DK200801338A - A pipe system, a gas sensing system for a pipe system, and a method of determining a gas component in a cavity of a pipe - Google Patents
A pipe system, a gas sensing system for a pipe system, and a method of determining a gas component in a cavity of a pipe Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DK200801338A DK200801338A DKPA200801338A DKPA200801338A DK200801338A DK 200801338 A DK200801338 A DK 200801338A DK PA200801338 A DKPA200801338 A DK PA200801338A DK PA200801338 A DKPA200801338 A DK PA200801338A DK 200801338 A DK200801338 A DK 200801338A
- Authority
- DK
- Denmark
- Prior art keywords
- pipe
- gas
- pipe system
- sensing
- light
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/1702—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated with opto-acoustic detection, e.g. for gases or analysing solids
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
Claims (73)
1. A pipe system comprising a pipe, a gas sensing station and a remote output system, the pipe comprises a pipe gas cavity extending lengthwise in part or all of the length of the pipe, the gas sensing station comprises a sensing gas cavity which is in gas communication with the pipe gas cavity, the sensing gas cavity comprises a photoacoustic spectroscope, the pipe system comprises at least one optical feeding fiber for feeding light to the photoacoustic spectroscope and a transmission path for transferring a signal from the photoacoustic spectroscope to the remote output system, the transmission path from the gas sensing station to the remote output system is an optical transmission path.
2. A pipe system as claimed in claim 1 wherein the pipe is a flexible pipe comprising at least two unbonded layers, an umbilical or a rigid pipe comprising a pipe-in-pipe structure.
3. A pipe system as claimed in claim 1 wherein the pipe is flexible pipe comprising from inside out an internal sheath, one or more armouring layers and an outer sheath, said internal sheath preferably forming a resistance or barrier against the outflow of liquid gas which is conveyed through the pipe through said flow channel, and said outer sheath preferably forming a barrier against ingress of liquid.
4. A pipe system as claimed in any one of claims 2 and 3 wherein the pipe comprises an internal sheath and an outer sheath, and optionally one or more intermediate sheaths, preferably at least two of said sheaths form a barrier against gas, the pipe gas cavity being provided between said two barrier sheaths.
5. A pipe system as claimed in claim 2 wherein the pipe is an umbilical and comprises an outer sheath, and optionally one or more intermediate sheaths and/or an internal sheath, the pipe gas cavity being provided internally to said outer sheath.
6. A pipe system as claimed in claim 2 wherein the pipe is a rigid pipe comprising a pipe-in-pipe structure with a first pipe surrounding a second pipe, the pipe gas cavity being provided between the first and the second pipe.
7. A pipe system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein said pipe gas cavity is an annular gas cavity.
8. A pipe system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein said pipe gas cavity extends along the length of the pipe in a length of at least about 1 m, such as at least about 10 m, such as at least about 25 m, such as at least about 50 m, such as at least about 100 m, such as between about 50 and about 3000 m, the gas cavity optionally comprises one or more armouring layer of the pipe, and/or one or more optical fibers, such as an optical fiber for monitoring temperatures along the length of the pipe and or measuring mechanical properties along the length of the pipe.
9. A pipe system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein the remote detector system comprises at least one light source optically connected to said photoacoustic spectroscope via said at least one feeding fiber.
10. A pipe system as claimed in claim 9 wherein the remote detector system comprises a light source optically connected to said photoacoustic spectroscope via said feeding fiber for feeding pulsed and/or modulated light into said photoacoustic spectroscope.
11. A pipe system as claimed in any one of claims 9 and 10 wherein the light source comprises at least one of a gas discharge lamp e.g. a xenon based light source, a laser, a light emitting diode (LED) and a semiconductor diode laser, preferably the light source being a laser such as a laser selected from supercontinuum lasers, said light source preferably being a broad spectered light source.
12. A pipe system as claimed in any one of claims 9-11 wherein the light source comprises at least one tunable laser.
13. A pipe system as claimed in any one of claims 9-12 wherein the light comprises wavelengths which are at least partly absorbable by at least one of water vapour, methane (CH4), hydrogen sulphide (H2S), Carbon monoxide (CO), Carbon dioxide (C02), Oxygen (02) and hydrogen (H2).
14. A pipe system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims 9-13 wherein said light source emits light comprising wavelengths in the range of about 10"10 to about 10"2 meters, such as about 10"7 to about 10"5 meters e.g. about 1-10 pm, or such as about 10'9 to about 10"7 meters, e.g. about 400 -600 nm.
15. A pipe system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein said gas sensing station is separated from but in gas communication with said pipe gas cavity.
16. A pipe system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein said photoacoustic spectroscope comprises a detection space, said detection space being a part of or the whole sensing gas cavity of the gas sensing station, said feeding fiber being arranged to feed light to said detection space.
17. A pipe system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims 9-16 wherein said photoacoustic spectroscope comprises an acoustic detector arranged to detect gas pressure changes occurring as a result of stimulation of the gas in the photoacoustic spectroscope with light.
18. A pipe system as claimed in claim 17 wherein said acoustic detector comprises at least one amplifier, the amplifier preferably being in the form of a tuning fork comprising at least two prongs, the detection space comprises a space between said two prongs.
19. A pipe system as claimed in claim 18 wherein said acoustic detector comprises a microphone for detecting the gas pressure changes as sound waves.
20. A pipe system as claimed in claim 19 wherein said microphone is in electrical communication with a transducer for converting electrical signals from said microphone into optical signals, said optical signals being transmitted along said optical transmission path.
21. A pipe system as claimed in claim 17 wherein said acoustic detector comprises at least one piezoelectric crystal for detecting the gas pressure changes.
22. A pipe system as claimed in claim 21 wherein said piezoelectric crystal mounted on a tuning fork comprising at least two prongs, the detection space preferably comprises a space between said two prongs.
23. A pipe system as claimed in any one of claims 21 and 22 wherein said piezoelectric crystal is in electrical communication with a transducer for converting electrical signals from said piezoelectric crystal into optical signals, said optical signals being transmitted along said optical transmission path.
24. A pipe system as claimed in claim 17 wherein said acoustic detector comprises at least one analogue detector for detecting the gas pressure changes, said analogue detector is in electrical communication with a transducer for converting electrical signals from said analogue detector into optical signals, said optical signals being transmitted along said optical transmission path.
25. A pipe system as claimed in any one of claims 17-24 comprising a transducer for converting electrical signals into optical signals, said transducer comprises an analogue-digital converter and an electromagnetic generator.
26. A pipe system as claimed in claim 25 wherein said electromagnetic generator is a light emitter.
27. A pipe system as claimed in any one of claims 1-17 wherein said photoacoustic spectroscope comprises an acoustic detector comprising a piezoelectric crystal in electrical communication with an analogue-to digital transducer, which analogue-to digital transducer is connected to a light emitter.
28. A pipe system as claimed in any one of claims 26 and 27 wherein the light emitter is a laser preferably selected from a light-emitting diode (LED) and a semiconductor laser such as a Vertical cavity surface-emitting laser (VICSEL).
29. A pipe system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein the pipe system comprises at least one amplifier for amplifying the signal from the photoacoustic spectroscope, said amplifier being arranged at the gas sensing station.
30. A pipe system as claimed in claim 29 wherein said photoacoustic spectroscope comprises an acoustic detector comprising a piezoelectric crystal in electrical communication with an analogue-to digital transducer, which analogue-to digital transducer is connected to a light emitter, said amplifier being applied to amplify the electrical signal prior to converting the signal in the analogue-to digital transducer.
31. A pipe system as claimed in claim 29 wherein said photoacoustic spectroscope comprises an acoustic detector comprising a piezoelectric crystal in electrical communication with an analogue-to digital transducer, which analogue-to digital transducer is connected to a light emitter, said amplifier being applied to amplify the optical signal.
32. A pipe system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein a local battery is located in the gas sensing station, the local battery optionally being connected to an energy supply such as a solar cell and/or an optical fiber.
33. A pipe system as claimed in claim 32 wherein the local battery is arranged to feed energy for the transmission of signals from the gas sensing station to the remote output system.
34. A pipe system as claimed in claim 32 wherein the local battery is arranged to feed energy to at least one of an amplifier, an analogue-to-digital converter and a light emitter.
35. A pipe system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein said photoacoustic spectroscope comprises a detection space, said optical feeding fiber being arranged to feed light to stimulate gas in said detection space.
36. A pipe system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein said optical feeding fiber is arranged to feed light to at least one energy consuming element in said gas sensing station to provide said at least one energy consuming element with energy, said at least one energy consuming element being selected from a laser, an amplifier and a transducer.
37. A pipe system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein said system comprises at least one secondary optical feeding fiber arranged to feed light to at least one energy consuming element in said gas sensing station to provide said at least one energy consuming element with energy, said at least one energy consuming element being selected from a laser, an amplifier and a transducer.
38. A pipe system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims comprising a first and a second optical feeding fiber for feeding light to the photoacoustic spectroscope, said photoacoustic spectroscope comprises an acoustic detector and a detection space, said first feeding fiber being arranged to feed light to said detection space and said second feeding fiber being arranged to supply energy to at least one energy consuming element.
39. A pipe system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein the detected signal is transported from said photoacoustic spectroscope to said remote output system in the form of electromagnetic waves, preferably optical signals radio signals, microwave signals and/or infrared signals.
40. A pipe system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein essentially all energy transported between said remote output system and said gas sensing station is in the form of optical energy, said optical energy preferably being transported in one or more optical fibers.
41. A pipe system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein the remote output system comprises an analyzer, said analyzer preferably being optically connected to said photoacoustic spectroscope for receiving optical output from said photoacoustic spectroscope.
42. A pipe system as claimed in claim 41, wherein said analyzer is capable of analyzing at least a fraction of light supplied from said photoacoustic spectroscope, said analyzer preferably comprises a computer.
43. A pipe system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims 41 and 42, wherein said analyzer is capable of analyzing light from said photoacoustic spectroscope to detect the presence and preferably the amount of water vapour and/or one or more of the components selected from oxygen, hydrogen, methane, hydrogen sulphides and carbon dioxides.
44. A pipe system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein the remote output system comprises a light source and an analyzer, said light source and said analyzer being optically coupled such that the gas sensing station is capable of comparing the wavelengths and/or intensities of the emitted light with the output from the photoacoustic spectroscope.
45. A pipe system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein at least one active element of the remote output system is placed at a distance from the gas sensing station which is at least about 2 m, such as at least about 5 m, such as at least about 10 m, such as at least about 25 m, wherein the active elements are selected from said light source and said analyzer.
46. A pipe system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein the remote output system is placed at a distance from the gas sensing station which is at least about 2 m, such as at least about 5 m, such as at least about 10 m, such as at least about 25 m.
47. A pipe system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein the remote output system is placed at a distance from the pipe which is at least about 2 m, such as at least about 5 m, such as at least about 10 m, such as at least about 25 m.
48. A pipe system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein the remote output system is collected in a single unit.
49. A pipe system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein the remote output system comprises two or more units placed side by side or at a distance from each other.
50. A pipe system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein the remote output system comprises at least one light source and at least one analyzer, said remote output system being optically connected to two or more gas sensing stations, preferably said light analyzer and being optically coupled to two or more photoacoustic spectroscopes.
51. A pipe system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein the remote output system comprises at least two light sources and one, two or more analyzers, said remote output system being optically connected to two or more gas sensing stations.
52. A pipe system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein the pipe system comprises two or more remote output systems, said two or more remote output systems may or may not be interconnected, such as optically interconnected.
53. A pipe system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein the pipe system comprises two or more gas sensing stations with respectively one or more sensing gas cavities, the sensing gas cavities of said two or more gas sensing stations being in gas communication with one or more gas cavities.
54. A pipe system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein said pipe system comprises two or more gas cavities, said two or more gas cavities preferably being in gas communication with one or more sensing gas cavities.
55. A pipe system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein a valve and/or a filter is/are arranged in the sensing gas cavity to control/adjust the pressure in said sensing gas cavity.
56. A pipe system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein the pipe comprises an end fitting, said gas sensing station being integrated in said end fitting.
57. A pipe system as claimed in claim 56 wherein said end fitting comprises said sensing gas cavity which is in gas communication with the gas cavity, preferably a valve and/or a filter is arranged between said sensing gas cavity and said gas cavity.
58. A pipe system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims 1-55 wherein the gas sensing station is external to the pipe.
59. A pipe system as claimed in claim 58 wherein the pipe comprises an access opening into said gas cavity through which said sensing gas cavity is in gas communication with said gas cavity, said access opening preferably being provided with a valve and/or a filter.
60. A pipe system as claimed in claim 59 wherein the pipe comprises an end fitting, said access opening into said gas cavity being provided via said end fitting.
61. A pipe system as claimed in claim 60 wherein the gas sensing station is fixed to said end fitting, preferably by use of one or more of a snap-lock, a bolt-nut arrangement.
62. A pipe system as claimed in claim 60 wherein the gas sensing station is connected to said end fitting, via a tube fixed to respectively said gas sensing station and said end fitting.
63. A pipe system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein said pipe is an offshore pipe preferably applied to transfer a gas from one offshore station, such as from the sea bed, to an onshore station or another offshore station, such as a platform or a ship.
64. A pipe system as claimed in claim 63 wherein said pipe is a riser pipe.
65. A pipe system as claimed in claim 64 wherein said riser comprises an end fitting for connection to an offshore station, such as a platform or a ship, said gas sensing station being integrated in said end-fitting or being in gas communication with said gas cavity via said end-fitting and said remote output system being placed at said offshore station.
66. A pipe system as claimed in claim 65 wherein said riser comprises an end fitting, connecting two length sections of the pipe to each other, said pipe further being connected to an offshore station, such as a platform or a ship, said gas sensing station being integrated in said connecting fitting or being in gas communication with said gas cavity via said end fitting, and said remote output system being placed at said offshore station.
67. A gas sensing system for sensing a gas in a cavity of a pipe, said gas sensing system comprises a gas sensing station and a remote output system, said gas sensing station comprises a sensing gas cavity comprising a photoacoustic spectroscope, said remote output system comprises at least one light source and an analyzer, said at least one light source being optically connected to said photoacoustic spectroscope for feeding said photoacoustic spectroscope, said photoacoustic spectroscope further being optically connected to said analyzer for analyzing signals from said photoacoustic spectroscope, said gas sensing station being arranged to be connected to a pipe with a gas cavity to provide a gas communication between said gas cavity and said sensing gas cavity.
68. A gas sensing system as claimed in claim 67 wherein said at least one light source is optically connected to said photoacoustic spectroscope by at least one optical feeding fiber.
69. A gas sensing system as claimed in any one of claims 67 and 68 wherein said system comprises an optical transmission path for transferring a signal from the photoacoustic spectroscope to the remote output system, the transmission path from the gas sensing station to the remote output system preferably being provided by an optical fiber.
70. A gas sensing system as claimed in any one of claims 67 - 69 wherein said light source comprises at least one of a gas discharge lamp e.g. a xenon based light source, a laser, a light emitting diode (LED) and a semiconductor diode laser, preferably the light source being a laser such as a laser selected from supercontinuum lasers, said light source preferably being a broad spectered light source.
71. A gas sensing system as claimed in any one of claims 67 - 70 wherein said gas sensing station comprises a battery for supplying energy to said photoacoustic spectroscope.
72. A gas sensing system as claimed in any one of claims 67 - 71 wherein said light source is adapted to emit light comprising wavelengths which are at least partly absorbable by at least one of water vapour, methane (CH4), hydrogen sulphide (H2S), Carbon monoxide (CO), Carbon dioxide (C02), Oxygen (02) and hydrogen (H2).
73. A gas sensing system as claimed in any one of claims 67 - 72 wherein said gas sensing system is adapted to be connected to a pipe comprising an access opening into a gas cavity, said sensing gas cavity being adapted to be in gas communication with said gas cavity through said access opening.
Priority Applications (8)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DKPA200801338A DK200801338A (en) | 2008-09-26 | 2008-09-26 | A pipe system, a gas sensing system for a pipe system, and a method of determining a gas component in a cavity of a pipe |
| BRPI0913413A BRPI0913413A2 (en) | 2008-06-03 | 2009-04-22 | pipe system, and gas sensor system for sensing a gas in a cavity of a pipe. |
| PCT/DK2009/050093 WO2009146710A1 (en) | 2008-06-03 | 2009-04-22 | A pipe system, a gas sensing system for a pipe system, and a method of determining a gas component in a cavity of a pipe |
| US12/995,740 US8590365B2 (en) | 2008-06-03 | 2009-04-22 | Pipe system, a gas sensing system for a pipe system, and a method of determining a gas component in a cavity of a pipe |
| EP09757143A EP2286201A1 (en) | 2008-06-03 | 2009-04-22 | A pipe system, a gas sensing system for a pipe system, and a method of determining a gas component in a cavity of a pipe |
| AU2009254329A AU2009254329B2 (en) | 2008-06-03 | 2009-04-22 | A pipe system, a gas sensing system for a pipe system, and a method of determining a gas component in a cavity of a pipe |
| CA2725624A CA2725624A1 (en) | 2008-06-03 | 2009-04-22 | A pipe system, a gas sensing system for a pipe system, and a method of determining a gas component in a cavity of a pipe |
| DKPA201001077A DK201001077A (en) | 2008-06-03 | 2010-11-26 | A pipe system, a gas sensing system for a pipe system, and a method of determing a gas component in a cavity of a pipe |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DKPA200801338A DK200801338A (en) | 2008-09-26 | 2008-09-26 | A pipe system, a gas sensing system for a pipe system, and a method of determining a gas component in a cavity of a pipe |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DK200801338A true DK200801338A (en) | 2010-03-27 |
Family
ID=42110395
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DKPA200801338A DK200801338A (en) | 2008-06-03 | 2008-09-26 | A pipe system, a gas sensing system for a pipe system, and a method of determining a gas component in a cavity of a pipe |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DK (1) | DK200801338A (en) |
-
2008
- 2008-09-26 DK DKPA200801338A patent/DK200801338A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| DK201001077A (en) | A pipe system, a gas sensing system for a pipe system, and a method of determing a gas component in a cavity of a pipe | |
| CN100545633C (en) | The method and apparatus of laser gas remote measurement | |
| US8593636B2 (en) | Pipe system, a fluid sensing system for a pipe system, and a method of determining a fluid component in an annulus cavity of a pipe | |
| US9004174B2 (en) | System, apparatus, and method for monitoring a subsea flow device | |
| CN105164944A (en) | High-bandwidth underwater data communication system | |
| WO2005111585A3 (en) | Oxygen sensor for aircraft fuel inerting systems | |
| WO2010083386A3 (en) | Evanescent wave downhole fiber optic spectrometer | |
| CN101619807A (en) | System and method for monitoring airborne natural gas line leakage | |
| US20130239658A1 (en) | Photoacoustic sensor with mirror | |
| CN104819962B (en) | A kind of hand-held remote methane moni tor | |
| DK200801338A (en) | A pipe system, a gas sensing system for a pipe system, and a method of determining a gas component in a cavity of a pipe | |
| US20180367215A1 (en) | Fiber Optic Patch And Voltage Conditioning | |
| US9891380B1 (en) | Graphene optic fiber | |
| WO2023160079A1 (en) | Gas concentration measurement device and gas concentration measurement method | |
| CN110470606B (en) | Methane concentration detector and detection method applied to three-dimensional space of paddy field | |
| CN107340237A (en) | Water quality on-line monitoring device based on light emitting diode | |
| EP3094907A1 (en) | Connection tip of a flexible pipe provided with a detection sensor, associated flexible pipe, kit and method | |
| CN102478510A (en) | Spectrum-type sensor for methane detection | |
| US20150268416A1 (en) | Sensor system with optical source for power and data | |
| CN102778434A (en) | Turbidity transducer for online detection of water quality and detection method thereof | |
| WO2002025254A1 (en) | Concentration measurer | |
| CN114235692A (en) | Underwater optical monitoring instrument | |
| CN211292561U (en) | Concentration detection system for dissolved gas in transformer oil | |
| CN114199795A (en) | Underwater absorptiometer and water quality detection method | |
| Okajima et al. | Measurement of methane gas concentration using an infrared LED |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| AHS | Application shelved for other reasons than non-payment |