DK169201B1

DK169201B1 - Fibre-reinforced composite plastic material, especially for use in dental fillings

Info

Publication number: DK169201B1
Application number: DK97893A
Authority: DK
Inventors: Sten Hugh Francis Beckett
Original assignee: Sten Hugh Francis Beckett
Priority date: 1993-08-30
Filing date: 1993-08-30
Publication date: 1994-09-12
Also published as: DK97893D0

Abstract

A fibre-reinforced composite plastic material especially for filling dental cavities, in order to obtain improved mechanical characteristics by means of a directionally oriented filler constituent on the one hand and a greater quantity of filler compared to plastic on the other. The material consists of fibres arranged in a bundle (Figure 1), possibly held in a tube, impregnated with uncured plastic, and which by condensing can be brought into contact with the cavity. After curing the fibres (Figures 1a, 2a and 3a) are locked into the matrix plastic (Figures 1b, 2b and 3b) and in the finished filling are continuous from the surface of the filling to the bottom, and predominantly perpendicular to the surface.

Description

DK 169201 B1DK 169201 B1

Opfindelsen angår et materiale fortrinsvis til fremstilling af kompositte plastfyldninger i tænder. Materialet består af et 5 bundt fibre, inkorporeret i en plastmatrix og gående ubrudt fra fyldningens overflade til dens bund.The invention relates to a material preferably for making composite plastic fillings in teeth. The material consists of a 5 bundle of fibers, incorporated into a plastic matrix and going unbroken from the surface of the filling to its bottom.

Opfindelsen angår mere bestemt et fiberforstærket komposit-materiale, hvor fibrene er vinkelret på overfladen, fortrinsvis til tandfyldninger, hvilket materiale er ejendommeligt ved, at 10 det indeholder et bundt af fibre gående ubrudt fra materialets overflade til dets bund, hvilke fibre er inkorporeret i en uhærdet plastmatrix, der tillader at fibrene skubbes i kontakt med kavitetens bund og sider, således at der opnås maksimal kontakt inden hærdning finder sted.More particularly, the invention relates to a fiber-reinforced composite material wherein the fibers are perpendicular to the surface, preferably to tooth fillings, which material is characterized in that it contains a bundle of fibers extending unbroken from the surface of the material to its bottom, which fibers are incorporated into a non-cured plastic matrix that allows the fibers to be pushed into contact with the bottom and sides of the cavity so that maximum contact is achieved before curing takes place.

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Ved de kendte kompositplastfyldningsmaterialer til tænder, er indholdet af f il lerpartikler fordelt mere eller mindre uorganiseret, afhængig af partiklernes størrelse, form, materiale og mængde. Ved indirekte, på model fremstillede indlæg, har man 20 forsøgt at forbedre især bøjestyrken ved ilægning af glasfibre, fortrinsvis parallelt med overfladen.In the known composite plastic filling materials for teeth, the content of filament particles is distributed more or less disorganized, depending on the size, shape, material and quantity of the particles. In indirect, model-made inserts, 20 attempts have been made to improve especially the bending strength of glass fiber inserts, preferably parallel to the surface.

Den naturlige tandemalje består af en uorganisk del, lange hydroxylapatitkrystaIler, gående fra dentinen og lejret vinkelret på tandoverfladen og holdt sammen af et organisk netværk af 25 emaljestroma.The natural tooth enamel consists of an inorganic portion, long hydroxylapatite crystals, proceeding from the dentine and deposited perpendicular to the tooth surface and held together by an organic network of 25 enamel stroma.

U.S. patent 4,475,892 beskriver et keramisk mikrocellulært materiale til dentalt brug, fremstillet af sammensmeltede parallelle keramik- eller glasfibre, afskåret i tynde skiver. Det anvendes især til kroner og facader, hvor et flerlaget laminat 30 under stærk varme i porcelænsovn tilvirkes på model. Materialet er således stift og ikke formbart ved stue- og mundtemperatur.U.S. Patent No. 4,475,892 discloses a dental microcellular ceramic material made of fused parallel ceramic or glass fibers cut into thin slices. It is especially used for crowns and facades, where a multilayer laminate 30 under strong heat in porcelain oven is manufactured on model. The material is thus rigid and not malleable at room and mouth temperature.

Materialet ifølge opfindelsen adskiller sig især fra ovennævnte materiale ved, at det er uhærdet og dermed formbart ved stue- og 35 mundtemperatur, idet fillerdelen i den kompositte plast fortrinsvis består af fibre, sammenholdt i et bundt med parallelle anlægsflader, gående gennem fyldningen fra overflade til bund, og hvilke fibre først i den hærdede fyldning fastlåses indbyrdes af den afbundne plastmatrix. Fibrene kan være af glas, keramik, DK 169201 B1 2 kunststof eller andet. Plasten som omslutter hver fiber, kan være ren plast eller kompositplast med andre fillerpartikler. Fibrene 5 kan i tværsnit være cirkulære eller andet, afhængig af den ønskede mængdefordelig mellem fibre og matrix. Fiberoverfladen er behandlet, så en binding til plast opnås. Dimensionen tilpasses materialet, håndterbarhed og de ønskede fysiske egenskaber. Fibrene og plasten komponeres, så kosmetiske egenskaber, farve og 10 translucens tilgodeses.The material according to the invention differs in particular from the above-mentioned material in that it is uncured and thus malleable at room and mouth temperature, the filler portion of the composite plastic preferably consisting of fibers, bonded in a bundle with parallel abutment surfaces, passing through the filling from surface to surface. bottom, and which fibers are first locked into the cured filling by the bound plastic matrix. The fibers can be made of glass, ceramics, plastic or other. The plastic that encloses each fiber can be pure plastic or composite plastic with other filler particles. The fibers 5 can be circular or otherwise in cross section, depending on the desired quantity distribution between fibers and matrix. The fiber surface is treated so that a bond to the plastic is obtained. The dimension is adapted to the material, manageability and the desired physical properties. The fibers and plastic are composed to take into account cosmetic properties, color and translucency.

Ved opfindelsen opnås i forhold til konventionel komposit tandfyldningsplast:In accordance with the invention, in relation to conventional composite tooth filling plastic,

Større slidstyrke, idet fibrene ikke som fillerpartikler ved slid 15 undermineres og afrives.Greater abrasion resistance, as the fibers are not undermined and torn off as wear particles at wear 15.

Mindre afbindingskontraktion, dels p.gr.af fibrenes ubrudte forløb fra overflade til bund, dels p.gr.af at fillermængden er væsentligt forøget i forhold til den kontraherende plastmængde. Den høje ratio filler/plast forårsager ligeledes mindre thermisk 20 og hygroskopisk ekspansion.Less bonding contraction, partly due to the uninterrupted course of the fibers from surface to bottom, and partly due to the fact that the amount of filler is significantly increased in relation to the contracting amount of plastic. The high ratio of filler / plastic also causes less thermal 20 and hygroscopic expansion.

Fremstilling af en tandfyldning kan foregå ved at et med uhærdet plast gennemvædet bundt af fibre, evt. fastholdt i et rør, anbringes over en tandkavitet eller en model deraf. Med et 25 instrument eller på anden vis skubbes fibrene succesivt i kontakt med kavitetens bund og sider. Når det maksimalt opnåelige antal fibre er i kontakt med bund og sider, initieres hærdningen ved lys, kemisk eller andet.Preparation of a dental filling can be carried out by means of a wetted bundle of fibers, e.g. held in a tube, placed over a dental cavity or a model thereof. With an instrument or otherwise, the fibers are successfully pushed into contact with the bottom and sides of the cavity. When the maximum achievable number of fibers is in contact with the bottom and sides, the curing is initiated by light, chemical or other.

Ved fremstilling direkte i tandkavitet er denne forbehandlet for 30 at opnå binding mellem plast og emalje og dentin, og fyldt op med en viskøs, evt komposit plast, som fortrænges under kondenseringen af fibrene. Efter hærdning fjernes evt. rør, materialeoverskud, og fyldningen formes og poleres.When prepared directly in dental cavity, it is pretreated to obtain plastic-enamel-dentin bonding, and filled with a viscous, possibly composite, plastic which is displaced during the condensation of the fibers. After curing, remove any. tubes, excess material, and the filling is shaped and polished.

Ved fremstilling indirekte på model, kan fyldningen udformes og 35 poleres inden cementering i tanden, v.hj.af plastcement efter kendt teknik.When manufactured indirectly on a model, the filling can be designed and polished before cementing in the tooth, using plastic cement according to the prior art.

Tegning fig. 1 illusterer udsnit af fiberbundt, hvor a er fibre og b mellemliggende matrixplast.FIG. 1 illustrates sections of fiber bundles where a is fiber and b intermediate matrix plastic.

Fig. 2 illustrerer en tand d med kavitet b og fiberbundt a bragt 3 DK 169201 B1 til direkte kavitetskontakt og kontakt via matrixplast c.FIG. 2 illustrates a tooth d with cavity b and fiber bundle a brought 3 DK 169201 B1 for direct cavity contact and contact via matrix plastic c.

Fig. 3 er et forstørret udsnit af fig. 2.FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view of FIG. 2nd

5 Fig. 4 illustrerer alternative tværsnit af fibre.FIG. 4 illustrates alternative cross sections of fibers.

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Claims

1. Fiber-reinforced composite plastic material wherein the fibers are perpendicular to the surface, preferably for dental fillings, characterized in that it contains a bundle of fibers extending unbroken from the surface of the material to its bottom, which fibers are incorporated into an uncured plastic matrix which allows the fibers to be pushed. in contact with the bottom and sides of the cavity so that maximum contact is achieved before curing takes place.

Material according to claim 1, characterized in that the surface of the fibers is treated so that bonding to plastic is achieved. 15 20 25 30 35