DK201970489A1

DK201970489A1 - Brick punching system

Info

Publication number: DK201970489A1
Application number: DKPA201970489A
Authority: DK
Inventors: Leimand Henrik; Dyhr Larsen Morten
Original assignee: Fr Petersen Maskf Af 1978 A/S
Priority date: 2019-08-01
Filing date: 2019-08-01
Publication date: 2021-01-27
Also published as: DK180353B1; DE102020119426A1

Abstract

Brick punching system for a brick moulding table, where the brick punching system is arranged for punching holes in bricks, where the system comprises at least one form cavity with form sides and a back plate which constitutes a form side, where the form cavity and the back plate is arranged for displacement in relation to each other, where the system further comprises a punching die which is arranged for acting towards the back plate, where the punching die comprises punching means which is arranged for punching at least one hole in a brick and where the back plate comprises at least one hole which is complementary to the punching die, whereby it is achieved to produce a brick with at least one hole and which look soft-moulded and provides the same strength as a solid brick.

Description

DK 2019 70489 A1

BRICK PUNCHING SYSTEM The present invention relates to a brick punching system for a brick moulding table, where the brick punching system is arranged for punching holes in bricks, where the system comprises at least one form cavity with form sides and a back plate which constitutes a form side, where the form cavity and the back plate is arranged for displacement in relation to each other.

The present invention also relates to a method of punching a hole in a brick using a brick punching system and a use of the brick punching system for a brick moulding table.

Prior art There are various kinds of bricks, produced in various kinds of ways and arranged for various kinds of reasons and purposes.

Bricks were originally formed by laying clay in wooden forms. The bricks were then turned out and dried, before they were burned in ovens. To get the bricks out of the forms they were either flooded with water given the bricks a smooth surface, or the clay was rolled in sand before it was laid in the form, giving the bricks a sandy and rough surface. As the bricks produced in this way were made by hand they are called hand-moulded bricks.

Bricks are now made mechanically by means of brick moulding apparatus comprising brick moulding tables. These bricks are so-called soft-moulded bricks which are the bricks closest in form and shape to the original hand-moulded bricks.

Alternatively are bricks made by means of extrusion, where plastic deformable material is pressed against a template and extruded in certain length with the

> DK 2019 70489 A1 required perforations in terms of form and number of holes to an outer form of a bricks length x width. After the extrusion, the length of plastic deformable material is then cut with wire strings in slices of a bricks height. These bricks are so-called machine-moulded bricks In terms of the visual appearance of the bricks there are also various options for processing the surfaces e.g. by using brushes or structure cylinders. Object of the invention One object of the invention is to produce a brick with at least one hole.

Another object of the invention is to produce a brick which look soft-moulded and which provides the same strength as a solid brick.

Yet another object of the invention is to produce a brick which reduces time for drying and time for burning, which further reduces weight and reduces about 8% of the material used in a solid brick.

Description of the invention According to a first aspect of the invention, the above object is achieved with a brick punching system for a brick moulding table, of the type mentioned in the introduction, the system further comprises a punching die which is arranged for acting towards the back plate, where the punching die comprises punching means which is arranged for punching at least one hole in a brick and where the back plate comprises at least one hole which is complementary to the punching die.

Holes are defined as being either a bottom hole — a hole which one cannot look through - or a through hole — a hole which one can look through.

2 DK 2019 70489 A1 Bricks are defined as being either a brick e.g. like the ones used in Denmark with standard measures 228 x 108 x 54 mm (length x width x height) or a brick shell e.g. with the measures 228 x 25 x 54 mm (length x width x height). Bricks are further defined as being made of plastic deformable material e.g. a clay-water mixture. Form sides are defining the form of the cavity and hence the form of the brick which at this stage is constituted by plastic deformable material.

This makes it possible to arrange a brick punching system complete with forms, punching die and associated back plates at a brick moulding table. One form is the minimum amount of forms however three or four forms are often used simultaneously at each process. With at least one hole is it possible to punch a mortar pocket into the brick, where a mortar pocket is a bottom hole, punched into a part of the brick to put mortar in during bricklaying. When punching the mortar pocket into the brick an equivalent amount of material is pressed through a hole in the back plate. The back plate being complementary to the punching die means that the back plate comprises the equivalent number of holes as the punching die is arranged for punching and that the holes are arranged so that the material punched by the punching die is arranged for passing through the holes in the back plate. Among the options are bricks punched with 6 or 8 holes in two rows. In another aspect, the present invention also relates to a brick punching system where, the punching die further comprises a lid plate in order to close the form when the punching die acts against the back plate.

1 DK 2019 70489 A1 This makes it possible to keep the brick material, e.g. clay, within the form of the brick when making a bottom hole as the material is not getting pressed out of the form in the opposite direction as the punching die is acting. By closing the form by a lid the material is only arranged for move in one direction and that is in the direction of the punching and out of the form through the holes in the back plate opposite the punching die. When a through hole is getting punched the pressure is not the same as when a bottom hole, e.g. a mortar pocket, is getting punched, however it keeps the material within the form when the punching die is withdrawn. In another aspect, the present invention also relates to a brick punching system where, the punching die comprises a pipe which is arranged for making a hole in a brick and a piston arranged within the pipe which is arranged for pressing the punched material out of the pipe. This makes it possible to punch a through hole without having to press all the excess material out at once, hence in a first step punching the pipe through the material and in a second step pressing the material out of the pipe. Thereby it is possible to produce a brick which is not convex on the surface and where visually the edges appear sharper. The punching process could be conducted in several steps or preferably in just one continuously movement.

In another aspect, the present invention also relates to a brick punching system where, the punching die comprises punching means which is arranged for punching e.g. square, elongated or preferably circular holes in a brick. This makes it possible to punch various holes in a brick depending on the purpose of which the brick is produced. Variations are then plenty. Architects and på DK 2019 70489 A1 other building designers use from time to time the largest surface of a brick - which is normally where the punches are — at the visible part of the brick. In another aspect, the present invention also relates to a brick punching system where, holes are 20-30 mm, preferably 23-27 mm, further preferably 25 mm in diameter. This makes it possible to punch various sizes of holes in a brick depending on the purpose of which the brick is produced. Variations are also plenty in this regard, few holes with a larger diameter or many holes with smaller diameter. In another aspect, the present invention also relates to a brick punching system where, the punching die comprises punching means which is arranged for punching exactly three circular holes each of 25 mm in diameter in a brick.

This makes it possible to produce a brick with the same strength as a solid brick, but a brick which reduces time for drying and time for burning, which further reduces weight and reduces about 8% of the material used in a solid brick. The excess material is then recycled and used to new bricks, hence there is a benefit regarding material costs, production cost as well as the working environment. In another aspect, the present invention also relates to a brick punching system where, the punching die comprises at least one spring arranged for spring- loading the punching die.

This makes it possible to use springs for the purpose of returning at least part of the punching die to a normal unloaded position out of contact with the brick. In another aspect, the present invention also relates to a brick punching system where, the punching die is driven by an actuator.

p DK 2019 70489 A1 This makes it possible to use actuators, which is either electrical, pneumatically or hydraulically driven. In yet another aspect, the present invention also relates to a method of punching a hole in a brick using a brick punching system where the method comprises at least the following step: Step 1: at least one form cavity with form sides and a back plate which constitutes a form side is filled with plastic deformable material constituting a brick, characterized in that the method further comprises the following steps: Step 2: the punching die act towards the back plate, and punching means punch at least one hole in a brick, Step 3: plastic deformable material is pressed through at least one hole in the back plate which is complementary to the punching die.

This makes it possible to produce a brick with at least one hole. It makes it further possible to recycle the excess material and to use it to new bricks, hence there is a benefit e.g. regarding material costs and production cost.

The excess material is returned to the moulding table via the container placed above the moulding table, where the material normally is stirred and mixed with other material before being reused.

In a further aspect, the present invention also relates to a use of the brick punching system for a brick moulding table, for punching holes in bricks.

This makes it possible to punch holes in bricks in a very efficient way and in the same setup as the brick forming.

In an even further aspect, the present invention also relates to a use of the method for establishing at least one hole in a brick formed in a form cavity.

, DK 2019 70489 A1 This makes it possible to use the method for a variety of bricks with different numbers, sizes and shapes of holes.

Drawing The invention will be described in further detail below by means of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the drawing, in which: Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of Brick moulding apparatus, Fig. 2 shows a view of a brick moulding apparatus seen from above, Fig. 3 shows a view of a brick moulding apparatus seen from above with another position of the conveyor belt, Fig. 4 shows a perspective view of a punching system, Fig. 5 shows punching means for punching holes in a brick, Fig. 6 shows a sectional drawing of the punching means for punching holes in a brick, Fig. 7 shows a back plate for a punching means to punch holes in bricks, Fig. 8 shows a brick with three circular punched holes, Fig. 9 shows punching means for punching a mortar pockets in a brick, Fig. 10 shows a sectional drawing of the punching means for punching mortar pockets in bricks, Fig. 11 shows a back plate for a punching means for punching a mortar pocket in a brick, Fig. 12 — shows a brick with a punched mortar pocket, Fig. 13 — shows a moulding table with two different set ups, Fig. 14 shows a moulding table with one set up.

In the drawing, the following reference numerals have been used for the designations used in the detailed part of the description: 1 Brick moulding apparatus 2 Material container

8 DK 2019 70489 A1 3 Brick moulding table 4 Form cavity Brick punching system 6 Punching die 5 7 Punching means 8 Actuator 9 Stepping means Center axis, Brick moulding table 11 Form side 10 12 Conveyer belt 13 Spring 14 Pipe Piston 16 Back plate 15 17 Circular hole 18 Brick 19 Mortar pocket Elongated hole 20 Detailed description of the invention Figure 1 shows a perspective view of brick moulding apparatus 1, where a material container 2 is placed above a brick moulding table 3 with form cavities 4. The brick moulding table 3 has a brick punching system 5 with a punching die 6 comprising punching means 7, where the punching die 6 is driven by an actuator

8. The brick moulding apparatus 1 has stepping means 9 arranged for stepwise angular rotation of the brick moulding table 3 about the center axis 10 of the brick moulding table 3.

o DK 2019 70489 A1 Figure 1 and subsequent figures shows two types of punching means 7 at the same punching die 6. This is merely shown for illustration purposes. During production of bricks there will only be one type of punching means 7 at a punching die 6.

Figure 2 shows a view of a brick moulding apparatus 1 seen from above, where form cavities 4 with form sides 11 are shown and where the brick moulding table 3 at each stepwise angular rotation comprises the same form cavity 4. A conveyer belt 12 is shown below the brick moulding table 3 at the point of ejection when using 180 degrees of the rotation of the brick moulding table 3. Figure 3 shows a view of a brick moulding apparatus 3 seen from above with another position of the conveyor belt 12, where instead of using 180 degrees of the rotation of the brick moulding table 3, a larger angular part is used.

Figure 4 shows a perspective view of a punching system 5 with a punching die 6 comprising punching means 7, where the punching die 6 is driven by an actuator

8. The stepping means 9 arranged for stepwise angular rotation of the brick moulding table 3 about the center axis 10 of the brick moulding table 3 is also shown. Figure 5 shows punching means 7 for punching exactly three circular holes 17 in a brick (see figure 8), where springs 13 are arranged for spring-loading the punching die 6 and where a pipe 14 is arranged for making each hole 17 and a piston 15 is arranged for pressing the punched material out of the pipe 14. Figure 6 shows a sectional drawing of the punching means 7. Figure 7 shows a back plate 16 for a punching means 7 for punching exactly three circular holes 17 in a brick (see figure 8) where the holes 17 in the back

0 DK 2019 70489 A1 plate 16 are complementary to the pipes 14 in the punching means 7 and where the back plate 16 constitutes a form side 11 of the form cavity 4. Figure 8 shows a brick 18 with three circular punched holes 17.

Figure 9 shows punching means 7 for punching a mortar pocket 19 in a brick (see figure 12), where springs 13 are arranged for spring-loading the punching die 6 and where a lid plate 19 is arranged in order to close the form cavities in the brick moulding table 3 when the punching means 7 is acting against the back plate 16 (see figure 11). Figure 10 shows a sectional drawing of the punching means 7. Figure 11 shows a back plate 16 for a punching means 7 for punching a mortar pocket 19 in a brick (see figure 12), where the elongated hole 20 in the back plate 16 are complementary to the mortar pocket 19 which is punched in the brick 18 and where the back plate 16 constitutes a form side 11 of the form cavity

4. Figure 12 shows a brick 18 with a punched mortar pocket 19. Figure 13 shows a moulding table 3 with two different set ups, where the brick moulding table 3 at every other stepwise angular rotation of the brick moulding table 3 comprises the same form cavity 4. The two different form cavities are numbered 21 and 22. Figure 14 shows a moulding table 3 with one set up, where the brick moulding table 3 at each stepwise angular rotation of the brick moulding table 3 comprises the same form cavity 4.

Claims

iy DK 2019 70489 A1 CLAIMS

1. Brick punching system (5) for a brick moulding table (3), where the brick punching system (5) is arranged for punching holes in bricks (18), where the system comprises at least one form cavity (4) with form sides (11) and a back plate (16) which constitutes a form side (11), where the form cavity (4) and the back plate (16) is arranged for displacement in relation to each other, characterized in that the system further comprises a punching die (6) which is arranged for acting towards the back plate (16), where the punching die (6) comprises punching means (7) which is arranged for punching at least one hole in a brick (18) and where the back plate (16) comprises at least one hole which is complementary to the punching die (6).

2. Brick punching system (5) according to claim 1, characterized in that the punching die (6) further comprises a lid plate in order to close the form when the punching die (6) acts against the back plate (16).

3. Brick punching system (5) according to any of the claims 1 to 2, characterized in that the punching die (6) comprises a pipe (14) which is arranged for making a hole in a brick (18) and a piston (15) arranged within the pipe (14) which is arranged for pressing the punched material out of the pipe (14).

4. Brick punching system (5) according to any of the claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the punching die (6) comprises punching means (7) which is arranged for punching e.g. square, elongated or preferably circular holes (17) in a brick (18).

5. Brick punching system (5) stem according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that holes are 20-30 mm, preferably 23-27 mm, further preferably 25 mm in diameter.

12 DK 2019 70489 A1

6. Brick punching system (5) according to any of the claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the punching die (6) comprises punching means (7) which is arranged for punching exactly three circular holes (17) each of 25 mm in diameter in a brick (18).

7. Brick punching system (5) according to any of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the punching die (6) comprises at least one spring (13) arranged for spring- loading the punching die (6).

8. Brick punching system (5) according to any of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the punching die (6) is driven by an actuator (8).

9. Method of punching a hole in a brick (18) using a brick punching system (5) according to any of the claims 1 to 8, the method comprises at least the following step: Step 1: at least one form cavity (4) with form sides (11) and a back plate (16) which constitutes a form side (11) is filled with plastic deformable material constituting a brick (18), characterized in that the method further comprises the following steps: Step 2: the punching die (6) act towards the back plate (16), and punching means (7) punch at least one hole in a brick (18), Step 3: plastic deformable material is pressed through at least one hole in the back plate (16) which is complementary to the punching die (6).

10. Use of the brick punching system (5) for a brick moulding table (3), according to any of the claims 1 to 8, for punching holes in bricks (18).

11. Use of the method according to claim 9, for establishing at least one hole in a brick (18) formed in a form cavity (4).