DK158818B - MAIZE HARVESTING MACHINE OR SIMILAR STAIN-LIKE HARVESTING MATERIAL - Google Patents

Description

DK 158818 B

The invention relates to a machine for harvesting maize or similar stem-like harvesting material of the kind specified in the preamble of claim 1.

In a known machine of this kind (EP Publication No. 0099527), in the front circumferential region of the vertical axis, rotary means are arranged several defined cutting points, each of which is assigned a single working width, whereby the parallel single working widths with the respective defined 10 cut-off points is added to a total working width of the machine. The cutting sites are formed by several fixed blades which cooperate with the rotating blades on the rotary member. On the rotary means, the carriers and also the circular knives are rigidly fastened. The rigid carriers (dental wreaths) require different guides to be able to supply the cut harvest material to the further processing device. The guides, in particular at large cross sections and thus long circumferential stretches of the rotating means, cause rubbing forces which are considerable and disturbing and require a correspondingly large operating power.

There is also known a machine for harvesting maize or similar stalk-like harvesting material (DE publication no. 22 10 635), in which in front of a chopper blower with pull-in rolls are arranged several pull-in and transport devices, so-called corn teeth, each comprising an endless circular chain. laterally protruding carriers. the retracting and transporting devices extend from the subordinate chopper blower and in some beam-shaped manner in the direction of travel of the machine inclined forward and downward, and at their front lower ends a respective spacing across the direction of travel which is aligned with the row spacing of the harvesting material. Thereby, the retracting and conveying means are, through row members and guide plates or guide rails to form one to two.

DK 158818 B

each feed and transport device arranged feed channel spaced apart so that by the forward movement of the machine, a stalk row of the harvesting material corresponds to each intake and transport device and is fed to the cutting means arranged at its front lower end. In doing so, they laterally seize from the retraction and conveyor chains chains that are individually fixed in two points with the circumferential chain and only follow the pivotal movement of the chain links, each a stem of the harvesting material and carrying it after it. has been squeezed by the cutting means arranged at each time separately and substantially high to the subordinate chopper blower, where it is released during the chain rotation of the carriers and then gripped by the chopper blower pull-in rollers to be further worked. With this known machine, several harvested plant stalks planted in defined rows may be harvested and processed simultaneously, but these machines are very expensive to build, as each harvesting material row has its own pull-in and transport device with cutting means. For use with disordered or broad-seeded maize or similar stem-like harvesting material, this known machine 25 is not suitable.

A further known machine, according to US Patent No. 40 21 997, has disc wheels with radially rigid cutting claws which cooperate with a straight cut straight cutter in the working direction of the machine.

30 This machine is not suitable for harvesting broadly planted stem-shaped harvesting material, since the working width of the machine is substantially smaller than the overall width, which means that when used for broadly growing harvesting material, a strip of threaded harvesting material would occur. In addition, separate conveyor belts are provided for transporting the harvesting material during and after cutting.

3

DK 158818 B

In yet another maize harvesting machine (DE Publication No. 20 06 574), it is known to improve the retraction of already harvested maize plants, to control the bringers of the rotation retrieval means so that they in the lower area strongly engage the pull of the retraction roller sit back again while turning inside the jacket. Here, the teeth fulfill only a clean transport function to improve the transport screw retraction. For tearing the corn-10 plants, a fast-running knife disc is mounted beneath the pull-in rollers, which is stored in a wedge-shaped sliding shoe. Therefore, the teeth do not cause a cutting function.

An older proposal (DE patent no. 33 24 899) 15 for a machine for harvesting maize or similar stalk-like harvesting material with a retraction and transport device comprising an endless circular chain with laterally projecting carriers, proposes that the retraction and transport device and the as a fixed rectilinear cutter cutter member extends at least approximately across the direction of travel of the machine and is joined in relation to each other in parallel fashion to a continuous cutting / conveying device which determines the working width. Thereby, the cutting / conveying device comprises two endless chains, preferably equally long roller chains, with axial parallel and rotating sprockets which are horizontally set and spaced apart at a small distance and in their total length are interconnected and in particular located in the region of the connection points, and each having a sickle-shaped cutter with respect to the cutting knife, which is arranged at a distance from above and towards the conveying direction, and with an arcuate recess, holding finger, which cooperates with a retainer which is provided in front of the chain link for fastening.

DK 158818B

4 of the counter-cut and is rigidly connected to the underlying chain.

The object of the invention is now to design a machine for harvesting maize or similar rigid harvesting material of the kind known in the preamble of claim 1 and known from EP Publication No. 00 99 527 in such a way that the harvesting material at any location at the anterior circumferential region of the rotary means, can be gripped and cut off and, with a small friction, be fed to the post processing device.

In order to fulfill this purpose, the machine according to the invention stands out - in connection with the earlier proposal mentioned above - by the features specified in claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are set forth in claims 2 and 3 '.

The machine according to the invention fulfills the purpose and has the advantage that, by virtue of its cross-sectional rotational means, it can be used without large operating effects and thus smaller tractors can also be used for machine operation.

The invention will be further explained in the following by some embodiments with reference to the drawing, in which: FIG. Figure 1 is a plan view of one embodiment of a maize harvesting machine with the above open control curve and. with dashed drive means, straw dividers and tire arrangements, fig. 2 is a sectional view taken along line II-II of FIG. 1 with 30 closed control curve; FIG. 3 is a section similar to the section of FIG.

2, but with a control curve arranged in a lower protective plate; FIG. 4 shows another embodiment of a machine according to the invention in a direction of rotation and from the outside, rotating outwards from the inside and with the control curve shown open at the top without tire arrangement, and

DK 158818 B

5 FIG. 5 shows a further embodiment with a restraint means which is controlled via a control curve.

A machine 1 for harvesting maize or similar stalk-like harvest material 2 is suspended in 5 a three-point suspension 3 of a tractor (not shown) by means of a support frame 4 with connecting parts 5. However, the machine can also be designed as a drawn machine with drive frame. In this case, the machine 1 is supported via the support frame 4 by drive wheels (not shown) and is coupled to a tractor by means of a similarly not shown drawbar or towing axle and is driven in a driving manner from it. An embodiment can also be conceived as a self-propelled machine with its own drive motor.

Upon return of the tractor, the machine 15 1 - suspended in the three-point suspension 3 - is moved in its operating direction A, which can also be regarded as working direction, and is supplied via a known axle drive driven from the tractor via one of the associated drive pins 6, 6 '. The machine 1 has, in addition to the support frame 4, a cutting and feeding device, which is designated in its entirety 7, and after which a processing device with main and auxiliary drives, e.g. a chopper blower 8. The cutting and feeding device 7 consists of rotating means 9, 9 ', which are arranged horizontally and side by side on a center line transverse to the driving direction A in front of a pressing and cutting channel 10 of the processing device. Each of the rotating means 9, 9 'is arranged by means of a pass spring 13 on a drive shaft 11 and 30 belonging to an angular drive 12 and is thereby pivotally connected thereto.

The center axes 14 of the drive shafts 11 are arranged upright and are preferably aligned parallel to each other. Each of the angular drives 12 is secured by means of screws 16 to an upper fixed cover arrangement 15 which is fixedly fixed to the support frame 4.

The free end of the drive shaft 11 is accommodated in a bearing 6

DK 158818 B

location 17 of a lower protective plate 18 which is also connected to the support frame 4. The drive shaft 11 is retained in a bearing 23 and thus in the bearing location 17 by means of spacers 19, 20 and securing rings 5 21, 22 and is thereby secured in the bearing location 17 against axial displacements. On the circumference of the rotary member 9, 9 ', there are uniformly distributed over a circular arc a known knives 24 and carriers consisting of retaining fingers 25 and retaining means 26. The retaining means 26 are arranged to move in front and cooperate in pairs with the retaining fingers 25 on a forceps-like manner, and each holding finger 25 is arranged by one of the circumferential blades 24 and is angularly coupled thereto. The knife 24 with the holding finger 25 is 15 rotatably secured by means of a bolt 27 to a bearing bushing 28 which is in a receiving bore 29 of the rotary member 9, 9 '. The fastening is such that 'the knife 24 and the holding finger 25 cover the bolt 27 which is formed slightly longer than the bearing bushing 28, 20 above and below the rotary member 9, 9', and that through bores 30 · - in the bolt finger 2 "5 and in the bolt 27 - screws 31 are inserted which are screwed into threaded bores 32 in the blades 24. The holding finger 25 is provided from its pivot point in the bearing sleeve 28 with a small 25 arm 33, in which is mounted an upright bolt 34. On the bolt 34 is located. a guide roller 35 secured in the axial direction and suspended eccentrically with respect to the pivot point of the bolt 27 * via the arm 33. Upon rotation of the rotary member 9, 9 ', the guide roller 35 in conjunction with a fixed guide curve 36 forms a backdrop guide. disposed in or on the upper cover arrangement 15, and the retaining means 26 are fixedly fixed to the rotary member 9, 91. In designing the rotary member 9, 9 'as a molding member, the retaining means 26 can be molded directly with .

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7

Under the rotary member 9, 9 'and the knife 24 there is an arcuate cutting edge 37 extending over the front circumferential region of the rotary member 9,9' concentric therewith. The knife 5 of the cutting edge 37 is screwed or similarly attached to the lower protective plate 18 in the working area 38 of the machine 1. The cutting edge 37 may also be composed of several knives.

For example, if - as shown in FIG. 1 - places 10 two adjacent and forward and inwardly rotating rotary members 9, 9 'together in plan view and in the direction of travel of the machine A - the arrangement is preferably such that the control curve 36 for the right rotary member 9 is formed in a circular direction in 15 directions. clockwise mainly between the 1 o'clock position and the 6 o'clock position, while the control curve 36 of the left rotary member 9 'is made in a circular arc shape mainly between the 6 o'clock position and the 2 o'clock position. In the other area mainly between 8 pm and 2 pm. The 6 position and the 10 o'clock position and between the 2 o'clock position and the 6 o'clock position, the control curve 36 is designed such that the knives 24 with the holding fingers 25 perform a pivotal movement in the receiving bores 29 and in the bearing bushes 28, respectively, and release the cut. 25 harvesting material 2 in the retraction area of the processing device insert rollers 39 and during their further movement again swings back into cutting and carrying position. In the transfer area of the harvesting material there is an insertion table 40 which simultaneously works as 30 straw parts. As an outer boundary for the machine 1 there are dotted hinted straw dividers 41, 42. As shown in FIG. 1, the working width can be determined by selecting the diameter of the rotary means 9, 9 '. Here, the choice is made so that at least two rows are harvested at the same time by a mirror-pictorial device 35 of the rotating means 9, 9 '. The blades 24 will - during turning

DK 158818B

the else. of the rotary means 9, 9 'in the direction of rotation b and c in each region of the cutting edge 37, cut the harvesting material 2, which is then transported between the holding fingers 25 and the restraining means 26 to the chopper blower 8.

FIG. 3 shows another embodiment of a protective plate 18 '. In this guard plate 18 'is a control curve 36' - as found in the upper cover arrangement 15 of FIG. 2 - been taken in mirror image manner. The arm 33 with the bolt 34 'and the guide roller 35' is also no longer on the holding finger 25, but is now placed on the knife 24. The guide roller 35 'thus lies under the knife 24. The upper. cover arrangement 15 and thrust wing 15 with screws 16 are eliminated, and rotary member 9,9 'can simultaneously be formed as escape wheels so that the harvesting material parts during harvest, such as corn cobs, are fed directly to chopper blower 8. All further functions proceed in a similar manner as described above.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 5 shows a portion of a rotary member 9, 9 ', the knives 24 and the retaining fingers 25 are attached directly to the rotary member 9, 9' and the restraining means 26 'are suspended - as shown in FIG. 2 and 3 (knife 24 and retaining finger 25) rotatably in take-up bores 29 'and bearing bushes 28. Also prior to rotation means 9, 9' or rotation direction d, there are also beneath and above the retaining means 26 'or rotation member 9A 9.' via a bolt 34 '' 30, a guide roller 43 is secured to the retaining means 26 '.

This guide roller is also guided in a control curve 44 - as shown in FIG. 1-3. During the operation of the machine 1, in the pull-in region 39 of the chopper blower 8's insertion rollers 39, a backward swing 35 of the restraining member 26 'in the rotary member 9,9' takes place in the direction of rotation d, thereby releasing the harvesting material 2.

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9 so that it can be taken over by the slider rollers 39 of the chopper blower 8. Subsequently, the restraining means 26 'are guided by their guide rollers 43 and the guide basket 44 to their receiving position.

5 It is also possible to combine the embodiments of FIG. 1-3 with the embodiment according to FIG. 5. in that case, knife 24 with retaining finger 25 and restraint means 26 'is pivotally movable and controllable. In the retracting region of the insert rollers of the chopper blower 8, the knife 24 moves with the holding finger 25 and the restraining member 26 'apart in a pair of pliers. The advantage of this combination is that both parts, i.e. the knife 24 with the holding finger 25 and the restraining means 26 ', must provide 15 shorter paths for release of the harvesting material, which reduces the control of the parts and the wear at the receiving points.

FIG. 4 shows a further embodiment in which the rotating means 45, 45 'are constructed in a similar manner as described above. The rotary means 45, 45 'are interchanged with the embodiment of FIG. 1 and a different direction of rotation is thereby given, namely in the direction of rotation e and f.

Thus, the right rotating member 45 is driven in a clockwise direction, while the left rotating member 45 'is driven in a counterclockwise direction. The harvesting material 2 is thereby guided internally from the outside to the rear by the rotating means 45, 45 'and is transported to further upright feed rollers 46, 47 where it is released. The feed rollers 46, 47 then guide the harvesting material - supported by baffles 48 - to a chopping blower 8. Straw dividers 49 and 50 again limit the machine externally.

In this embodiment, by positioning the rotating means 45, 45 'one can be close to one another - and further leaving the tips of the blades 24 10

DK 158818B

intervene in a space between two knives 24 of the neighboring rotating means - ensuring that a middle straw divider can completely fall away. You can then cut and transport the harvesting material over practically the full working width of machine 1, which in this case corresponds to approx. twice the diameter of a rotary member 45, 45 '.

Further, with reference to the earlier proposal (DE-PS-33 24 899), it should be further noted that the knife 24 and the holding finger 25 have a special shape in relation to the arcuate cutting edge 37 and the retaining means 26, 26 '. In the gripping and cutting area, the angle β between the protruding portion 24 'of the knife 24 and the tang of the cutting knife circular arc here is preferably about. 40 and opens in the direction of rotation of the rotary member 9, 9.

The cutting edge of the knife 24, which forms a branch of the angle β, is elongated in the region of the overlaid surface of the cutting edge 37 and then extends thereafter in the direction of rotation of the rotary member 9, 9. The arcuate region 51 of the knife 24 'is positioned 20 far from the cutting edge 37 in the direction of the cutting edge of the knife so that the corn stalks or the corresponding harvesting material 2 during the cutting can be displaced to such a degree that the cutting edge 37 is cut completely.

25 The shape of the holding finger 25 is adapted to the shape of the knife friend 24 with the difference that the holding finger is designed somewhat shorter than the knife and is at a higher level than this. The height difference at least corresponds to the thickness of the rotary member 9.9 '. The retaining finger 30 25 also has an oblique front facing the rotating member 9, 9 in the direction of rotation inclined abutment surface, which in the direction towards the back of the cutting edge 37's knife goes into an arcuate recess. The arcuate recess of the holding finger 25 is disposed in the orbital direction of the rotary member 9.9 along the arcuate region 51 of the knife 24 and serves to receive the cut harvest material 2.

Claims (3)

11 DK 158818B Each knife 24 with holding finger 25 also includes a restraining means 26, 26 '. In the rotation direction of the rotary member 9, 9 it is in front of the knife 24 and the holding finger 25. The angle α of the restraining member 26, 26 'formed by an edge of the restraining member, which is generally on a line through the rotary member 9, 9 of the center point, and of the tangent to the circular arc 37, is approx. 90 °. The restraint means 26 may be formed as molding piece 10 and is fixedly fixed to the rotary member 9.9 ". In one embodiment according to Fig. 5, the restraint member 26 'consists of two shaped plates 52, 53 which are attached to a bolt 27 above and below the rotary member 9. The bolt 27 is mounted rotatably 15 in the rotary member 9, 9 'and pivotally connects the two shaped plates 52, 53 to each other. A machine for harvesting maize or similar stalk-like harvesting material, having at least one rotating member disposed in front of a processing device, for example a chopper blower with pre-inserted rollers, and along its circumference is provided with carriers and knives, and by if the circuits of the carriers and knives cooperate with its peripherally arranged knives located in the direction of rotation, whereby the stems of the harvesting material in a front working area 30 determined by the diameter of the rotary member are individually gripped, cut and can be brought upwardly in contact with the feeding device simultaneous release, characterized in that a cutting edge 35 (37) is provided which extends through the front circumferential region of the rotary member (9, 9 '; 45, 45') and DK 158818 B 12 as a fixed knife. , and that of the fellows (25, 26 , 26 ') and the rotary member (9, 9'; 45, 45 ') knives (24) are at least part of the carriers (25, 26, 26') at the circumference of the rotary member (9, 9 '; 45, 45') pivotally mounted about each vertical axis and thus guided of a backdrop guide (35, 35 '; 36, 36'; 43, 44) that upon their orbit in the entry area of the subsequent processing device (8, 10, 39) they perform a pivoting movement to release the cut 10 harvesting material (2) stalk and upon their further movement again swings back to the cutting and carrying position. Machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the circumferential carriers are formed in a manner known per se, by holding fingers (25) and in relation to these forewarning, associated restraining means (26, 26 ') which cooperate in pairs on one another. forceps-like manner, wherein each holding finger (25) belongs to one of the circumferential blades (24) and is movably coupled thereto, and that the circumferential blades (24) together with the retaining fingers (25) and / or the retaining means (26, 26 ') ) is guided by guide rollers (35, 35 ', 43) located eccentrically on arms (33, 33) relative to their pivot points (27, 28, 29, 29') in a relative to the rotation means (9, 9 '; 45, 45') fixed control curve (36, 36 ', 44). Machine according to claim 1 or 2 and with two, in plan view and in the direction of travel of the machine, adjacent rotating means and in opposite directions 30, characterized in that the control curve (36, 36 ',' 44) in the clockwise direction approx. between 7 p.m. 10 position and at. 6 position and left rotation (9 ', 45') control curve (36, 36 ', 44) approx. between 35 p.m. 6 o'clock and 6 p.m. The 2-pos ition each extends circularly arc concentric about the center axis (14), and DK 158818 B 13 both control curves (36, 36 ', 44) have a course in the other regions, ie. between approx. pm. 6 o'clock and 6 p.m. ίο position and between 7 p.m. 2-position and 2 p.m. 6 position, which causes the swinging and reversing of the blades (24) together with the holding fingers (25) 5 and / or the restraining means (26, 26 ').