DK173181B1 - Self-regulating pressure control valve. - Google Patents
Self-regulating pressure control valve. Download PDFInfo
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- DK173181B1 DK173181B1 DK198703539A DK353987A DK173181B1 DK 173181 B1 DK173181 B1 DK 173181B1 DK 198703539 A DK198703539 A DK 198703539A DK 353987 A DK353987 A DK 353987A DK 173181 B1 DK173181 B1 DK 173181B1
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- regulating element
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K7/00—Diaphragm valves or cut-off apparatus, e.g. with a member deformed, but not moved bodily, to close the passage ; Pinch valves
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F3/00—Optical logic elements; Optical bistable devices
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- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
- G11B7/00—Recording or reproducing by optical means, e.g. recording using a thermal beam of optical radiation by modifying optical properties or the physical structure, reproducing using an optical beam at lower power by sensing optical properties; Record carriers therefor
- G11B7/12—Heads, e.g. forming of the optical beam spot or modulation of the optical beam
- G11B7/125—Optical beam sources therefor, e.g. laser control circuitry specially adapted for optical storage devices; Modulators, e.g. means for controlling the size or intensity of optical spots or optical traces
- G11B7/128—Modulators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K17/00—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves
- F16K17/02—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side
- F16K17/164—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side and remaining closed after return of the normal pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
- F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
- F16K31/04—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a motor
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/0121—Operation of devices; Circuit arrangements, not otherwise provided for in this subclass
- G02F1/0123—Circuits for the control or stabilisation of the bias voltage, e.g. automatic bias control [ABC] feedback loops
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1339—Gaskets; Spacers; Sealing of cells
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1341—Filling or closing of cells
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
- G02F1/153—Constructional details
- G02F1/161—Gaskets; Spacers; Sealing of cells; Filling or closing of cells
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D16/00—Control of fluid pressure
- G05D16/20—Control of fluid pressure characterised by the use of electric means
- G05D16/2086—Control of fluid pressure characterised by the use of electric means without direct action of electric energy on the controlling means
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S359/00—Optical: systems and elements
- Y10S359/90—Methods
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Control Of Fluid Pressure (AREA)
- Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)
- Valves And Accessory Devices For Braking Systems (AREA)
- Control Of Transmission Device (AREA)
- Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
- Braking Systems And Boosters (AREA)
Description
i DK 173181 B1 - Den foreliggende opfindelse angår en selvregulerende trykstyringsventil, der er i stand til at styre det sekundære tryk, nemlig trykket i et tilhørende styret system ved et forud bestemt indstillet niveau ved hjælp af selv-5 styring af den trykindstillende betingelse på basis af et styresignal, der svarer til det øjeblikkelige herskende tryk i styresystemet detekteret ved hjælp af trykdetekte-ringsorganer.The present invention relates to a self-regulating pressure control valve capable of controlling the secondary pressure, namely the pressure of an associated controlled system at a predetermined set level by self-controlling the pressure setting condition on the basis of of a control signal corresponding to the instantaneous prevailing pressure in the control system detected by pressure detection means.
Ifølge japansk patentansøgning nr. 59-207779 har an-10 søgeren til den foreliggende patentansøgning foreslået en automatisk trykreducerende membranventil. Denne automatiske trykreducerende membranventil omfatter en trykreducerende membranventilenhed, en trykindstillingsenhed inkluderende en trykindstillingsfjeder, en aktuator til styring 15 af trykindstillingsenheden og en styreenhed, som afgiver et styresignal til aktivering af aktuatoren, når trykafv-vigelsen ved et detekteret sekundærtryk, nemlig det styrede tryk, fra et ønsket tryk eller måltryk overstiger en forud bestemt referenceafvigelse, således at trykafvigel-20 sen reduceres til nul.According to Japanese Patent Application No. 59-207779, the applicant for the present patent application has proposed an automatic pressure reducing diaphragm valve. This automatic pressure reducing diaphragm valve comprises a pressure reducing diaphragm valve unit, a pressure setting unit including a pressure setting spring, an actuator for controlling the pressure setting unit and a control unit which gives a control signal for activating the actuator when the pressure deviation at a detected secondary pressure, namely the controlled pressure, a desired pressure or target pressure exceeds a predetermined reference deviation such that the pressure deviation is reduced to zero.
Denne automatiske trykreducerende membranventil er i stand til at gennemføre en stabil trykreduceringsoperation til stabilisering af sekundærtrykket ad mekanisk vej, medens trykafvigelsen for sekundærtrykket befinder sig under 25 referencetrykafvigeisen. Eftersom den automatiske trykreducerende membranventil regulerer sekundærtrykket på basis af resultatet af en sammenligning mellem den detekterede trykafvigelse og referencetrykafvigeisen, tager det imidlertid lang tid at stabilisere sekundærtrykket ved et : 30 forud bestemt indstillingstryk.This automatic pressure reducing diaphragm valve is capable of performing a stable pressure reduction operation to stabilize the secondary pressure by mechanical means while the pressure deviation of the secondary pressure is below the reference pressure deviation. However, since the automatic pressure reducing diaphragm valve regulates the secondary pressure based on the result of a comparison between the detected pressure deviation and the reference pressure deviation, it takes a long time to stabilize the secondary pressure at a predetermined set pressure.
Det er et formål ifølge den foreliggende opfindelse at tilvejebringe en selvregulerende trykreguleringsventil, der er i stand til hurtigt at indstille sekundærtrykket H til en forud bestemt indstillingsværdi.It is an object of the present invention to provide a self-regulating pressure control valve capable of rapidly setting the secondary pressure H to a predetermined set value.
DK 173181 B1 2DK 173181 B1 2
Den foreliggende opfindelse gør brug af det funktionelle forhold mellem positionen af trykregulerende organer og sekundærtrykket ved en selvregulerende trykreduceringsventil omfattende de nævnte trykreguleringsorganer og 5 drivorganer til at drive de nævnte trykreguleringsorganer.The present invention makes use of the functional relationship between the position of pressure regulating means and the secondary pressure of a self-regulating pressure reducing valve comprising said pressure regulating means and 5 driving means for operating said pressure regulating means.
Til opnåelse af dette formål tilvejebringer den foreliggende opfindelse en selvregulerende trykstyringsventil omfattende: En trykstyringsventilenhed, en detekteringsenhed til detektering af sekundærtrykket, en trykregule-10 ringsenhed til regulering af sekundærtrykket i trykstyringsvent i lenheden, en drivenhed til indvirkning på trykreguleringsenheden, en styreenhed til at styre drivenheden og en trykindstillingsenhed til indstilling af et indstillet tryk.To achieve this object, the present invention provides a self-regulating pressure control valve comprising: A pressure control valve unit, a secondary pressure detection unit, a pressure regulator for regulating the secondary pressure in the pressure unit, a drive for actuating the pressure control unit, a control unit for controlling the drive unit and a pressure setting unit for setting a set pressure.
15 Styreenheden styrer drivenheden på basis af den funk tionelle relation mellem positionen for trykreguleringsenheden og sekundærtrykket svarende til det styrede tryk til indstilling af sekundærtrykket til en ønsket værdi, nemlig den indstillede trykværdi.The control unit controls the drive unit on the basis of the functional relationship between the position of the pressure control unit and the secondary pressure corresponding to the controlled pressure for setting the secondary pressure to a desired value, namely the set pressure value.
20 I en udførelsesform for den foreliggende opfindelse omfatter styreenheden en datamat eller regneheden omfattende aritmetiske organer, korrektionsorganer og hukomrael-sesorganer.In one embodiment of the present invention, the controller comprises a computer or calculator comprising arithmetic means, correction means, and memory elements.
Ifølge den foreliggende opfindelse gælder det, at når 25 et vilkårligt valgt tryk er indstillet ved hjælp af trykindstillingsenheden, udregner styreenhedens operationsorgan en passende position for det trykregulerende organ i trykreguleringsenheden på basis af den funktioneller relation mellem sekundærtrykket og positionen for det trykre-30 gulerende element, hvorefter styreenheden afgiver et styresignal til drivenheden til indstilling af positionen for'’ det trykregulerende element til en udregnet passende position, således at sekundærtrykket reguleres til det indstillede tryk.According to the present invention, when any selected pressure is set by the pressure setting unit, the control unit operating means calculates an appropriate position for the pressure regulating member of the pressure regulating unit based on the functional relationship between the secondary pressure and the position of the pressure regulating element. , whereupon the control unit outputs a control signal to the drive unit for setting the position of the pressure regulating element to a calculated appropriate position such that the secondary pressure is adjusted to the set pressure.
i Ii
DK 173181 B1 3 . Når sekundærtrykket således er indstillet til ind stillingstrykket, påbegynder den selvregulerende ventilenhed en mekanisk trykstyreoperation på konventionel måde.DK 173181 B1 3. Thus, when the secondary pressure is set to the set pressure, the self-regulating valve unit initiates a mechanical pressure control operation in a conventional manner.
Når yderligere finstyring af sekundærtrykket er nødvendig, 5 er det ønskeligt at anvende et sekundærtryk-detekterings-organ til detektering af sekundærtrykket kontinuerligt eller periodisk og styre drivenheden ved hjælp af et korrektionssignal, der udregnes af styreenhedens operationsorgan på basis af forskellen mellem det indstillede tryk 10 og det detekterede sekundærtryk til styring af sekundærtrykket kontinuerligt eller periodisk.When further fine-tuning of the secondary pressure is necessary, it is desirable to use a secondary pressure detection means to detect the secondary pressure continuously or periodically and to control the drive by means of a correction signal calculated by the operating device of the controller based on the difference between the set pressure 10. and the detected secondary pressure for controlling the secondary pressure continuously or periodically.
På denne måde er den selvregulerende trykstyringsventil i stand til hurtigt at reagere på variationer i sekundærtrykket og hurtigt at regulere sekundærtrykket, nemlig 15 det styrede tryk til et indstillet tryk, dvs. til et ønsket tryk eller måltryk.In this way, the self-regulating pressure control valve is able to respond rapidly to variations in the secondary pressure and to quickly regulate the secondary pressure, namely the controlled pressure to a set pressure, ie. to a desired pressure or target pressure.
Opfindelsen vil i det følgende blive nærmere forklaret i forbindelse med nogle foretrukne udførelsesformer og under henvisning til tegningen, hvor: 20 Pig. 1 viser et delvist snit gennem en selvregu- leren de trykstyreventil, navnlig visende dennes trykreguleringsenhed; fig. 2 viser en kurve, der viser forholdet mellem en trykreguleringsenheds trykreguleringsorgan og 25 det styrede tryk; fig. 3 viser et blokdiagram over en selvregulerende trykstyreventil ifølge en første udførelsesform ifølge opfindelsen; fig. 4 viser et blokdiagram over en selvregulerende 30 trykstyreventil ifølge en anden udførelsesform ifølge den foreliggende opfindelse; og fig. 5 viser et blokdiagram over en selvregulerende trykstyreventil ifølge en tredie udførelses- _ form ifølge den foreliggende opfindelse.The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to some preferred embodiments and with reference to the drawings, in which: 20 Pig. 1 shows a partial section through a self-regulator of the pressure control valve, in particular showing its pressure control unit; FIG. 2 shows a graph showing the relationship between a pressure regulator unit pressure regulator and the controlled pressure; FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a self-regulating pressure control valve according to a first embodiment of the invention; FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a self-regulating pressure control valve according to another embodiment of the present invention; and FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a self-regulating pressure control valve according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
4 DK 173181 B14 DK 173181 B1
Fig. 1 og 2 viser en første udførelsesforro for anvendelsen af den foreliggende opfindelse ved en trykreduceringsventil l. Idet der henvises til fig. i, har trykreduceringsventilen l en trykindstillingsfjeder 2, hvis 5 ene ende er lejret på et fjedersæde 3, og hvis anden ende er lejret på et f j eder sæde 6. Fjedersæderne 3 og 6 presses mod henholdsvis en membran 4 og mod den nederste ende som vist i fig. 1 af en trykreguleringsskruespindel 8 via en kugle 7. Trykreduceringsventilen 1 's sekundærtryk hersker 10 i et trykkammer 5, der er dækket af membranen 4. Membranen 4 's position afhænger af trykbalancen mellem det tryk, der tilføres denne via trykindstillingsfjederen 2 og sekundærtrykket, der hersker inde i trykkammeret 5. Eftersom sekundærtryk-styrefunktionen for membranen 4 er vel-15 kendt, vil denne ikke blive nærmere beskrevet.FIG. 1 and 2 show a first embodiment of the present invention in a pressure reducing valve 1. Referring to FIG. i, the pressure reducing valve 1 has a pressure setting spring 2, one end of which is mounted on a spring seat 3 and the other end of which is mounted on a spring seat 6. The spring seats 3 and 6 are pressed against a diaphragm 4 and against the lower end respectively as shown. in FIG. 1 of a pressure regulating screw spindle 8 via a ball 7. The pressure relief valve 1's secondary pressure prevails 10 in a pressure chamber 5 covered by the diaphragm 4. The position of the diaphragm 4 depends on the pressure balance applied to it via the pressure setting spring 2 and the secondary pressure. which prevails inside the pressure chamber 5. Since the secondary pressure control function of the membrane 4 is well known, it will not be described in detail.
Et ydre gevind 9 er udformet på den nederste del af trykreguleringsskruespindelen eller -stangen 8. Den gevindforsynede nederste ende af trykreguleringsstangen 8 er skruet ind i et stationært element forsynet med et indven-20 digt gevind 10 i elementets centrale del. En aksial boring er udformet i den øverste del som vist i fig. 1 af trykreguleringsstangen 8. Et element 11, der fastholder kugler 12, er indsat i den aksiale boring i trykreguleringsstangen 8. En notaksel 13 er indsat i den aksiale boring i 25 trykreguleringsstangen 8 til indgreb med kuglerne 12. Kotakslen 13 er forbundet ved hjælp af et reduktionsgear 14 til udgangsakslen på en motor 15.An outer thread 9 is formed on the lower portion of the pressure regulating screw stem or rod 8. The threaded lower end of the pressure regulating rod 8 is screwed into a stationary member provided with an internal thread 10 in the central portion of the member. An axial bore is formed in the upper part as shown in FIG. 1 of the pressure control rod 8. An element 11 retaining balls 12 is inserted into the axial bore of the pressure control rod 8. A notch shaft 13 is inserted into the axial bore of the pressure control rod 8 for engagement with the balls 12. The shaft 13 is connected by means of a reduction gear 14 for the output shaft of a motor 15.
Eftersom trykreguleringsstangen er i indgreb med det stationære elements indvendige gevind 10, roteres trykre-30 guleringsstangen 8 ved hjælp af notakslen 13, således at den forskydes nedad, når motoren 15 's udgangsaksel roterer i den ene omdrejningsretning, og derved sammentrykkes trykindstillingsfjederen 2 via fjedersædet 6 af trykreguleringsstangen 8 til forøgelse af det indstillede tryk.Since the pressure regulating rod is in engagement with the internal thread 10 of the stationary element, the pressure regulating rod 8 is rotated by the notch shaft 13 so that it is displaced downwardly as the output shaft of the motor 15 rotates in one direction, thereby compressing the pressure setting spring 2 via the spring seat. 6 of the pressure control rod 8 to increase the set pressure.
. 1 DK 173181 B1 5 Når motoren 15 's udgangsaksel roterer i modsat omdrejningsretning, roteres trykreguleringsstangen 8 i modsat retning, således at den føres opad, og derved reduceres trykindstillingsfjederen 2 's sammentrykning til reduktion 5 af det indstillede tryk.. 1 DK 173181 B1 5 As the output shaft of the motor 15 rotates in the opposite direction of rotation, the pressure control rod 8 is rotated in the opposite direction so that it is moved upwards, thereby reducing the pressure setting spring 2's compression to reduce 5 the set pressure.
Den længde, som den nederste ende af trykreguleringsstangen 8 forskydes fra en forud bestemt referencestilling, dvs. en stilling, hvor trykreguleringsstangen 8 's nederste ende er i kontakt med fjedersædet 6 via kuglen 7 10 uden at sammentrykke trykreguleringsfjederen, og hvilken tilstand af stilling i det efterfølgende benævnes "stangpositionen", er proportional med trykindstillingsfjederen 2 's sammentrykning og således med det indstillede tryk som vist i fig. 2. Den foreliggende opfindelse anvender 15 effektivt et sådant forhold mellem trykreguleringsstangen 8 's nederste endes forskydningslængde og det indstillede tryk.The length at which the lower end of the pressure control rod 8 is offset from a predetermined reference position, i.e. a position where the lower end of the pressure regulating rod 8 contacts the spring seat 6 via the ball 7 10 without compressing the pressure control spring, and which state of position hereinafter referred to as the "rod position" is proportional to the compression of the spring setting spring 2 set pressures as shown in FIG. 2. The present invention effectively employs such a relationship between the shear length of the lower control rod 8 and the set pressure.
Idet der henvises til fig. 3, der viser en første udførelsesform for den foreliggende opfindelse, omfatter den 20 selvregulerende trykstyringsventil en trykreduceringsventil 1, en trykreguleringsenhed 50 inkluderende trykreguleringsstangen 8, en drivenhed 52 omfattende motoren 15, en trykdetekteringsenhed 54, en signalkonverteringsenhed 55, en styreenhed 56 omfattende en datamat, der lagrer stang-25 positionsdata, der repræsenterer den funktionelle relation mellem stangposition og det styrede tryk, og en trykindstillingsenhed 58. I den første udførelsesform er motoren 15 en skridtmotor.Referring to FIG. 3, showing a first embodiment of the present invention, the self-regulating pressure control valve comprises a pressure reducing valve 1, a pressure control unit 50 including the pressure control rod 8, a drive unit 52 comprising the motor 15, a pressure detection unit 54, a signal conversion unit 55, a control unit 56 comprising a computer, storing rod-25 position data representing the functional relation between rod-position and the controlled pressure, and a pressure-setting unit 58. In the first embodiment, motor 15 is a stepper motor.
Trykdetekteringsenheden 54 's trykføler detekterer 30 sekundærtrykket i trykreducer ingsvent i len 1 og afgiver et tryksignal, der repræsenterer sekundærtrykket, til signalkonverteringsenheden 55. Derefter konverterer signalkonverteringsenheden 55 tryksignalet til et tilsvarende digitalt tryksignal og fører dette til kontrolenheden 56 's 35 datamat.The pressure sensing unit 54 's pressure sensor detects the secondary pressure in the pressure reducer in the lane 1 and outputs a pressure signal representing the secondary pressure to the signal conversion unit 55. The signal conversion unit 55 then converts the pressure signal to a corresponding digital pressure signal and transmits it to the control unit 56' s.
DK 173181 B1 6DK 173181 B1 6
Efter modtagelse af et indstillingstryksignal, der repræsenterer et indstillet tryk, fra trykindstillingsenheden 58, udregner datamaten en stangposition, der svarer til det indstillede tryk for trykreguleringsstangen 8 5 på basis af stangpositionsdata, der tidligere er lagret i datamaten, og fører derefter et impulssignal svarende til den udregnede stangpositon til drivenheden 52 til drivning af trykreguleringsenheden 50, således at trykreguleringsstangen 8 forskydes til den udregnede stangposition; føl-10 gelig indstilles trykreduceringsventilen 1 's sekundærtryk øjeblikkeligt til det indstillede tryk. Skridtmotoren 15 's udgangsaksels rotationsvinkel er proportional med antallet af impulser i impulssignalet, og således svarer positionen af trykreguleringsstangen 8 til antallet af 15 impulser i impulssignalet.Upon receiving a setting pressure signal representing a set pressure from the pressure setting unit 58, the computer calculates a rod position corresponding to the set pressure of the pressure control rod 8 5 on the basis of rod position data previously stored in the computer, and then carries an impulse signal corresponding to the calculated rod position of the drive unit 52 for driving the pressure control unit 50 so that the pressure control rod 8 is shifted to the calculated rod position; Accordingly, the secondary pressure relief valve 1's pressure is immediately set to the set pressure. The rotation angle of the output motor 15 is proportional to the number of pulses in the pulse signal, and thus the position of the pressure control rod 8 corresponds to the number of 15 pulses in the pulse signal.
Trykdetekteringsenheden 54 detekterer sekundærtrykket kontinuert eller periodisk, og signalkonverteringsenheden 55 tilfører digitale signaler til styreenheden 56 på lignende måde. Styreenheden 56 's datamat sammenligner det 20 detekterede sekundærtryk med det indstillede tryk. Når det detekterede sekundærtryks afvigelse fra det indstillede tryk ligger indenfor et forud bestemt afvigelsesinterval, tilvejebringer styreenheden ikke noget signal til aktivering af drivenheden 52. Når det detekterede sekundær-25 tryks afvigelse fra det indstillede tryk er større end en grænseværdi for det forud bestemte a&vigelsesinterval, udregner datamaten en korrektionslængde, ad hvilken trykreguleringsstangen 8 skal forskydes til korrektion for afvigelsen, hvilket finder sted på basis af forskellen 30 mellem det detekterede sekundærtryk og det indstillede tryk og stangpositionsdata, der er lagret i datamaten, derefter tilvejebringer datamaten et styresignal, der repræsenterer den udregnede korrektionslængde for sekundær-trykkorrektionen til aktivering af drivenheden til for-35 skydning af trykreguleringsstangen 8 til finjustering af sekundærtrykket.The pressure detection unit 54 continuously or periodically detects the secondary pressure, and the signal conversion unit 55 supplies digital signals to the control unit 56 in a similar manner. The controller 56's computer compares the detected 20 secondary pressure with the set pressure. When the detected secondary pressure deviation from the set pressure is within a predetermined deviation interval, the controller does not provide any signal for activating the drive 52. When the detected secondary pressure deviation from the set pressure is greater than a threshold value for the predetermined deviation interval, the computer calculates a correction length by which the pressure control rod 8 is to be displaced to correct for the deviation, which takes place on the basis of the difference 30 between the detected secondary pressure and the set pressure and rod position data stored in the computer, then the computer provides a control signal representing it calculated the correction length of the secondary pressure correction for activating the drive unit for displacing the pressure control rod 8 for fine-tuning the secondary pressure.
DK 173181 B1 7 Når det indstillede tryk f.eks. er 5 bar, er afvi-gelsesreferenceområdet ±0,1 bar, og det detekterede sekundærtryk er 4,5 bar, da udregner datanaten en korrektionslængde svarende til trykafvigelsen på 0,5 bar på basis as 5 stangpositionsdata til forskydning af trykreguleringsstangen 8 i overensstennelse derned.DK 173181 B1 7 When the set pressure e.g. is 5 bar, the deviation reference range is ± 0.1 bar, and the detected secondary pressure is 4.5 bar, since the data rate calculates a correction length corresponding to the pressure deviation of 0.5 bar on the basis of 5 bar position data for displacing the pressure control rod 8 accordingly .
Til en nere avanceret trykstyring lagres digitale data, der repræsenterer den funktionelle relation nellen det indstillede tryk og stangpositionen, f.eks. en forud fast-10 sat korrelation mellem det indstillede tryk og stangpositionen, repræsenteret ved det indstillede tryk i intervaller på 1 bar og de tilsvarende stangpositioner, som tabel i datamatens hukommelsesorgan, hvorved styreoperationen og korrektionsoperationen udføres på basis af de digitale 15 data i overensstemmelse med den forud fastsatte korrelation. Når en korrektion foretages, erstattes de digitale data, der repræsenterer den tidligere stangposition, med de korrigerede data, der repræsenterer den nye stangposition, til opdatering som tabel i det nævnte hukommelses-20 organ.For a more advanced pressure control, digital data representing the functional relation or the set pressure and the bar position are stored, e.g. a predetermined correlation between the set pressure and the bar position, represented by the set pressure at intervals of 1 bar and the corresponding bar positions, as the table in the computer's memory means, whereby the control operation and the correction operation are performed on the basis of the digital data in accordance with the digital data. the predetermined correlation. When a correction is made, the digital data representing the previous rod position is replaced with the corrected data representing the new rod position for updating as a table in said memory means.
Antag f.eks., at 54 og 55 er stangpositioner, som er lagrede i datamatens hukommelsesorgan, og som svarer til indstillede tryk, mere specifikt til indstillede sekundærtryk, på henholdsvis 4 og 5 bar. Når ventilen indstilles 25 for et indstillet tryk på 5 bar ved hjælp af de nævnte trykindstillingsorganer, driver motoren den trykregulerende stang til den tilsvarende stangposition 55. Eftersom referenceafvigelsesintervallet er ±0,1 bar, forbliver motoren standset, så længe som afvigelsen ved det virkelige 30 sekundærtryk fra det indstillede tryk ligger inden for referenceafvigelsesintervallet .For example, suppose 54 and 55 are rod positions stored in the computer's memory means and correspond to set pressures, more specifically to set secondary pressures, of 4 and 5 bar, respectively. When the valve is set 25 for a set pressure of 5 bar by means of said pressure setting means, the motor drives the pressure regulating rod to the corresponding rod position 55. Since the reference deviation interval is ± 0.1 bar, the motor remains stopped as long as the deviation at the actual 30 bar. secondary pressure from the set pressure is within the reference deviation range.
Antag nu, at det indstillede tryk er 5 bar, at referenceafvigelsesintervallet er ±0,1 bar, og at det herskende sekundærtryk er på 4,5 bar. Datamaten vil da udregne en 35 stangpositionskorrektionsforskydning AS svarende til afvigelsen: 5,0 - 4,5 - 0,5 bar ved anvendelse af ligningen: AS = (S5 - S4) * 0,5 / (5 - 4) .Now assume that the set pressure is 5 bar, the reference deviation range is ± 0.1 bar and the prevailing secondary pressure is 4.5 bar. The computer will then calculate a 35 bar position correction offset AS corresponding to the deviation: 5.0 - 4.5 - 0.5 bar using the equation: AS = (S5 - S4) * 0.5 / (5 - 4).
DK 173181 B1 8DK 173181 B1 8
Motoren driver derefter trykreguleringsstangen for den udregnede stangpositionkorrektionsforskydning aS til forøgelse af sekundærtrykket fra 4,5 bar til 5,0 bar. Den oprindelige stangposition S5, der er lagret i det nævnte 5 hukommelsesorgan, erstattes derefter med S5 + AS.The motor then drives the pressure control rod for the calculated rod position correction offset aS to increase the secondary pressure from 4.5 bar to 5.0 bar. The original rod position S5 stored in said memory device is then replaced by S5 + AS.
Når det samme indstillingstryk gives til styreenheden til indstilling af det styrede tryk til det samme ønskede tryk eller måltryk, efter at den trykregulerende stang 8 er forskudt fra den tidligere stangposition til ændring af 10 det indstillede tryk, udregner datamaten den korrekte stangposition til øjeblikkelig indstilling af sekundærtrykket til det ønskede måltryk.When the same setting pressure is given to the control unit for setting the controlled pressure to the same desired pressure or target pressure after the pressure regulating rod 8 is offset from the previous rod position to change the set pressure, the computer calculates the correct rod position for immediate adjustment of the pressure. the secondary pressure to the desired target pressure.
Når den selvregulerende trykstyreventils trykstyresystem er således opbygget, danner trykstyresystemet en 15 ideel styreinformation, selv når reduktionsventilens driftsbetingelser varieres, således at den selvregulerende trykstyreventil er i stand til at arbejde ved høj responshastighed.Thus, when the pressure control system of the self-regulating valve is constructed, the pressure control system provides an ideal control information, even when the operating conditions of the reducing valve are varied so that the self-regulating pressure control valve is able to operate at high response speed.
Grundlæggende ligner den anden udførelsesform vist i 20 fig. 1 og 4 den første udførelsesform i opbygning og funktion. Den anden udførelsesform anvender et drejepotentiometer til detektering af den trykregulerende stang 8 's position, og en reversibel motor i stedet for skridtmotoren til drivning af den trykregulerende stang 8.Basically, the second embodiment shown in FIG. 1 and 4 are the first embodiment in structure and function. The second embodiment uses a rotary potentiometer to detect the position of the pressure regulating rod 8, and a reversible motor instead of the stepper motor to drive the pressure regulating rod 8.
25 Idet der henvises til fig. 4, omfatter den anden ud førelsesform en trykreduceringsventil 1, en trykreguleringsenhed 50, en drivenhed 52, en trykdetektor 54, en signalkonverter 55, en styreenhed 56, en trykindstillingsenhed 58, et reduktionsgear 14 og et drejepotentiometer 30 20.25 Referring to FIG. 4, the second embodiment comprises a pressure reducing valve 1, a pressure control unit 50, a drive unit 52, a pressure detector 54, a signal converter 55, a control unit 56, a pressure setting unit 58, a reduction gear 14 and a rotary potentiometer 30.
Idet der henvises til fig. 1 er drejepotentiometeret 20 operativt sammenkoblet med et ikke vist tandhjul i reduktionsgearet 14. Potentiometeret 20 #s udgangsspænding er proportionalt med forskydningslængden for den trykregu-35 lerende stang 8 fra referencepositionen, dvs. en position, hvor den trykregulerende stang er i indgreb med den trykindstillende fjeder 2 uden at sammentrykke denne, nemlig DK 173181 B1 9 stangpositionen. Følgelig repræsenterer drejepotentiometeret 20 's udgangsspænding stangpositionen og således sekundærtrykket, dvs. det styrede tryk. I den anden udførelsesf orm er i datamaten lagret stangpositionsdataene, 5 der repræsenterer den funktionelle relation mellem stangpositionerne, repræsenteret af drejepotentiometerets udgangsspænding, og sekundærtrykket.Referring to FIG. 1, the rotary potentiometer 20 is operatively coupled to a gear not shown in the reduction gear 14. The output voltage of the potentiometer 20 # is proportional to the shear length of the pressure regulating rod 8 from the reference position, ie. a position where the pressure regulating rod engages with the pressure adjusting spring 2 without compressing it, namely the rod position. Accordingly, the rotational potentiometer 20 's output voltage represents the rod position and thus the secondary pressure, ie. the controlled pressure. In the second embodiment, the rod position data representing the functional relationship between the rod positions represented by the output voltage of the rotary potentiometer and the secondary pressure is stored in the computer.
Drejepotentiometeret 20 kan erstattes af et lineært potentiometer eller en differentialtransformator. Når et 10 lineært potentiometer anvendes, er det lineære potentiometers arm anbragt således, at den forskydes lineært sammen med den trykregulerende stang 8. Når der anvendes en differentialtransformator, er differentialtransforraatorens kerne anbragt således, at den forskydes lineært sammen med 15 den trykregulerende stang 8.The rotary potentiometer 20 can be replaced by a linear potentiometer or differential transformer. When a 10 linear potentiometer is used, the arm of the linear potentiometer is positioned so that it is linearly displaced with the pressure regulating rod 8. When using a differential transformer, the core of the differential transformer is arranged so that it is linearly displaced along with the pressure regulating rod 8.
Styreenheden 56 afgiver kontinuert et signal til drivenheden 52, indtil udgangssignalet fra drejepotentiometeret 20, nemlig stangpos it ionssignalet, stemmer overens med et signal, der afgives til styreenheden 56 ved hjælp 20 af trykindstillingsenheden 58. Eftersom resten af funktionerne er de samme som ved den første udførelsesform, udelades en beskrivelse heraf til undgåelse af gentagelser.The control unit 56 continuously outputs a signal to the drive unit 52 until the output of the rotary potentiometer 20, namely the rod position signal, corresponds to a signal output to the control unit 56 by means of the pressure setting unit 58. Since the rest of the functions are the same as in the first embodiment, a description thereof is omitted to avoid repetition.
Den tredie udførelsesform vist i fig. 5 omfatter en trykreduceringsventil 1, et reduktionsgear 14, et drejepo-25 tentiometer 20, en trykreguleringsenhed 50, en drivenhed 52, en styreenhed 70 og en trykindstill^ngsenhed 72, der inkluderer et potentiometer.The third embodiment shown in FIG. 5 comprises a pressure reducing valve 1, a reduction gear 14, a rotary potentiometer 20, a pressure control unit 50, a drive unit 52, a control unit 70 and a pressure setting unit 72 which includes a potentiometer.
Styreenheden 72 omfatter ikke en datamat. Den tredie udførelsesform er i stand til på den enkleste måde at sty-30 re sekundærtrykket på basis af relationen mellem stangpositionen og sekundærtrykket, dvs. det styrede tryk. Drejepotentiometeret 20, som er operativt forbundet med reduktionsgearet 14, afgiver et spændingssignal, der repræsenterer en stangposition svarende til sekundærtrykket til 35 styreenheden 70, medens potentiometeret på trykindstillingsenheden 72 afgiver et spændingssignal, der repræsenterer et indstillet tryk, til styreenheden 70. Styreen- DK 173181 B1 10 heden 70 sammenligner spændingssignalet, der repræsenterer stangpositionen og spændingssignalet, der repræsenterer det indstillede tryk, og afgiver derefter et styresignal til drivenheden 52 til forskydning af den trykregulerende 5 stang, indtil spændingssignalet, der tilvejebringes af drejepotentiometeret 20, stemmer overens med spændingssignalet, der repræsenterer det indstillede tryk.The controller 72 does not include a computer. The third embodiment is capable of controlling the secondary pressure in the simplest way on the basis of the relation between the rod position and the secondary pressure, ie. the controlled pressure. The rotary potentiometer 20 operatively connected to the reduction gear 14 outputs a voltage signal representing a rod position corresponding to the secondary pressure of the 35 control unit 70, while the potentiometer of the pressure setting unit 72 outputs a voltage signal representing a set pressure to the control unit 70. The controller 1731 B1 10 the unit 70 compares the voltage signal representing the rod position and the voltage signal representing the set pressure, and then outputs a control signal to the drive unit 52 for displacing the pressure regulating 5 rod until the voltage signal provided by the rotary potentiometer 20 matches the voltage signal. represents the set pressure.
Drejepotentiometeret 20 kan erstattes af et lineært potentiometer eller af en differentialtransformator, som 10 nævnt ovenfor i beskrivelsen i forbindelse med den anden udførelsesform.The rotary potentiometer 20 can be replaced by a linear potentiometer or by a differential transformer, as mentioned above in the description in connection with the second embodiment.
Selvom opfindelsen er beskrevet med henvisning til foretrukne udførelsesformer udvisende en vis grad af særegenhed, vil det forstås, at mange ændringer og varianter 15 heraf vil være mulige for en fagmand, uden at der herved afviges fra opfindelsens rammer.Although the invention has been described with reference to preferred embodiments exhibiting a certain degree of peculiarity, it will be appreciated that many changes and variants thereof will be possible for one skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP61167255A JPS6320603A (en) | 1986-07-15 | 1986-07-15 | Automatic set reduction valve |
JP16725586 | 1986-07-15 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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DK353987D0 DK353987D0 (en) | 1987-07-09 |
DK353987A DK353987A (en) | 1988-01-16 |
DK173181B1 true DK173181B1 (en) | 2000-03-06 |
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DK198703539A DK173181B1 (en) | 1986-07-15 | 1987-07-09 | Self-regulating pressure control valve. |
Country Status (20)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS6320603A (en) |
KR (1) | KR920008002B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN1009315B (en) |
AU (1) | AU586570B2 (en) |
BE (1) | BE1001187A5 (en) |
CA (1) | CA1281609C (en) |
CH (1) | CH677393A5 (en) |
DE (2) | DE8709700U1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK173181B1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2004643A6 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2601748B1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB2192737B (en) |
GR (1) | GR871085B (en) |
IT (1) | IT1222025B (en) |
NL (1) | NL192353C (en) |
NZ (1) | NZ220980A (en) |
PH (1) | PH26990A (en) |
PT (1) | PT85326B (en) |
SE (1) | SE466321B (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA875096B (en) |
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CN109114268A (en) * | 2018-10-17 | 2019-01-01 | 江西洪都航空工业集团有限责任公司 | A kind of overload-resistant electronics relief valve of undercarriage buffer |
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CN110397582B (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2020-11-27 | 大唐半导体科技有限公司 | Self-correction method and device for air compressor |
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-
1986
- 1986-07-15 JP JP61167255A patent/JPS6320603A/en active Pending
-
1987
- 1987-06-26 CA CA000540670A patent/CA1281609C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-07-06 AU AU75265/87A patent/AU586570B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1987-07-07 NZ NZ220980A patent/NZ220980A/en unknown
- 1987-07-09 DK DK198703539A patent/DK173181B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1987-07-10 GR GR871085A patent/GR871085B/en unknown
- 1987-07-10 SE SE8702833A patent/SE466321B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1987-07-13 BE BE8700767A patent/BE1001187A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1987-07-13 ZA ZA875096A patent/ZA875096B/xx unknown
- 1987-07-14 GB GB8716496A patent/GB2192737B/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-07-14 PT PT85326A patent/PT85326B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1987-07-14 CN CN87104851A patent/CN1009315B/en not_active Expired
- 1987-07-14 IT IT21269/87A patent/IT1222025B/en active
- 1987-07-14 NL NL8701652A patent/NL192353C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1987-07-15 FR FR878709945A patent/FR2601748B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-07-15 PH PH35540A patent/PH26990A/en unknown
- 1987-07-15 KR KR1019870007658A patent/KR920008002B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1987-07-15 DE DE8709700U patent/DE8709700U1/en not_active Expired
- 1987-07-15 ES ES8702082A patent/ES2004643A6/en not_active Expired
- 1987-07-15 CH CH2697/87A patent/CH677393A5/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1987-07-15 DE DE19873723284 patent/DE3723284A1/en not_active Ceased
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GB2192737B (en) | 1990-11-21 |
NZ220980A (en) | 1990-11-27 |
GR871085B (en) | 1987-10-22 |
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DE8709700U1 (en) | 1988-01-21 |
CH677393A5 (en) | 1991-05-15 |
KR880001952A (en) | 1988-04-28 |
PT85326B (en) | 1995-05-04 |
CA1281609C (en) | 1991-03-19 |
SE8702833L (en) | 1988-01-16 |
BE1001187A5 (en) | 1989-08-08 |
PH26990A (en) | 1992-12-28 |
SE466321B (en) | 1992-01-27 |
DE3723284A1 (en) | 1988-01-21 |
AU7526587A (en) | 1988-01-21 |
ES2004643A6 (en) | 1989-01-16 |
NL192353B (en) | 1997-02-03 |
DK353987A (en) | 1988-01-16 |
CN87104851A (en) | 1988-02-03 |
FR2601748B1 (en) | 1990-03-30 |
ZA875096B (en) | 1988-01-13 |
PT85326A (en) | 1988-07-29 |
DK353987D0 (en) | 1987-07-09 |
CN1009315B (en) | 1990-08-22 |
NL192353C (en) | 1997-06-04 |
SE8702833D0 (en) | 1987-07-10 |
AU586570B2 (en) | 1989-07-13 |
KR920008002B1 (en) | 1992-09-21 |
GB8716496D0 (en) | 1987-08-19 |
JPS6320603A (en) | 1988-01-28 |
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