DK171246B1

DK171246B1 - Plate heat exchanger and method of producing the same

Info

Publication number: DK171246B1
Application number: DK90294A
Authority: DK
Inventors: Ilmari Katva; Henrik Moelgaard Henriksen
Original assignee: Gemina Termix Productions A S
Priority date: 1994-08-03
Filing date: 1994-08-03
Publication date: 1996-08-05
Also published as: DK90294A

Description

i DK 171246 B1in DK 171246 B1

Den foreliggende opfindelse angår en pladevarmeveksler, der omfatter en stabel plader, som har passageåbninger for de gennemstrømmende medier samt en bølgeformet overflade, som danner kanaler for mediernes strømning gennem varmevekslerens kamre, pakninger, der er anbragt mel-5 lem pladerne, endebunde, der er anbragt over og under pladestablen, og som er i indgreb med sammenspændingsorganer for at sammenspænde pladerne imod pakningerne i en brugsklar stand.The present invention relates to a plate heat exchanger comprising a stack of plates having passage openings for the flowing media as well as a wavy surface forming channels for the flow of media through the heat exchanger chambers, gaskets disposed between the plates, end bottoms which are arranged above and below the plate stack and which engage with clamping means to clamp the plates against the gaskets in a ready-to-use condition.

Opfindelsen angår ligeledes en fremgangsmåde til samling af en sådan ^ varmeveksler.The invention also relates to a method for assembling such a heat exchanger.

En pladevarmeveksler ifølge opfindelsen omfatter en stabel tynde plader, der er adskilt fra hinanden ved hjælp af pakninger. Pladerne presses imod hinanden, således at der dannes varmeudvekslingskamre 15 imellem pladerne. Hver plade er almindeligvis forsynet med fire passageåbninger. To åbninger er beregnet til det ene medie, og to åbninger til det andet medie i varmeveksleren. Passageåbningerne definerer forbindelser mellem hvert andet kammer for etablering af strømningen igennem varmeveksleren. Pakningerne er i det væsentlige placeret langs 20 pladernes kantområde samt omkring den ene passageåbning i hver ende af varmevekslerpladerne.A plate heat exchanger according to the invention comprises a stack of thin plates spaced apart by gaskets. The plates are pressed against each other so that heat exchange chambers 15 are formed between the plates. Each plate is usually provided with four passage openings. Two openings are for one medium and two openings for the other medium in the heat exchanger. The passage openings define connections between each other chamber for establishing the flow through the heat exchanger. The gaskets are substantially located along the edge region of the 20 plates as well as around one passage opening at each end of the heat exchanger plates.

For at forhindre lækage og sikre maksimal tætning ved ind- og udløb skal varmeveksleren sammenspændes med så stor kraft, at pakningerne 25 komprimeres effektivt mellem pladerne. For at undgå forvridning i de tynde plader, hvilket nødvendigvis vil medføre lækage, placeres disse plader, således at de registrerer eller er i kontakt med hinanden. Herved undgås forvridning. I områder ved passageåbningerne kan pladerne imidlertid ikke registrere eller være i kontakt med hinanden, da 30 pakninger i de skiftevis kamre ikke er placeret ud for hinanden. Ved disse passageåbninger har det derfor tidligere være foreslået, for eksempel fra britisk patentansøgning nr. 985955, at placere afstandsstykker.In order to prevent leakage and to ensure maximum sealing at the inlet and outlet, the heat exchanger must be clamped with such force that the gaskets 25 are compressed effectively between the plates. To avoid distortion in the thin plates, which will necessarily cause leakage, these plates are placed so that they detect or are in contact with each other. This avoids distortion. However, in areas at the passage openings, the plates cannot detect or be in contact with each other, as 30 seals in the alternating chambers are not located next to each other. Therefore, at these passage openings it has previously been proposed, for example from British Patent Application No. 985955, to place spacers.

35 i de kendte varmevekslere er der imidlertid ulemper ved fastgørelse af afstandsstykkerne til varmevekslerpladerne. Dette medfører behov for en supplerende svejse/1oddeoperation. Dette fordyrer fremstillingen og er samtidig medvirkende til at forøge risikoen for forvridning i pladen på grund af varmespændinger.35 in the known heat exchangers, however, there are disadvantages in attaching the spacers to the heat exchanger plates. This results in the need for an additional welding / odede operation. This makes manufacturing more expensive and at the same time contributes to increasing the risk of warping in the plate due to heat stresses.

DK 171246 B1 2DK 171246 B1 2

Ved sammenspændingen anvendes almindeligvis stagbolte, der passerer gennem endebundene, der er placeret ved bunden og toppen af pladestablen. Under sammenspænding er der risiko for en skæv tilspænding. Dette kan forårsage en forvridning af varmeveksleren og dermed en risiko for 5 utæthed. Anvendelsen af stagbolte vil endvidere medføre, at det totale ydre volumen, som optages af varmeveksleren, er forøget, da stagboltenes møtrikker nødvendigvis er placeret uden på endebundene, og da selve stagboltene nødvendigvis forløber udenfor pladestablen.At the clamping, stud bolts passing through the end bottoms located at the bottom and top of the sheet stack are generally used. Under tightening, there is a risk of skewed tension. This can cause a distortion of the heat exchanger and thus a risk of leakage. The use of stag bolts will furthermore increase the total outer volume occupied by the heat exchanger, since the stag bolts' nuts are necessarily located outside the end bottoms and as the stag bolts themselves extend beyond the plate stack.

10 Der er således ønske om en pladevarmeveksler, der er lettere og hurtigere at montere, samtidig med at der opnås en høj sikkerhed for tæthed, og som samtidig har så lille volumen som muligt.10 Thus, there is a desire for a plate heat exchanger that is easier and faster to install, while at the same time providing a high degree of tightness and at the same time having as little volume as possible.

Det er formålet med den foreliggende opfindelse at anvise en plade-15 varmeveksler, som opfylder dette ønske samt at anvise en fremgangsmåde til fremstilling af varmeveksleren.It is the object of the present invention to provide a plate heat exchanger that meets this desire and to provide a method for producing the heat exchanger.

Dette opnås ifølge den foreliggende opfindelse med en pladevarmeveksler af den indledningsvis nævnte type, som er særpræget ved, at sam-20 menspændingsorganerne udgøres af en stort set U-formet skinne, der har en længde svarende til længden af pladerne, og som har U'ets flanger i indgreb med spor, der er dannet i endebundene.This is achieved according to the present invention with a plate heat exchanger of the type mentioned in the beginning, which is characterized in that the compressive members are constituted by a substantially U-shaped rail having a length corresponding to the length of the plates and having U etch flanges engage with grooves formed at the end bottoms.

Fremgangsmåden ifølge opfindelsen til fremstilling af en sådan varme- 25 veksler er særpræget ved, at endebunde, plader, pakninger og afstandsstykker lægges løst sammen, at der på endebundene udøves en ydre sam menspændingskraft, som er større end sammenspændingskraften i varmevekslerens brugsklare tilstand, at de U-formede skinners flanger forskydes ind igennem endebundenes spor, og at den ydre sammenspændings-30 kraft fjernes.The method of the invention for producing such a heat exchanger is characterized in that the ends, plates, gaskets and spacers are loosely joined together that an outer compressive force exceeding the compressive force in the ready-to-use state of the heat exchanger is exerted. The flanges of un-shaped rails are displaced through the grooves of the end bottoms and the external compressive force is removed.

Pladerne til pladevarmeveksleren kan fremstilles af separate elementer uden anvendelse af sammenspændingsbolte, svejsning eller lodning, som giver risiko for lækage på grund af skæv sammenspænding eller varme- 35 spændinger.The plates for the plate heat exchanger can be made of separate elements without the use of clamping bolts, welding or soldering which gives the risk of leakage due to skewed tension or heat stresses.

Pladevarmeveksleren holdes således sammenspændt i sin brugstilstand alene ved sammenspændingsskinnernes indgreb med sporene i endebundene.The plate heat exchanger is thus kept clamped in its operating condition only by the engagement of the clamping rails with the grooves in the end bottoms.

3 DK 171246 B13 DK 171246 B1

Anvendelsen af den U-formede skinne, der er fremstillet af en relativt tynd, bukket plade, er med til at formindske varmevekslerens ydre volumen. Skinnerne vil således kunne placeres i umiddelbar nærhed af pladestablen og vil ikke være fremspringende ud over endebundene. Der 5 opnås således en meget kompakt pladevarmeveksler, hvor skinnerne tillige benyttes som afdækning af pladestablen. Pladevarmevekslere kan således monteres direkte uden behov for yderligere afdækninger.The use of the U-shaped rail, made of a relatively thin, curved plate, helps to reduce the external volume of the heat exchanger. The rails can thus be placed in the immediate vicinity of the plate stack and will not be protruding beyond the end bottoms. Thus, a very compact plate heat exchanger is obtained, where the rails are also used as cover for the plate stack. Thus, plate heat exchangers can be mounted directly without the need for additional covers.

Idet pladevarmeveksleren er fremstillet alene af løse dele, kan disse 10 hurtigt og enkelt lægges løst sammen ved at placere den nederste endebund. Ovenpå denne placeres plader og pakninger skiftevis. På hver plade monteres to løse afstandsstykker. Afstandsstykkerne er bølgeformede og har samme højde som kanalerne, der er dannet i den enkelte plade. Det vil derfor være muligt, at efter hinanden følgende plader 15 registrerer eller er i kontakt i områderne omkring samtlige passageåbninger.As the plate heat exchanger is made of loose parts alone, these 10 can be quickly and easily joined together by placing the lower end bottom. On top of this, plates and gaskets are placed alternately. Two loose spacers are mounted on each plate. The spacers are corrugated and have the same height as the channels formed in the individual plate. Therefore, it will be possible for successive plates 15 to register or be in contact in the areas around all passage openings.

Efter det ønskede antal plader er stablet ovenpå hinanden, for eksempel et antal på 16-30, placeres den sidste endebund. Herefter kan der 20 udøves en ydre sammenspændingskraft, som meget enkelt kan etableres i en presse. Når denne sammenspændingskraft er større end den sammenspændingskraft, der skal optræde i den brugsklare varmeveksler, er det muligt enkelt og hurtigt at placere den U-formede skinne i sporene og derefter frigøre den ydre sammenspændingskraft. Herefter er varmevek-25 sleren fuldt monteret og klar til brug.After the desired number of plates are stacked on top of one another, for example a number of 16-30, the last end bottom is placed. Thereafter, an external compressive force can be exerted which can be very easily established in a press. When this compressive force is greater than the compressive force that must occur in the ready-to-use heat exchanger, it is possible to easily and quickly place the U-shaped rail in the grooves and then release the external compressive force. The heat exchanger is then fully assembled and ready for use.

Ved at anvende den ydre sammenspændingskraft på endebundene kan disse sammentrykkes jævnt. Således er der ikke risiko for forvridning. Ved den efterfølgende fjernelse af sammenspændingskraften vil varmevek-30 sleren være holdt sammen af de U-formede skinner. Da disse er forsynet med parallelle flanger, der er indgreb med parallelle spor 1 endebunden, optræder der en ensartet sammenspændingskraft over hele varmeveksleren og på begge sider af varmeveksleren. Der er således ikke risiko for forvridninger samt heraf følgende lækage.By applying the external compressive force to the end bottoms, these can be compressed evenly. Thus, there is no risk of distortion. Upon subsequent removal of the compressive force, the heat exchanger will be held together by the U-shaped rails. Since these are provided with parallel flanges engaged by parallel grooves 1 at the bottom, a uniform compressive force occurs throughout the heat exchanger and on both sides of the heat exchanger. Thus, there is no risk of distortion and consequent leakage.

3535

Afstandsstykkerne er fortrinsvis bølgeformede, og passageåbningerne er forbundet med pladernes kanaler via fordybninger i ringformede vulster, der omslutter passageåbningerne. Herved opnås ikke alene, at der etableres bedst mulig registrering/kontakt imellem efterfølgende 4 DK 171246 B1 plader, men det sikres tillige, at det gennemstrømmende medie på sikker måde fordeles i flere af pladernes kanaler. Denne sikkerhed for størst mulig fordeling af det gennemstrømmende medie er særlig markeret, når afstandsstykket forløber længst muligt omkring 5 passageåbningen, fortrinsvis omkring ca. 180*.The spacers are preferably corrugated and the passage openings are connected to the channels of the plates via recesses in annular beads enclosing the passage openings. This not only ensures that the best possible registration / contact is established between subsequent 4 DK 171246 B1 plates, but it is also ensured that the flowing media is safely distributed in several of the channels channels. This assurance of greatest possible distribution of the flowing medium is particularly marked when the spacer extends as far as possible around the passage opening, preferably about 5 mm. 180 *.

Ifølge en foretrukket udførselsform konvergerer sammenspændingsskinnens indgrebsflanger mod hinanden, og endebundenes spor har en tilsvarende konvergering. Herved optræder der efter skinnernes montering 10 en kraft, som hindrer, at skinnerne kan "glide ud" af sporene. Sporene i endebundene er fortrinsvis placeret nær ved den ydre top og bund af endebundene, men kan i princippet placeres over hele tykkelsen af en endebund. Sporene kan være placeret helt ved den ydre top og bund af endebunden, således at de udgøres af udadtil åbne recesser. En ende-15 bund vil typisk have en tykkelse mellem 8 og 18 mm afhængigt af, om den er fremstillet af stål eller aluminium. Varmevekslerens højde kan være op til 180-200 mm.According to a preferred embodiment, the engagement flanges of the clamping rail converge with each other and the grooves of the end bottoms have a corresponding convergence. Hereby, after the mounting 10 of the rails, a force occurs which prevents the rails from "sliding out" of the tracks. Preferably, the grooves in the end bottoms are located near the outer top and bottom of the end bottoms, but can in principle be placed over the entire thickness of an end bottom. The grooves may be located completely at the outer top and bottom of the end floor, so that they are formed by outwardly open recesses. An end 15 bottom will typically have a thickness between 8 and 18 mm depending on whether it is made of steel or aluminum. The height of the heat exchanger can be up to 180-200 mm.

Opfindelsen vil herefter blive beskrevet nærmere under henvisning til 20 den medfølgende tegning, hvor 1 1 viser et samlet billede af en varmeveksler med sideskinne, afstandsstykker (ikke vist) og termofølerblok, fig. 2 viser et planbillede henholdsvis et snitbillede af sideskin-25 nen ifølge opfindelsen, fig. 3 viser et snitbillede af henholdsvis en øvre og en nedre endebund, fig. 4 viser et planbillede henholdsvis et snitbillede af afstandsstykket ifølge opfindelsen, 30 fig. 5 viser planbilleder af et afstandsstykke anbragt i et første henholdsvis et andet varmevekslerplade-lag, fig. 6 viser et snitbillede af sideskinnen monteret omkring varmevekslerplader og af afstandsstykker anbragt mellem varmevekslerpladerne samt af en øvre og nedre endebund.The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawing, in which: Figure 1 shows an overall view of a heat exchanger with side rail, spacers (not shown) and thermo-sensor block; 2 is a plan view and a sectional view, respectively, of the side rail of the invention; FIG. 3 is a sectional view of an upper and a lower end, respectively; FIG. 4 shows a plan view and a sectional view, respectively, of the spacer according to the invention; FIG. Figure 5 is a plan view of a spacer disposed in a first and a second heat exchanger plate layer, respectively; 6 shows a sectional view of the side rail mounted around heat exchanger plates and of spacers placed between the heat exchanger plates and of an upper and lower end bottom.

3535

Den efterfølgende beskrivelse vil være baseret på, at mediet i den primære og sekundære kreds er vand, og at vandet i den primære kreds er vand fra et fjernvarmenet, medens vandet i den sekundære kreds er brugsvand til 5 DK 171246 B1 brug i industri, husholdning eller 1 anden sammenhæng. Denne afgrænsning af medierne i forbindelse med beskrivelsen skal imidlertid ikke ses som en begrænsning af beskyttelsesomfanget, således som dette er fastlagt i kravene, men skal ses som en mulighed af flere for medier i 5 henholdsvis den primære og sekundære kreds.The following description will be based on the fact that the medium in the primary and secondary circuits is water and that the water in the primary circuit is water from a district heating network, while the water in the secondary circuit is utility water for industrial, domestic use. or 1 other context. However, this delimitation of the media in connection with the description should not be seen as a limitation of the scope of protection, as stipulated in the claims, but should be seen as an option of several for media in the primary and secondary circuits respectively.

Fig. 1 illustrerer en varmeveksler, der omfatter sideskinne 1, afstandsstykker (ikke vist) og en termofølerblok 2. Desuden omfatter varmeveksleren et indløb 3 og et udløb 4 for en primær vandforsynings-10 kreds og et indløb 5 og et udløb 6 for en sekundær vandforsyningskreds. Indløbene 3,5 og udløbene 4,6 er tilvejebragt i én af to endebunde 7,8. I udløbet 4 for den primære vandforsyningskreds er anbragt en termostatventil 9. Termostatventilen 9 reguleres af termofølerblok-ken 2 via en kapillarrørforbindelse 10. Følerblokken 2 er i den viste 15 udførelsesform anbragt i umiddelbar tilknytning til selve pladevarmeveksleren, men følerblokken kan placeres et hvilket som helst sted i den primære kreds mellem kilden til denne kreds og pladevarmeveksleren.FIG. 1 illustrates a heat exchanger comprising side rail 1, spacers (not shown) and a thermocouple block 2. In addition, the heat exchanger comprises an inlet 3 and an outlet 4 for a primary water supply circuit and an inlet 5 and an outlet 6 for a secondary water supply circuit. The inlets 3.5 and the outlets 4.6 are provided in one of two end bottoms 7.8. In the outlet 4 of the primary water supply circuit is arranged a thermostat valve 9. The thermostat valve 9 is controlled by the thermocouple block 2 via a capillary tube connection 10. The sensor block 2 is arranged in the illustrated embodiment directly adjacent to the plate heat exchanger itself, but any sensor block can be placed. place in the primary circuit between the source of this circuit and the plate heat exchanger.

20 Fig. 2 illustrerer en sideskinne 1 til sammenspænding af varmeveksleren. Sideskinnen 1 er bukket i form som et U-profil med flanger 11,12, der strækker sig konvergerende mod hinanden. Sideskinnen 1 er fremstillet af et tyndt plademateriale med tykkelse t og en højde h, der svarer til afstanden mellem spor i en øvre henholdsvis en nedre ende-25 bund 7,8 (se fig. 3). Længden 1 af sideskinnen 1 er den samme som længden af varmeveksleren, hvilket svarer til længden af varmevekslerplader i varmeveksleren (se fig. 6).FIG. 2 illustrates a side rail 1 for clamping the heat exchanger. The side rail 1 is bent in the form of a U-profile with flanges 11,12 extending converging towards each other. The side rail 1 is made of a thin sheet material with a thickness t and a height h corresponding to the distance between grooves in an upper and a lower end bottom 7,8 (see Fig. 3). The length 1 of the side rail 1 is the same as the length of the heat exchanger, which corresponds to the length of heat exchanger plates in the heat exchanger (see Fig. 6).

Fig. 3 illustrerer et snit gennem en øvre og en nedre endebund 7,8.FIG. 3 illustrates a section through an upper and lower end bottom 7,8.

30 Den nedre endebund 7 er i det viste snit forsynet med en udsparing 13, der er beregnet til at optage et kanalrør (ikke vist), der forbinder indløbene 3,5 og udløbene 4,6 med dertil svarende passageåbninger i varmevekslerpladerne (se fig. 6). Den nedre endebund er i det viste snit desuden forsynet med en udsparing 14, der danner tilledning for 35 et indløb 3 eller et udløb 6. Endebundene 7,8 er forsynet med spor 15,16, der er beregnet til at optage flangerne 11,12 på den U-formede sideskinne 1 (se fig. 2). Endebundene 7,8 er fremstillet af aluminium eller stål, og danner øvre og nedre afslutning for varmeveksleren (se fig. 1).In the shown section, the lower end bottom 7 is provided with a recess 13 intended to receive a duct tube (not shown) connecting the inlets 3.5 and the outlets 4.6 with corresponding passage openings in the heat exchanger plates (see fig. 6). In addition, the lower end bottom is provided with a recess 14 for forming an inlet 3 or an outlet 6 in the illustrated section. The end bottoms 7,8 are provided with grooves 15,16 intended for receiving the flanges 11,12. on the U-shaped side rail 1 (see Fig. 2). The end bottoms 7,8 are made of aluminum or steel and form the upper and lower ends of the heat exchanger (see Fig. 1).

6 DK 171246 B16 DK 171246 B1

Fig. 4 illustrerer et afstandsstykke 17 af en type, der er beregnet til at blive løst anbragt mellem varmevekslerplader (se fig. 6). Afstandsstykket 17 har en større overordnet bølgeform B, der danner kanaler 18, og en ydre omkreds 0, hvis forløb er fastlagt på basis af et 5 område af varmevekslerpladerne, der ikke er forsynet med kanaler (se fig 5). Dette område ligger i overgangen mellem varmevekslerpladernes kanaler og passageåbninger for den primære henholdsvis den sekundære vandstrøm gennem varmeveksleren.FIG. 4 illustrates a spacer 17 of a type intended to be loosely disposed between heat exchanger plates (see Fig. 6). The spacer 17 has a larger overall waveform B forming channels 18 and an outer circumference 0, the course of which is determined on the basis of a region of the heat exchanger plates not provided with channels (see Figure 5). This area lies in the transition between the channels of the heat exchanger plates and passage openings for the primary and secondary water flow through the heat exchanger, respectively.

10 Afstandsstykket 17's kanaler 18 forløber parallelt for at sikre en så lille strømningsmodstand for vandets strømning gennem afstandsstykkerne fra kanalerne i varmevekslerpladerne til passageåbningerne eller omvendt.The channels 18 of the spacer 17 extend in parallel to ensure such a small flow resistance to the flow of water through the spacers from the channels in the heat exchanger plates to the passage openings or vice versa.

15 Afstandsstykket 17 har som nævnt en større overordnet bølgeform B, men er desuden forsynet med en mindre underordnet bølgeform b. Denne mindre underordnede bølgeform b er tilvejebragt for at give afstandstykket 17 forøget styrke i retning på langs af kanalerne 18 parallelt med sidevægge 19 i kanalerne 18.As mentioned, the spacer 17 has a larger overall waveform B, but is also provided with a smaller subwave b. This smaller subwave b is provided to provide the spacer 17 with increased strength along the channels 18 parallel to sidewalls 19 in the channels. 18th

2020

Fig. 5 illustrerer afstandsstykket 17 anbragt i henholdsvis et pladelag A og et pladelag B af varmevekslerplader 20. Disse pladelag A,B vil være anbragt ovenpå hinanden, og vand fra den primære kreds henholdsvis vand fra den sekundære kreds vil ledes gennem varmeveksleren 25 i hvert sit skiftevise pladelag. Pladelagene A,B er er forsynet med en pakning 21 langs en ydre kant 22. Passageåbninger 23 er afgrænset fra hinanden ved, at pakningen 21 strækker sig ind over pladerne 20 og omkranser skiftevis den ene og den anden passageåbning 23 i hvert pladelag A,B.FIG. 5 illustrates the spacer 17 disposed in a plate layer A and a plate layer B of heat exchanger plates 20. These plate layers A, B will be arranged one above the other, and water from the primary circuit and water from the secondary circuit respectively will be passed through the heat exchanger 25 in alternating directions. layer sheets. The plate layers A, B are provided with a gasket 21 along an outer edge 22. Passage openings 23 are delimited in that the gasket 21 extends over the plates 20 and alternately surrounds one and the other passage apertures 23 in each plate layer A, B. .

3030

Afstandsstykkerne 17 er udformet og anbragt omkring passageåbningerne 23 således, at afstandsstykkerne yder størst mulig støtte omkring åbningerne og mindst mulig modstand mod vandets strømning. Varmevekslerpladerne 20 omfatter kanaler 24, der forløber parallelt, og omkring 35 passageåbningerne 23 er pladerne 20 forsynet med fordybninger 25, der strækker sig i en ringformet vulst 26.The spacers 17 are formed and arranged around the passage openings 23 such that the spacers provide the greatest possible support around the openings and least resistance to the flow of water. The heat exchanger plates 20 comprise channels 24 running in parallel, and about 35 of the passage openings 23, the plates 20 are provided with recesses 25 extending in an annular bead 26.

Da afgrænsningen af passageåbningerne 23 foretages ved, at pakningerne 21 strækker sig ind over varmevekslerpladerne 20 omkring passageåbnin- 7 DK 171246 B1 gerne 23, er der for at opnå tætning i et mellemområde mellem kanalerne 24 i varmevekslerpladerne og vulsten 24 omkring passageåbningerne ikke tilvejebragt kanaler eller fordybninger 25. I dette mellemområde er afstandsstykket 17 løst anbragt. Afstandsstykket 17 strækker sig 5 rundt om fordybningerne 25 i vulsten 26 omkring passageåbningerne 23 således, at omtrent 180* af passageåbningernes omkreds er omgivet af afstandsstykket. Afstandsstykket 17 er anbragt således, at afstands-stykkets kanaler 18 er rettet direkte i retning fra afslutningen af varmevekslerpladerne 20's kanaler 24 til fordybningerne 25 i vulsten 10 26 omkring passageåbningerne 23.Since the delimitation of the passage openings 23 is made by the seals 21 extending over the heat exchanger plates 20 around the passage openings 23, in order to obtain a seal in an intermediate region between the channels 24 in the heat exchanger plates and the bead 24 around the passage openings, no channels or recesses 25. In this intermediate region, the spacer 17 is loosely disposed. The spacer 17 extends 5 around the recesses 25 of the bead 26 around the passage openings 23 such that approximately 180 * of the circumference of the passage openings is surrounded by the spacer. The spacer 17 is arranged so that the channels 18 of the spacer are directed directly in the direction from the end of the channels 24 of the heat exchanger plates 20 to the recesses 25 of the bead 10 26 around the passage openings 23.

Fig. 6 illustrerer, hvorledes sideskinnen 1 er monteret omkring varmevekslerpladerne 20 og endebundene 7,8, og hvorledes afstandsstykker 17 er anbragt mellem de forskellige lag A,B af varmevekslerplader 20.FIG. 6 illustrates how the side rail 1 is mounted around the heat exchanger plates 20 and the end bottoms 7,8 and how spacers 17 are arranged between the different layers A, B of heat exchanger plates 20.

15 Varmeveksleren er i den viste udførelsesform pakket og i en brugsklar tilstand. Varmeveksleren omfatter de i tidligere figurer nævnte dele.The heat exchanger is packed in the illustrated embodiment and in a ready-to-use condition. The heat exchanger comprises the parts mentioned in the previous figures.

Sideskinnen l's flanger 11,12 (ikke vist) er monteret i spor (ikke vist) i henholdsvis den øvre og nedre endebund 7,8. Mellem endebundene 20 7,8 er stablet varmevekslerplader 20. Varmevekslerpladerne 20 har pas sageåbninger 23, omkring hvilke fordybningerne 25 er anbragt i en vulst 26. Mellem varmevekslerpladerne 20 er anbragt pakninger 11. Pakningerne 21 strækker sig for hvert pladelag A,B ind i mellemområdet mellem varmevekslerpladernes kanaler (ikke vist) og fordybningerne 25 25 i vulsten 26 omkring passageåbningerne 23.The flanges 11,12 of the side rail 1 (not shown) are mounted in grooves (not shown) in the upper and lower end bottom 7,8, respectively. Heat exchanger plates 20 are stacked between end ends 20 7,8. Heat exchanger plates 20 have passageway openings 23, around which recesses 25 are arranged in a bead 26. Between heat exchanger plates 20 are seals 11. The seals 21 extend for each plate layer A, B into the intermediate region. between the channels of the heat exchanger plates (not shown) and the recesses 25 25 in the bead 26 around the passage openings 23.

I den viste udførelsesform er imidlertid kun vist, at pakningerne 21 strækker sig ind i mellemområdet for hvert andet pladelag. Dette skyldes, at pakningerne strækker sig ind i mellemområdet skiftevis for den 30 ene og den anden passageåbning 23 forskellige vertikale planer i den pågældende ende af varmevekslerpladerne 20, og figuren illustrerer et snit i kun ét vertikalt plan. I de mellemområder, hvor pakningerne 21 ikke strækker sig ind, er afstandsstykker 17 løst anbragt imellem varmevekslerpladerne 20. Mellemområderne, der er som nævnt er mindre sta-35 bile, er således enten understøttet af en pakning 21 eller af et afstandsstykke 17.However, in the embodiment shown, it is only shown that the seals 21 extend into the intermediate region of each other sheet of sheet. This is because the seals extend into the intermediate region alternately for the one and the other passage apertures 23 different vertical planes at the respective end of the heat exchanger plates 20, and the figure illustrates a section in only one vertical plane. Thus, in the intermediate regions where the gaskets 21 do not extend, spacers 17 are loosely disposed between the heat exchanger plates 20. The intermediate regions, as mentioned, are less stable, are thus either supported by a gasket 21 or by a spacer 17.

En fremgangsmåde til at samle varmeveksleren er at samle en stabel af varmevekslerplader 20, der er forsynet med pakninger 21, mellem en 8 DK 171246 B1 øvre og nedre endebund 7,8. Mellem varmevekslerpladerne 20 er afstandsstykker 17 løst anbragt i de af mellemområderne, hvor pakningerne 21 ikke strækker sig. Stablen af varmevekslerplader 20 med pakninger 21 og afstandsstykker 17 samt en øvre og nedre endebund 7,8 udsæt-5 tes derefter for en sammenspændingskraft, der presser stablen noget sammen ved, at pakningerne 21 giver sig elastisk. Stablen presses så meget sammen, at højden af stablen bliver mindre end højden for den færdigt pakkede varmeveksler klar til brug.One method of assembling the heat exchanger is to assemble a stack of heat exchanger plates 20 provided with gaskets 21 between an upper and lower end bottom 7,8. Between the heat exchanger plates 20, spacers 17 are loosely disposed in those of the intermediate regions where the seals 21 do not extend. The stack of heat exchanger plates 20 with gaskets 21 and spacers 17 as well as an upper and lower end bottom 7,8 is then subjected to a compressive force which compresses the stack somewhat by the seals 21 being elastic. The stack is compressed so much that the height of the stack becomes less than the height of the pre-packaged heat exchanger ready for use.

10 Sideskinnerne l's flanger 11,12 forskydes derpå ind i endebundene 7,8's spor 15,16, enten vinkelret på varmevekslerens sider i retning mod varmeveksleren eller parallelt med siderne på langs af varmeveksleren. Når sideskinnerne l's flanger 11,12 er i indgreb med endebundene 7,8's spor 15,16, fjernes sammenspændingskraften, hvorefter høj -15 den af stablen af varmevekslerplader 20 med endebunde 7,8 øges, men kun så meget som højden h af sideskinnerne 1 tillader. Højden af stablen med endebunde må selvfølgelig ikke øges så meget, at der ikke længere er tætnende anlæg mellem pakninger 21 og varmevekslerplader 20.The flanges 11,12 of the side rails 1, 12 are then displaced into the grooves 15,16 of the end bottoms 7,8, either perpendicular to the sides of the heat exchanger in the direction of the heat exchanger or parallel to the sides longitudinally of the heat exchanger. When the flanges 11,12 of the side rails 1 are engaged with the grooves 15,16 of the end rails 7,8, the compressive force is removed, after which the high-15 of the stack of heat exchanger plates 20 with end-bottom 7,8 is increased, but only as much as the height h of the side rails 1 allow. Of course, the height of the end-bottom stack must not be increased so much that there are no longer sealing systems between gaskets 21 and heat exchanger plates 20.

20 Ovenstående beskrivelse er som nævnt baseret på, at mediet i henholdsvis den primære og den sekundære kreds er vand. Andre medier såsom olie i en eller begge af de to kredse vil imidlertid også kunne anven des. Den specifikke udformning af de enkelte elementer ifølge opfindelsen, det være sig sideskinnen, varmevekslerpladerne, afstandsstyk-25 ket, følerblokken eller andre dele skal ses som mulige udførelsesformer og ikke som en afgrænsning af opfindelsen, således som denne er angivet i kravene. Følerblokkens funktion er anført i beskrivelsen til figur 7 og er baseret på et eksempel med en temperatur for vandet i den primære kreds på ca. 70*C og en ønskelig temperatur for vandet i 30 den sekundære kreds på 50*C. Disse værdier er imidlertid blot eksempler og skal ikke ses som en afgrænsning af den foreliggende opfindelses anvendelsesmuligheder.20 As mentioned above, the above description is based on the fact that the medium in the primary and secondary circuits is water, respectively. However, other media such as oil in one or both of the two circuits may also be used. The specific design of the individual elements according to the invention, be it the side rail, the heat exchanger plates, the spacer block, the sensor block or other parts, should be regarded as possible embodiments and not as a limitation of the invention, as stated in the claims. The function of the sensor block is given in the description of Figure 7 and is based on an example with a water temperature in the primary circuit of approx. 70 ° C and a desirable temperature for the water in the secondary circuit of 50 ° C. However, these values are merely examples and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.

3535

Claims

A plate heat exchanger comprising a stack of plates having passage openings for the flowing media as well as a wavy surface forming channels for the flow of media through the heat exchanger chambers, gaskets disposed between the plates and end bottoms disposed over and below the plate stack, which engages with clamping means for clamping the plates against the gaskets in a ready-to-use condition, characterized in that the clamping means are formed by a substantially U-shaped rail having a length corresponding to the length of the plates and having IT flanges engage with grooves formed at the end bottoms.

Plate heat exchanger according to Claim 1, characterized in that the engagement flanges of the clamping rail converge towards each other and that the grooves in the end floor are also oriented converging towards each other and towards the center of the heat exchanger.

Plate heat exchanger according to claims 1-2, characterized in that the bottom of the U-shape of the clamping rail has a width corresponding to the distance between the ends of the bottom floor when the heat exchanger is in a clamped, ready-to-use condition.

Plate heat exchanger according to claims 1-3, characterized in that spacers are located in each chamber to avoid deformation of the plates due to internal pressure and compression forces, that each spacer is mounted about a passage opening and that the spacer has a height corresponding to the height of the channels of the plates. 30

Plate heat exchanger according to claim 4, characterized in that the spacer extends about approx. 180 * of the passage opening.

Plate heat exchanger according to claims 4 or 5, characterized in that the spacer is corrugated and has channels connecting the plates of the plates with recesses in an annular bead extending around the passage opening.

Plate heat exchanger according to claims 4-6, characterized in that the channels of the spacer run in parallel. 10 DK 171246 B1

Method for assembling a heat exchanger according to claims 1-7, characterized in that the end bottoms, plates and gaskets are loosely joined together that an external compressive force exceeding the compressive force in the ready-to-use state of the heat exchanger 5 is applied. the flanges of the U-shaped rails are displaced through the grooves of the ends and the external compressive force is removed.

Method according to claim 8, characterized in that the flanges of the U-10-shaped rails are displaced perpendicularly through the grooves of the end bottoms in the direction towards the heat exchanger.

9 DK 171246 B1

Method according to claim 8, characterized in that the flanges of the U-shaped rails are displaced into the groove of the end-bottom in the direction 15 along with the heat exchanger. 20 25 30 35