DK173987B1 - Method of injecting water and gas - Google Patents

Method of injecting water and gas Download PDF

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Publication number
DK173987B1
DK173987B1 DK200100282A DKPA200100282A DK173987B1 DK 173987 B1 DK173987 B1 DK 173987B1 DK 200100282 A DK200100282 A DK 200100282A DK PA200100282 A DKPA200100282 A DK PA200100282A DK 173987 B1 DK173987 B1 DK 173987B1
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Prior art keywords
water
gas
injection
crude oil
injection well
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DK200100282A
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Danish (da)
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Rune Woie
Thor Martin Hegre
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Shore Tec Services As
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
    • E21B43/162—Injecting fluid from longitudinally spaced locations in injection well
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
    • E21B43/20—Displacing by water

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Preventing Corrosion Or Incrustation Of Metals (AREA)

Description

1 DK 173987 B11 DK 173987 B1

FREMGANGSMÅDE TIL INDSPRØJTNING AF VAND OG GASMETHOD FOR INJECTING WATER AND GAS

Den foreliggende opfindelse angår en fremgangsmåde til indsprøjtning af vand og gas, eventuelt kun vand, ind i de råolieførende lag i en underjordisk forma-5 tion.The present invention relates to a method of injecting water and gas, optionally only water, into the crude oil-bearing layers in an underground formation.

Fagfolk inden for området ved, at det er muligt at forøge mængden af råolie i en forekomst, der kan udvindes, ved at sprøjte vand og gas ind i de råolieførende lag i den underjordiske formation. I sådanne tilfælde gennemføres indsprøjtnin-10 gen af vand og gas ved hjælp af i det mindste en indsprøjtningsbrønd, der er dannet på et passende sted i forekomsten. Indsprøjtningen udføres ved, at vand og gas enten indsprøjtes samtidigt eller skiftevis ind i den underjordiske formation. Indsprøjtningsbrønden er normalt konstrueret med et brøndhoved, der omfatter udstyr til tilførslen af vandet og gassen, som skal indsprøjtes.Those skilled in the art know that it is possible to increase the amount of crude oil in a recoverable deposit by injecting water and gas into the crude oil-bearing layers of the underground formation. In such cases, the injection of water and gas is effected by means of at least one injection well formed at a suitable location in the instance. The injection is performed by injecting water and gas either simultaneously or alternately into the underground formation. The injection well is usually constructed with a wellhead comprising equipment for supplying the water and gas to be injected.

1515

En vigtig betingelse for muliggørelse af indsprøjtning af vand og gas er, at vandet og gassen har et tryk, der overstiger trykket inden i de nævnte råolieførende lag. En uønsket effekt af et sådant forhøjet tryk er, at gassen kan danne hydrater, som vil tilstoppe brønden, således at indsprøjtningen standser. Sådanne 20 propper af hydrater, specielt tæt ved overfladen, udgør en betydelig sikkerheds risiko. Dannelsen af hydrater kan undgås ved opvarmning af, eller ved anvendelse af kemikalier i, vandet, der skal indsprøjtes. Andre ulemper ved indsprøjtningen af overfladevand er, at indsprøjtningsvandet kan bevirke salt- eller mineraludfældning i overfladeudstyret, i indsprøjtningsbrønden eller i formationen og 25 udskillelse af oxygen, der skaber korrosionsproblemer. Indsprøjtningsvandet kan desuden bevirke uønsket biologisk aktivitet i formationen. Disse er ulemper, som intensiveres, når indsprøjtningsvand fra flere vandressourcer anvendes. De sidstnævnte ulemper kan forhindres ved grundig behandling af indsprøjtningsvandet, såsom ved filtrering, bortskaffelse af oxygen, sulfater og så videre. Den 30 ovennævnte opvarmning og behandling af indsprøjtningsvandet kan resultere i temmelig store yderligere omkostninger.An important condition for enabling water and gas injection is that the water and gas have a pressure that exceeds the pressure within said crude oil-bearing layers. An undesirable effect of such an elevated pressure is that the gas can form hydrates which will clog the well so that the injection stops. Such 20 plugs of hydrates, especially near the surface, pose a significant safety risk. The formation of hydrates can be avoided by heating, or using chemicals in, the water to be injected. Other disadvantages of the injection of surface water are that the injection water can cause salt or mineral precipitation in the surface equipment, in the injection well or in the formation and the secretion of oxygen which causes corrosion problems. In addition, the injection water can cause undesired biological activity in the formation. These are disadvantages that are intensified when injection water from multiple water resources is used. The latter disadvantages can be prevented by thorough treatment of the injection water, such as by filtration, removal of oxygen, sulphates and so on. The above-mentioned heating and treatment of the injection water can result in fairly large additional costs.

2 DK 173987 B12 DK 173987 B1

Hovedformålet med den foreliggende opfindelse er at tilvejebringe en fremgangsmåde til indsprøjtning af vand og gas, eventuelt kun vand, hvorved det undgås, at vandet, der skal indsprøjtes, skal gennemgå den nævnte bekostelige 5 behandling. Dette opnås ved, at indsprøjtningsvandet udvindes fra vandførende lag, som findes i den underjordiske formation. Vandet, der udvindes fra den underjordiske formation, ledes direkte ind i indsprøjtningsbrønden gennem i det mindste en åbning, der er dannet i brøndens væg, af det nævnte vandførende lag. Derefter ledes vandet fra den nævnte åbning til det sted i indsprøjtnings-10 brønden, hvor vandet og gassen, eventuelt kun vandet, skal indsprøjtes i de råo lieførende lag. Der gøres derved brug af vand fra en ressource med en højere temperatur og et højere tryk, end hvad der har været almindeligt ved vand tilført fra overfladen. Sådant vand fra formationen vil endvidere være kompatibelt med vandet ved indsprøjtningsstedet, hvilket muliggør forhindring/reduktion af det 15 ovennævnte problem med dannelse af hydrater, udfældning af salte og minera ler, udskillelse af oxygen og biologisk aktivitet. Andre gunstige egenskaber ved opfindelsen vil fremgå af kravene og den følgende del af beskrivelsen.The main object of the present invention is to provide a method of injecting water and gas, optionally only water, thereby preventing the water to be injected from undergoing said costly treatment. This is accomplished by extracting the injection water from aquifer layers found in the underground formation. The water extracted from the underground formation is fed directly into the injection well through at least one opening formed in the well wall of said water-carrying layer. Thereafter, the water is directed from the said opening to the location in the injection well, where the water and gas, possibly only the water, are to be injected into the raw loving layers. Water is thus made use of a resource with a higher temperature and pressure than what has been common in water supplied from the surface. Furthermore, such water from the formation will be compatible with the water at the injection site, which allows the prevention / reduction of the aforementioned problem of formation of hydrates, precipitation of salts and minerals, excretion of oxygen and biological activity. Other advantageous features of the invention will become apparent from the claims and the following part of the specification.

Idet der henvises til de ledsagende figurer, vil udførelsesformer for opfindelsen 20 blive forklaret mere detaljeret, idet fig. 1 viser et forenklet vertikalt billede af en indsprøjtningsbrønd til indsprøjtning af vand og/eller gas, og 25 fig. 2 viser et skematisk lodret snitbillede af en indsprøjtningsbrønd med pumpe og indsprøjtningsrør til vand og gas.Referring to the accompanying figures, embodiments of the invention 20 will be explained in more detail, FIG. 1 is a simplified vertical view of an injection well for water and / or gas injection; and FIG. 2 shows a schematic vertical sectional view of an injection well with pump and injection pipe for water and gas.

Som nævnt vedrører den foreliggende fremgangsmåde indsprøjtning af vand og gas, eventuelt kun vand, ind i en underjordisk formation 1, der fører råolie. Ind-30 sprøjtningen kan finde sted ved, at vand og gas indsprøjtes samtidigt eller skifte vis eller måske ved, at kun vand sprøjtes ind i den underjordiske formation 1.As mentioned, the present method relates to injection of water and gas, optionally only water, into an underground formation 1 which carries crude oil. The injection can take place by injecting water and gas at the same time or by changing it, or perhaps by injecting only water into the underground formation 1.

3 DK 173987 B13 DK 173987 B1

Indsprøjtningen af vand og gas, eventuelt kun vand, gennemføres ved hjælp af en indsprøjtningsbrønd 4, der dannes i den underjordiske formation 1 og strækker sig i det mindste ned i et råolieførende lag 2 deraf. Indsprøjtningsbrønden 4 er fortrinsvis dannet med et brøndhoved, og brøndhovedet omfatter blandt andet 5 nødvendigt udstyr til tilførsel af gassen, der skal sprøjtes ind i det nævnte råolieførende lag 2.The injection of water and gas, possibly only water, is carried out by means of an injection well 4 formed in the underground formation 1 and extending at least into a crude oil-bearing layer 2 thereof. The injection well 4 is preferably formed with a wellhead, and the wellhead comprises, among other things, 5 necessary equipment for supplying the gas to be injected into said crude oil-bearing layer 2.

Vandet, der skal indsprøjtes, udvindes fra et vandførende lag 3 i den underjordiske formation 1, og vandet ledes direkte ind i indsprøjtningsbrønden 4 gennem i 10 det mindste en åbning 5, der er dannet i brøndens væg, af det nævnte vandførende lag 3. Vandet ledes derefter til det sted i indsprøjtningsbrønden 4, hvor vandet og gassen, eventuelt kun vandet, skal indsprøjtes i det nævnte råolieførende lag 2 uden at være blevet ført op til overfladen. Dette kan ske, for eksempel ved at vandet pumpes fra åbningen 5 til det sted i indsprøjtningsbrønden 4, 15 hvor vandet og gassen, eventuelt kun vandet, skal indsprøjtes. En pumpe 7 er fortrinsvis anbragt tæt på åbningen 5 i indsprøjtningsbrønden 4. For at undgå at skulle forlænge indsprøjtningsbrønden 4 nedad, er det mest gunstigt, at vandet udvindes fra det vandførende lag 3, der er placeret over det nævnte råolieførende lag 2. Åbningen 5 kan for eksempel være dannet ved perforering af brøn-20 dens væg, og der kunne også anbringes et sandfilter i forbindelse med åbningen 5.The water to be injected is extracted from a water-bearing layer 3 of the underground formation 1 and the water is fed directly into the injection well 4 through at least one opening 5 formed in the wall of the well by said water-carrying layer 3. The water is then directed to the site of the injection well 4, where the water and gas, possibly only the water, are to be injected into said crude oil-carrying layer 2 without being brought to the surface. This can be done, for example, by pumping the water from the opening 5 to the location in the injection well 4, 15 where the water and gas, possibly only the water, are to be injected. A pump 7 is preferably positioned close to the opening 5 of the injection well 4. In order to avoid having to extend the injection well 4 downwards, it is most advantageous for the water to be recovered from the water-bearing layer 3 located above said crude oil-bearing layer 2. The opening 5 may, for example, be formed by perforating the wall of the well 20, and a sand filter could also be applied to the opening 5.

I fig. 2 er der vist et eksempel på, hvorledes indsprøjtningsbrønden kan være udformet. Indsprøjtningsbrønden 4 omfatter også et indsprøjtningsrør 6 til gas.In FIG. 2, an example is shown of how the injection well may be designed. The injection well 4 also includes a gas injection tube 6.

25 Indsprøjtningsrøret 6 føres fra brøndhovedet, hvor gasses tilføjes, og ned i det råolieførende lag 2, hvor vandet og gassen, eventuelt kun vandet, skal indsprøj tes. I området ved åbningen 5, hvor vandet fra det vandførende lag 3 ledes ind i indsprøjtningsbrønden 4, er der anbragt en øvre pakning 8 og en nedre pakning 9, der isolerer det vandførende lag 3 fra overfladen, eller andre lag i formationen 30 1, såsom det råolieførende lag 2. En pumpe 7, der er anbragt i mellemrummet mellem pakningerne 8, 9, pumper vandet ind i indsprøjtningsrøret 6 og længere 4 DK 173987 B1 ud i det råolieførende lag 2. Pumpen 7 kan være anbragt i en rørstuds, der er dannet på indsprøjtningsrøret 6, og kan være elektrisk eller hydraulisk drevet. I det mindste en kontraventil 10 er anbragt i indsprøjtningsrøret 6 oven over pumpen 7. I det mindste en yderligere kontraventil 11 er anbragt ved udløbet fra 5 pumpen 7 ind i indsprøjtningsrøret 6.The injection tube 6 is led from the wellhead where gases are added and down into the crude oil-bearing layer 2, where the water and gas, possibly only the water, must be injected. In the region of the aperture 5, where the water from the water-carrying layer 3 is fed into the injection well 4, an upper gasket 8 and a lower gasket 9 are provided which isolate the water-carrying layer 3 from the surface, or other layers in the formation 30 1, such as the crude oil-bearing layer 2. A pump 7 arranged in the space between the gaskets 8, 9 pumps the water into the injection pipe 6 and further 4 into the crude oil-bearing layer 2. The pump 7 can be arranged in a pipe nozzle which is formed on the injection tube 6, and may be electrically or hydraulically driven. At least one check valve 10 is arranged in the injection tube 6 above the pump 7. At least one additional check valve 11 is arranged at the outlet from the pump 7 into the injection tube 6.

Claims (8)

1. Fremgangsmåde til indsprøjtning afvand og gas, eventuelt kun vand, ind i et råolieførende lag (2) i en underjordisk formation (1), hvorved vandet og gassen, 5 eventuelt kun vandet, skal indsprøjtes ved hjælp af en indsprøjtningsbrønd (4), der er dannet i den underjordiske formation (1), og som strækker sig til det nævnte råolieførende lag (2), kendetegnet ved, at vandet, der skal indsprøjtes, udvindes fra et vandførende lag (3) i den underjordiske formation (1), at vandet føres direkte ind i indsprøjtningsbrønden (4) gennem i det mindste en 10 åbning (5), der er dannet i brøndens væg, af det nævnte vandførende lag (3), og at vandet ledes fra den nævnte åbning (5) til det sted i indsprøjtningsbrønden (4), hvor vandet og gassen, eventuelt kun vandet, skal sprøjtes ind i det nævnte råolieførende lag (2).A method of injecting water and gas, optionally only water, into a crude oil-bearing layer (2) in an underground formation (1), whereby the water and gas, optionally only the water, are to be injected by means of an injection well (4), formed in the underground formation (1) extending to said crude oil-bearing layer (2), characterized in that the water to be injected is extracted from a water-bearing layer (3) in the underground formation (1), the water is passed directly into the injection well (4) through at least one orifice (5) formed in the wall of the well by said water conducting layer (3) and the water is conducted from said opening (5) to the place in the injection well (4), where the water and gas, possibly only the water, are to be injected into said crude oil-bearing layer (2). 2. Fremgangsmåde ifølge krav 1, kendetegnet ved, at vandet udvindes fra det vandførende lag (3), der er placeret oven over og/eller under det nævnte råolieførende lag (2).Process according to claim 1, characterized in that the water is recovered from the water-bearing layer (3) located above and / or below said crude oil-bearing layer (2). 3. Fremgangsmåde ifølge krav 2, kendetegnet ved, at indsprøjtningsbrøn-20 den (4) forlænges til det nævnte nedre vandførende lag (3).Method according to claim 2, characterized in that the injection well (4) is extended to said lower water-carrying layer (3). 4. Fremgangsmåde ifølge et hvilket som helst af de foregående krav, kendetegnet ved, at vandet pumpes fra den nævnte åbning (5) til det sted i indsprøjtningsbrønden (4), hvor vandet og gassen, eventuelt kun vandet, skal 25 sprøjtes ind i det nævnte råolieførende lag (2).Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the water is pumped from said opening (5) to the location in the injection well (4), where the water and gas, optionally only the water, are to be injected into it. said crude oil-bearing layer (2). 5. Fremgangsmåde ifølge krav 4, kendetegnet ved, at vandet pumpes ved hjælp af i det mindste en pumpe (7), der fortrinsvis er anbragt i indsprøjtnings-brønden (4) i nærheden af den nævnte åbning (5) i brøndens væg. 30 R DK 173987 B1Method according to claim 4, characterized in that the water is pumped by at least one pump (7), which is preferably arranged in the injection well (4) in the vicinity of said opening (5) in the wall of the well. 30 R DK 173987 B1 5 DK 173987 B15 DK 173987 B1 6. Fremgangsmåde ifølge et hvilket som helst af de foregående krav, kendetegnet ved, at gassen tilføres ved den øvre ende af indsprøjtningsbrønden (4).Process according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the gas is supplied at the upper end of the injection well (4). 7. Fremgangsmåde ifølge et hvilket som helst af de foregående krav, kende- 5 tegnet ved, at vandet og gassen tilføres samtidigt, eventuelt skiftevis, ind i det nævnte råolieførende lag (2).Process according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the water and the gas are supplied simultaneously, optionally alternately, into said crude oil-bearing layer (2). 8. Fremgangsmåde ifølge et hvilket som helst af de foregående krav, kendetegnet ved, at vandet og gassen, eventuelt kun vandet, forhindres i at komme 10 ind i det vandførende lag eller i at strømme til overfladen ved tilvejebringelsen af i det mindste en kontraventil (11) mellem det vandførende lag (3) og indløbet til et indsprøjtningsrør (6), der er tilvejebragt i indsprøjtningsbrønden (4), og i det mindste en kontraventil (10) i indsprøjtningsrøret (6), hvor den nævnte kontraventil (10) er tilvejebragt nedstrøms for en pakning (8) i det ringformede rum 15 mellem indsprøjtningsrøret (6) og brøndens væg.A method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the water and gas, optionally only the water, are prevented from entering the water-carrying layer or flowing to the surface by providing at least one check valve ( 11) between the aquifer (3) and the inlet of an injection tube (6) provided in the injection well (4) and at least one non-return valve (10) in the injection tube (6), wherein said non-return valve (10) is provided downstream of a gasket (8) in annular space 15 between the injection tube (6) and the wall of the well.
DK200100282A 1998-08-21 2001-02-21 Method of injecting water and gas DK173987B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NO983840A NO307390B1 (en) 1998-08-21 1998-08-21 Method of injection of water and gas
NO983840 1998-08-21
PCT/NO1999/000258 WO2000011314A1 (en) 1998-08-21 1999-08-18 Method of injecting water and gas
NO9900258 1999-08-18

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
DK200100282A DK200100282A (en) 2001-04-20
DK173987B1 true DK173987B1 (en) 2002-03-25

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DK200100282A DK173987B1 (en) 1998-08-21 2001-02-21 Method of injecting water and gas

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US (1) US20010005710A1 (en)
AU (1) AU5452199A (en)
DK (1) DK173987B1 (en)
GB (1) GB2357792B (en)
NO (1) NO307390B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2000011314A1 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB0509306D0 (en) 2005-05-06 2005-06-15 Univ Surrey Secondary oil recovery
NO339570B1 (en) * 2015-03-25 2017-01-09 Vetco Gray Scandinavia As A seawater pre-treatment and injection system and method
CN108071376B (en) * 2016-11-17 2020-10-09 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Injection and production string in coal-bed gas well
CN114382444B (en) * 2021-12-17 2023-10-13 中国石油大学(华东) Combined CO 2 Gas buried natural gas hydrate exploitation system and method

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2067234B (en) * 1980-01-11 1983-08-17 Shell Int Research Method and means for water flooding a hydrocarbon fluid containing permeable formation below a body of water
US4319635A (en) * 1980-02-29 1982-03-16 P. H. Jones Hydrogeology, Inc. Method for enhanced oil recovery by geopressured waterflood
US4296810A (en) * 1980-08-01 1981-10-27 Price Ernest H Method of producing oil from a formation fluid containing both oil and water
GB8511468D0 (en) * 1985-05-07 1985-06-12 Mobil North Sea Ltd Waterflooding injection system
US5697448A (en) * 1995-11-29 1997-12-16 Johnson; Gordon Oil well pumping mechanism providing water removal without lifting
GB9603067D0 (en) * 1996-02-14 1996-04-10 Capcis Ltd Subsea raw water injection facility

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Publication number Publication date
AU5452199A (en) 2000-03-14
US20010005710A1 (en) 2001-06-28
WO2000011314A1 (en) 2000-03-02
NO983840D0 (en) 1998-08-21
GB2357792A (en) 2001-07-04
NO983840L (en) 2000-02-22
DK200100282A (en) 2001-04-20
GB2357792B (en) 2003-01-08
GB0105717D0 (en) 2001-04-25
NO307390B1 (en) 2000-03-27

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