DK201170490A

DK201170490A - Pitch lock system

Info

Publication number: DK201170490A
Application number: DKPA201170490A
Authority: DK
Inventors: Soerensen Carsten Bendix
Original assignee: Envision Energy Denmark Aps
Priority date: 2011-09-02
Filing date: 2011-09-02
Publication date: 2013-03-03
Also published as: CA2788169A1; CN102979673A; EP2565441B1; CN102979673B; DK177578B1; EP2565441A1; US20130058784A1; ES2644562T3; US9181926B2

Description

Pitch Lock System Field of the Invention

The present invention relates to a pitch lock system for a wind turbine with a rotor, said rotor comprising at least one pitchable blade, said at least one blade being a traditional pitch blade connected to said rotor at a interface or being at least one partial pitch blade, said at least one partial pitch blade comprising a outer blade part and a inner blade part, where said blade parts are interconnected at a interface, said interface comprising a pitch bearing construction with a first bearing ring and a second bearing ring, for pitching at least a part of said blade in relation to said rotor.

Background of the Invention

It is well known that wind turbines have some kind of brake or lock system for braking and/or locking the rotor of the turbine in a specific position during repair work or other situations where there is a need for a secure stand still of the rotor. Also systems for locking the individual blades of a wind turbine in specific positions are known. DE 10 2004 017 323 A1 teach a solution to the problem with slack and wear between the parts that are used for pitching a blade for a wind turbine into certain positions. The problem can be solved by using some kind of locking mechanism e.g. a bolt that is placed in a corresponding hole or by having some kind of brake mechanism build into the pitch bearing. Such a brake system can be a disc brake, a magnet brake or a drum brake. By using a bolt lock mechanism a very simple solution is obtained, but the blade can only be locked in predetermined positions and thus the solution is somewhat static. By using a brake system, the possibility to position the blade in a very specific position is possible, but installing a brake system is a rather complex job and further the system can not provide a foolproof locking of the blade. US 2011/0044813 A1 also shows a pitch lock mechanism, for locking the pitch bearing system in a fixed position, but this system has the disadvantage that the pitch bearing only can be locked in one or more specific positions, which does not allow for dynamic and free choice of locking position. This system has the same drawbacks as the system discussed above. EP 1 167 754 A2 concerns a locking mechanism for a wind turbine rotor, where the locking mechanism is integrated into a disc brake system. In one embodiment of the system, the disc is locked in a fixed position by a toothed segment, and in another embodiment the disc can be turned by the locking parts. A brake or lock system for a pitch bearing construction on a wind turbine is normally arranged between the outer ring and the inner ring of a pitch bearing, which typically is a ball bearing. The outer ring will often be fixed to the hub of a wind turbine and the inner ring will be fixed to the blade The blade will thus be able to be pitched - turned -in a longitudinal direction of the blade. This movement will often be facilitated by an electro motor and a gear unit or by a hydraulic unit. The unit will normally be acting with a sprocket on a toothed element on the inner ring of said bearing. The pitch bearing construction can be held in a given position, but at the interface between the sprocket and the toothed element is the teeth of the parts; there will always be some slack between the parts. Further the unit cannot provide a safe and secure mechanical locking of the pitch bearing construction.

None of the above mentioned systems show a pitch lock system for a wind turbine that solves the problem of preventing slack in the system and at the same time being a sturdy and robust locking system, comprising a mechanical lock, where the locking position is completely individual, meaning that the pitch bearing construction can be locked in every possible position.

Object of the Invention

It is an object of the invention to provide a pitch lock system for a pitch bearing construction on a wind turbine that provides a mechanical lock, said mechanical lock being possible to activate at every possible position of the pitch bearing construction. Further it is the object of the invention to interact with constructional parts of said pitch bear ing construction in order to minimise the need for installing additional parts in said construction.

Description of the Invention

As mentioned above the invention relates to a pitch lock system for a wind turbine comprising a pitch bearing construction with a first bearing ring and a second bearing ring, for pitching at least a part of a blade in relation to a rotor. The invention relates to a pitch lock system to be used in relation with a pitch bearing construction for a traditional pitch controlled wind turbine, but also to pitch bearing constructions for the type of wind turbines known as partial pitch wind turbines, where the pitch bearing construction is arranged between an inner blade part and an outer blade part.

Further the pitch lock system comprises a movable toothed segment for interacting with at least one toothed element, where said toothed segment is in fixed connection with one of the first or the second bearing ring, and where said toothed element is in fixed connection with the other of the first or second bearing ring, and where the pitch lock system further comprises an actuator for activating and moving said movable toothed segment into engagement with said toothed element and thus locking the pitch bearing construction. By activating the toothed segment it is moved into contact with the toothed element and thus locking the pitch bearing in the actual position. The toothed element can be installed with the sole purpose of locking the pitch bearing, but is preferably the same toothed element that is used for pitching the outer blade part via means designed for that purpose. Typically the pitch bearing comprises a toothed element along the inner edge on one of the bearing parts which is in mechanical engagement with a gear mechanism by which the pitch bearing can be moved. By using the same toothed element for locking the pitch bearing, there is no need for installing further means, but the movable toothed segment that when interacting with the toothed element will lock the rotor.

In a preferred embodiment of a pitch lock system according to the invention, the toothed element has a circular arc shape, where the teeth are placed on the inside of said circular arc. This allows for the locking system to be installed inside a blade together with other parts of a pitch bearing. A pitch lock system for a wind turbine according to the invention can in a preferred embodiment comprise a toothed segment comprising at least two teeth, where said at least two teeth are arranged for engaging with at least two corresponding teeth on said toothed element. By having an engagement of at least two teeth and preferably by even more teeth, a very strong, robust and solid locking is possible compared to only having one tooth engaged, where the load has to be carried by the very small contact area where one tooth on a locking element is engaged with the flanks of two teeth on the other part or vice versa.

In yet another embodiment of a pitch lock system for a wind turbine according to the invention, the toothed segment is arranged on a fixture, where said fixture comprises means for sideways adjusting of the fixture in relation to the toothed element. By having such a fixture it becomes possible to lock the pitch bearing system in any possible position, as the fixture allows the toothed segment to be positioned in exactly the right position in relating to the toothed element. With a solution according to the invention, a pitch bearing system can be locked in any specific angular position, and does not rely on locking bolts or apertures therefore to be aligned in one of a few specific positions.

Such a fixture can be made with long holes for manually positioning and fixation prior to locking the pitch bearing system, but it can also be made more automatically. A pitch lock system for a wind turbine according to the invention comprising a fixture for sideways adjusting of a toothed segment can, as mentioned, be designed for automatic sideways adjusting, where said means comprises at least one guide rail, for guiding the toothed segment to the side, if and/or when the teeth of the respective parts are in a colliding position where the toothed segment is arranged on a sliding block, said sliding block being guided by said at least one guide rail. By installing the toothed segment on a sliding block, it becomes possible to move the toothed segment into a position where an exact and precise locking can be effected. The guide rail secures that the sliding block is moved along a predetermined track in order to make a proper and perfect engagement between the toothed segment and the toothed element.

In a preferred embodiment of a pitch lock system for a wind turbine according to the invention, the fixture comprises biasing means for biasing said sliding block in a direction towards the toothed element. By having said biasing means e.g. one or more mechanical springs, the sliding block will always - when activated - be pushed towards an engaged and locked position. This and other of the embodiments will be explained by examples in the drawings and in the detailed descriptions of said drawings.

In one embodiment of a pitch lock system for a wind turbine, according to the invention, at least one guide rail is arranged with an angle to the radial direction in the pitch bearing and substantially in the same plane as the pitch bearing construction. When the toothed segment is activated to move towards the toothed element, and thus into engagement between the parts, the toothed segment will always be guided or forced into a position where the teeth are aligned. In other words the toothed segment which is installed on a sliding block will be guided into a sideways motion and into a perfect position prior to full engagement and locking.

In one embodiment of a pitch lock system for a wind turbine, according to the invention, the teeth on the toothed segment are constructed with the same shape as the teeth on the toothed element. In another embodiment of the invention, the teeth on the toothed segment are constructed with a complementary shape to the shape of the teeth on the toothed element. In the last mentioned situation, a very firm locking is obtained as the teeth on the toothed element are completely covered on the load carrying faces. This way there is a larger contact area between the two active toothed parts.

The invention further comprises a wind turbine comprising at least one pitch lock system where the wind turbine is a two bladed wind turbine.

Description of the Drawing

An embodiment of the invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 shows a pitch bearing comprising a pitch lock system.

Fig. 2 shows an isometric view of an unlocked pitch bearing construction.

Fig. 3 shows an isometric view of a locked pitch bearing construction.

Fig. 4 shows a pitch lock system with a sideways adjustable fixture.

Fig. 5 shows a first position of a pitch lock system with an automatic sideways ad justable fixture.

Fig. 6 shows second position of a pitch lock system with an automatic sideways adjustable fixture.

Fig. 7 shows a third position of a pitch lock system with an automatic sideways adjustable fixture.

In the following text, the figures will be described one by one and the different parts and positions seen in the figures will be numbered with the same numbers in the different figures. Not all parts and positions indicated in a specific figure will necessarily be discussed together with that figure.

Position number list 1 Pitch bearing system 2 First bearing ring 3 Second bearing ring 4 Pitch lock system 5 Pitch drive 6 Pitch gear 7 Toothed element 8 Actuator 9 Toothed segment 10 Bracket 11 Construction part/stiffener spoke 12 Sideways adjustable fixture 13 Long holes 14 Bolts and nuts 15 Sidebars 16 Guide rails 17 Spring

Detailed Description of the Invention

In fig. 1, a pitch bearing construction 1 with a first bearing ring 2 and a second bearing ring 3 comprising a pitch lock system 4 and a pitch drive 5 is seen. On the first bearing ring 2 the pitch drive 5 is arranged with a pitch gear 6 that interacts with a toothed element 7 on the second bearing ring 3. By activating the pitch drive 5, the pitch gear 6 will rotate and thus rotate the second bearing ring 3 in relation to the first bearing ring 2. Typically the inner part of a partial pitch blade will be mounted to the flange of the first bearing ring 2 and the outer blade part will be mounted to the flange of the second bearing ring 3, but installation can also be done vice versa. The pitch gear 6 is only engaging the toothed element 7 with a single tooth as usual in such mechanisms and does as such not provide for a sufficient locking, although the pitch drive 5 is self locking.

The pitch lock system 4 is seen comprising an actuator 8 for moving a toothed segment 9 into engagement with the toothed element 7. With this solution, several teeth on the toothed segment are brought into engagement with the toothed element 7, and a very rigid and solid locking is performed.

Fig. 2 shows an isometric view of an unlocked pitch bearing construction 1, where the pitch lock system 4 is seen in a simple set up. The actuator 8 and the toothed segment 9 are arranged in a kind of bracket 10 and are fixed to a construction part/stiffener spoke 11 connected to the first bearing ring 2.

Fig. 3 shows the same isometric view as seen in fig. 2, but in this figure the actuator 8 is activated and the toothed segment 9 is forced into engagement with the toothed element 7, thus locking the pitch bearing construction 1. The actuator 8 can be hydraulically, pneumatically, electrically or even manually operated. The purpose of the actuator 8 is to advance the toothed segment 9 into engagement with the toothed element 7 as seen in this figure.

In fig. 4, a pitch lock system 4 is seen, where the actuator 8 and the toothed segment 9 are arranged on a fixture 12, said fixture being sideways adjustable and arranged on a construction part/stiffener spoke 11 which is in fixed connection with the first bearing ring 2. As the fixture 12 can be adjusted in long holes 13 in relation to the teeth of the toothed element 7/second bearing ring 3, the pitch lock system 4 can be positioned in exactly the right position, which allows for locking the pitch bearing construction 1 in any position. After positioning the fixture 12, it can be manually tightened via bolts and nuts 14, to the construction part/stiffener spoke 11, or a not shown mechanical semi or fully automatic system can be used for tightening the fixture 12 in the right position.

Further the toothed segment 9 is arranged on the fixture 12 between two sidebars 15, where the sidebars 15 guide the toothed segment 9, when it is moved between a retracted position, as seen in this figure, into an active position where the toothed segment 9 is engaged with the toothed element 7. In figures 1, 2 and 3, the toothed segment 9 is guided by the actuator 8 and the bracket 10.

Fig. 5 shows another solution where the pitch lock system 4 is seen in a first position and with another kind of sideways adjustable fixture 12. The system 4 comprises an actuator 8 in connection with the toothed segment 9, guided by the sidebars 15. In this situation the teeth of the toothed segment 9 are facing the teeth on the toothed element 7, and thus the pitch locking system 4 cannot be engaged without a sideways adjusting. This is done automatically with this construction, as the actuator 8 and the toothed segment 9 are arranged on a fixture 12 that will slide back and to the side when the pitch lock system 4 is activated by means of putting pressure on the actuator 8. The fixture 12 is arranged in connection with guide rails 16 having an angle to the toothed element that allows for a sideways adjusting. In a not active position, the fixture 12 is held in the position seen in fig. 5 by a spring 17. The spring 17 can be a typically mechanical spring of any kind, but also a pneumatic spring or an elastomer or any other type of resilient material can be used.

In fig. 6, the same construction is seen in a second position, where the fixture 12 is sliding backwards against the spring 17, and thus the teeth of the toothed segment 9 are moved sideways.

In fig. 7, a third position of a pitch lock system 4 with a sideways adjustable fixture 14 is seen. Now the fixture has been moved further back and to the side, guided by the guide rails 16 and into the exact position where the teeth on the toothed segment 9 fit right in between the teeth on the toothed element 7.

The invention is not limited to the embodiments described herein, and may be modified or adapted without departing from the scope of the present invention as described in the patent claims below.