DK161505B - HYDROSTATIC CONTROL FOR VEHICLES - Google Patents

HYDROSTATIC CONTROL FOR VEHICLES Download PDF

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Publication number
DK161505B
DK161505B DK525886A DK525886A DK161505B DK 161505 B DK161505 B DK 161505B DK 525886 A DK525886 A DK 525886A DK 525886 A DK525886 A DK 525886A DK 161505 B DK161505 B DK 161505B
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DK
Denmark
Prior art keywords
pressure
control
valve
safety valve
line
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DK525886A
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Danish (da)
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DK525886D0 (en
DK525886A (en
DK161505C (en
Inventor
Werner Tischer
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Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen
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Publication of DK525886D0 publication Critical patent/DK525886D0/en
Publication of DK525886A publication Critical patent/DK525886A/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62DMOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D5/00Power-assisted or power-driven steering
    • B62D5/06Power-assisted or power-driven steering fluid, i.e. using a pressurised fluid for most or all the force required for steering a vehicle
    • B62D5/09Power-assisted or power-driven steering fluid, i.e. using a pressurised fluid for most or all the force required for steering a vehicle characterised by means for actuating valves

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Safety Valves (AREA)
  • Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)

Description

DK 161505 BDK 161505 B

Den foreliggende opfindelse angår en hydrostatisk styring til køretøjer og med en servopumpe, med en ved hjælp af et rat betjent håndpumpe og med en styreventil til fordeling af trykmedium til to arbejdskredse på en styremotor 5 med en styringscylinder, som i neutralstilling er blokeret, idet der i kredsen af trykledninger til styringscylinderen er en fjederbelastet sikkerhedsventilindretning til værn mod stød fra kørebanen.The present invention relates to a hydrostatic control for vehicles and with a servo pump, with a hand-operated steering pump and with a control valve for distributing pressure medium to two working circuits on a control motor 5 with a control cylinder which is in neutral position, in the circuit of pressure lines to the control cylinder is a spring loaded safety valve device for protection against impacts from the roadway.

Ved blokerede cylindertilslutninger i neutralstilling 10 af ventilglideren på styreventilen er det ved hydrostatiske styringer nødvendigt eller endda foreskrevet med sikkerhedsventiler ved hver trykledningsside af styringscylinderen.For blocked cylinder connections in neutral position 10 of the valve slider on the control valve, it is necessary or even prescribed by hydrostatic controls with safety valves at each pressure line side of the control cylinder.

Ved fuldt påtrykt servotryk og yderligere tilført håndkraft til trykdifferensfrembringelse ved håndpumpen kan der af-15 ledes trykmedium via sikkerhedsventilindretningen, i almindelighed olie. Denne afledning sker herunder ved en direkte forbindelse fra sikkerhedsventilens aflastningsside direkte til tanken eller via returledningen til tanken. Når sikkerheds ventilindretningen, som i almindelighed består af to 20 sikkerhedsventiler, en for hvert stempelrum i styringscylinderen, påvirkes eller afgiver lækolie, afbrydes synkroniseringen mellem rattet og de hjul, som skal styres, da cylinderen ved akslen ikke længere følger rattets bevægelse. Normalt frembringer en bestemt drejning af rattet og dermed og-25 så håndpumpen en bestemt stempelvandring i styringscylinderen, hvorved der fremkommer et bestemt styreudslag ved hjulene. Påvirkes styringscylinderen dog fra kørebanen via styrestængerne af stød, så fører dette til en trykopbygning i styringscylinderen, hvilket forårsager et tilsvarende trykstød i led-30 ningerne. På grund af den dermed nødvendige afledning af trykmedium via sikkerhedsventilerne indstiller der sig dog en asynkronitet, dvs. et fejlforhold i styringen. Hertil kommer en høj belastning af aksen eller styringscylinderen. Herved kan det komme til bøjning eller endda til brud på akseldele, 35 sporstænger eller styrearme. Også når der ikke direkte optræder brud på den ene eller den anden af de nævnte dele, forstyrres sporforholdene af køretøjet, hvilket fx har et forøget dækslid til følge.With fully applied servo pressure and additional hand force for pressure differential generation at the hand pump, pressure medium can be discharged via the safety valve device, generally oil. This diversion is done by direct connection from the relief valve relief side directly to the tank or via the return line to the tank. When the safety valve assembly, which generally consists of two safety valves, one for each piston space in the steering cylinder, is affected or releases leaking oil, synchronization between the steering wheel and the wheels to be controlled is interrupted as the cylinder at the shaft no longer follows the steering wheel movement. Normally, a particular rotation of the steering wheel and thus the hand pump also produces a certain piston walk in the steering cylinder, whereby a certain steering stroke is produced at the wheels. However, if the steering cylinder is actuated from the roadway via the steering rods of shocks, this leads to a pressure build-up in the steering cylinder, which causes a corresponding thrust in the lines. However, due to the necessary discharge of pressure medium via the safety valves, an asynchrony, ie. a failure condition in the steering. In addition, a high load on the axle or steering cylinder. This can result in bending or even breaking of shaft parts, 35 track bars or guide arms. Even when there is no direct breakage of one or the other of the mentioned parts, the track conditions are disturbed by the vehicle, which, for example, results in increased tire wear.

DK 161505 BDK 161505 B

2 j2 j

Det er endvidere en ulempe at der ved kold olie, som ; især forekommer fx under vinterdrift, at gennemløbsmodstanden i ledningerne er meget høj, hvorved de ovenfor angivne ulemper under sådanne forhold optræder forstærket.Furthermore, it is a disadvantage that with cold oil, such as; in particular, during winter operation, for example, the throughput resistance in the wires appears to be very high, thereby increasing the disadvantages mentioned above under such conditions.

5 Da de kendte sikkerhedsventiler var indkoblet mellem trykledningerne til styringscylinderen og returløbet til tanken, måtte deres fjedre modstå den fulde trykdifferens. Af disse grunde måtte disse sikkerhedsventiler være tilsvarende stærkt dimensioneret.5 Since the known safety valves were connected between the pressure lines of the control cylinder and the return flow to the tank, their springs had to withstand the full pressure difference. For these reasons, these safety valves had to be similarly heavily sized.

10 Den opgave, som ligger til grund for den foreliggende opfindelse, er derfor at tilvejebringe en hydrostatisk styring af den indledningsvis nævnte art, ved hvilken den nødvendige j sikkerhedsventilindretning er opbygget væsentligt simplere, yder en højere grad af sikkerhed og hvor akseldelene ikke 15 påvirkes så kraftigt, I henhold til opfindelsen løses denne opgave ved, at sikkerhedsventilindretningen har-en sikkerhedsventil, hvis aflastningsside udmunder i servopumpens trykledning.The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a hydrostatic control of the kind mentioned in the preamble, by which the required safety valve assembly is substantially simpler, provides a higher degree of safety and the shaft members are not so affected. According to the invention, this task is solved by the fact that the safety valve device has a safety valve whose relief side opens into the pressure line of the servo pump.

I styreventilens neutralstilling er servopumpens tryk-20 · ledning via styreventilen forbundet med tankledningen, I henhold til opfindelsen kan der herved i trykledningerne til styrecylinderen kun optræde det maksimale tryk, som holdes af sikkerhedsventilens fjederkraft, da der kun.hviler gennemløbsmodstanden på det samlede system på aflastningssiden af 25 sikkerhedsventilen.In the neutral position of the control valve, the pressure line of the servo pump is connected to the tank line via the control valve. According to the invention, only the maximum pressure held by the spring force of the safety valve can occur in the pressure lines of the control cylinder, since only the throughput resistance of the entire system is at the relief side of the 25 safety valve.

I forskudt tilstand af styreventilen hviler der ifølge opfindelsen på aflastningssiden af sikkerhedsventilen servo-.. pumpetrykket, der begrænses af driftstrykbegrænsingsventilen.In the staggered state of the control valve, the invention rests on the relief side of the safety valve servo pump pressure which is limited by the operating pressure limiting valve.

Skulle der i denne aktive styretilstand optræde et stød på 30 akslen fra kørebanen, ledes det overskydende trykmedium via håndpumpen og derefter via trykbegrænsningsventilen ind i returledningen.If in this active steering mode a shock of the shaft 30 occurs from the roadway, the excess pressure medium is fed through the hand pump and then via the pressure limiting valve into the return line.

Ved denne sammenkobling ifølge opfindelsen af sikkerhedsventilen, hvis aflastningsside udmunder i servopumpens tryk-35 ledning, kan belastningen på styreakslen såvel i neutralstilling af styreventilen, blokeret styrecylinder, som i aktiv styrestilling, holdes på samme tryk og dermed belastning udenIn this connection according to the invention of the safety valve, the relief side of which opens into the pressure line of the servo pump, the load on the control shaft can be kept at the same pressure in neutral position of the control valve, blocked control cylinder and in the active control position, and thus load without

DK 161505 BDK 161505 B

3 at der optræder en risiko for asynkronitet på grund af gen-nemløb af doseret olie igennem sikkerhedsventilen.3 that there is a risk of asynchrony due to the passage of dosed oil through the safety valve.

Ifølge en særlig udformning i henhold til opfindelsen kan der i hver af de to trykledninger til styringscylinderen 5 være anbragt en kontraventil, hvis bagside er forbundet med indgangssiden til sikkerhedsventilen, I dette tilfælde er det kun nødvendigt med én sikkerhedsventil med en tilhørende fjeder, hvormed det nødvendige byggevolumen kan være mindre, hvilket tilsvarende påvirker pladsbehovet til styringen i po-10 sitiv retning.According to a particular embodiment of the invention, a check valve may be provided in each of the two pressure lines for the control cylinder 5, the back of which is connected to the inlet side of the safety valve. In this case, only one safety valve with an associated spring is required. the required building volume may be smaller, which accordingly affects the space requirement for the control in a positive direction.

Alternativt kan det også være udformet således, at der i hver trykledning til styringscylinderen er en sikkerhedsventil, hvis fælles aflastningsledning udmunder i servopum-pens trykledning.Alternatively, it may also be designed such that in each pressure line to the control cylinder there is a safety valve whose common relief line opens into the pressure line of the servo pump.

15 Ganske vist er det nødvendigt i dette tilfælde med to sikkerhedsventiler, men til gengæld kan de to kontraventiler bortfalde.15 Although two safety valves are necessary in this case, the two non-return valves may lapse.

Opfindelsen skal i det følgende beskrives principmæssigt nærmere ved hjælp af tegningen, der viser udførelses-20 eksempler på opfindelsen og af hvilke yderligere ejendommeligheder og fordele fremgår. På tegningen viser:The invention will be described in greater detail in the following with the aid of the drawing which shows exemplary embodiments of the invention and of which further features and advantages appear. In the drawing:

Fig. 1 et hydraulisk diagram af en hydrostatisk styring ifølge opfindelsen, og fig. 2 et udsnit af et hydraulisk diagram ifølge op-25 findelsen for en hydrostatisk styring med modificeret opbygning.FIG. 1 is a hydraulic diagram of a hydrostatic control according to the invention; and FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a hydraulic diagram according to the invention for a hydrostatic control with modified structure.

Den på tegningerne viste hydrostatiske styring er principielt af kendt type. Den har en styreventil 1 til fordeling af en oliestrøm, som leveres fra en tank 2 via en ser-30 vopumpe 3 og en trykledning 4, Forskydningen af styreventilen 1 sker ved hjælp af en håndpumpe 5, som betjenes ved hjælp af et rat 6. Håndpumpen er via styreledningerne 7 og 8 forbundet med styreventilen 1.The hydrostatic control shown in the drawings is in principle of known type. It has a control valve 1 for distributing an oil flow supplied from a tank 2 via a servo pump 3 and a pressure line 4. The displacement of the control valve 1 is effected by a hand pump 5 which is operated by means of a steering wheel 6. The hand pump is connected to the control valve 1 via the control lines 7 and 8.

To trykledninger 9 og 10 fører fra styreventilen 1 ud 35 til en styringscylinder 11, som styrer motoren. En stempelstang 12 på styringscylinderens 11 stempel 13 er forbundet med den mekaniske del af den ikke viste aksel, 4Two pressure lines 9 and 10 lead from the control valve 1 out 35 to a control cylinder 11 which controls the motor. A piston rod 12 on the piston 13 of the control cylinder 11 is connected to the mechanical part of the shaft, not shown.

DK 1-61505 BDK 1-61505 B

Fra styreventilen 1 fører en returledning 14 til tanken 2, Mellem de to trykledninger 9 og 10 er der på sædvanlig måde anbragt to efterfyldningsventiler 15, hvis formål er en stadig opfyldning af stempelrummene 16 og 17 af sty-5 ringscylinderen 11, således at der ikke kan optræde en ka- . vitation deri. Mellem de to efterfyldningsventiler fører en efterfyldningsledning 18 til tanken. Mellem efterfyldnings-ledningen 18 eller returledningen 14 og trykledningen 4 er der placeret en kendt driftstrykbegrænsningsventil 19, der 10 på sædvanlig måde virker i styrestilling. Endvidere er der • mellem returledningen 14 og efterfyldningsledningen 18 og styreventilen 1 på sædvanlig måde en efterfyldningsventil .20 til stede. Efterfyldningsventilen 20 sikrer en manuel j styring ved udfald af servopumpen 3.From the control valve 1, a return line 14 leads to the tank 2. Between the two pressure lines 9 and 10, two replenishing valves 15 are arranged in the usual manner, the purpose of which is to still fill the piston spaces 16 and 17 of the control cylinder 11 so that no may occur a ka-. vitation therein. Between the two backfill valves, a backfill line 18 leads to the tank. Between the backfill conduit 18 or the return conduit 14 and the pressure conduit 4 there is located a known operating pressure limiting valve 19, which 10 normally operates in the control position. Further, between the return conduit 14 and the backfill conduit 18 and the control valve 1, a refill valve 20 is present in the usual manner. The replenishment valve 20 ensures a manual control in the event of failure of the power pump 3.

15 Til afledning åf eventuelle fra styreakslen kommende ! stød, som fører til en forskydning af stemplet 13 og dermed frembringer et trykstød, tjener to kontraventiler 21 og 22, som er placeret mellem trykledningerne 9 og 10 på en sådan måde, at de er rettet modsat hinanden og altid åbner sig over 20 for de i deres tilhørende trykledning optrædende trykstød.15 For diversion if any from the steering shaft coming! shocks which lead to a displacement of the piston 13 and thus produce a thrust, serve two check valves 21 and 22 which are located between the pressure lines 9 and 10 in such a way that they are directed opposite each other and always open above 20 for the appearing in their associated pressure line.

Bag de to kontraventiler 21 og 22 afgrenes en fælles aflastningsledning 23, i hvilken der er anbragt en sikkerhedsventil 24 med en fjeder 25. Sikkerhedsventilen 24 er placeret således i aflastningsledningen 23, at den på aflastnings-25 siden åbner sig ind i trykledningen 4 mod trykket af fjederen 25.Behind the two check valves 21 and 22, a common relief line 23 is branched into which a safety valve 24 is provided with a spring 25. The safety valve 24 is positioned in the relief line 23 so that it opens on the relief line 4 in the pressure line 4 against the pressure. of the spring 25.

I styringskredsen er der endvidere en spærreventil 26 og en trykaflastningsventil 26 a anbragt på normal måde.Furthermore, in the control circuit, a shut-off valve 26 and a pressure relief valve 26a are arranged in the normal manner.

Den hydrostatiske styring ifølge opfindelsen virker 3Ό nu på følgende mådet I neutralstilling af styreventilen 1 foreligger der i systemet kun oliegennemløbets lave tryk. Dette betyder, at den overflødige trykmediumsmængde ved et akselstød og en deraf følgende trykmediums forskydning alt efter stød'ret-35 ningen kan afledes via trykledningen 9, respektive 10, kontraventilerne 21 og 22 og sikkerhedsventilen 24 ind i tryk-ledningen 4, hvorfra den kan strømme bort via styreventilen 1.The hydrostatic control according to the invention now operates in the following way. In neutral positioning of the control valve 1, only the low pressure of the oil flow is present in the system. This means that, according to the direction of impact, the excess pressure medium quantity at a shaft impact and the resulting pressure medium displacement can be derived via the pressure line 9 and 10, respectively, the check valves 21 and 22 and the safety valve 24 into the pressure line 4, from which it can flow away via the control valve 1.

55

DK 161505 BDK 161505 B

I udstyret tilstand er der ligeledes ingen særlig trykdifferens at overvinde. I dette tilfælde kan det overskydende trykmedium via håndpumpen og enten via styreled-5 ningen 7 eller 8 og styreventilen 1, hvis ledninger 27 og 28 og den på tegningen til højre viste trykaflastningsven-til 26a afledes til trykledningen 4, hvorfra den ligeledes via driftstrykbegrænsningsventilen 19 kan føres bort til tanken 2.In the equipped condition, there is also no special pressure difference to overcome. In this case, the excess pressure medium can be discharged via the hand pump and either via the control line 7 or 8 and the control valve 1, whose lines 27 and 28 and the pressure relief valve 26a shown in the drawing to the pressure line 4 are diverted to the pressure line 4, from which it is also via the operating pressure limiting valve 19. can be carried away to tank 2.

10 Som <fet ses kan fjederen 25 på sikkerhedsventilen 24 udformes væsentligt svagere, Således kan der fx ske en udstrømning ved 150 bar. Derved sker der en sikring ved fx 150 bar, når der i udstyret tilstand hersker et driftstryk på 150 bar. Ved arrangementet ifølge kendt teknik måtte sik-15 kerhedsventilen kunne holde et tryk på 200 bar, da sikker hedsventilen i det mindste måtte ligge mindst 50 bar over driftstrykket for at undgå en asynkronitet.As can be seen, the spring 25 on the safety valve 24 can be designed substantially weaker, for example, an outflow can occur at 150 bar. This ensures a fuse at, for example, 150 bar when an operating pressure of 150 bar prevails in the equipped state. In the prior art arrangement, the safety valve must be able to maintain a pressure of 200 bar, since the safety valve must at least be at least 50 bar above the operating pressure to avoid an asynchrony.

På fig. 2 er der vist en anden udformning ifølge opfindelsen, hvor for overskuelighedens skyld alene den neder-20 ste del af diagrammet er vist.In FIG. 2, another embodiment of the invention is shown in which, for the sake of clarity, only the bottom part of the diagram is shown.

Det fremgår, at der i dette tilfælde er to sikkerhedsventiler 24A og 24B med fjedre 25A og 25B. Den til trykledningen 4 førende aflastningsledning 23 går også i dette tilfælde fra aflastningssiden af de to modsat hinanden placerede 25 sikkerhedsventiler 24A og 24B.It will be seen that in this case there are two safety valves 24A and 24B with springs 25A and 25B. In this case, the relief line 23 leading to the pressure line 4 also exits from the relief side of the two opposite 25 safety valves 24A and 24B.

I dette tilfælde bliver pladsbehovet på grund af de to sikkerhedsventiler 24A og 24B ganske vist noget større, men på den anden side sparer man en ventil, 30 35In this case, due to the two safety valves 24A and 24B, the space requirement becomes somewhat larger, but on the other hand, a valve, 35

Claims (4)

1. Hydrostatisk styring til køretøjer og med en servo-pumpe, med en ved hjælp af et rat betjent håndpumpe og med C en styreventil til fordeling af trykmediet til to arbejdskredse på en styremotor med en styringscylinder, som i neutralstilling er blokeret, idet der i kredsen af trykledninger til styringscylinderen er en fjederbelastet sikkerhedsventilindretning til værn mod stød fra kørebanen, kende-1 Ω tegnet ved, at sikkerhedsventilindretningen i det mindste har en sikkerhedsventil (24), hvis aflastningsside udmunder i servopumpens (3) trykledning (4).1. Hydrostatic steering for vehicles and with a servo pump, with a hand-operated steering pump and with C, a control valve for distributing the pressure medium to two working circuits on a steering motor with a steering cylinder which is in neutral position, the circuit of pressure lines for the control cylinder is a spring-loaded safety valve device for protection against impacts from the roadway, characterized by the fact that the safety valve device has at least one safety valve (24), the relief side of which opens into the pressure line (3) of the servo pump (4). 2. Hydrostatisk styring ifølge krav 1, kendetegne t ved, at der mellem servopumpens trykledning og tanken 15 (2) til afledning af trykmediumstryk er placeret en drifts trykbegrænsningsventil (19) .Hydrostatic control according to claim 1, characterized in that an operating pressure limiting valve (19) is located between the pressure line of the servo pump and the tank 15 (2) for dissipating pressure medium pressure. 3. Hydrostatisk styring ifølge krav 1 eller 2, kendetegnet ved, at der i hver trykledning (9,10) til styringscylinderen (11) er anbragt en kontraventil (21,22), o Ω hvis bagside er forbundet med indgangssiden af sikkerhedsventilen (24) .Hydrostatic control according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a check valve (21, 22) is provided in each pressure line (9,10) of the control cylinder (21), the back of which is connected to the inlet side of the safety valve (24). ). 4. Hydrostatisk styring ifølge krav 1, 2 eller 3, k e n-detegnet ved, at der for hver trykledning (9 eller 10) til styringscylinderen (11) er en sikkerhedsventil (24A, re- y c spektive 24B), hvis fælles aflastningsledning (23) udmunder i servopumpens (3) trykledning (4).Hydrostatic control according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that for each pressure line (9 or 10) of the control cylinder (11) there is a safety valve (24A, req. 24B), the common relief line ( 23) opens into the pressure line (4) of the servo pump (3).
DK525886A 1985-11-19 1986-11-04 HYDROSTATIC CONTROL FOR VEHICLES DK161505C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP8500629 1985-11-19
EP8500629 1985-11-19

Publications (4)

Publication Number Publication Date
DK525886D0 DK525886D0 (en) 1986-11-04
DK525886A DK525886A (en) 1987-05-20
DK161505B true DK161505B (en) 1991-07-15
DK161505C DK161505C (en) 1991-12-23

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DK525886A DK161505C (en) 1985-11-19 1986-11-04 HYDROSTATIC CONTROL FOR VEHICLES

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CN (1) CN1005401B (en)
DE (1) DE3638487A1 (en)
DK (1) DK161505C (en)
SU (1) SU1544180A3 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100656328B1 (en) * 2004-10-13 2006-12-13 닛산 지도우샤 가부시키가이샤 Steering apparatus for steerable vehicle
DE102017109799B4 (en) 2017-05-08 2019-01-17 Danfoss Power Solutions Aps Hydraulic steering unit

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DE3638487C2 (en) 1988-09-29
CN86107704A (en) 1987-07-01
DK525886D0 (en) 1986-11-04
DE3638487A1 (en) 1987-05-21
DK525886A (en) 1987-05-20
DK161505C (en) 1991-12-23
SU1544180A3 (en) 1990-02-15
CN1005401B (en) 1989-10-11

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