DK161157B - PROCEDURE FOR PREPARING DRINKING WATER - Google Patents
PROCEDURE FOR PREPARING DRINKING WATER Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DK161157B DK161157B DK99685A DK99685A DK161157B DK 161157 B DK161157 B DK 161157B DK 99685 A DK99685 A DK 99685A DK 99685 A DK99685 A DK 99685A DK 161157 B DK161157 B DK 161157B
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- DK
- Denmark
- Prior art keywords
- water
- groundwater
- nitrate
- drinking water
- content
- Prior art date
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- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 title claims description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 16
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 title description 18
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000012206 bottled water Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 38
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 31
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 31
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 19
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 8
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 4
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960004887 ferric hydroxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910001448 ferrous ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000206 health hazard Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- IEECXTSVVFWGSE-UHFFFAOYSA-M iron(3+);oxygen(2-);hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[O-2].[Fe+3] IEECXTSVVFWGSE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000002697 manganese compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
- C02F3/302—Nitrification and denitrification treatment
- C02F3/305—Nitrification and denitrification treatment characterised by the denitrification
- C02F3/306—Denitrification of water in soil
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/58—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by removing specified dissolved compounds
- C02F1/62—Heavy metal compounds
- C02F1/64—Heavy metal compounds of iron or manganese
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03B—INSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER
- E03B3/00—Methods or installations for obtaining or collecting drinking water or tap water
- E03B3/06—Methods or installations for obtaining or collecting drinking water or tap water from underground
- E03B3/08—Obtaining and confining water by means of wells
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/30—Specific pattern of wells, e.g. optimising the spacing of wells
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Treatment Of Water By Oxidation Or Reduction (AREA)
- Removal Of Specific Substances (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
Description
iin
DK 161157 BDK 161157 B
Den foreliggende opfindelse angår en fremgangsmåde til fremstilling af drikkevand under anvendelse af grundvand med et stort indhold af uønskede bestanddele, hvorved der nedpumpes vand i mindst én boring anbragt i afstand fra en indvindingsboring, og hvor der fra indvin-5 dingsboringen oppumpes vand med et reduceret indhold af de nævnte bestanddele.The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of drinking water using groundwater with a high content of undesirable constituents, whereby water is pumped into at least one well spaced from a recovery well, and water from the recovery well is pumped with a reduced content of said ingredients.
Baggrunden for den foreliggende opfindelse er, at der i de sidste årtier er blevet konstateret et stigende nitrat (NO^-)-indhold i 10 grundvandet. Denne stigning synes ikke at have kulmineret, og da indtagelsen af drikkevand med et stort nitratindhold kan være sundhedsfarlig, er der opstået et akut behov for at fjerne nitrat fra grundvand, der skal anvendes som drikkevand.The background of the present invention is that in the last decades an increasing nitrate (NO 2 -) content has been found in the groundwater. This increase does not appear to have culminated, and since the intake of drinking water with a high nitrate content can be hazardous to health, there has been an urgent need to remove nitrate from groundwater to be used as drinking water.
15 Problemets alvor er blevet illustreret ved en landsdækkende undersøgelse af grund- og drikkevands nitratindhold, hvilken undersøgelse blev foretaget i 1982 af Miljøstyrelsen og viste, at 27% af de danske vandværker leverede drikkevand med et nitratindhold, som ligger over den vejledende grænseværdi på 25 mg/1.15 The seriousness of the problem was illustrated by a nationwide survey of groundwater and drinking water nitrate content, which was carried out in 1982 by the Danish Environmental Protection Agency and showed that 27% of the Danish waterworks supplied drinking water with a nitrate content that exceeds the recommended limit of 25 mg. / 1st
2020
Nitratkoncentrationen er højest i fri grundvandsmagasiner uden forekomst af beskyttende lerlag, og typisk er koncentrationen faldende med stigende dybde.The nitrate concentration is highest in free groundwater reservoirs without the presence of protective clay layers, and typically the concentration decreases with increasing depth.
25 Når der bores ned igennem vandførende sandlag iagttages ofte et markant farveskift fra røde og gule farver i de øvre lag til mere grålige farver i de nedre lag, hvilket har været kendt af brønd-borere og geologer i mange år. Det er ligeledes kendt, at vandet i de øvre sandlag er fri for jern og mangan, mens der i de nedre lag 30 ofte er et højt indhold af opløst jern og mangan.25 When drilling down through aquifer sand layers, a marked color change is often observed from red and yellow colors in the upper layers to more grayish colors in the lower layers, which has been known by well-drillers and geologists for many years. It is also known that the water in the upper sand layers is free of iron and manganese, while in the lower layers 30 there is often a high content of dissolved iron and manganese.
Ved nyere forskning på det geokemiske område er man blevet bekendt med, at den omvendte koncentrationsprofil er gældende for nitrat, dvs. at nitratindholdet ofte er højt i de øvre vandførende sandlag 35 og lavt i de nedre.Recent research in the geochemical field has revealed that the inverse concentration profile is applicable to nitrate, ie. the nitrate content is often high in the upper aquifer sand layers 35 and low in the lower layers.
Til opnåelse af drikkevand med et lavt indhold af nitrat har det derfor været forsøgt at indvinde vand fra de nedre vandførende sand!ag.Therefore, in order to obtain drinking water with a low content of nitrate, it has been attempted to recover water from the lower aquifer.
DK 161157 BDK 161157 B
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Ved indvinding af grundvand fra de nedre sandlag med lavt indhold af nitrat vil det indvundne vand imidlertid ofte have et for højt indhold af jern til at kunne anvendes som drikkevand. Det bliver således nødvendigt at rense vandet for jern, hvilket almindeligvis 5 gøres ved filtrering i åbne eller lukkede filtre.However, when extracting groundwater from the lower sand layers with low nitrate content, the recovered water will often have too high an iron content to be used as drinking water. Thus, it becomes necessary to purify the water from iron, which is usually done by filtration in open or closed filters.
Etablering og drift af rensningsanlæg fordyrer og besværliggør produktionen af drikkevand og løser kun problemerne på kort sigt.Establishment and operation of wastewater treatment plants make expensive and difficult drinking water production and only solve the problems in the short term.
Frit jern, mangan, organisk stof, methan og svovlbrinte kan reducere 10 nitrat og medvirker således til den denitrifikation, der sker i de nedre, grålige sandlag. Når jern og mangan fjernes fra disse sandlag, medfører dette på lang sigt en uacceptabel forøgelse af nitratindholdet i det indvundne grundvand.Free iron, manganese, organic matter, methane and hydrogen sulphide can reduce 10 nitrate and thus contribute to the denitrification that occurs in the lower gray sand layers. Removing iron and manganese from these sand layers will in the long run result in an unacceptable increase in the nitrate content of the recovered groundwater.
15 Problemer med for højt nitratindhold har mange steder ført til lukning af drikkevandsboringer.15 Problems with excessive nitrate content have in many places led to the closure of drinking water wells.
I DE offentliggørelsesskrift nr. 3.226.533 beskrives en fremgangsmåde til oppumpning af drikkevand med et ringe indhold af uønskede 20 forbindelser (såsom jern- og manganforbindelser) og salte fra en lagdelt jordstruktur, hvori der dels forekommer grundvand indeholdende de nævnte forbindelser og dels rent grundvand. Fremgangsmåden tager sigte på at forhindre en sammenblanding af disse to vandtyper i boringen, og med henblik herpå foretages der en oppump-25 ning af begge vandtyper, hvorved grænsefladen mellem de to vandtyper kan holdes i et konstant niveau. Vandet, som indeholder de uønskede forbindelser og salte, blandes ikke med det rene vand men bortskaffes eller bruges til formål, hvor de nævnte forbindelser og salte kan tolereres.DE Publication No. 3,226,533 describes a process for pumping drinking water with a low content of undesirable compounds (such as iron and manganese compounds) and salts from a layered soil structure, in which groundwater containing said compounds and partly pure groundwater are present. . The process is aimed at preventing a mixing of these two water types in the bore, and for this purpose an inflating of both water types is effected, whereby the interface between the two water types can be kept at a constant level. The water containing the undesirable compounds and salts is not mixed with the pure water but is disposed of or used for purposes where the said compounds and salts can be tolerated.
30 I SE fremlæggelsesskrift nr. 335.967 beskrives en fremgangsmåde til at føre grundvand gennem jordlag med henblik på at opnå en mekanisk rensning i form af en filtrering, og hvor der eventuelt yderligere foretages en kemisk behandling af grundvandet.30 SE Publication No. 335,967 discloses a method for passing groundwater through soil layers in order to obtain a mechanical purification in the form of a filtration, and where possible further chemical treatment of the groundwater is carried out.
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Den kendte fremgangsmåde består i, at eventuelt forbehandlet vand gennem perforerede infiltrationsrør, som er beliggende i samme vandrette plan, og som er radialt udstrålende fra en brønd, indføres i et øvre jordlag og herfra bringes til at bevæge sig gennem denThe known method consists in introducing any pretreated water through perforated infiltration tubes located in the same horizontal plane radially radiating from a well into an upper soil layer and from there being moved through it.
DK 161157 BDK 161157 B
3 mellemliggende jord til et lavere beliggende jordlag, hvorfra det oppumpes gennem perforerede exfiltrationsrør, som er anbragt i samme vandrette plan og radialt udstrålende fra brønden, og anvendes som drikkevand.3 intermediate soil to a lower lying soil layer, from which it is inflated through perforated exfiltration tubes, arranged in the same horizontal plane and radially radiating from the well, and used as drinking water.
5 I det omfang, hvor vandet, som passerer fra det højere til det lavere jordlag, underkastes andet end en filtrering (mekanisk rensning), foretages en tilsætning af kemikalie eller en beluftning af vandet, som indføres i det øvre jordlag med henblik på at opnå en 10 oxidation.5 To the extent that the water passing from the higher to the lower soil layer is subjected to nothing but a filtration (mechanical purification), an addition of chemical or aeration of the water introduced into the upper soil layer is made to obtain an oxidation.
FI fremlæggelsesskrift nr. 43852 beskriver en fremgangsmåde til fjernelse af jern fra grundvand, som pumpes op fra et vandførende jordlag, hvorved oxygenberiget vand føres ned i jorden gennem 15 nedpumpningsrør anbragt omkring en indvindingsbrønd med henblik på udfældning af jern, og hvorved den udfældede jernoxid frafiltreres fra grundvandet ved passage gennem jordlaget.FI Publication No. 43852 discloses a method for removing iron from groundwater which is pumped up from an aquifer, whereby oxygen-enriched water is introduced into the soil through 15 pumping pipes placed around a recovery well for precipitation of iron, thereby filtering out the precipitated iron oxide. from the groundwater when passing through the soil layer.
SE fremlæggelsesskrift nr. 434.388 beskriver en fremgangsmåde til 20 nedsættelse af jern- og manganindholdet i grundvand, der strømmer igennem vandførende jordlag etc. Ifølge fremgangsmåden nedpumpes der oxygeneret vand gennem en eller flere injektionsbrønde ud af et antal injektionsbrønde, der er placeret omkring en central indvindingsbrønd, samtidig med, at der oppumpes vand gennem en eller flere 25 nærliggende injektionsbrønde, hvorved der skabes en zone for oxidation og udfældning af jern og mangan i afstand fra indvindingsbrønden .SE Patent Specification No. 434,388 discloses a method for reducing the iron and manganese content of groundwater flowing through aquifer soil etc. According to the method, oxygenated water is pumped through one or more injection wells out of a number of injection wells located around a central recovery well. , while pumping water through one or more 25 nearby injection wells, creating a zone for oxidation and precipitation of iron and manganese at a distance from the recovery well.
Formålet med den foreliggende opfindelse er at fremstille drikkevand 30 med et så ringe nitratindhold, at det ikke udgør nogen sundhedsfare, uden tilsætning af kemikalier og under anvendelse af grundvand med et relativt stort nitratindhold.The object of the present invention is to prepare drinking water 30 with such a low nitrate content that it poses no health hazard, without the addition of chemicals and using groundwater with a relatively high nitrate content.
Dette formål opnås ifølge opfindelsen ved en fremgangsmåde, der er 35 ejendommelig ved, at der i boringen anbragt i afstand fra indvindingsboringen nedpumpes grundvand fra et dybtliggende grundvandsreservoir eller fra et andet grundvandsreservoir, som indeholder vand med et indhold af reducerende stoffer.This object is achieved according to the invention by a method which is characterized in that in the bore located at a distance from the recovery bore groundwater is pumped from a deep groundwater reservoir or from another groundwater reservoir containing water containing a reducing substance.
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DK 161157 BDK 161157 B
Opfindelsen er baseret på den erkendelse, at nitratholdigt grundvand normalt kun forekommer i de øverste jordlag, og at vand fra dybtliggende jordlag normalt er reducerende, idet det indeholder væsentlige mængder jern i form af Fe++-ioner og/eller mangan i form af 5 Mn++-ioner, samt at der ved sammenblanding af det reducerende grundvand fra dybtliggende jordlag og nitratholdigt vand i jorden omkring en indvindingsboring ikke alene opnås en fortynding af det nitratholdige grundvand men også en omdannelse af nitrat til uskadelige stoffer.The invention is based on the realization that nitrate-containing groundwater normally only occurs in the upper soil layers and that water from deep-lying soil layers is usually reducing, containing significant amounts of iron in the form of Fe ++ ions and / or manganese in the form of 5 Mn ++ - ions, and that by mixing the reducing groundwater from deep-lying soil layers and nitrate-containing water in the soil around a recovery well, not only a dilution of the nitrate-containing groundwater is obtained, but also a conversion of nitrate into harmless substances.
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Fordelen ved den foreliggende opfindelse er således, at der som nitratreducerende behandl ingsvand kan anvendes naturligt forekommende, let tilgængeligt grundvand, som ikke kræver behandling før brug.The advantage of the present invention is that, as nitrate-reducing treatment water, naturally-occurring, easily accessible groundwater can be used which does not require treatment before use.
15 En yderligere fordel ved fremgangsmåden ifølge opfindelsen er, at der ved blanding af vand fra to forskellige jordniveauer, hvilke to vandtyper hver især er uegnet som drikkevand, kan opnås en samtidig fjernelse af uønskede stoffer fra begge vandtyper under dannelse af grundvand, der kan anvendes som drikkevand, hvorved det muliggøres, 20 at der indvindes drikkevand fra både nedre og øvre vandførende sandlag.A further advantage of the process according to the invention is that by mixing water from two different soil levels, which two water types are each unsuitable as drinking water, a simultaneous removal of undesirable substances from both water types can be obtained to produce groundwater which can be used. as drinking water, thereby enabling drinking water to be recovered from both lower and upper aquifer.
Selv en beskeden grundvandsforekomst i et nedre vandførende sandlag, f.eks. svarende til at der kan oppumpes få kubikmeter pr. time, kan 25 medvirke til at øge den anvendelige grundvandsressource betydeligt.Even a modest body of groundwater in a lower aquifer, e.g. corresponding to the fact that a few cubic meters per pump can be inflated. 25, can significantly increase the usable groundwater resource.
En foretrukken udførelsesform for fremgangsmåden ifølge opfindelsen er ejendommelig ved, at en del af nedpumpningsgrundvandet nedføres og fordeles til nedsivning via et drænrørsystem.A preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention is characterized in that a portion of the pumping groundwater is lowered and distributed for seepage via a drainage system.
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Ved anvendelse af et drænrørsystem opnås en forøgelse af kontakttiden mellem de to grundvandstyper og en forøgelse af det volumen, hvori de to vandtyper bringes i kontakt, og dermed en forbedret omdannelse af de uønskede stoffer indeholdt i de to vandtyper.By using a drainage system, an increase in contact time between the two groundwater types and an increase in the volume in which the two water types are brought into contact, and thus an improved conversion of the undesirable substances contained in the two water types, is achieved.
Ifølge en anden foretrukken udførelsesform for opfindelsen nedpumpes nedpumpningsgrundvandet til et niveau, der ligger højere end i ndvi ndi ngsbori ngen.According to another preferred embodiment of the invention, the pumping groundwater is pumped down to a level higher than that of the drilling operation.
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Med denne udførelsesform for opfindelsen er der tilvejebragt mulighed for at nedpumpningsboringen kan anbringes i kort horisontal afstand fra indvindingsboringen samtidig med, at der kan opretholdes et tilstrækkeligt reaktionstidsrum til, at de uønskede stoffer 5 indeholdt i de to vandtyper omdannes.With this embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the pumping bore can be placed at a short horizontal distance from the recovery bore while maintaining a sufficient reaction time for the unwanted substances 5 contained in the two water types to be converted.
Det formodes, at nitratomdannelsen er såvel kemisk som biologisk betinget. Den kemisk betingede nitratomdannelse formodes at skyldes, at nitrationer reagerer med ferroioner efter ligningen: 10 5Fe++ + N03" + 12H20 - Wz + 5Fe(0H)3 + 9H+.It is believed that the nitrate conversion is chemical as well as biological. The chemically conditioned nitrate conversion is presumed to be due to nitrate reactions reacting with ferrous ions according to the equation: 10 5Fe ++ + NO3 "+ 12H20 - Wz + 5Fe (0H) 3 + 9H +.
Som det fremgår af denne ligning, reduceres N03~ til N2 samtidig med, at Fe++ oxideres til Fe+++, der udfældes i form af Fe(0H)3. Det 15 således dannede ferrihydroxid opfanges i jorden, som omgiver boringen, og forekommer derfor i ringe mængde i det oppumpede vand.As can be seen from this equation, NO3 ~ to N2 is reduced at the same time as Fe ++ is oxidized to Fe +++ which precipitates in the form of Fe (OH) 3. The ferric hydroxide thus formed is trapped in the soil surrounding the bore, and therefore occurs in small amounts in the inflated water.
Ved nærmere studium af fremgangsmåden ifølge opfindelsen har det vist sig, at en anaerob sammenblanding af de to vandtyper over 20 jorden ikke fører til samme nitratomdannelse, som når sammenblandingen foregår i jorden. Dette indicerer, at omdannelsen også skyldes andre faktorer end rent kemiske, og det formodes, at nitratomdannelsen også skyldes mikroorganismer i jorden.Upon closer examination of the process according to the invention, it has been found that an anaerobic mixing of the two water types above the soil does not lead to the same nitrate conversion as when the mixing takes place in the soil. This indicates that the conversion is also due to factors other than purely chemical, and it is believed that the nitrate conversion is also due to soil microorganisms.
25 I det nedre vandførende sandlag kan foruden jern og mangan forekomme andre uønskede stoffer, såsom methan, organisk stof, svovlbrinte m.v. Disse stoffer vil ligesom jern og mangan ved kontakt med nitrat omdannes til uskadelige stoffer ved reduktion af nitrat til frit nitrogen.25 In the lower aquifer, in addition to iron and manganese, other undesirable substances, such as methane, organic matter, hydrogen sulphide, etc. may be present. These substances, like iron and manganese, upon contact with nitrate, are converted into harmless substances by reduction of nitrate to free nitrogen.
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Opfindelsen skal herefter beskrives nærmere under henvisning til tegningen, hvorThe invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the drawing, in which
Fig. 1 viser en principskitse af et drikkevandsindvindingsanlæg til 35 udøvelse af fremgangsmåden ifølge opfindelsen set ovenfra, og fig. 2 viser nævnte indvindingsanlæg i tværsnit efter linien I-I.FIG. 1 is a top plan view of a drinking water recovery plant for practicing the process of the invention, and FIG. 2 shows said recovery plant in cross section along line I-I.
66
DK 161157 BDK 161157 B
På tegningen betegner A, B og C indvindingsboringer, der er ført ned i forskellige dybder i et øvre vandbørende sandlag indeholdende vand med et højt nitratindhold og et lavt jern- og manganindhold og 1, 2 og 3 betegner nedpumpningsboringer, der i afstand fra indvindings-5 boringerne A, B og C er ført ned i samme sandlag.In the drawing, A, B and C denote recovery wells drilled to various depths in an upper water-bearing sand layer containing high nitrate water and low iron and manganese content and 1, 2 and 3 denote pumping wells spaced from recovery wells. The bores A, B and C are passed down into the same sand layer.
Endvidere betegner D i Fig. 1 drænrør, og E betegner en oppumpningsboring, der er ført ned i et nedre vandbærende sandlag indeholdende vand med et lavt nitratindhold og et højt jern- og manganindhold.Furthermore, D in FIG. 1 is a drainage pipe, and E denotes a pumping bore which is introduced into a lower water-bearing sand layer containing water having a low nitrate content and a high iron and manganese content.
1010
Ved fremgangsmåden ifølge opfindelsen pumpes der fra et nedre sandlag grundvand op gennem boringen E, hvilket grundvand derefter i afstand fra indvindingsboringerne A, B og C føres ned i et øvre sandlag dels via nedpumpningsboringerne 1, 2 og 3 og dels via 15 drænrørene D. I det øvre sandlag opblandes det nedførte grundvand med det heri forekommende grundvand under dannelse af en vandblanding, der kan anvendes som drikkevand, hvorefter det blandede, rene vand strømmer mod indvindingsboringerne A, B, C.In the method according to the invention, groundwater is pumped up from the bottom sand layer through the bore E, which groundwater is then discharged into the upper sand layer at a distance from the recovery bores A, B and C partly through the pumping bores 1, 2 and 3 and partly via the drainage pipes D. the upper sand layer mixes the precipitated groundwater with the groundwater contained herein to form a water mixture which can be used as drinking water, after which the mixed, clean water flows towards the recovery wells A, B, C.
20 Ved opblandingen af de to grundvandstyper reagerer det frie jern med nitratet eller med eventuelt forekommende oxygen under dannelse af okker, som udfældes på de hosliggende sandkorn.In the mixing of the two types of groundwater, the free iron reacts with the nitrate or with any oxygen present to form ocher which precipitates on the adjacent grains of sand.
25 30 3525 30 35
Claims (2)
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DK99685A DK161157C (en) | 1985-03-05 | 1985-03-05 | PROCEDURE FOR PREPARING DRINKING WATER |
| AU55827/86A AU5582786A (en) | 1985-03-05 | 1986-03-04 | Method for natural reduction of some injurious substances in upper suboil water magazines |
| PCT/DK1986/000018 WO1986005221A1 (en) | 1985-03-05 | 1986-03-04 | Method for natural reduction of some injurious substances in upper suboil water magazines |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DK99685A DK161157C (en) | 1985-03-05 | 1985-03-05 | PROCEDURE FOR PREPARING DRINKING WATER |
| DK99685 | 1985-03-05 |
Publications (4)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DK99685D0 DK99685D0 (en) | 1985-03-05 |
| DK99685A DK99685A (en) | 1986-09-06 |
| DK161157B true DK161157B (en) | 1991-06-03 |
| DK161157C DK161157C (en) | 1991-12-09 |
Family
ID=8099850
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DK99685A DK161157C (en) | 1985-03-05 | 1985-03-05 | PROCEDURE FOR PREPARING DRINKING WATER |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU5582786A (en) |
| DK (1) | DK161157C (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1986005221A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AT400597B (en) * | 1994-06-09 | 1996-01-25 | Reisinger Franz | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PRODUCING A HORIZONTAL FILTER FOUNTAIN |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FI43852B (en) * | 1969-02-13 | 1971-03-01 | Yrjoe Reijonen | |
| SE335969B (en) * | 1970-08-11 | 1971-06-21 | Smalandsstenars Mekaniska Verk | |
| CH653317A5 (en) * | 1982-02-18 | 1985-12-31 | Sulzer Ag | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR THE BIOLOGICAL DENITRIFICATION OF GROUNDWATER. |
| SE434388B (en) * | 1982-11-10 | 1984-07-23 | Vyrmetoder Ab | PROCEDURE FOR REDUCING IRON AND MANGANE CONTENTS IN GROUND WATER |
| FR2550182B1 (en) * | 1983-08-02 | 1988-02-26 | Rech Geolog Miniere | METHOD OF DENITRIFICATION OF GROUNDWATER FOR POTABILIZATION |
| SE439917B (en) * | 1984-01-16 | 1985-07-08 | Vyrmetoder Ab | PROCEDURE TO REDUCE NITRATE CONTENT IN GROUND WATER |
-
1985
- 1985-03-05 DK DK99685A patent/DK161157C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1986
- 1986-03-04 AU AU55827/86A patent/AU5582786A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1986-03-04 WO PCT/DK1986/000018 patent/WO1986005221A1/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU5582786A (en) | 1986-09-24 |
| DK161157C (en) | 1991-12-09 |
| WO1986005221A1 (en) | 1986-09-12 |
| DK99685A (en) | 1986-09-06 |
| DK99685D0 (en) | 1985-03-05 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PBP | Patent lapsed |