DK171088B1 - Sun Protection Filter - Google Patents

Sun Protection Filter Download PDF

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Publication number
DK171088B1
DK171088B1 DK407589A DK407589A DK171088B1 DK 171088 B1 DK171088 B1 DK 171088B1 DK 407589 A DK407589 A DK 407589A DK 407589 A DK407589 A DK 407589A DK 171088 B1 DK171088 B1 DK 171088B1
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DK
Denmark
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sun protection
range
protection filter
transmission
filter according
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DK407589A
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Danish (da)
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DK407589A (en
DK407589D0 (en
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Wolfgang Grimm
Karl-Heinz Winter
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Zeiss Carl
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02C—SPECTACLES; SUNGLASSES OR GOGGLES INSOFAR AS THEY HAVE THE SAME FEATURES AS SPECTACLES; CONTACT LENSES
    • G02C7/00—Optical parts
    • G02C7/10—Filters, e.g. for facilitating adaptation of the eyes to the dark; Sunglasses
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02C—SPECTACLES; SUNGLASSES OR GOGGLES INSOFAR AS THEY HAVE THE SAME FEATURES AS SPECTACLES; CONTACT LENSES
    • G02C2202/00—Generic optical aspects applicable to one or more of the subgroups of G02C7/00
    • G02C2202/16—Laminated or compound lenses

Abstract

A filter, for protection against the sun, of improved contrast sensitivity has a spectral transmission (T lambda ) which for wavelengths ( lambda ) of the incident radiation in the range lambda < 350 nm </=1% and in the range 350< lambda <400 nm is less than 20%, and which in the range 400< lambda <500 nm reaches a value of 5-30% and thereafter, proceeding from the value for T500, increases linearly with the wavelength to its maximum value. This progression is achieved by coating or colouring the filter material. In this case, it is advantageous to provide a component of the coating or colouring so that the spectral transmission (T lambda ) outside the visible spectral range, i.e. for values lambda >780 nm, quickly reaches a value <1% again. <IMAGE>

Description

DK 171088 B1DK 171088 B1

Den foreliggende opfindelse angår et solbeskyttelsesfilter til beskyttelse af øjnene mod skadelige og forstyrrende stråling.The present invention relates to a sun protection filter for protecting the eyes from harmful and disturbing radiation.

Sådanne solbeskyttelsesfiltre finder anvendelse i 5 solbeskyttelsesbriller, og virker ved så fuldstændigt som muligt at absorbere strålingen i det ultraviolette spektralområde samt ved at begrænse risikoen for blænding af stråler i det synlige spektralområde til et minimum. I tilknytning hertil skal filterkarakteristikken dog være således udformet, 10 at den såkaldte signallysopfattelse sikres. Ifølge krav i ISO "Specification for afocal filters for daylight" (8/87) betyder dette, at lyset i det gul-grøn-røde spektralområde højest må dæmpes 80%. Ifølge en norm, som er forskellig fra verdensdel til verdensdel, skal også opfattelsen af det blå 15 lys (eksempelvis i politi- og redningskøretøjer) være mulig.Such sunscreen filters are used in 5 sunscreen glasses, and work by absorbing the radiation in the ultraviolet spectral region as completely as possible as well as by minimizing the risk of blinding of rays in the visible spectral region. However, in connection with this, the filter characteristic must be so designed as to ensure the so-called signal light perception. According to ISO requirements "Specification for afocal filters for daylight" (8/87) this means that the light in the yellow-green-red spectral range must be at most 80% dimmed. According to a norm that differs from continent to continent, the perception of the blue light (eg in police and rescue vehicles) must also be possible.

Solbeskyttelsesfiltre fremstilles af glas eller af et transparent kunststof, f.eks. det under handelsbetegnelsen CR 39 markedsførte kunststof. Dette materiale kan være gen-nemindfarvet, men for den overvejende dels vedkommende belæg-20 ges grundmaterialet dog med et lag, som fastlægger den spek-trale transmission. Dette lag kan også bestå af pådampede tynde interferenslag, men kan dog også i tilknytning til filtre af kunststof fremstilles ved neddypning i et farvebad. Herved lejrer farvemolekylerne sig i de øverste lag af kunst-25 stoffet. Den spektrale transmission i et sådant beskyttelsesfilter af kunststof fastlægges så udelukkende ved den spektrale absorption i de indlagte farvelag.Sunscreen filters are made of glass or of a transparent plastic, e.g. the plastic marketed under the trade name CR 39. This material may be translucent, but for the most part, however, the base material is coated with a layer which determines the spectral transmission. This layer can also consist of evaporated thin interference layers, but can also be made in connection with plastic filters by immersion in a dye bath. Hereby, the color molecules settle in the upper layers of the synthetic material. The spectral transmission in such a plastic protection filter is then determined solely by the spectral absorption in the inlaid color layers.

I tilknytning til solbeskyttelsesfiltre bliver størrelserne af absorption henholdsvis transmission fastlagt 30 ved såkaldt foldning med den normerede spektrale lysfølsom-hedskurve (V^-kurven), hvilket i nærværende skrift betyder, at nævnte størrelser bestemmes ved at multiplicere den til transmissionskurven svarende funktion med den funktion, som svarer til øjets lysfølsomhedskurve. Multiplicerer man or-35 dinatværdierne for de to kurver indbyrdes for samme bølgelængde, frembringes værdierne for den med den spektrale DK 171088 B1 2 lysfølsomhedskurve foldede filterkurve. I praksis kan et sådant filter tilvejebringes med en absorption på 85%, 65% til ca. 40%.In connection with sunscreen filters, the magnitudes of absorption and transmission, respectively, are determined by so-called folding with the normed spectral light sensitivity curve (V ^ curve), which in the present writing means that said sizes are determined by multiplying the function corresponding to the transmission curve by that function. , which corresponds to the light sensitivity curve of the eye. If the ordinate values of the two curves are multiplied together for the same wavelength, the values of the filter curve, which is folded with the spectral DK 171088 B1 2, are generated. In practice, such a filter can be provided with an absorption of 85%, 65% to approx. 40%.

De hidtil eksempelvis fra US-A-3.516.720 eller US-A-5 4.045.125 kendte solbeskyttelsesfiltre har for stråling af bølgelængder λ< 350 nm i praksis en transmission T\ på 0. Herefter stiger transmissionen med tiltagende bølgelængder quasilineært og forbliver i området 450 < λ < 780 nm nærmest konstant på maksimalværdien. I almindelighed forbliver også 10 i området for λ > 780 nm transmissionen indtil over 800 nm fortsat konstant, og aftager først herefter, først og fremmest som følge af absorptionen i filtermaterialet i det infrarøde område.The sun protection filters known hitherto from US-A-3,516,720 or US-A-5,045,125, for radiation of wavelengths λ <350 nm, in practice have a transmission T \ of 0. Thereafter, the transmission increases with increasing wavelengths and remains quasilinear. the range 450 <λ <780 nm almost constant at the maximum value. In general, even in the region of λ> 780 nm transmission, up to over 800 nm, also remains constant, decreasing only thereafter, primarily as a result of the absorption of the filter material in the infrared region.

Det har vist sig, at disse kendte solbeskyttelsesglas 15 påvirker kontrastfølsomheden, især ved lav belysningstæthed negativ, og at under bestemte lysforhold, som f.eks. i diset vejr eller ved indirekte belysning bevirker, at der optræder en forstyrrende sløret lystæthed. Disse ulemper påvirker også accepten af sådanne beskyttelsesglas på negativ vis.It has been found that these known sunscreen lenses 15 adversely affect the contrast sensitivity, especially at low light densities, and that under certain lighting conditions, e.g. in foggy weather or indirect lighting causes a disturbing blurry light density. These disadvantages also adversely affect the acceptance of such protective glass.

20 Det er således formålet med den foreliggende opfin delse at tilvejebringe et solbeskyttelsesfilter til beskyttelse af øjnene mod skadelig og forstyrrende stråling, som udmærker sig ved en stærkt forbedret kontrastfølsomhed. Denne forøgelse af kontrastfølsomheden skal frem for alt 25 også virke ved middellysstyrke og ved ugunstige lysforhold.It is thus the object of the present invention to provide a sunscreen filter to protect the eyes from harmful and disturbing radiation, which is characterized by a greatly improved contrast sensitivity. Above all, this increase in contrast sensitivity should also work at medium brightness and in unfavorable lighting conditions.

Det angivne formål opnås ved et ved opfindelsen tilvejebragt solbeskyttelsesfilter, hvis spektrale fordeling af transmissionen (Ί\) i afhængighed af bølgelængden (λ) af den optrædende stråling er ejendommelig ved den i krav l's 30 kendetegnende del angivne udformning.The stated object is achieved by a sunscreen filter according to the invention, whose spectral distribution of the transmission (Ί \), depending on the wavelength (λ) of the radiation occurring, is peculiar to the design according to the characterizing part of claim 1.

Ved opfindelsen er der tilvejebragt et solbeskyttelsesfilter, som på særlig tydelig vis nedsætter transmissionen af den kortbølgede del af strålingen. Herved tilvejebringes overraskende nok en væsentlig forøgelse af kontrastfølsom-35 heden og en forbedret acceptans og tilpasning til solbeskyttelsesfilteret. Forøgelsen af kontrastfølsomheden skyldes DK 171088 B1 3 bl.a., hvilket undersøgelser i sammenhæng med opfindelsen har vist, at øjenmedierne i det kortbølgede område af lyset tilvejebringer spredning, og at denne spredning fører til blænding og forstyrrelser. En særlig tydelig dæmpning i 5 dette spektralområde påvirker altså kontrastfølsomheden positivt. Ved kortbølget lys optræder herudover en vekselvirkning mellem øjensystemets fotopiske og skotopiske systemer, hvilket især ved middel og lav lystæthed medfører en forringelse af kontrastfølsomheden.The invention provides a sun protection filter which reduces the transmission of the short-wave portion of the radiation in a particularly clear manner. Surprisingly, this provides a significant increase in contrast sensitivity and an improved acceptance and adaptation to the sun protection filter. The increase in contrast sensitivity is due to DK 171088 B1 3, among other things, which studies in connection with the invention have shown that the eye media in the short-wave region of light provides scattering and that this scattering leads to glare and disturbance. Thus, a particularly pronounced attenuation in this spectral range positively affects the contrast sensitivity. In addition, in the case of short-wave light, there is an interaction between the photopic and scotopic systems of the eye system, which, in particular at medium and low light densities, causes a decrease in contrast sensitivity.

10 Med det ved den foreliggende opfindelse tilvejebragte solbeskyttelsesfilter forbedres kontrastfølsomheden, og især kontrastfølsomheden ved middel lystæthed i forhold til kendte filtre.The sun protection filter provided by the present invention improves the contrast sensitivity, and especially the contrast sensitivity at medium light density over known filters.

Et ifølge opfindelsen udformet solbeskyttelsesfilter 15 har i en foretrukken eksempelvis udførelsesform en rødbrun toning. Selv når et sådant filter er udformet på kendt vis med en ved foldning med -kurven fastlagt absorption på 80 til 85%, virker den subjektiv på brugeren som et grå-filter med en absorption på 50%. Det ses heraf, at det ved 20 opfindelsen udformede solbeskyttelsesfilter er overordentligt bekvemt at bære for brugeren. Solbeskyttelsesfilteret ifølge opfindelsen forskyder kun i ringe grad farven for brugeren og opfylder alle forskrifter, hvad angår signallysopfattelse ifølge ISO "Specification for afocal filters for daylight", 25 med afprøvning efter metode B.A sunscreen filter 15 according to the invention has a red-brown tint in a preferred example embodiment. Even when such a filter is designed in a known manner with an absorption determined by folding with the curve of 80 to 85%, it subjectively acts on the user as a gray filter with an absorption of 50%. It can be seen from this that the sun protection filter formed by the invention is extremely convenient to wear for the user. The sun protection filter according to the invention only slightly displaces the color of the user and meets all the requirements regarding signal light perception according to ISO "Specification for afocal filters for daylight", 25 with test according to method B.

Med et solbeskyttelsesfilter ifølge krav 2 undertrykkes den kortbølgede del af lyset endnu kraftigere, således at transmissionen for bølgelængder indtil 380 nm reduceres til størrelser < 1%.With a sun protection filter according to claim 2, the short-wavy portion of the light is suppressed even more strongly, so that the transmission for wavelengths up to 380 nm is reduced to sizes <1%.

30 Ifølge krav 3 er tilvejebragt en fordelagtig udform ning af det ved opfindelsen tilvejebragte solbeskyttelsesfilter, hvorved transmissionen af bølgelængder over det synlige område, dvs. for λ < 780 nm nedsættes til størrelser < 1%. Herved beskyttes øjnene også mod strålingen i det 35 kortbølgede infrarøde område. Kravene 4-9 angår materialer til solbeskyttelsesfilteret, og udformningen af den spektrale DK 171088 B1 4 transmission.According to claim 3, an advantageous embodiment of the sun protection filter provided by the invention is provided, whereby the transmission of wavelengths over the visible area, i.e. for λ <780 nm is reduced to sizes <1%. This also protects the eyes from the radiation in the 35 short-wave infrared region. Claims 4 to 9 relate to materials for the sun protection filter and the design of the spectral DK 171088 B1 4 transmission.

Opfindelsen forklares i det følgende nærmere under henvisning til tegningen, på hvilken: fig. 1 er en kurve over den spektrale transmission i 5 et ifølge den første eksempelvise udførelsesform af opfindelsen tilvejebragte solbeskyttelsesfilter, fig. 2 er en kurve, som viser den spektrale transmission i en anden eksempelvise udførelsesform af opfindelsen, 10 fig. 3 viser den internationale lysfølsomhedskurve, dvs. -kurven.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a graph of the spectral transmission of a sun protection filter provided according to the first exemplary embodiment of the invention; FIG. Figure 2 is a graph showing the spectral transmission in another exemplary embodiment of the invention; 3 shows the international photosensitivity curve, ie curve.

Ved den i fig. 1 viste eksempelvise udførelsesform har solbeskyttelsesfilteret for bølgelængder λ < 380 nm en transmission < 1%, dvs. at filteret absorberer den i dette 15 område liggende ultraviolette stråling omtrent fuldstændigt. Oven over λ = 380 nm stiger den spektrale transmission (1\) op til ca. λ = 400 nm hurtigt til en størrelse på ca. 15%. Denne størrelse er omtrent konstant til λ = 500 nm, således at opfattelsen af signallys ifølge ISO "Specification 20 for afocal filters for daylight", med en afprøvning ifølge metode B, er sikret. Oven over λ = 500 nm forøges transmissionen fra værdien for T500 fortrinsvis lineært med bølgelængden (λ) til en maksimalværdi. Den viste lineære forøgelse er idealiseret. I virkeligheden kan man næppe opnå en sådan 25 virkelig lineær forøgelse. Forøgelsen skal imidlertid være så lineær som mulig for at undgå en farveforskydning ved solbeskyttelsesfilteret.In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 exemplary embodiment, the sun protection filter for wavelengths λ <380 nm has a transmission <1%, i.e. that the filter absorbs the ultraviolet radiation in this region almost completely. Above λ = 380 nm, the spectral transmission (1 \) increases up to approx. λ = 400 nm fast to a size of approx. 15%. This size is approximately constant to λ = 500 nm, so that the perception of signal light according to ISO "Specification 20 for afocal filters for daylight", with a test according to method B, is ensured. Above λ = 500 nm, the transmission from the value of T500 is preferably increased linearly with the wavelength (λ) to a maximum value. The linear increase shown is idealized. In fact, such a truly linear increase can hardly be achieved. However, the increase must be as linear as possible to avoid a color shift at the sun protection filter.

Den maksimale størrelse for transmissionen (1\) bliver i eksemplet nået ved λ « 700 nm. Denne størrelse forbliver 30 omtrent konstant indtil kanten af det synlige spektralområde ved λ = 780 nm, og falder herefter til en størrelse < 1% ved ca. λ = 820 nm.In the example, the maximum size of the transmission (1 \) is reached at λ «700 nm. This magnitude remains approximately constant until the edge of the visible spectral range at λ = 780 nm, and then decreases to a size <1% at ca. λ = 820 nm.

Et sådant forløb af den spektrale transmission kan opnås for solbeskyttelsesfiltre af glas ved belægning med 35 tynde interferenslag. Det er hertil muligt at placere lag på begge sider af solbeskyttelsesfilteret, hvorved forskellige DK 171088 B1 5 opgaver opfyldes. Sådanne lag kan således hvad deres sammensætning og tykkelse angå beregnes således, at der opnås et forud fastsat forlob af -kurven, og at fremstillingen af et sådant lag er mulig i datamatstyrede pådampningsanlæg.Such a course of the spectral transmission can be obtained for glass sun protection filters by coating with 35 thin interference layers. For this purpose, it is possible to place layers on both sides of the sun protection filter, thereby fulfilling various tasks of DK 171088 B1 5. Thus, such layers in terms of their composition and thickness can be calculated such that a predetermined course of the curve is obtained and that the preparation of such a layer is possible in computer controlled evaporation plants.

5 Også beskyttelsesfiltre af kunststof kan på denne vis blive belagt. Ganske vist er det mere økonomisk for filtre af kunststof at opnå den spektrale transmission ved neddypning i et modsvarende farvebad. Herved indlejres farve-molekyler i de øverste lag af filteret. Det er også muligt 10 at styre indfarvningen således, at filteret gennemfarves. Herved forbedres filterets ultraviolet stabilitet.5 Also, plastic protection filters can be coated in this way. Admittedly, it is more economical for plastic filters to achieve the spectral transmission by dipping into a corresponding color bath. Hereby, color molecules are embedded in the upper layers of the filter. It is also possible to control the staining so that the filter is stained. This improves the ultraviolet stability of the filter.

Den egnede sammensætning af farvebadet kan tilvejebringes ved udregning eller ved forsøg, idet der anvendes såkaldte dispersionsfarvestoffer.The appropriate composition of the dye bath can be provided by calculation or by experiment using so-called dispersion dyes.

15 Et solbeskyttelsesfilter ifølge fig. 1 er tilvejebragt med en absorption på ca. 65 - 85%. Denne absorption tilvejebringes på kendt vis ved foldning med den i fig. 3 viste -kurve. Til trods herfor virker dette beskyttelsesfilter for bæreren subjektiv som et gråfilter med 50% absorption.15 A sun protection filter according to FIG. 1 is provided with an absorption of approx. 65 - 85%. This absorption is provided in a known manner by folding with that of FIG. 3 curve. Nevertheless, this protective filter for the wearer subjectively acts as a gray filter with 50% absorption.

20 Bæreren har fordel af en overordentlig god kontrastfølsomhed også ved middel og lave lysintensiteter, uden at der optræder en forstyrrende farveforskydning i det betragtede motiv.20 The wearer benefits from extremely good contrast sensitivity even at medium and low light intensities, without disturbing color shift in the considered subject.

Ved den i fig. 2 viste eksempelvise udførelsesform er transmissionen for bølgelængder λ < 400 nm nedsat til 25 størrelsen < 1%, hvorefter transmissionen forøges og i området 410 < λ < 500 nm nås en værdi på 12%. Herefter stiger den spektrale transmission med bølgelængden i muligt omfang lineært, og når ved ca. λ = 780 nm den maksimale størrelse, som den beholder også for λ > 780 nm. Oven over λ = 800 nm, 30 dvs. i det infrarøde område, sænkes transmissionen som følge af den nedsatte gennemgangsevne for infrarøde stråler i det pågældende filtermateriale igen.In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the transmission for wavelengths λ <400 nm is reduced to 25 <1%, after which the transmission is increased and in the range 410 <λ <500 nm a value of 12% is reached. Thereafter, the spectral transmission with the wavelength increases to a possible extent linearly, reaching at approx. λ = 780 nm the maximum size it retains for λ> 780 nm as well. Above above λ = 800 nm, i.e. in the infrared range, the transmission is lowered again due to the reduced infrared transmittance of the filter material in question.

De i fig. 1 og 2 viste spektrale transmissionskurver er kun eksempler, som skal tjene til at vise det principielle 35 forløb af sådanne kurver.The 1 and 2, the spectral transmission curves are only examples which serve to show the principal course of such curves.

Claims (9)

1. Solbeskyttelsesfilter til beskyttelse af øjnene mod skadelige og forstyrrende stråling, kendetegnet ved følgende spektrale fordeling af transmissionen 5 (Τχ) i afhængighed af bølgelængden (λ) i den indfaldende stråling a) Τχ < 1% i området λ < 350 nm b) Τχ < 20% i området 350 < λ < 400 nm c) 5<Τχ<30%ί området 400 < λ < 500 nm 10 d) Τχ stiger fra værdien for T500 tilnærmet lineært med λ i området 500 < λ < 700 nm.1. Sun protection filter to protect the eyes from harmful and interfering radiation, characterized by the following spectral distribution of transmission 5 (Τχ), depending on the wavelength (λ) of the incident radiation a) Τχ <1% in the range λ <350 nm b) Τχ <20% in the range 350 <λ <400 nm c) 5 <Τχ <30% in the range 400 <λ <500 nm 10 d) Τχ increases from the value of T500 approximately linearly with λ in the range 500 <λ <700 nm. 2. Solbeskyttelsesfilter ifølge krav 1, kendetegnet ved følgende ændringer i området i punkt a) og punkt b) 15 a) Τχ < 1% i området λ < 380 nm b) Τχ < 20% i området 380 < λ < 400 nm.Sun protection filter according to claim 1, characterized by the following changes in the region of point a) and point b) a) Τχ <1% in the range λ <380 nm b) Τχ <20% in the range 380 <λ <400 nm. 3. Solbeskyttelsesfilter ifølge krav 1 eller 2, kendetegnet ved, at transmissionen (Τχ) i området 780 < λ < 850 nm falder til en værdi < 1%.Sun protection filter according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the transmission (Τχ) in the range 780 <λ <850 nm falls to a value <1%. 4. Solbeskyttelsesfilter ifølge krav 1-3, ken detegnet ved, at filteret består af et transparent materiale, hvis masse er indfarvet.Sun protection filter according to claims 1-3, characterized in that the filter consists of a transparent material whose mass is colored. 5. Solbeskyttelsesfilter ifølge krav 1-3, ken detegnet ved, at filteret består af et transparent 25 materiale, hvis spektrale transmission (Τχ) fastlægges ved pålagte lag.The sun protection filter according to claims 1-3, characterized in that the filter consists of a transparent material whose spectral transmission (Τχ) is determined by applied layers. 6. Solbeskyttelsesfilter ifølge krav 4 eller 5, kendetegnet ved, at materialet er glas.Sun protection filter according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the material is glass. 7. Solbeskyttelsesfilter ifølge krav 4 eller 5, 30 kendetegnet ved, at materialet er et transparent kunststof.Sun protection filter according to claim 4 or 5, 30, characterized in that the material is a transparent plastic. 8. Solbeskyttelsesfilter ifølge krav 1 - 3, kendetegnet ved, at filteret består af transparent kunststof, hvis spektrale transmission (Τχ) fastlægges ved 35 indbringning af farvemolekyler i de yderste lag. DK 171088 B1 7Sun protection filter according to claims 1 - 3, characterized in that the filter consists of transparent plastic whose spectral transmission (Τχ) is determined by the insertion of color molecules into the outermost layers. DK 171088 B1 7 9. Solbeskyttelsesfilter ifølge krav 1 - 8, kendetegnet ved, at den på kendt vis ved foldning med lysfølsomhedskurven (V^-kurve) fastlagte transmission T > 3%.Sun protection filter according to claims 1 - 8, characterized in that the transmission T> 3%, determined by folding with the light sensitivity curve (V ^ curve), determined.
DK407589A 1988-08-20 1989-08-18 Sun Protection Filter DK171088B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3828382 1988-08-20
DE3828382A DE3828382A1 (en) 1988-08-20 1988-08-20 SUN PROTECTION FILTER

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DK407589D0 DK407589D0 (en) 1989-08-18
DK407589A DK407589A (en) 1990-02-21
DK171088B1 true DK171088B1 (en) 1996-05-28

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EP (1) EP0355672B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH02103504A (en)
AT (1) ATE105946T1 (en)
AU (1) AU615782B2 (en)
CA (1) CA1328181C (en)
DE (2) DE3828382A1 (en)
DK (1) DK171088B1 (en)

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DE3828382A1 (en) 1990-02-22
EP0355672A3 (en) 1991-01-30
AU615782B2 (en) 1991-10-10
ATE105946T1 (en) 1994-06-15
DK407589A (en) 1990-02-21
EP0355672B1 (en) 1994-05-18
CA1328181C (en) 1994-04-05
DK407589D0 (en) 1989-08-18
AU4005089A (en) 1990-02-22
DE58907680D1 (en) 1994-06-23
EP0355672A2 (en) 1990-02-28
JPH02103504A (en) 1990-04-16

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