DK174162B1

DK174162B1 - baler

Info

Publication number: DK174162B1
Application number: DK200100242A
Authority: DK
Inventors: Thomas Koch; Ulrik W Knudsen
Original assignee: Tk En As
Priority date: 2001-02-14
Filing date: 2001-02-14
Publication date: 2002-07-29
Also published as: WO2002067657A1; DK200100242A

Description

i DK 174162 B1in DK 174162 B1

Opfindelsen angår en ballepresse til at presse en biomasse, som f.eks. halm, sammen i baller, og som omfatter et pressekammer, der er afgrænset af et antal vægge og har en forreste og bagerste åbning, der i hovedsagen flugter, ét ved 5 pressekammerets forreste åbning anbragt pressestempel til under repeterende stempelslag i én fra den forreste - til den bagerste åbning gående retning at presse biomasse i pressekammeret sammen til baller og skyde disse ud af den bagerste åbning, ophæng til bevægeligt at montere mindst én af 10 pressekammerets vægge, mindst én trykfluidcylinder til at bevæge den mindst ene kammervæg, og et drivarrangement til under drift reciprocerende at forskyde pressestemplet, hvor drivarrangementet omfatter, mindst ét knæled, som operativt er forbundet med henholdsvis pressestemplet og en fast part på 15 ballepressen, og mindst én anden trykfluidcylinder til at bevæge knæledet.The invention relates to a baler for pressing a biomass, e.g. straw, together in bales, comprising a press chamber delimited by a plurality of walls and having a front and rear aperture substantially flush, one press piston disposed at the front aperture of the press chamber, under a repetitive piston stroke in one from the front - pushing biomass in the press chamber to the rear opening together into bales and pushing them out of the rear opening, suspension for movably mounting at least one of the 10 press chamber walls, at least one pressurized fluid cylinder for moving the at least one chamber wall, and a drive arrangement for during operation reciprocally displacing the press plunger, wherein the drive arrangement comprises at least one knee joint operatively connected to the press plunger and a fixed portion of the baler respectively, and at least one other pressurized fluid cylinder to move the knee joint.

Under et stempelslag presses en portion løs biomasse med successivt voksende kraftpåvirkning sammen til ønsket 20 densitet.During a piston stroke, a portion of loose biomass with successively increasing force is compressed to the desired density.

I nogle kendte ballepresser drives stemplet af én eller flere hydrauliske cylindre, der imidlertid til netop dette formål lider af den ulempe, at stemplet under hele stempelslaget 25 bevæger sig i hovedsagen med samme hastighed og er udlagt til herunder at udøve samme store kraftpåvirkning som ved slagets slutning. Drivarrangementets dimensioner bliver derfor relativt store og de kendte ballepresser tilsvarende kostbare og langsomt arbejdende.In some prior art balers, the piston is driven by one or more hydraulic cylinders, however, for this very purpose, suffering from the disadvantage that the piston moves throughout the piston stroke 25 at substantially the same speed and is designed to exert the same great force of force as at the stroke of the stroke. end. The dimensions of the drive arrangement therefore become relatively large and the known balers are similarly expensive and slow working.

I andre kendte ballepresser drives stemplet af et kraftudtag fra eksempelvis en traktor via et gear, en aksel, en krumtap 30 2 DK 174162 B1 og en plej Istang. Arrangementet er kompliceret og kostbart og egner sig dårligt til optimalt at komprimere biomasser med forskellige strukturer.In other known balers, the piston is driven by a power take-off from, for example, a tractor via a gear, shaft, crank 30 2 and a nursing rod. The arrangement is complicated and expensive and poorly suited to optimally compress biomasses with different structures.

5 Fra EP 940072 kendes en ballepresse der omfatter et drivarrangement til reciprocerende at forskyde stemplet. Drivarrangementet omfatter et knæled som operativt er forbundet til henholdsvis stemplet og en fast part på ballepressen. Denne kendte ballepresse er dog ikke i stand til 10 at komprimere forskellige biomasser optimalt.From EP 940072 a bale press is known comprising a drive arrangement for reciprocally displacing the piston. The drive arrangement comprises a knee joint operatively connected to the piston and a fixed part of the baler respectively. However, this known bale press is not able to optimally compress different biomasses.

Formålet med opfindelsen er at anvise en ballepresse af den indledningsvis nævnte art, som har en enkel og billig konstruktion, en hurtigt virkende arbejdsgang, og som desuden 15 er i stand til optimalt at komprimere biomasser med forskellige strukturer til ønsket densitet.The object of the invention is to provide a bale press of the kind mentioned initially, which has a simple and inexpensive construction, a fast-acting operation, and which is further capable of optimally compressing biomasses with different structures to the desired density.

Det nye og særegne ifølge opfindelsen, hvorved dette opnås, består i, at ballepressen omfatter en første - og anden pumpe 20 til at sætte den mindst ene første - og mindst ene anden cylinder under henholdsvis et første og andet fluidtryk, samt en fluidstyrekreds, som er indrettet til at mindske det første fluidtryk tilstrækkeligt til at bringe stemplet til at forskyde biomassen og ballerne i pressekammeret, når det andet 25 fluidtryk har nået en sætværdi, som er tilstrækkelig til at bringe stemplet til at presse biomassen sammen til baller med ønsket densitet.The new and distinctive feature of the invention, whereby this is achieved, consists in that the baler comprises a first and second pump 20 for putting the at least one first - and at least one second cylinder under a first and second fluid pressure, respectively, and a fluid control circuit which is adapted to reduce the first fluid pressure sufficiently to cause the piston to displace the biomass and the bales in the press chamber when the second fluid pressure has reached a set value sufficient to cause the piston to compress the biomass into bales of the desired density.

Derved opnås den fordel, at stemplet under et stempelslag til 30 at begynde med forskydes med forholdsvis stor hastighed under udøvelse af en forholdsvis lille kraftpåvirkning på biomassen, 3 DK 174162 B1 og til sidst forskydes med forholdsvis lille hastighed under udøvelse af en forholdsvis stor kraftpåvirkning på biomassen.Thereby, the advantage is obtained that, under a piston stroke, the piston is initially displaced at a relatively large velocity, exerting a relatively small force effect on the biomass, and finally displaced at a relatively small velocity under a relatively large force influence of biomass.

Dette arbejdsmønster passer godt til biomassens natur. I løs 5 tilstand fylder biomassen meget, og der kræves kun små kræfter til at bibringe biomassen en forholdsvis stor volumenændring.This working pattern fits well with the nature of the biomass. In loose state, the biomass fills a lot, and only small forces are required to impart a relatively large volume change to the biomass.

I begyndelsen stiger de kræfter, som drivarrangementet må yde, således kun langsomt med stemplets vandring. Efterhånden som biomassen komprimeres, kræves der imidlertid stadigt større 10 kræfter til at bibringe biomassen stadigt mindre volumenændringer. I slutfasen stiger de kræfter, som drivarrangementet må yde, således stærkt med stemplets vandring.Initially, the forces that the drive arrangement must exert thus only increase slowly with the piston's movement. However, as the biomass is compressed, ever-increasing forces are required to impart ever-smaller volume changes to the biomass. Thus, in the final phase, the forces that the drive arrangement must exert increase strongly with the piston's movement.

15 Knæledets ovenfor nævnte fordelagtige virkemåde medfører, at drivarrangementet ifølge opfindelsen opnår en enkel og billig konstruktion og under drift kan arbejde med store produktionshastigheder.The advantageous operation of the knee joint mentioned above means that the drive arrangement according to the invention achieves a simple and inexpensive construction and can operate at high production speeds during operation.

20 Når ballepressen omfatter en første - og anden pumpe til at sætte den mindst ene første - og mindst ene anden cylinder under henholdsvis et første og andet fluidtryk, samt en fluidstyrekreds, som er indrettet til at mindske det første fluidtryk tilstrækkeligt til at bringe stemplet til at 25 forskyde biomassen og ballerne i pressekammeret, når det andet fluidtryk har nået en sætværdi, som er tilstrækkelig til at bringe stemplet til at presse biomassen sammen til baller med ønsket densitet. Denne indretning medfører, at drivarrangementet er i stand til at komprimere forskellige 30 biomasser optimalt.When the baler comprises a first and second pumps for putting the at least one first - and at least one second cylinder under a first and second fluid pressures, respectively, and a fluid control circuit adapted to reduce the first fluid pressure sufficiently to cause the piston to displacing the biomass and bales in the press chamber when the second fluid pressure has reached a set value sufficient to bring the plunger to compress the biomass into bales of the desired density. This arrangement means that the drive arrangement is able to optimally compress different biomasses.

4 DK 174162 B1 I styrekredsen kan der desuden være indskudt en reguleringsventil til at indstille sætværdien således, at den passer til netop den type biomasse, som i et givet øjeblik skal presses til baller.4 DK 174162 B1 In addition, a control valve may be inserted to set the set value to suit precisely the type of biomass that must be pressed into bales at a given moment.

5 I praksis kan drivarrangementet omfatte fire knæled, som to og to er spejlvendt anbragt omkring en symmetrilinie og i udrettet tilstand strækker sig i hovedsagen parallelt med stemplets forskydningsretning, hvorved knæleddene udbalancerer 10 hinanden og opnår en fordelagtig arbejdsstilling.In practice, the drive arrangement may comprise four knee joints, two and two of which are mirrored disposed about a line of symmetry and extend substantially substantially parallel to the displacement direction of the piston, whereby the knee joints balance each other and obtain an advantageous posture.

Ved en særlig fordelagtig udførelsesform kan styrekredsen desuden omfatte en flowdivider til at sikre, at trykfluidcylindrene i et givet øjeblik tilføres trykfluid med 15 samme volumen og tryk. Derved opnås, at knæleddene kan virke uden sidestyr.In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the control circuit may further comprise a flow divider to ensure that, at a given moment, the pressure fluid cylinders are supplied with pressure fluid of the same volume and pressure. This results in the knee joints being able to act without lateral control.

Opfindelsen forklares nærmere nedenfor, idet der beskrives en alene eksempelvis udførelsesform under henvisning til 20 tegningen, hvorThe invention is explained in more detail below with reference to an exemplary embodiment only with reference to the drawing, in which

Fig. 1 viser skematisk, set fra siden i længdesnit, et brudstykke af en ballepresse med et drivarrangement ifølge opfindelsen i en første operationsfase, 25FIG. 1 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a fragment of a baler with a drive arrangement according to the invention in a first phase of operation,

Fig. 2 viser samme i en slutfase,FIG. 2 shows the same in a final phase,

Fig. 3 er et diagram for en fluidstyrekreds til styring af ballepressen, og 30 5 DK 174162 B1FIG. 3 is a diagram of a fluid control circuit for controlling the baler, and 30 5 DK 174162 B1

Fig. 4 er et diagram, der i afhængighed af stemplets vandring viser stempelkraften, hydraulikcylinderkraften og halmens densitet.FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the piston force, hydraulic cylinder force and straw density, depending on the piston's movement.

5 Konventionelt er ballepresser forsynet med hjul og indrettet til at køre eller blive trukket hen over en mark og opsamle biomasse, som presses til baller. Der findes imidlertid også stationære ballepresser til at presse fjerntransporteret biomasse til baller. Drivarrangement ifølge opfindelsen kan 10 med fordel anvendes til begge typer.5 Conventionally, balers are fitted with wheels and arranged to drive or be pulled over a field and collect biomass which is pressed into bales. However, stationary bale presses are also available for pressing remote transported biomass for bales. Drive arrangement according to the invention can advantageously be used for both types.

I den følgende beskrivelse antages, at biomassen er halm og at drivarrangementet er hydraulisk drevet.In the following description it is assumed that the biomass is straw and that the drive arrangement is hydraulically driven.

15 Hovedkomponenterne i den i fig. 1-2 skematisk viste ballepresse 1 er et pressekammer 2, et drivarrangement 3 og en tragt 4. Pressekammeret 2 er i det viste tilfælde rektangulært og afgrænset af fire vægge, hvoraf kun den nederste 5 og øverste 6 ses.15 The main components of the FIG. 1-2 schematically shown bale press 1 is a press chamber 2, a drive arrangement 3 and a funnel 4. In the illustrated case, the press chamber 2 is rectangular and bounded by four walls, of which only the lower 5 and upper 6 are seen.

2020

Den nederste væg 5 er fast, medens den øverste væg 6 kan svinge omkring et hængsel 7 under påvirkning af én eller flere hydrauliske modtrykscylindre 8. De to sidevægge (ikke vist) kan ligeledes svinge omkring hængsler (ikke vist) under 25 påvirkning af én eller flere andre hydrauliske modtrykscylindre (ikke vist).The lower wall 5 is fixed, while the upper wall 6 can pivot about a hinge 7 under the influence of one or more hydraulic backpressure cylinders 8. The two side walls (not shown) can also pivot around hinges (not shown) under the influence of one or more several other hydraulic backpressure cylinders (not shown).

Pressekammeret 2 har en forreste åbning 9 og bagerste åbning 10. Drivarrangementet 3 er anbragt ved den forreste åbning og 30 består af fire knæled 11, som ved den ene ende er lejret på en fast del 12 af ballepressen 1 og ved den anden ende på et stempel 13, som forskydeligt er anbragt i pressekammeret 2.The pressing chamber 2 has a front opening 9 and rear opening 10. The drive arrangement 3 is arranged at the front opening and 30 consists of four knee joints 11 which are located at one end on a fixed part 12 of the baler 1 and at the other end on a piston 13 slidably disposed in the press chamber 2.

6 DK 174162 B16 DK 174162 B1

De fire knæled 11 er ved deres midterleje 14 forbundet med hver sin hydrauliske pressecylinder 15, som ved den anden ende hver er svingbart forbundet med ballepressen.The four knee joints 11 are connected at their central bearing 14 to each of their hydraulic press cylinders 15, which at each other end are pivotally connected to the baler.

55

Under drift fyldes løs halm 16 via tragten 4 portionsvis ned i pressekammeret 2 i området ved stemplet 15, der ved hjælp af et passende antal stempelslag, f.eks. 20 - 25 af en varighed på f.eks. 5-15 sek. presser halmen sammen til baller 17 og 10 18.During operation, loose straw 16 via the hopper 4 is filled portionwise into the press chamber 2 in the region of the plunger 15 which, by means of a suitable number of piston strokes, e.g. 20-25 of a duration of e.g. 5-15 sec. compresses the straw into balls 17 and 10 18.

I det viste tilfælde er pressekammeret tilstrækkeligt langt til helt eller delvist at rumme såvel en færdig balle 17 som en ufærdig balle 18. I andre tilfælde kan pressekammeret være 15 indrettet til at rumme flere baller.In the case shown, the press chamber is sufficiently long to fully or partially accommodate both a finished bale 17 and an unfinished bale 18. In other cases, the press chamber may be arranged to accommodate several bales.

Under et stempelslag presser stemplet 15 den ufærdige balle 18 op mod den allerede færdige balle 17, der derved leverer det modtryk, som komprimeringsprocessen kræver.During a piston stroke, the piston 15 presses the unfinished bale 18 up against the already completed bale 17, thereby delivering the back pressure required by the compression process.

2020

Dette modtryk bestemmer halmens komprimeringsgrad og reguleres af de hydrauliske modtrykscylindre 8, der holder de svingbare kammervægge presset ind mod ballerne, der derved påvirkes af den friktion, som væggene yder mod ballerne, og som afhænger 25 af trykket i modtrykscylindrene.This back pressure determines the degree of compression of the straw and is regulated by the hydraulic backpressure cylinders 8 which hold the pivotable chamber walls pressed against the bales, thereby being affected by the friction provided by the walls against the bales and which depends on the pressure in the backpressure cylinders.

Det er imidlertid ikke nok, at stemplet er i stand til således at komprimere halmen til ønsket densitet. Det må også være i stand til at skyde ballerne ud gennem pressekammerets bagerste 30 åbning 10.However, it is not enough that the piston is thus able to compress the straw to the desired density. It must also be capable of ejecting the bales through the rear opening 10 of the press chamber 30.

7 DK 174162 B1 Når halmen har opnået den ønskede densitet under et stempelslag, mindskes olietrykket i de hydrauliske modtrykscylindre derfor tilstrækkeligt til at tillade stemplet at flytte ballerne et stykke i pressekammeret.Therefore, when the straw has reached the desired density during a piston stroke, the oil pressure in the hydraulic backpressure cylinders is sufficiently reduced to allow the piston to move the bales a distance in the press chamber.

55

Til styring af denne proces er ballepressen udstyret med den i fig. 3 viste styrekreds, som omfatter en pressepumpe 19 til via et første sæt olieledninger 20 at levere olie under tryk til knæleddene 11's hydrauliske pressecylindre 15, og en 10 modtrykspumpe 21 til via et andet sæt olieledninger 22 at levere olie under tryk til de svingbare kammervægges hydrauliske modtrykscylindre.For controlling this process, the baler is equipped with the one shown in FIG. 3, comprising a press pump 19 for delivering oil under pressure to the hydraulic press cylinders 15 of the knee joints 11, via a first set of oil lines 20, and a backpressure pump 21 for delivering oil, under a second set of oil lines 22, to the hydraulic of the pivotable chamber walls. back pressure cylinders.

Styrekredsen omfatter endvidere en styreventil 23 i det første 15 sæt olieledninger 20 og en reguleringsventil 24 i det andet sæt olieledninger 22. De to ventiler 23 og 24 er indbyrdes forbundet med en styreledning 25, der tillader reguleringsventilen 24 at registrere olietrykket i pressecylindrene 15.The control circuit further comprises a control valve 23 in the first set of oil lines 20 and a control valve 24 in the second set of oil lines 22. The two valves 23 and 24 are interconnected with a control line 25 which allows the control valve 24 to detect the oil pressure in the press cylinders 15.

2020

Styrekredsen virker på følgende måde.The control circuit works as follows.

En føler (ikke vist) registrerer, om der findes tilstrækkelig med løs halm i pressekammeret til at retfærdiggøre et 25 stempelslag. Hvis dette viser sig at være tilfældet, afgiver føleren signal til styreventilen 23, der nu åbner for trykolie fra pressepumpen 19 til de hydrauliske cylindre 15, som dernæst begynder at rette knæledene 3 ud, således at stemplet 13 begynder at vandre i den fra pressekammeret 2' s forreste 30 åbning 9 til bagerste åbning 10 gående retning.A sensor (not shown) detects whether sufficient straw is present in the press chamber to justify a piston stroke. If this proves to be the case, the sensor outputs control valve 23 which now opens pressure oil from the press pump 19 to the hydraulic cylinders 15, which then begins to straighten the knee joints 3 so that the piston 13 begins to travel in it from the press chamber 2 the forward 30 opening 9 to the rear opening 10 going in the direction.

8 DK 174162 B18 DK 174162 B1

Den kraft, som knæleddet til at begynde med er i stand til at yde, er forholdsvis lille, men til gengæld yder den løse halm en tilsvarende lille modstand mod at blive presset sammen til et mindre volumen. Den færdige balle 17 står stille i 5 pressekammeret og yder herunder den ufærdige balle 18 det nødvendige modtryk.The force that the knee joint is initially able to provide is relatively small, but in return the loose straw provides a correspondingly small resistance to being compressed to a smaller volume. The finished bale 17 is stationary in the press chamber and including the unfinished bale 18 provides the necessary back pressure.

Fig. 4 er et diagram, der i afhængighed af stemplet 13's vandring med fuldt optrukket streg viser stempelkraften i KN, 10 med punkteret streg hydraulikcylinderkraften i KN og med o stiplet streg halmens densitet kg/m .FIG. 4 is a diagram showing, depending on the travel of the piston 13 with a fully drawn line, the piston force in the CN, 10 with a dashed line the hydraulic cylinder force in the KN and with a dashed line the density of the straw kg / m.

Som det ses, stiger stempelkraften til at begynde med kun svagt med stemplets vandring. Når stemplet har nået en 15 position på ca. 600 mm, har knæleddene 11 imidlertid rettet sig mere ud og påvirker derfor stemplet med større kraft, mens de hydrauliske pressecylindre 13 har nået deres maksimale ydeevne på ca. 225 KN med et hertil svarende maksimalt olietryk i pressecylindrene på f.eks. 250 bar. Processen vil 20 derfor gå i stå, medmindre den færdige halmballe 17 forskydes i retning væk fra stemplet for derved at give knæleddene mulighed for at rette sig yderligere ud, således at stempelkraften kan forøges, selv om olietrykket i pressecylindrene nu har nået sit maksimum.As can be seen, the piston force initially increases only slightly with the piston's migration. When the piston has reached a position of approx. 600 mm, however, the knee joints 11 have aligned more and therefore affect the piston with greater force, while the hydraulic press cylinders 13 have reached their maximum performance of approx. 225 KN with a corresponding maximum oil pressure in the press cylinders of e.g. 250 bar. Therefore, the process will stop unless the finished straw bale 17 is displaced in a direction away from the piston, thereby allowing the knee joints to straighten further so that the piston force can be increased even though the oil pressure in the press cylinders has now reached its maximum.

25 På dette tidspunkt har stempelkraften kun nået en værdi på ca.25 At this point, the piston force has only reached a value of approx.

300 KN, og halmen er kun komprimeret til en densitet på ca.300 KN and the straw is only compressed to a density of approx.

190 kg/m3, medens den ønskede densitet er ca. 425 kg/m3.190 kg / m 3, while the desired density is approx. 425 kg / m3.

30 Når reguleringsventilen 24 via styreledningen 25 registrerer ovennævnte maksimale olietryk på ca. 250 bar i 9 DK 174162 B1 pressecylindrene 13, sætter reguleringsventilen trykket i modtrykscylindrene 8 ned til en lavere værdi, f.eks. 240 bar.30 When the control valve 24 via the control line 25 records the above-mentioned maximum oil pressure of approx. 250 bar in the press cylinders 13, the control valve lowers the pressure in the backpressure cylinders 8 to a lower value, e.g. 240 bar.

Pressekammeret 2's svingbare vægge slækker derved trykket på 5 den færdige halmballe 17 tilstrækkeligt til at tillade såvel denne som den ufærdige balle 18 at flytte sig et stykke. Stemplet vil automatisk følge efter, hvorved knæleddene 13 retter sig endnu mere ud, og derfor påvirker stemplet 13 med en endnu større kraft. Samtidig falder trykket i 10 pressecylindrene 15.The pivotable walls of the press chamber 2 thereby relieve the pressure on the finished straw baler 17 sufficiently to allow both this and the unfinished baler 18 to move a bit. The piston will automatically follow, whereby the knee joints 13 straighten even more, and therefore the piston 13 exerts an even greater force. At the same time, the pressure drops in the 10 press cylinders 15.

Når reguleringsventilen 24 via styreledningen 25 registrerer det mindre olietryk i pressecylindrene 13, sætter regulerings— ventilen 24 atter trykket i modtrykscylindrene 8 op til dets 15 tidligere niveau, f.eks. 250 bar. Modtrykscylindrene 8 presser derved pressekammerets svingbare vægge så hårdt ind mod den færdige halmballe 17, at denne atter står stille i pressekammeret og nu er i stand til at yde tilstrækkeligt modtryk på den ufærdige halmballe 18 til at sikre, at halmen i 20 denne komprimeres med stigende komprimeringsgrad.When the control valve 24 via the control line 25 senses the less oil pressure in the press cylinders 13, the control valve 24 re-sets the pressure in the backpressure cylinders 8 up to its previous level, e.g. 250 bar. The backpressure cylinders 8 thereby push the pivotal walls of the press chamber so hard against the finished straw bale 17 that it is again stationary in the press chamber and is now able to provide sufficient back pressure on the unfinished straw bale 18 to ensure that the straw in it 20 is compressed with increasing compression ratio.

Ovennævnte cyklus gentages nu automatisk et antal på eksempelvis 20 - 25 gange, hvorunder den gennemsnitlige stempelkraft med voksende stempelvandring stiger, som vist med 25 den fuldt optrukne kurve i fig. 4, og densiteten stiger, som vist med den punkterede kurve, indtil halmen har opnået den ønskede densitet, der i dette tilfælde er ca. 425 kg/m3.The above cycle is now automatically repeated a number of, for example, 20 - 25 times, during which the average piston force with increasing piston travel increases, as shown by the fully drawn curve in FIG. 4, and the density increases, as shown by the dashed curve, until the straw has reached the desired density, which in this case is approx. 425 kg / m3.

Undervejs ombindes halmballen 17 for slutteligt at blive skudt 30 ud gennem pressekammeret 2's bagerste åbning 10, hvorefter den nu færdige halmballe 18 overtager rollen som modtryksballe.Along the way, the straw bale 17 is bound to finally be ejected 30 through the rear opening 10 of the press chamber 2, after which the now finished straw bale 18 takes over the role of backpressure bale.

10 DK 174162 B110 DK 174162 B1

Ovennævnte cyklus forløber med en frekvens, der kan variere i afhængighed af biomassens struktur og ballepressens styring.The above cycle runs at a frequency that may vary depending on the structure of the biomass and the control of the baler.

Inden for opfindelsens ramme kan frekvensen gå mod nul, således at ballerne produceres i en nærmest jævnt glidende 5 bevægelse gennem pressekammeret.Within the scope of the invention, the frequency can go to zero, so that the balls are produced in an almost smoothly moving motion through the press chamber.

Som tidligere nævnt, omfatter ballepressens drivarrangement i det viste tilfælde fire knæled 11, som under drift bevæges af hver sin hydrauliske pressecylinder 15. De fire pressecylindre 10 15 tilføres under drift olie med samme volumen og tryk ved hjælp af en flowdivider 26, som er indskudt i den i fig. 4 viste styrekreds mellem styreventilen 23 og de fire pressecylindre 15. Drivarrangementet sættes derved fordelagtigt i stand til at fungere uden sidestyr, således at 15 ballepressen opnår en enkel og driftsikker konstruktion.As previously mentioned, in the case shown the drive arrangement of the baler comprises four knee joints 11, which are moved in operation by each hydraulic press cylinder 15. The four press cylinders 10 15 are supplied during operation with oil of equal volume and pressure by means of a flow divider 26 which is inserted. in the embodiment of FIG. 4, between the control valve 23 and the four press cylinders 15. Advantageously, the drive arrangement is enabled to operate without lateral control, so that the bale press achieves a simple and reliable construction.

Den viste flowdivider 26 består af fire små oliepumper 27, som sidder på en fælles aksel, og derved sikrer et ensartet flow i alle oliestrenge til pressecylindrene.The flow divider 26 shown consists of four small oil pumps 27, which are mounted on a common shaft, thereby ensuring a uniform flow in all oil strands for the press cylinders.

2020

Claims

1. Bale press for pressing a biomass such as e.g. straw, together in bales (17; 18), comprising a press chamber 5 (2), defined by a plurality of walls (5; 6) and having a front and rear opening (9; 10) which generally flush one press plunger (13) disposed at the front opening (9) of the press chamber (2) for pushing biomass in the press chamber (2) together into bales beneath the repeating piston stroke in one from the front - to the rear opening (9; 10) 10 (17/18) and pushing them out of the rear opening (10), suspension (7) for movably mounting at least one of the walls of the press chamber (2), at least one pressurized fluid cylinder (8) for moving the at least one chamber wall (6) and a drive arrangement (3) for reciprocally displacing the press plunger (13) during operation, the drive arrangement (3) comprising at least one knee joint (11) operatively connected to the press plunger (13) and a fixed portion (12), respectively. on the bale press, and at least one other pressurized fluid cylinder (15) to move the knee joint characterized in that: the bale press (1) comprises a first and second pumps (21/19) for putting the at least one first and at least one second cylinder (8/15) under a first and second fluid pressure, respectively, and a fluid control circuit arranged for reducing the first fluid pressure sufficiently to cause the plunger (13) to displace the biomass and bales (17/18) into the press chamber (2) when the second fluid pressure has reached a set value sufficient to cause the plunger (13) to compress the biomass into bales (17/18) of the desired density. 30

12 DK 174162 B1

A baler according to claim 1, characterized in that the control circuit comprises a control valve (24) for setting the set value.

Bale press according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the bale press comprises four knee joints (11), two and two of which are mirrored arranged about a line of symmetry and in the straightened state extending substantially parallel to the displacement direction of the piston (13), and one to one. each knee joint (11) 10 belonging to a second pressurized fluid cylinder (15).

The baler according to claim 3, characterized in that the control circuit comprises a flow divider (26) for ensuring that the four other pressure fluid cylinders (15) are supplied at a given moment with pressure fluid 15 of the same volume and pressure.