DK172593B1

DK172593B1 - Excavator Bucket

Info

Publication number: DK172593B1
Application number: DK302589A
Authority: DK
Inventors: Harm Bakker; Hendrikus Adrianus M Thielking
Original assignee: Bakker Hydraulic
Priority date: 1988-06-22
Filing date: 1989-06-19
Publication date: 1999-02-08
Also published as: DE68917805D1; DK302589A; ES2058474T3; EP0348010A1; EP0348010B1; DK302589D0; NL8801591A; DE68917805T2

Description

DK 172593 B1 iDK 172593 B1 i

Opfindelsen angår en gravemaskinegrab, omfattende: en ramme med fastgørelsesorganer til sammenkobling med en hæve / sænkeanording ,- to kæber båret af rammen og monteret drejeligt om indbyrdes 5 parallelle, vandrette centerlinier, hvilke kæber har komplementære kanter rettet mod hinanden, og som tilsammen kan danne en grab; en drivenhed, f.eks. mindst en hydraulikcylinder med sammenkoblingsorganer til sammenkobling med en kontrollerbar 10 energitilføringsenhed, f.eks. en kilde til et medium under tryk; og transmissionsorganer, som er indrettet mellem drivenheden og kæberne; hvorved kæberne ved passende energitilførsel til drivenheden 15 kan bevæges mellem en lukket stilling, hvori de danner en grab, og en åben stilling; hvilke transmissionsorganer er indrettet således, at kræfterne, der udøves i et lodret plan af drivenheden, overføres i det i hovedsagen samme lodrette plan på kæberne, således at 20 ingen eller kun negligerbar torsion kan finde sted i transmissionsorganerne , hvorhos tranemissionsorganerne omfatter mindst to par af transmissionsarme, der bærer de respektive kæber, idet hvert par er indrettet symmetrisk i forhold til kæbernes lodrette, 25 centrale tværplan.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to an excavator grab comprising: a frame with fasteners for coupling with a raising / lowering device; a grab; a drive unit, e.g. at least one hydraulic cylinder with interconnecting means for interconnecting with a controllable energy supply unit, e.g. a source of a pressurized medium; and transmission means arranged between the drive unit and the jaws; whereby the jaws can be moved by a suitable energy supply to the drive unit 15 between a closed position in which they form a grab and an open position; which transmission means is arranged so that the forces exerted in a vertical plane by the drive unit are transmitted in substantially the same vertical plane on the jaws so that no or only negligible torsion can take place in the transmission means, the transmission means comprising at least two pairs of transmission arms carrying the respective jaws, each pair being arranged symmetrically with respect to the vertical, central transverse plane of the jaws.

En sådan gravemaskinegrab er kendt fra DE-A-2.536.709. Ifølge denne kendte teknik kan krafttransmissionen ved hjælp af koblingsorganerne kun finde sted, for så vidt de respektive 2 DK 172593 B1 trin, som udgør en del af transmissionsarmene, overfører nik-svingningskraefterne via en sigte-overflade til den næst-føl-gende plades sigte-overflade. Som følge af dette strukturelle arrangement kan det ikke undgås, at krafttransmissionen ikke 5 finder sted i et enkelt vertikalt plan, men snarere fra én pladedel til den næst-følgende pladedel. En sådan krafttransmission medfører nødvendigvis en forskydningsspænding mellem de tilstødende pladedele. Tilstedeværelsen af torsionskræfterne i denne kendte konstruktion kan have mange ulemper.Such an excavator grab is known from DE-A-2,536,709. According to this prior art, power transmission by means of the coupling means can only take place insofar as the respective steps which form part of the transmission arms transmit the nick oscillation forces through a screen surface to the screen of the next plate. -surface. Due to this structural arrangement, it cannot be avoided that the power transmission does not take place in a single vertical plane, but rather from one plate part to the next plate part. Such a power transmission necessarily causes a shear stress between the adjacent plate parts. The presence of torsional forces in this known construction can have many disadvantages.

10 Torsion er sædvanligvis et fænomen, som ikke tages i betragtning ved udformningen. Konstruktioner er derfor ofte overdimensioneret for empirisk at nedsætte konsekvenserne til et minimum. Den yderligere ulempe kan opstå ved, at mange dele af konstruktionen begynder at antage indbyrdes forskellige 15 positioner fra de krævede. I tilknytning medfører en elastisk torsion tilstedeværelsen af et relativt svagt element i den mekaniske kæde og en reduceret krafttransmission som følge deraf.Torsion is usually a phenomenon that is not taken into account in the design. Constructions are therefore often oversized to minimize the consequences empirically. The further disadvantage may arise from the fact that many parts of the construction begin to assume mutually different positions from those required. In conjunction with this, an elastic torsion results in the presence of a relatively weak element in the mechanical chain and a reduced force transmission as a result.

Det er et formål med opfindelsen at tilvejebringe en gravema-20 skinegrab, som er befriet for disse tidligere kendte mangler.It is an object of the invention to provide an excavator grab which is freed from these prior art deficiencies.

For at opnå dette formål er gravemaskinegrabben ifølge opfindelsen kendetegnet ved, at hver transmissionsarm er en plan plade, som har væsentlig større dimensioner i dens lodrette plan end på tværs deraf.For this purpose, the excavator grab according to the invention is characterized in that each transmission arm is a flat plate having substantially larger dimensions in its vertical plane than across it.

25 En yderligere udvikling af de sidste to udførelsesformer viser det særlige træk, at drivenheden omfatter mindst en trykcylinder, hvis ender, ved hjælp af to mere eller mindre U-formede koblingsdele, er sammenkoblet med to respektive par af transmissionsarme, der hver er forbundet med en kæbe. Med 30 denne variant opnås således på en meget simpel måde og uden tilstedeværelsen af torsion, at de aktive ender af trykcylinderen overfører den derved frembragte kraft på transmissionsarmene ved en aksial afstand i forhold til omdrejningscenterlinien. Træk- og trykkræfterne, som opstår, kan let 3 DK 172593 B1 optages ved anvendelse af simple mekaniske konstruktioner.A further development of the last two embodiments shows the particular feature that the drive unit comprises at least one pressure cylinder, the ends of which, by means of two more or less U-shaped coupling parts, are coupled to two respective pairs of transmission arms, each connected to each other. a jaw. Thus, with this variant it is achieved in a very simple manner and without the presence of torsion that the active ends of the pressure cylinder transmit the force produced thereon to the transmission arms at an axial distance relative to the center of rotation. The resulting tensile and compressive forces can easily be absorbed using simple mechanical structures.

Ved en yderligere videreudvikling af de to sidstnævnte udførelsesformer kan ifølge opfindelsen drivenheden omfatte mindst en trykcylinder, hvis ender er sammenkoblet ved hjælp 5 af to i det mindste mere eller mindre U-formede koblingsdele med to par transmissionsarme, der hver er forbundet med en kæbe. I denne udførelsesform opnås på en meget simpel måde og uden tilstedeværelsen af torsion, at trykcylinderens aktive ender overfører de derved tilvejebragte kræfter til transmis-10 sionsarmene i en aksial afstand i forhold til drejecenter-linien. Træk- og trykkræfterne, der optræder, kan nemt absorberes ved anvendelse af simple mekaniske konstruktioner.In a further development of the two latter embodiments of the invention, the drive unit may comprise at least one pressure cylinder, the ends of which are interconnected by means of two at least more or less U-shaped coupling parts with two pairs of transmission arms, each connected to a jaw. In this embodiment, in a very simple manner and without the presence of torsion, the active ends of the pressure cylinder are obtained to transfer the forces thus obtained to the transmission arms at an axial distance relative to the center of rotation. The tensile and compressive forces that occur can be easily absorbed by the use of simple mechanical structures.

Opfindelsen forklares nedenfor under henvisning til forskellige udførelsesformer samt tegningen, hvor 15 fig. 1 viser fra siden og delvis i snit langs linien I-I i fig. 2 en første udførelsesform af gravemaskinegrabben ifølge opfindelsen, fig. 2 den i fig. 1 viste grab fra oven, fig. 3 den i fig. 1 viste grab fra siden, 20 fig. 4 forfra en anden udførelsesform af gravemaskinegrabben ifølge opfindelsen, og fig. 5 detalje V i fig. 4.The invention is explained below with reference to various embodiments and the drawing, in which FIG. 1 is a side view, partly in section, along line I-I of FIG. 2 shows a first embodiment of the excavator grab according to the invention; FIG. 2 is the one shown in FIG. 1 from above; FIG. 3 shows the one shown in FIG. 1, side view, FIG. 4 is a front view of another embodiment of the excavator grab according to the invention; and FIG. 5 detail V in FIG. 4th

Den i fig. 1, 2 og 3 viste gravemaskinegrab 1 omfatter en ramme 2 med fastgørelsesorganer 3 til sammenkobling med en 25 hæve/sænkeindretning (ikke vist) . Gravemaskinegrabben 1 omfatter endvidere to kæber 6, 7, som bæres af rammen 2 og kan dreje om indbyrdes parallelle, horisontale aksler 4, 5, hvilke kæber har komplementære kanter Θ, 9 rettet mod hinanden således, at kæberne 6, 7 tilsammen danner en lukket grab på 4 DK 172593 B1 den i fig. l tydeligt viste måde. Gravemaskinegrabben 1 omfatter endvidere en hydraulikcylinder 10 med tilslutninger 11 til sammenkobling med en kontrollerbar kilde med hydraulikolie .The FIG. The excavator grab 1 shown in Figures 1, 2 and 3 comprises a frame 2 with fasteners 3 for interconnection with a raising / lowering device (not shown). The excavator grab 1 further comprises two jaws 6, 7, which are carried by the frame 2 and can rotate mutually parallel, horizontal shafts 4, 5, the jaws having complementary edges Θ, 9 facing each other such that the jaws 6, 7 together form a closed grab on 4 DK 172593 B1 the one in fig. l clearly shown way. The excavator grab 1 further comprises a hydraulic cylinder 10 with connections 11 for interconnection with a controllable source of hydraulic oil.

5 Mellem hydraulikcylinderens 10 ender 12, 13 på den ene side og transmissionsarmene 14, 15; 16, 17, som bærer kæberne 6 og 7 på den anden side, strækker sig mere eller mindre U-formede sammenkoblingsdele 17, 18, som overfører kraften udøvet af den hydrauliske cylinder 10 til transmissionsarmene 14, 15; 10 16, 17 via de pågældende drejeled 20, 21; 22, 23.5 Between the ends 12, 13 of the hydraulic cylinder 10 on one side and the transmission arms 14, 15; 16, 17, which carry the jaws 6 and 7, on the other hand, extend more or less U-shaped coupling members 17, 18 which transmit the force exerted by the hydraulic cylinder 10 to the transmission arms 14, 15; 10 16, 17 via the relevant turning links 20, 21; 22, 23.

Fra fig. 1, 2 og 3 vil det kunne udledes, at kræfterne udøvet af drivenheden 10, 18, 19, og som overføres i de to planer for de pågældende transmissionsarme 14, 16 og 15, 17, over føres i det samme lodrette plan på kæben. Dette betyder, at 15 der som beskrevet ovenfor ikke optræder nogen eller i det mindste praktisk taget ingen torsionskræfter i transmissionskæden.From FIG. 1, 2 and 3, it can be deduced that the forces exerted by the drive unit 10, 18, 19 and transmitted in the two planes of the respective transmission arms 14, 16 and 15, 17 are transmitted in the same vertical plane on the jaw. This means that, as described above, no or at least practically no torsional forces occur in the transmission chain.

Gravemaskinens 1 virkemåde vil være yderligere tydeliggjort uden forklaring. Gennem en passende energitilføring til den 20 hydrauliske cylinder 10 via forbindelserne 11 kan kæberne 6, 8 dreje om akslerne 4, 5 mellem en lukket stilling, vist særlig tydelig i fig. 1, hvori de sammen danner en grab, og en ønsket åben stilling.The operation of the excavator 1 will be further clarified without explanation. Through a suitable energy supply to the hydraulic cylinder 10 via the connections 11, the jaws 6, 8 can rotate the shafts 4, 5 between a closed position, shown particularly clearly in FIG. 1, in which they together form a grab and a desired open position.

I fig. 4 er gravemaskinegrabben 24 vist fra siden. Ved denne 25 udførelsesform er de tilsvarende elementer som i fig. 1, 2 og 3 angivet med de samme generelle henvisningstal, som her.In FIG. 4, the excavator grab 24 is shown from the side. In this embodiment, the corresponding elements as in FIG. 1, 2 and 3 are given the same general reference numbers as here.

Disse elementer vil derfor ikke blive yderligere beskrevet.Therefore, these elements will not be further described.

Gravemaskinegrabben 24 bærer to kæber, hvoraf kun den ene er vist. Denne er angivet med det generelle anvisningstal 26.The excavator grab 24 carries two jaws, only one of which is shown. This is indicated by the general number 26.

30 Denne kæbe 26 bæres af to transmissionsarme 27, 28. Disse arme 27, 28 er anbragt ved hver ende af kæben 26, set i længderetningen. Hydraulikcylindere 128, 129 overfører de udøve-This jaw 26 is supported by two transmission arms 27, 28. These arms 27, 28 are located at each end of the jaw 26, seen in the longitudinal direction. Hydraulic cylinders 128, 129 transmit the

Claims

An excavator grab (1) comprising a frame with fasteners for interlocking with a raising / lowering device, two jaws (6, 7) carried by the frame and rotatably mounted mutually parallel, horizontal center lines (4, 5), the jaws 30 having complementary edges (8, 9) directed to each other and which together can form a grab, drive unit, e.g. at least one hydraulic cylinder (10) with coupling means for coupling 6 DK 172593 B1 with a controllable energy supply unit, e.g. a source of a pressurized medium, and transmission means (14, 15; 16, 17) arranged between the drive unit (10) and the jaws 6, 7), whereby the jaws (6, 7), by appropriate energy supply to the drive unit ( 10) can be moved between a closed position in which they together form a grab and an open position, which transmission means are arranged so that the forces exerted in a vertical plane by the drive unit are transmitted in the substantially same vertical plane on the jaws, thus that no 10 or only negligible torsion can take place in the transmission means, the transmission means comprising at least two pairs of transmission arms (14, 15; 16, 17) carrying the respective jaws (6, 7), each pair being arranged symmetrically in relation to to the vertical central transverse plane of the jaws, ken -15, characterized in that each transmission arm (14, 15; 17) is a flat plate having substantially larger dimensions in its vertical plane than across it.

Excavator grab according to claim 1, characterized in that the drive unit comprises at least one pressure cylinder (10), the ends of which are connected by two more or less U-shaped coupling parts (18, 19) to two respective transmission arms (14, 15). ; 16, 17), each associated with a jaw (6, 7).