DK179648B1 - Connection end fitting of a flexible pipe with anchoring of the reinforcing cables by fixed wedge - Google Patents

Connection end fitting of a flexible pipe with anchoring of the reinforcing cables by fixed wedge Download PDF

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Publication number
DK179648B1
DK179648B1 DKPA201670446A DKPA201670446A DK179648B1 DK 179648 B1 DK179648 B1 DK 179648B1 DK PA201670446 A DKPA201670446 A DK PA201670446A DK PA201670446 A DKPA201670446 A DK PA201670446A DK 179648 B1 DK179648 B1 DK 179648B1
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DK
Denmark
Prior art keywords
jaws
flexible tube
end fitting
armour
flexible pipe
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DKPA201670446A
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Danish (da)
Inventor
Papon Gerard
Deleau Fabrice
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Technip France
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L33/00—Arrangements for connecting hoses to rigid members; Rigid hose connectors, i.e. single members engaging both hoses
    • F16L33/01—Arrangements for connecting hoses to rigid members; Rigid hose connectors, i.e. single members engaging both hoses adapted for hoses having a multi-layer wall

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Rigid Pipes And Flexible Pipes (AREA)
  • Mutual Connection Of Rods And Tubes (AREA)
  • Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a connection end fitting for a flexible pipe where anchoring of the armour wires is achieved by wedging between at least two jaws. The jaws have a substantially conical shape and they are formed in such a way that the armours have a continuous radius of curvature. Thus, the armour has no singular point in the end fitting.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a connection end fitting of a flexible pipe, notably for transporting a fluid in a marine environment. It more particularly relates to an unbonded type flexible pipe used for offshore exploitation of oil and/or gas reservoirs.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
These flexible pipes, generally tubular, consisting of an assembly of different concentric and superposed armour wire layers, are referred to as unbonded because the armours and the layers have a certain freedom to move relative to one another. US 2009/0160184 A1 concerns an end connector for a plexible pipe. US 2009/0160184 A1 concerns an end connector for a plexible pipe. In this end-fitting the armours are anchored by conical jaws.
These flexible pipes can meet, among other things, the recommendations of the normative documents API 17J “Specification for Unbonded Flexible Pipe” and API RP 17B “Recommended Practice for Flexible Pipe” established by the American Petroleum Institute.
In general, the constituent layers notably comprise sheaths made from polymer material generally providing a sealing function and reinforcement layers designed to take up the mechanical stresses. These reinforcement layers are formed by winding strips, metal wires, various tapes or hollow structural sections made from composite materials.
Figure 1 shows an unbonded type flexible pipe used for offshore exploitation of oil and gas reservoirs. Such a flexible pipe generally comprises, from inside to outside, an inner carcass (1) consisting of a clipped strip intended to withstand collapse of the pipe under the effect of the external pressure, an internal pressure sheath (2), a pressure vault (3) consisting of at least one clipped metal wire helically wound with a short pitch, said pressure vault (3) being intended to take up the radial stresses caused by the internal pressure, at least one tensile armour ply (4) (four plies as illustrated in Figure 1) consisting of long-pitch helical windings of wires, strips, metal or composite tapes, said armour plies (4) being intended to take up the longitudinal stresses undergone by the pipe, and an outer sealing sheath (5) intended to protect the reinforcement layers from the sea water.
The pipe illustrated in Figure 1 is of rough bore type, i.e. the fluid circulating in the pipe is in contact with inner carcass (1), said inner carcass (1) being indeed the first layer, starting from the inside. However, the flexible pipe can also be of smooth bore type, and in this case, the first layer of the pipe, starting from the inside, is an additional sealing sheath made from polymer material for example.
Flexible tubular pipes comprise, at each end, a connection end fitting intended to provide connection of the pipes with one another, or with terminal equipments. These end fittings need to be made under conditions ensuring good fastening and good sealing.
Indeed, end fittings must fulfill several functions, notably tensile armour anchoring, as well as crimping and sealing of the free ends of the various sheaths, and in particular crimping at the free end of the inner pressure sheath. An essential function of a rigid end fitting of a flexible pipe is to transmit a tensile stress and, among the various layers that make up the flexible pipe, this stress is taken up by the armour layers, therefore armour anchoring conditions the static resistance and fatigue strength of the system.
An example of a connection end fitting is notably described in patent application FR-2,816,389 A1. In this embodiment, the armours are folded and unfolded, and anchoring of the armours is achieved by means of an epoxy type resin. General shaping of the armour wires induces concentration factors due to the particular geometry and to local plastic and elastic deformations.
When it is used under severe conditions, the fatigue strength of this system is not sufficient. Indeed, for this end fitting, the manufacture and the production (notably with folding/unfolding) induce during operation a high stress on the wires in a zone close to the entry in the end fitting (at the separation of the armours); the wire is subjected to a tractive force, a normal and transverse bending stress with a state of high residual stresses.
To overcome this drawback, the present invention relates to a connection end fitting for a flexible pipe where anchoring of the armour wires is achieved by wedging between two jaws. The jaws have a substantially conical shape and they are formed in such a way that the armours have a continuous radius of curvature. Thus, the armour has no singular point in the end fitting and provides good fatigue strength. Furthermore, the geometric form required for the wires in the end fitting is preferably close to the free form thereof so as to avoid to the maximum introducing plastic and elastic residual stresses (notably due to the folding/unfolding stage).
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to a connection end fitting of a flexible pipe, said flexible pipe being of unbonded type and comprising notably an internal pressure sheath and at least one ply of tensile armours wound around said pressure sheath, each of said tensile armour plies comprising a tip length anchored in said end fitting. Anchoring of each of said tip is achieved by wedging said tip between two jaws, so that said tip length has no singular point, said jaws being arranged in said end fitting and being substantially conical.
According to the invention, said tip length has a substantially continuous radius of curvature.
Advantageously, said jaws have the shape of a cone of revolution whose generatrix is substantially a straight line forming an angle with the axis of revolution of said flexible pipe smaller than 20°, preferably smaller than 10° and more preferably substantially equal to 5°, an arc of a circle or a portion of an ellipse, of a parabola or of a hyperbola, or made up of two consecutive radii of curvature.
According to an embodiment of the invention, said flexible pipe comprises at least two tensile armour plies wound around said pressure sheath, said tips of said tensile armour plies being arranged one above the other and wedged between two jaws.
According to another embodiment of the invention, said flexible pipe comprises at least two tensile armour plies wound around said pressure sheath, each tip of said tensile armour plies being wedged individually between two jaws.
Preferably, said flexible pipe comprises two tensile armour plies wound around said pressure sheath and said end fitting comprises three jaws, among which an intermediate jaw in contact with each one of said tips of said tensile armour plies.
Advantageously, at least one of said jaws is moved by means of at least one threaded rod.
According to an aspect of the invention, at least one of said jaws is made from mild steel.
Furthermore, at least one of said jaws can have a polymer layer at the contact point with said tip length of one of said tensile armour plies.
Preferably, said polymer layer is made from an elastomer material.
Advantageously, one of said jaws is fastened to said end fitting or to one of the layers of said flexible pipe.
According to a variant embodiment of the invention, at least one of said jaws is grooved for prepositioning said tip length of a tensile armour ply.
Advantageously, the clamping pressure exerted by said jaws on said tip length ranges between 3 and 100 MPa, and it is preferably substantially equal to 50 MPa.
Furthermore, the invention relates to an unbonded type flexible pipe comprising notably an internal pressure sheath and at least one ply of tensile armours wound around said pressure sheath. Said flexible pipe comprises at least at one of its ends a connection end fitting according to the invention.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
Other features and advantages of the method according to the invention will be clear from reading the description hereafter of embodiments given by way of non limitative example, with reference to the accompanying figures wherein:
- Figure 1, already described, illustrates a flexible pipe,
- Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of an end fitting according to a first embodiment of the invention,
- Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of a connection end fitting according to a second embodiment of the invention,
- Figure 4 is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of a connection end fitting according to the second embodiment of the invention,
- Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the second embodiment of the invention,
- Figure 6 illustrates the stresses exerted on an armour in an end fitting according to the invention,
- Figure 7 illustrates a stage prior to the manufacture of the end fitting according to the second embodiment of the invention,
- Figure 8 illustrates the sealed areas of the end fitting according to the second embodiment of the invention,
- Figure 9 illustrates a variant embodiment of the jaws for the two embodiments of the invention, and
- Figure 10 illustrates the winding angle of an armour wire.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
The present invention relates to a connection end fitting of a flexible pipe where the rigid end fitting is notably designed to take up the axial mechanical tension undergone by the flexible pipe. The invention therefore consists in anchoring in the connection end fitting armour plies included in the flexible pipe by wedging (pinching) the tips of the armour plies between jaws so as to secure them to the rigid part of the end fitting. According to the invention, the jaws are substantially conical and have the shape of a wedge so that the wire exhibits no singular point in the end fitting to avoid straining the armours at the anchoring point thereof. A singular point is understood to be a point of the armour where the shape (three-dimensional path) of the armour varies abruptly, i.e. a point for which the shape (path) derivative is not continuous. At a singular point, the armour undergoes high stresses (stress concentration), which generates a reduction in static resistance and fatigue strength. Singular points can be due to the shape of the armour (a discontinuity for example, or a turn-up as described in patent application FR-2,816,389 A1), or to the manufacturing process. A large angle formed by two line segments is an example of a singular point.
Indeed, one advantage of the invention is the anchoring progressivity, which is made possible by the wedging system and a geometry without singular points. This is possible with a geometry with the following characteristics:
- the (three-dimensional) geometry of the wire is continuous, the derivative of the mean fiber of the armour wire being continuous,
- the wire laying surface has no inflection point, the second derivative of the equation of the wire laying curve f(x) is always of the same sign, f”(x) > 0 or f”(x) < 0.
Figure 11 gives an example of geometry G of the armour wire in the anchor as a function of the anchoring depth. This profile consists of two successive radii of curvature.
Ί
When the wire laying envelope consists of an assembly of tangentially connected surfaces, the connections will induce normal curvature shifts. However, these curvature shifts generate an additional bending stress that needs to be limited. This stress adds to the tensile stress due to the normal operating load undergone by the flexible pipe. According to the invention, the overstress der generated by curvature shift ACn should not be high and this stress preferably does not exceed 10 % of the maximum stress allowable by the armour wire in random length (amax = 0.55 σθ, with σθ the elastic limit of e
the armour wire). The following relation can be written: Δσ = E-. AC with E the
Young's modulus and e the armour thickness. In order to avoid too great overstresses, the curvature shifts are minimal at the anchor inlet where the stress in the wire is maximal. It is possible to modify the path of the wire of random length with a minor change in the local curvature of the armour wire. Furthermore, in the anchor, greater curvature shifts are allowable provided that the overstress does not exceed the maximum stress of the random length.
According to the invention, in order to undergo no overstress, the normal curvature of the wire in the anchor undergoes no abrupt curvature variation. Advantageously, curvature variation ACn of the armour wire in the anchor can be limited, preferably in such a way that AC <
with Cn expressed in mm-1. The random-length normal curvature for a flexible pipe of diameter D wound (armoured) at an angle a is expressed as follows:
Sin2 a
D ranges between: 4,6.10' 3 < Cn < 26.10 3 mm = 2.
. This curvature for flexible pipes of between 2” (about 5.08 cm) and 20” (about 50.8 cm) armoured at an angle between 20° and 55°
For example, for a 4” (about 10.16 cm) flexible pipe armoured at 35°, the randomlength curvature is Cn = 6.5.10-3 mm-1. Therefore, according to the above criterion, the curvature variation should not exceed: ΔΟη < 9.10mm2.
Advantageously, the jaws have the shape of a cone of revolution whose bases are substantially circular and whose generatrix can be a straight line, an arc of a circle, a portion of an ellipse, of a parabola or of a hyperbola, or it can be made up of two consecutive radii of curvature. Thus, the path of the armour wire in the end fitting can be a straight line, but it is preferably a curve between the geodesic (zero transverse curvature in the armour) and the loxodrome (constant armour angle) allowing to have an additional holding force through capstan effect. Thus, the radius of curvature of the tip length of the armour is substantially continuous, which enables good distribution of the wire stresses within the anchor and avoids singular points in the end fitting (limitation of stress concentrations at a point of the tip length). Indeed, this jaw geometry allows to have:
- progressive clamping pressure from the jaw inlet to the final termination,
- progressive armour immobilization, and
- good fatigue strength.
The tensile stress level in the armour wire is progressively reduced by the load transfer resulting from the friction between the wire and the jaws.
Figure 10 shows the winding angle of an armour wire (4) around a conical frustum. Armour wire (4) is thus wound around a conical frustum (jaw). Angle β between tangent (t) to the wire and axis (A) of the conical frustum preferably ranges between 10° and 60°. This winding allows the wire to be pressed against the surface of the conical frustum (thus creating a normal wire/jaw stress). The intensity of the normal stress depends on the tensile stress exerted on the wire. Considering a friction coefficient at the wire/jaw interface, a stress can be transmitted at the interface by friction (capstan effect).
It can be noted that the jaw grip length can be quite limited (between 100 mm and 500 mm).
According to a variant embodiment of the invention, the cone angle (vertex half angle) of the jaws preferably ranges between 2° and 30°, and it preferably is substantially 5° in order to limit the radius of curvature of the armours.
Anchoring of the armours can be common (see first embodiment of Figure 2) or not (see second embodiment of Figure 3) to the two plies between two jaws (entirely independent system). The rest of the description and the figures are given for a flexible pipe comprising a carcass, an internal sheath, a pressure vault and two armour plies; the invention is however suited for all types of flexible pipes comprising at least one internal pressure sheath and at least one ply of tensile armours wound around the pressure sheath. In particular, the invention is suited for all numbers of armour plies, notably four armour plies. Advantageously, the armour plies are arranged in pairs to provide torsion equilibrium since two tensile armour plies are wired in opposite directions.
For the first embodiment of the invention illustrated in Figure 2, the flexible pipe consists, from the inside to the outside, of a carcass (1), an internal sheath (2), a pressure vault (3) and two tensile armour plies (4), and armour plies (4) are anchored in end fitting (6) by wedging by means of two jaws (7, 8). Jaws (7, 8) are displaceable towards one another in the axial direction of the pipe so as to generate a clamping force for anchoring armours (4). For this first embodiment of the invention, armour plies (4) are arranged one above the other between jaws (7, 8). Thus, anchoring of the two armour plies (4) is achieved simultaneously.
One (8) of the jaws is in contact with the cover of end fitting (6) and the other jaw (7) is in contact with the inner layers (vault or sheath) of the flexible pipe. Jaws (7, 8) can slide on the inner parts (layers beneath the armours) or the outer parts (cover). Alternatively, one of the jaws is mechanically secured to the part supporting it by screwing, threading, welding or from the manufacturing stage. Clamping of jaws (7, 8) can be achieved using a threaded rod or a threaded ring, or any other similar means. Hydraulic provisional preclamping can be used.
For the second embodiment of the invention illustrated from Figure 3, the flexible pipe consists, from the inside to the outside, of a carcass (1), an internal sheath (2), a pressure vault (3) and two tensile armour plies (4), and armour plies (4) are anchored in end fitting (6) by wedging by means of three jaws (7, 9, 10). Jaws (7, 9, 10) are displaceable in the axial direction of the pipe so as to generate a clamping force for anchoring armours (4). For this second embodiment of the invention, armour plies (4) are arranged individually between two jaws: a first armour is wedged between a jaw (7) arranged on the flexible pipe and an intermediate jaw (9), and second armour (4) is wedged between intermediate jaw (9) and a jaw (8) arranged in the cover of end fitting (6). Jaws (7, 10) can slide on the inner parts (vault or sheath of the flexible pipe) or on the external parts (cover), or they can be secured to the part supporting it by screwing, threading, welding or from the manufacturing stage. This second embodiment thus consists in dissociating the anchoring of each ply so as to optimize the anchoring forces (two friction surfaces) and in pinching each armour ply in a jaw that allows the armour wire to have a continuous radius of curvature from the main portion to the anchor end thereof.
Figure 4 is a three-dimensional view of this embodiment. It notably shows the embodiment of end fitting (6) in two parts: cover (6a) provides sealing and connecting flange (6b) allows connection of the flexible pipe to an end fitting of another flexible pipe or to terminal equipments.
Clamping of jaws (7, 9, 10) can be achieved by means of a threaded rod or a threaded ring, or any other similar means. Hydraulic provisional preclamping can be used. Figure 5 shows a variant of this embodiment of the invention where common clamping of jaws (7, 9, 10) is achieved by means of a threaded rod (11) running through the three jaws. Alternatively, clamping of jaws (7, 9, 10) can be independent so as to achieve separate anchoring of armours (4).
The three jaws of the second embodiment are shown as single-piece parts. However, for ease of mounting and to avoid remachining, jaws made up of several parts (cut lengthwise) can be used in order to adjust armour positioning by clamping.
The second embodiment of the invention can be suited for flexible pipes with even numbers of armours: for each pair of armour plies, anchoring is achieved with three jaws.
The jaws can be made from mild steel so as to obtain a plastic deformation at the surface of contact in order to improve crimping. The assembly can thus be dismantled but the mild steel parts need to be replaced.
Figure 9 illustrates a variant embodiment of the jaws according to the invention. In some cases, steel/steel contacts can be avoided so as to limit corrosion and/or fretting problems. A polymer layer (13) can be provided between armour wire (4) and jaw (7, 8, 9, 10). Using jaws with a polymer layer (13) allows to limit slippage at the interface with armour wires (4) because these jaws (7, 8, 9, 10) deform under stress. The thickness of this non-steel element (13) can range between 1 and 50 mm. The polymer can be selected from elastomers.
In order to guarantee armour anchoring, the armours can be preformed prior to being mounted.
Hydraulic clamping of the jaws can be provided prior to starting the assembly work.
To improve the anchoring performances, the friction level at the armour wire/jaw interface can be increased. Structural bonding and/or surface texturing can be used therefore.
A surface of the jaws can be grooved to preposition the armour wire. The nongrooved jaw is then mobile and allows crimping.
An armour wire prepositioning system can be used when mounting the end fitting.
The clamping pressure exerted by the jaws on said tip length of the armour wires ranges between 3 and 100 MPa, and it is preferably substantially 50 MPa in order to provide sufficient clamping without creating a stress concentration in the armours.
According to an example embodiment of the invention, the approximate dimensions of the invention are:
- the overall length (total length) of the end fitting is of the order of 1400 mm,
- the diameter of cover (6a) is 300 mm,
- the anchor part dimension is about 400 mm in length (per ply) and 250 mm in diameter.
Predimensioning example
Figure 6 shows different stresses involved upon clamping. The elements considered for the predimensioning calculation are:
- a cone/cone geometry (vertex half angle) at 5°,
- the armours are pinched between two plane jaws,
- a friction coefficient at the wire/jaw interface of 0.3, i.e. a friction angle of 17°,
- the jaw system is self-wedging but this effect is not taken into account,
- the stress take-up by capstan effect is not considered,
- an anchoring length of 300 mm,
- the wire width considered in contact is 10 mm to take account of the rounded corners,
- a tension stress Ften of 1000 kN.
The normal tension stress Fn to be exerted on each armour ply face is 1666 kN (= 1000/0.3/2) to frictionally retain the armours. The axial clamping force has to be 145 kN (= 1666 x sin (17°+5°)). This clamping can be achieved by threaded rods, two M12 screws for example.
The elongation at the connection outlet can be estimated by considering a lock at the end thereof if the maximum stress is reached, 1200 MPa, then the maximum elongation is about 2 mm (=
1200.300
210000
). The elongation at the end fitting outlet will depend on the free length of armour present in the end fitting (between the jaws outlet and the end fitting outlet). This distance is of the order of 400 mm, it thus increases the elongation at the end fitting outlet to about 4 mm.
This jaw system allows to embed the armour wire at the end thereof and to release it progressively. The friction force will allow to hold the wire over the length of engagement of the jaws and to limit the displacements/elongations thereof.
Furthermore, the invention relates to a flexible pipe comprising at least one pressure sheath, at least one armour ply and at least one end fitting as described above at one end thereof. By means of the end fitting, the flexible pipe according to the invention can be connected to another flexible pipe portion or to a terminal equipment. For example, the make-up of the flexible pipe can be that of the flexible pipe of Figure 1.
The flexible pipe according to the invention can be used notably for offshore exploitation of an oil and/or gas reservoir. The flexible pipe according to the invention can meet, among other things, the recommendations of normative documents API 17J “Specification for Unbonded Flexible Pipe” and API RP 17B “Recommended Practice for Flexible Pipe” established by the American Petroleum Institute.
The invention thus affords many advantages:
- the specific geometry of the jaws (circular, elliptic, parabolic) allows progressive locking of the armours and prevents any singular point (advantage in relation to the current concept),
- anchoring is suited to provide good resistance under fatigue stress,
- the armours require no specific shaping (no folding/unfolding, hook). Furthermore, preforming of the wires is not necessarily required (assembly simplification). However, preforming can be a way of improving the invention to reduce the maximum stresses or to facilitate mounting,
- for the second embodiment of the invention, immobilization of the armours is achieved ply by ply with a series arrangement allowing the assembly to be flanged with the same system,
- Figure 7 illustrates a stage prior to the assembly of end fitting (6). Setting of cones (7, 9,
10) requires cutting armours (4) to the suitable length, the outer layers are the shortest, which facilitates the preparation operation. A collar (12) intended for temporary immobilization of the armours allows to keep the arrangement of plies (4) for mounting. Preferably, it is removed thereafter. The assembly of connection end fitting (6) according to the invention is thus facilitated,
- the system is removable. If jaws made from mild steel or if structural bonding of the armours is used, removal requires specific tools and changing some of the parts when reassembling,
- mechanical stress take-up according to the invention is enhanced by the selfwedging effect of the cones and by the capstan effect,
- whether by tightening with a torque wrench or clamping with a hydraulic system, the invention provides perfect control of the flanging compressions, independently of the operator,
- access to the sealed zones does not depend on the anchoring technology. Indeed,
Figure 8 shows the sealed zones (Ze) that do not depend on the anchoring means.

Claims (14)

Patentkravclaims 1) Fleksibelt rør, som omfatter en forbindelsesendefitting af et fleksibelt rør, hvor det fleksible rør er af den ubundne type og især omfatter et indertrykhylster (2), og mindst et lag af strækbare armeringer (4), der er viklet rundt om trykhylsteret (2), hvor hvert af de strækbare armeringslag (4) omfatter en spidslængde, der er forankret i endefittingen (6), som forankrer hver af spidserne, der er tilvejebragt ved fastkiling af spidsen mellem to kæber (7, 8, 9, 10), hvilke kæber er anbragt i endefittingen (6) og er i det væsentlige koniske, kendetegnet ved, at geometrien af armeringen i endefittingen er kontinuerlig, og derivatet af armeringens midterfiber i endefittingen er kontinuerligt, eller armeringspålægningsfladen i endefittingen ikke har noget inflektionspunkt, og det andet derivat af ligningen af armeringspålægningskurven f(x) i endefittingen altid er af samme tegn.Flexible tube, comprising a connector end fitting of a flexible tube, the flexible tube being of the unbonded type and in particular comprising an inner pressure sleeve (2) and at least one layer of extensible reinforcements (4) wrapped around the pressure sleeve ( 2), each of said stretchable reinforcing layers (4) comprising a tip length anchored to the end fitting (6) which anchors each of the tips provided by wedging the tip between two jaws (7, 8, 9, 10) which jaws are disposed in the end fitting (6) and are substantially tapered, characterized in that the geometry of the reinforcement in the end fitting is continuous and the derivative of the middle fiber of the reinforcement in the end fitting is continuous or the reinforcing surface of the end fitting has no inflection point and it other derivative of the equation of the reinforcement load curve f (x) in the end fitting is always of the same character. 2) Fleksibelt rør ifølge krav 1, hvor spidslængden har en i det væsentlige kontinuerlig kurveradius.A flexible tube according to claim 1, wherein the tip length has a substantially continuous curve radius. 3) Fleksibelt rør ifølge et hvilket som helst af kravene 1 eller 2, hvor kæberne (7, 8, 9, 10) har form af en omdrejningskegle, hvis frembringer er i det væsentlige en ret linje, der danner en vinkel med omdrejningsaksen af det fleksible rør, som er mindre end 20°, fortrinsvis mindre end 10° og mere fortrinsvis i det væsentlige lig med 5°, en cirkelbue eller en del af en ellipse, af en parabel eller af en hyperbel, eller udgøres af to konsekutive kurveradier.A flexible tube according to any one of claims 1 or 2, wherein the jaws (7, 8, 9, 10) are in the form of a rotary cone, the projection of which is essentially a straight line forming an angle with the axis of rotation of the jaw. flexible tubes less than 20 °, preferably less than 10 ° and more preferably substantially equal to 5 °, a circular arc or part of an ellipse, of a parabola or of a hyperbola, or of two consecutive radii of curvature. 4) Fleksibelt rør ifølge et hvilket som helst af de foregående krav, hvor det fleksible rør omfatter mindst to strækbare armeringslag (4), der er viklet rundt om trykhylsteret (2), hvor spidserne af de strækbare armeringslag (4) er anbragt over hinanden og fastkilet mellem to kæber (7, 8).A flexible tube according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the flexible tube comprises at least two extensible reinforcing layers (4) wrapped around the pressure sheath (2), the tips of the extensible reinforcing layers (4) being arranged over one another and wedge between two jaws (7, 8). 5) Fleksibelt rør ifølge et hvilket som helst af kravene 1 til 3, hvor det fleksible rør omfatter mindst to strækbare armeringslag (4), der er viklet rundt om trykhylsteret (2), hvor hver spids af de strækbare armeringslag (4) er enkeltvis fastkilet mellem to kæber (7, 9, 10).The flexible tube according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the flexible tube comprises at least two extensible reinforcing layers (4) wrapped around the pressure sheath (2), each tip of the extensible reinforcing layers (4) being individually wedged between two jaws (7, 9, 10). 6) Fleksibelt rør ifølge krav 5, hvor det fleksible rør omfatter to strækbare armeringslag (4), der er viklet rundt om trykhylsteret (2), og endefittingen omfatter tre kæber (7, 9, 10), hvoriblandt en mellemliggende kæbe (9) er i kontakt med hver af spidserne af de strækbare armeringslag (4).The flexible tube of claim 5, wherein said flexible tube comprises two extensible reinforcing layers (4) wrapped around said pressure sleeve (2) and said end fitting comprises three jaws (7, 9, 10), including an intermediate jaw (9). is in contact with each of the tips of the extensible reinforcing layers (4). 7) Fleksibelt rør ifølge et hvilket som helst af de foregående krav, hvor mindst en af kæberne (7, 8, 9, 10) bevæges ved hjælp af mindst en gevindstang (11).A flexible tube according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one of the jaws (7, 8, 9, 10) is moved by at least one threaded rod (11). 8) Fleksibelt rør ifølge et hvilket som helst af de foregående krav, hvor mindst en af kæberne (7, 8, 9, 10) er fremstillet af blødt stål.A flexible tube according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one of the jaws (7, 8, 9, 10) is made of soft steel. 9) Fleksibelt rør ifølge et hvilket som helst af de foregående krav, hvor mindst en af kæberne (7, 8, 9, 10) kan have et polymerlag (13) ved kontaktpunktet med spidslængden af et af de strækbare armeringslag (4).A flexible tube according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one of the jaws (7, 8, 9, 10) may have a polymer layer (13) at the point of contact with the tip length of one of the extensible reinforcing layers (4). 10) Fleksibelt rør ifølge krav 9, hvor polymerlaget (13) er fremstillet af et elastomermateriale.The flexible tube of claim 9, wherein the polymer layer (13) is made of an elastomeric material. 11) Fleksibelt rør ifølge et hvilket som helst af de foregående krav, hvor en af kæberne (7, 8, 9, 10) er fastgjort til endefittingen (6) eller til et af lagene af det fleksible rør.A flexible pipe according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein one of the jaws (7, 8, 9, 10) is attached to the end fitting (6) or to one of the layers of the flexible pipe. 12) Fleksibelt rør ifølge et hvilket som helst af de foregående krav, hvor mindst en af kæberne (7, 8, 9, 10) er rillet til præ-placering af spidslængden af et strækbart armeringslag (4).A flexible tube according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one of the jaws (7, 8, 9, 10) is grooved to pre-position the tip length of an extensible reinforcing layer (4). 13) Fleksibelt rør ifølge et hvilket som helst af de foregående krav, hvor det af kæberne (7, 8, 9, 10) udøvede fastklemningstryk på spidslængden ligger mellem 3 og 100 MPa, og det er fortrinsvis i det væsentlige lig med 50 MPa.A flexible tube according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the jamming pressure exerted by the jaws (7, 8, 9, 10) is between 3 and 100 MPa and is preferably substantially equal to 50 MPa. 14) Fleksibelt rør af den ubundne type omfattende især et indertrykhylster (2) og mindst et lag af strækbare armeringer (4), der er viklet rundt om trykhylsteret (2), kendetegnet ved, at det fleksible rør ved mindst en af sine ender omfatter en forbindelsesendefitting (6) ifølge et hvilket som helst af de foregående krav.Flexible tube of the unbonded type comprising, in particular, an inner pressure sleeve (2) and at least one layer of extensible reinforcements (4) wrapped around the pressure sleeve (2), characterized in that the flexible tube comprises at least one of its ends a connection end fitting (6) according to any one of the preceding claims.
DKPA201670446A 2013-12-03 2014-11-26 Connection end fitting of a flexible pipe with anchoring of the reinforcing cables by fixed wedge DK179648B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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FR1362031 2013-12-03
FR1362031A FR3014165B1 (en) 2013-12-03 2013-12-03 FLEXIBLE DRIVING CONNECTION TIP WITH ANCHORING OF ENHANCED ARMOR YARNS
PCT/EP2014/075648 WO2015082275A1 (en) 2013-12-03 2014-11-26 Connection end-fitting of a flexible pipe with the armour threads anchored by trapping

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GB2535925B (en) 2020-09-16
GB201609767D0 (en) 2016-07-20
GB2535925A (en) 2016-08-31
BR112016012426A2 (en) 2017-08-08
BR112016012426B1 (en) 2021-10-13
FR3014165B1 (en) 2015-11-13
WO2015082275A1 (en) 2015-06-11
FR3014165A1 (en) 2015-06-05

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