms.

On account of the described drawbacks, film elements are occasionally used in the prior art, being glued onto the entire surface at the back side of the perforated construction board, i.e., the side away from the room. In this way, an air transport and an associated deposition of dirt particles in the area of the holes are for the most part prevented. However, measurements have shown that the degree of sound absorption of such construction boards provided with film elements is substantially reduced as compared to construction boards not having any film elements. In document DE 87 05 270 U1 a sound absorption board is disclosed with the following features: soundabsorbing construction board, especially for wall or ceiling installation, comprising a gypsum board with a front side facing a sound source, a back side away from the sound source, and a plurality of perforations which have a predetermined geometry, with round cross section, and which extend from the front side through the gypsum board to the back side, and an essentially air-impermeable cover, wherein the perforations are covered at the back side with the at least one cover, wherein the at least one back-side cover is glued to the back side of the gypsum board of the construction board. In document US 3 770 560 A a sound-absorbing element is disclosed in which the gluing is designed such that the adhesive penetrates into the perforations.

The problem which the invention proposes to solve is to indicate a sound-absorbing construction board, especially for wall or ceiling installation, which on the one hand retains a pleasing optical exterior even after a long period of time and on the other hand has a satisfactory degree of sound absorption. This problem is solved by a soundabsorbing construction board according to Patent Claim 1. A major aspect of the invention is that the back-side cover is not bonded by its entire surface to the back side of the base body of the construction board and there is at least partly no firm connection in particular in the vicinity of the holes. This substantially increases the degree of sound absorption a as compared to a full-surface bonding of the cover to the base body. A sonic pulse impinging on the perforated construction board results in a partial lifting or vibrating of the back-side cover and this not only in the area where the holes are situated but also at least in an edge zone adjacent to the holes. In this way, energy of the sonic pulse can be additionally transmitted to the construction board or the partly free vibrating cover, which increases their degree of sound absorption a. An air exchange between back and front side of the construction board is reduced or entirely prevented, which reduces or even totally avoids a deposition of dirt particles, improving the overall optical impression.

Preferably, a section of the base body of the construction board with a perforation or a group of at least two neighbouring perforations is firmly joined to the cover at the back side, especially by bonding, so that the respective perforations are enclosed air-tightly by an associated fastening area at the back side, while inside the fastening area a surface section remains which is larger than the back-side perforation surfaces of the respective perforations. An air exchange with concomitant soiling in the area of the holes is thereby almost totally prevented, since a closed pocket is formed between base body and cover which hinders a further air exchange except for the perforation or the group of perforations.

In a preferred modification, at least one of the back-side covers comprises at least one film, especially a single or multilayered plastic fdm. This reduces the construction costs and expense of the sound-absorbing construction board. The thickness of the at least one film is preferably 5-500 pm, more preferably 10-100 pm, even more preferably 20-50 pm, for example around 30 pm. The film consists preferably of plastic, especially polyethylene.

In a further preferred embodiment, the sound-absorbing construction board is covered on the front side, at least for a portion, with at least one fibre element, especially a fibre nonwoven fabric. Such a feature further boosts the sound absorption, the fibre element serving at the same time as a foundation for applying a plaster coating.

According to the invention, the portion of the fastening area compared to the total surface of the back side of the construction board minus the portion of the back-side perforation surface is at most 90%, more preferably at most 50%, even more preferably at most 30%, especially at most 10%. In this way, the sound absorption can be further enhanced.

The sound-absorbing construction board is a gypsum board, especially a gypsum panel or gypsum fibre panel. Gypsum is a relatively cheap material, which further reduces the costs of the sound-absorbing construction board.

Preferably, at least one fastening area lies at least partly within an edge zone of the back side of the construction board. This feature enhances the stability of the corresponding fastening.

In preferred embodiments, the perforations can be arranged in a grid and/or have a constant cross section. Such perforations can be made especially easily, which further lowers the costs for the construction of the sound-absorbing construction board. For example, the perforations can be made by means of a milling method or a casting method.

The fastening surface preferably comprises several adhesive strips, wherein in particular a first group of adhesive strips is arranged essentially perpendicular in relation to a second group of adhesive strips, so that a criss-cross pattern is produced. Such a fastening surface is easy to produce.

Further embodiments will appear from the subclaims.

The invention will be described more closely below in regard to further features and benefits with the aid of sample embodiments, which are explained more closely by means of the figures.

There are shown here:

Fig. 1, a sound-absorbing construction board according to a first embodiment in a schematic top view;

Fig. 2, a sectional view of the first embodiment along sectioning line Π-Π of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3, a sectional view of the first embodiment along sectioning line ΙΙ-Π of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4, a sound-absorbing construction board according to a second embodiment in a schematic top view; and

Fig. 5, a sound absorption/frequency diagram.

In the following description, the same reference numbers will be used for the same and equivalent parts.

Fig. 1 shows a sound-absorbing construction board according to a first embodiment in a schematic top view, where the viewing direction is oriented perpendicular to a back side 12 of the sound-absorbing construction board. The sound-absorbing construction board of Fig. 1 comprises a base body 10, which in the present case has a square basic shape and is formed essentially as a cuboid, but can also have other basic shapes, such as rectangular or generally polygonal, or also round or oval basic shapes. Within the base body 10 there are provided perforations 11 which are square in cross section and cuboidal in three dimensions, extending from a front side 12 (see Fig. 2) to a back side 13. The perforations 11 can also have any desired cross section and various shapes in three dimensions. For example, the cross section of the perforations 11 can decrease from the front side 12 to the back side 13 (for the back side 13, see Fig. 2). The front side 12 during use should face a sound source, while the back side 13 in use should be away from the sound source.

Between the perforations run adhesive strips 14, which join a cover 15 (see Fig. 2) to the base body 10. Both the thickness of the cover 15 and also that of the adhesive strips 14 in Fig. 2 are not true to scale, wherein both the adhesive strips 14 and the cover 15 in a first embodiment have a much lesser thickness (in relation to the base body 10). In alternative embodiments, the thickness of cover 15 and adhesive strips 14 can also correspond roughly to the proportions in Fig. 2 or be larger.

As can be seen in Fig. 1, a first group of adhesive strips 14 is arranged perpendicular to a second group of adhesive strips, so that overall criss-crossing adhesive strips are formed. In this way, each perforation 11 is fully enclosed by two adhesive strips 14 of the first group and two adhesive strips 14 of the second group, so that the perforations 11 are closed at the back side essentially air-tightly (if the cover 15 is also essentially air-tight). Alternatively, the adhesive can also be applied in interrupted strips or only in spots. Of course, it is also possible to join the cover 15 with the use of adhesives to the base body 10, for example, by welding or by the use of fasteners, such as staples, nails, screws or the like. It is also conceivable to attach the cover 15 removably to the base body 10.

The cover 15 can be designed specifically as a film, for example, a plastic film (especially a polyethylene film) and have a thickness of 1 to 1000 pm, preferably 5 to 100 pm, more preferably 10 to 80 pm and especially 25 to 35 pm.

As is furthermore seen in Fig. 1, a fastening surface 16 established by the adhesive strips 14 is smaller than a base body surface 17 of the base body 10 (especially if the back side of the perforations 11 is not taken into account). This has the consequence that the cover 15 can vibrate freely not only above the perforations 11, but can also vibrate freely in edge zones 18 adjacent to the perforations 11. The perforations 11 are each surrounded by a fastening area 19, which is composed of segments of every two adhesive strips 14 perpendicular to each other and has the shape of a square. The adhesive strips 14 can also have a different shape, for example, not run perpendicular to each other in two groups. The fastening areas 19 can also have a different shape and be applied separately, for example.

The base body 10 can be a gypsum board, such as a gypsum panel or gypsum fibre panel. Alternatively it is also conceivable to use construction boards of different design or of different materials, such as plastic and/or metal, as the base body.

Fig. 2 shows a section along line Π-ΙΙ of Fig. 1. As can be seen in Fig. 2, a front-side cover is arranged at the front side 12 in relation to the base body 10, being designed specifically as a fibre element 20, although it can also have a different design. The fibre element 20 in particular can be formed as a fibre nonwoven fabric. A plaster (not shown in the figures) can be applied to the fibre element 20.

Fig. 3 shows a section similar to Fig. 2, but representing schematically the state of the cover element 15 when a sonic pulse is applied (not true to scale). The fact that the cover 15 can vibrate freely not only above the perforations 11, but also in the edge zone 18, increases the vibratable portion of the cover 15 and larger vibration amplitudes of the cover can be achieved. As a result, more sonic energy (especially in the low-frequency range) can be transmitted to the cover 15 and thus to the soundabsorbing construction board, which enhances the degree of absorption thereof. The fastening surface 16 (see Fig. 1) extends here not only across an edge zone of the sound-absorbing construction board, but also into the interior. As a result, a robust fastening is achieved. A thickness of the edge zone can be around 5% (10%, 15%, 20%, 30% or 40%) of a line running from one edge 21 of the sound-absorbing construction board radially inward to a centre of the construction board.

Fig. 4 shows an alternative embodiment of a sound-absorbing construction board in a schematic view of the back side 13 (regarding the back side see Fig. 2). As in the embodiment of Fig. 1, here as well the perforations 11 are arranged in a grid, every four perforations 11 taking up a square configuration relative to each other (square grid). The difference from the embodiment of Fig. 1 is that overall a lesser number of adhesive strips 14 are formed. Specifically, an adhesive strip is arranged only after every second row and column of perforations. This has the consequence that each time four neighbouring perforations 11 are enclosed by the respective fastening area 19. Overall, the fastening surface 16 is reduced as compared to the embodiment of Fig. 1, so that a larger overall surface of the cover 15 is able to vibrate freely. In theory, any given number of neighbouring perforations 11 can be enclosed by a respective fastening area. In particular, every two, three, six, eight, nine or sixteen perforations can be enclosed by a respective fastening area 19 at the back side, preferably airtightly.

Fig. 5 shows a sound absorption/frequency diagram, wherein the degree of sound absorption a is plotted along the vertical axis and the frequency (in Hertz) along the horizontal axis. The curve 22 (whose individual measurement points are marked with squares) runs through the greater portion of the frequency spectrum, especially at low and medium frequencies, substantially above the curve 23 (whose individual measurement points are marked by triangles). The curve 22 corresponds to a measurement in which a sound-absorbing construction board according to the invention was used. The curve 23 corresponds to a measurement in which a corresponding cover was bonded over its entire surface to the base body. With the exception of the bonding or fastening, the same sound-absorbing construction board was used otherwise (thickness 12.5 mm, proportion of holes 19.4%, 45 x 75 rows of holes, extent 1250 x 2000 mm, density per unit area around 8.12 kg/m2, front-side cover glass floss, back-side cover polyethylene film). The measurement was done by the DIN Standard. A curve 24 (whose individual measurement points are marked with circles) corresponds to a measurement similar to curves 22 and 23, but the cover used was a microperforated polycarbonate film that was bonded for its entire surface to the base body. A curve 25 (whose individual measurement points are marked by diamonds) corresponds to a measurement with a polyethylene film as cover, wherein the other measurement parameters differ slightly in part from the measurements corresponding to the curves 22 to 24 (thickness of the construction board 12.5 mm, proportion of holes 20.8%, 45 x 77 rows of holes, extent 1196 x 1996 mm, density per unit area 8.06 kg/m2, front-side cover glass floss). The bonding points corresponding to the measurement per curve 25 were spots and full surface, which means that adhesive was distributed over the entire back side of the base body 10, but large free spaces were also present between the corresponding adhesive areas.

It should be pointed out here that all the above-described parts are claimed as essential to the invention, in themselves and in any combination, especially the details represented in the drawings. Modifications thereof are obvious to the skilled person.

List of reference symbols: 11 10 Base body Perforation 12 Front side 13 Back side 14 Adhesive strips 15 Cover 16 Fastening surface 17 Base body surface 18 Edge zone 19 Fastening area 20 Fibre element 21 Edge (of the sound-absorbing construction board) 22 Curve 23 Curve 24 Curve 25 Curve

Claims

A sound-absorbing building panel, in particular for wall or ceiling mounting, comprising a plasterboard (10) having a front side (12) facing the sound source in the built-in mode, a back side (13) facing away from the sound source in the built-in mode, and a plurality of perforations (11) comprising a predetermined geometry such as, in particular, round, oval or rectangular cross-sections extending from the front (12) through the plasterboard (10) to the back (13), and a generally air-impervious cover ( 15), wherein the perforations (11) are covered with at least one cover (15) on the rear, whereby the at least one back cover (15) is in contact with, optionally adhered to, the back of the building panel (13), so that a attachment surface is at least 10% smaller than the entire backing surface of the backside (13) of the plasterboard (10), subtracting the proportion of the perforation area on the backing.

Sound-absorbing building panel according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one back cover (15) is in connection with, in particular, adhered to the back side (13) of the building panel, so that the cover (15) can swing freely in an edge area (18) adjacent to an edge for the perforations above at least 50% of the rim, preferably above 70% of the rim, more preferably over the entire rim.

Sound-absorbing building panel according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that a section of the plasterboard (10) having a perforation or a group of at least two adjacent perforations on the back is connected in such a way as to cover (15). , in particular, adhered so that the respective perforations (11) at the rear are airtightly enclosed by an associated attachment area (19), leaving within the attachment area (19) a surface portion greater than the back perforation surfaces with the respective perforations.

Sound absorbing building panel according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one back cover (15) comprises at least one foil, in particular plastic foil.

Sound absorbing building panel according to claim 4, characterized in that the thickness of the at least one foil is 5-500 µm, preferably 10-100 µm, more preferably about 30 µm.

Sound-absorbing building panel according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the plasterboard (10) in the sound-absorbing building panel at the front, at least regionally, is covered with at least one fiber element (20), in particular non-woven. fiber.

Sound absorbing building panel according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the proportion of the surface of the fixing surface of the entire surface of the backing (13), less the backing perforation proportion, is at most 50%, preferably at most 30%, most preferably at most 10%.

Sound absorbing building panel according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the plasterboard (10) is a gypsum board or plasterboard.

Sound absorbing building panel according to any one of claims 4 to 8, characterized in that the film consists of plastic material, in particular polyethylene.

Sound absorbing building panel according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that an adhesive for attaching the at least one cover (15) consists of a thermoplastic adhesive material.

Sound absorbing building panel according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fixing surface (16) is at least partially within a peripheral area of the rear of the building panel.

Sound absorbing building panel according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the perforations (11) are arranged in a grid-like arrangement.

Sound absorbing building panel according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the perforations (11) have a constant cross-section.

Sound absorbing building panel according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fixing surface (16) comprises a plurality of adhesive strips (14), in particular a first group of adhesive strips are arranged substantially perpendicular to a second group of adhesive strips so that there is a cross-pattern arrangement.