DK154168B - FUEL INJECTION NOZZLE, SPECIAL FOR DIESEL ENGINES - Google Patents
FUEL INJECTION NOZZLE, SPECIAL FOR DIESEL ENGINES Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DK154168B DK154168B DK267782A DK267782A DK154168B DK 154168 B DK154168 B DK 154168B DK 267782 A DK267782 A DK 267782A DK 267782 A DK267782 A DK 267782A DK 154168 B DK154168 B DK 154168B
- Authority
- DK
- Denmark
- Prior art keywords
- nozzle
- fuel injection
- support
- injection nozzle
- injection
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 title claims description 34
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 title claims description 34
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims description 20
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052594 sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010980 sapphire Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001080 W alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- NFFIWVVINABMKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylidynetantalum Chemical compound [Ta]#C NFFIWVVINABMKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910003468 tantalcarbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- XGZGDYQRJKMWNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum tungsten Chemical compound [Ta][W][Ta] XGZGDYQRJKMWNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethyl)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001030 Iron–nickel alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001374 Invar Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010437 gem Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/166—Selection of particular materials
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
- F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
Description
DK 154168 BDK 154168 B
BRÆNDSTOF-INDSPRØJTNINGSDYSE, SPECIELT TIL DIESELMOTORERFUEL INJECTION NOZZLE, SPECIAL FOR DIESEL ENGINES
Opfindelsen angår en brændstofindsprøjtningsdyse af den i indledningen til krav angivne art.The invention relates to a fuel injection nozzle of the kind specified in the preamble of claim.
55
Indsprøjtningsdyser anvendes til at fordele brændstoffet i form af fine stråler i et forbrændingskammer, ved dieselmotorer i den højkomprimerede forbrændingsluft over det i området ved sit øvre dødpunkt værende stempel. Dyserne 10 udsættes for høje temperaturer. Oftest fremstilles dyserne, i det mindste for så vidt angår den del, der indeholder indsprøjtningsboringen, af hårde specialstål.Injection nozzles are used to distribute the fuel in the form of fine jets in a combustion chamber, by diesel engines in the highly compressed combustion air over the piston present in the region at its upper dead-end. The nozzles 10 are exposed to high temperatures. Most often, the nozzles, at least as regards the part containing the injection bore, are made of hard special steel.
De metalliske konstruktionsmaterialer til dette formål er 15 dog som følge af deres krystallinske struktur ømfindtlige overfor erosive påvirkninger, der fremkaldes af brændstofstrømmens meget store hastigheder. Erosionsrisikoen øges herudover på grund af de i den krystallinske struktur forekommende korngrænser ved stigende indhold af ubrændbare 20 askebestanddele i brændstoffet eller ved tilstedeværelse af andre faste partikler som for eksempel meget fine kul-partikler, der kan være blandet i brændstoffet til dieselmotorer. Sådanne blandinger betegnes som olie-kulslam.However, due to their crystalline structure, the metallic structural materials for this purpose are susceptible to erosive stresses induced by the very high velocities of the fuel flow. In addition, the risk of erosion is increased because of the grain boundaries present in the crystalline structure by increasing content of non-combustible ash constituents in the fuel or by the presence of other solid particles such as very fine coal particles which may be mixed in the fuel for diesel engines. Such mixtures are referred to as oil-coal sludge.
25 Til forhindring af sådanne erosive indvirkninger kendes fra det britiske patentskrift nr. 551 912 en af den i indledningen definerede art brændstofindsprøjtningsdyse til en dieselforbrændingsmotor, i hvilken der i en bæreplade er indsat et af korund bestående dyseelement. Ifølge angi-30 velsen i bogen "Brockhaus der Naturwissenschaften und der Technik" 1958, side 306 under ordet "korund" forklares følgende om korund, at klare typer korund er værdifulde ædelstene som for eksempel safir. Det kendte dyseelement har en kegleformet yderflade, der konvergerer mod for-35 brændingskammeret. Den mod ventilnålen vendende endeflade på dyseelementet er anbragt forsænket i forhold til bærepladens naboplacerede endeflade, således at ventilnålen25 To prevent such erosive effects, British Patent No. 551,912 discloses one of the type of fuel injection nozzle defined in the preamble to a diesel combustion engine in which a nozzle element consisting of a corundum consists of a nozzle. According to the statement in the book "Brockhaus der Naturwissenschaften und der Technik" 1958, page 306 under the word "corundum", the following about corundum is explained that clear types of corundum are valuable gems such as sapphire. The known nozzle element has a cone-shaped outer surface which converges towards the combustion chamber. The end surface facing the valve needle on the nozzle element is positioned recessed relative to the adjacent end surface of the support plate, such that the valve needle
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2 ikke ved lukning, hvor nålens tætningsflade når anlæg mod bærepladen, berører dyseelementet. Det kendte dyseelements aksiale længde er kortere end bærepladens tykkelse, der i tilslutning ved dyseelementets udgangsende har en mod for-5 brændingskammeret tragtformet udvidende åbning.2 not when closing, where the needle sealing surface reaches the support plate, the nozzle element touches. The axial length of the known nozzle element is shorter than the thickness of the support plate, which, in connection with the outlet end of the nozzle element, has an inwardly extending opening towards the combustion chamber.
Det af korund bestående dyseelement anvendes i indsprøjtningsdysen ifølge det britiske patentskrift nr. 551 912 udtrykkeligt på grund af sin hårdhed samt sin termiske og 10 kemiske stabilitet. Endvidere beholder, som det fremgår af ovennævnte patentskrift, den polerede overflade sin glat-hed igennem lang tid, således at aflejringer, der ellers ville forringe dysens indsprøjtningsforhold, forhindres. Skønt der ganske vist med det kendte dyseelement af korund 15 allerede er opnået en følelig forbedring af levetiden i forhold til tilsvarende konstruktionselementer af metalliske konstruktionsmaterialer, har det dog vist sig, at også de kendte dyseelementer af korund ikke helt honorerer de stillede krav med hensyn til ønskværdig levetid.The corundum nozzle element is explicitly used in the injection nozzle of British Patent Specification No. 551,912 because of its hardness, thermal and chemical stability. Furthermore, as the above-mentioned patent specification, the polished surface retains its smoothness for a long time, so that deposits which would otherwise deteriorate the spray injection conditions are prevented. Although, with the known nozzle element of corundum 15, a considerable improvement in the service life has already been achieved compared to similar structural elements of metallic structural materials, however, it has been found that also the known nozzle elements of corundum do not fully meet the requirements with regard to desirable longevity.
2020
Det er derfor formålet med opfindelsen i væsentlig grad at øge levetiden for et mineralsk enkrystallegeme med den angivne hårdhed bestående dyseelement.It is therefore the object of the invention to substantially increase the service life of a single crystal mineral mineral having the specified hardness consisting of nozzle element.
25 Dette formål opfyldes ifølge opfindelsen med et dyseelement, der er ejendommeligt ved, at den optiske akse i hvert enkrystallegeme, der danner et dyseelement, falder sammen med indsprøjtningsboringens akse i dyseelementet, og at varmeudvidelseskoefficienten for dyseelementemes 30 konstruktionsmateriale svarer til varmeudvidelseskoefficienten for bærerens konstruktionsmateriale.This object is fulfilled according to the invention with a nozzle element which is characterized in that the optical axis of each single crystal body forming a nozzle element coincides with the axis of the injection bore in the nozzle element and that the coefficient of expansion of the structure of the nozzle elements of the expansion material of the nozzle elements is the coefficient of expansion.
Det har vist sig, at når der er sammenfald mellem de nævnte akser, forenkles enkrystallegemernes bearbejdning ved 35 fremstillingen af indsprøjtningsboringen, således at bearbejdningstiden og dermed fremstillingsomkostningerne formindskes. Herudover er det blevet konstateret, at - nårIt has been found that when there are coincidences between said axes, the machining of the single crystal bodies is simplified in the manufacture of the injection bore, thus reducing the machining time and thus the manufacturing cost. In addition, it has been found that - when
DK 154168 BDK 154168 B
3 akserne ikke er sammenfaldende, det vil sige at indsprøjtningsboringen forløber skråt i forhold til den optiske akse - ændrer boringens tværsnitsform sig i tidens løb som følge af slitage, så den fjerner sig fra cirkelformen, 5 hvilket indvirker ugunstigt på dyseelementets indsprøjtningsegenskaber og dermed også på forbrændingsprocessen i forbrændingskammeret, og derfor kan dette forhold også have en hurtig udskiftning af dyseelementet til følge. Endeligt har det vist sig, at man ved tilnærmelse af bærerens 10 og dyseelementets varmeudvidelseskoefficienter til hinanden reducerer belastningerne på dyseelementet som følge af temperaturændringer, hvilket igen medfører øget levetid for dyseelementerne.The 3 axes are non-coincident, that is, the injection bore extends obliquely to the optical axis - the cross-sectional shape of the bore changes over time as a result of wear and tear to remove from the circular shape, 5 which adversely affects the injection properties of the nozzle element and thus also on the combustion process in the combustion chamber, and therefore this relationship may also result in a rapid replacement of the nozzle element. Finally, it has been found that by approximating the thermal expansion coefficients of the support 10 and the nozzle element to each other, the stresses on the nozzle element are reduced as a result of temperature changes, which in turn results in increased life of the nozzle elements.
15 Fordelagtige udførelsesformer for opfindelsen fremgår af underkravene.Advantageous embodiments of the invention are set forth in the dependent claims.
I denne forbindelse henvises der for så vidt angår kravene 3 og 4 atter til den fra det britiske patentskrift nr. 551 20 912 eller det amerikanske patentskrift nr. 2 044 697 kend te anvendelse af korund, henholdsvis safir, som materiale til fremstilling af dyseelementer samt den tidligere angivne identifikation af, hvad der mineralogisk forstås med "korund" og "safir" (se side 306 i bogen "Brockhaus der 25 Naturwissenschaften und der Technik" 1958, opslagsord "korund" .In this connection, with respect to claims 3 and 4, reference is made to the use of corundum or sapphire as known for the manufacture of nozzle elements from British Patent No. 551 20 912 or US Patent No. 2,044,697. the previously identified identification of what is mineralogically understood by "corundum" and "sapphire" (see page 306 in the book "Brockhaus der 25 Naturwissenschaften und der Technik" 1958, term word "corundum".
Opfindelsen illustreres nærmere nedenfor ved hjælp af det i tegningen illustrerede eksempel på en udførelsesform.The invention is further illustrated below by means of the example of an embodiment illustrated in the drawing.
30 Tegningen viser i:30 The drawing shows in:
Fig. 1 et længdesnit gennem en indsprøjtningsdyse til en dieselmotor, og 35 Fig. 2 en projektion på dysen i retningen af den i figur 1 indtegnede pil.FIG. 1 is a longitudinal section through a diesel engine injection nozzle; and FIG. 2 is a projection of the nozzle in the direction of the arrow shown in FIG.
DK 154168 BDK 154168 B
44
Indsprøjtningsdysens kappe 11 er udformet med en central boring 12, hvori ventilnålen 13 er ført ind. I lukket tilstand hviler ventilnålen 13 på ventilsædet 14. Under indsprøjtningsfasen hæves ventilnålen 13 fra sit sæde 14, og 5 brændstof strømmer fra kammeret 15 ind i kammeret 16, hvorfra det via indsprøjtningskanalerne i det i sin helhed som 17 betegnede dysehoved strømmer ind i forbrændingskammeret .The nozzle 11 of the injection nozzle is formed with a central bore 12 into which the valve needle 13 is inserted. In the closed state, the valve needle 13 rests on the valve seat 14. During the injection phase, the valve needle 13 is raised from its seat 14, and 5 fuel flows from the chamber 15 into the chamber 16, from which it flows into the combustion chamber through the nozzle head designated in its entirety as 17.
10 Ventilsædet 14 er udformet i en del 18, der forskydeligt er monteret i dysekappen 11. Tætheden sikres af O-ringe 19. Dyseelementerne 20a og 20b er monterede i to rækker i et metallisk bæreelement 21. Bæreelementet 21 er udformet hulkegleagtigt og er på sin side placeret i en tilsvarende 15 udformet kegleagtig udsparing 22 i dysekappen 11. Under drift bliver bæreelementet 21 på grund af forskellen i de hydrauliske trykkræfter presset nedad, hvilket medfører en sikker tætning; men samtidigt muliggøres også et slip på grund af forskellen i varmeudvidelserne for bæreelementet 20 21 og dysekappen 11.The valve seat 14 is formed in a part 18 which is slidably mounted in the nozzle sheath 11. The tightness is secured by O-rings 19. The nozzle elements 20a and 20b are mounted in two rows in a metallic support element 21. The support element 21 is hollow-like and is mounted on its sleeve. side mounted in a corresponding cone-shaped recess 22 in the nozzle sheath 11. During operation, the support member 21 is pressed downward due to the difference in the hydraulic compressive forces, which results in a secure seal; but at the same time, a slip is also possible due to the difference in the heat expansions of the support element 20 21 and the nozzle sheath 11.
De egentlige dyseelementer 20a og 20b er fremstillet af safir i form af en korngrænsefri enkrystal, hvis optiske akse falder sammen med aksen af dyseboringen 24.The actual nozzle elements 20a and 20b are made of sapphire in the form of a grain boundary-free single crystal whose optical axis coincides with the axis of the nozzle bore 24.
25 De er udformede keglestubformede med udadrettede åbningsvinkler, og de er monterede i tilsvarende konisk udslebne boringer i bæreelementet 21. Ved fremstillingen presses dyseelementerne 20a og 20b ind i bæreelementet 21 udefra, idet det beregnes, at elementerne skal rage en smule uden-30 for. Efter indpresningen bliver dyseelementernes udadvend-ende endeflader og bæreelementets ydervæg slebet i plan.They are cone-shaped, with outward opening angles, and are mounted in correspondingly tapered holes in the support element 21. In the manufacture, the nozzle elements 20a and 20b are pressed into the support element 21 from the outside, it being calculated that the elements must project slightly outside 30. After pressing, the outwardly facing end faces of the nozzle members and the outer wall of the support member are ground.
På bæreelementets inderflade rager dyseelementerne frem med et fremspringsmål, som kan sammenlignes med diameteren i indsprøjtningskanalerne 24. Med disse forholdsregler 35 lykkes det at holde de høje strømningshastigheder, som opstår lokalt ved indstrømningen i dyseelementerne, borte fra bæreelementets 21 metalliske indervæg. BæreelementetOn the inner surface of the support member, the nozzle members project with a projection target comparable to the diameter of the injection channels 24. With these precautions 35 it is possible to keep the high flow rates which occur locally at the inflow of the nozzle elements away from the metallic inner wall of the support member 21. The carrier element
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5 21 er fremstillet af en tantal-wolframlegering med følgende sammensætning:5 21 is made from a tantalum tungsten alloy of the following composition:
Ta 89 - 91 % 5 W 9 - 11 % N, 0, H, c, Fe, M, Ni, NB sporTake 89 - 91% 5 W 9 - 11% N, 0, H, c, Fe, M, Ni, NB traces
Dette materiale har en varmeudvidelseskoefficient (1 x °C-1) på 5,7 ' 10"6; dyseelementerne er fremstillet 10 af safir, som har praktisk taget samme varmeudvidelseskoefficient, nemlig 5 ' 10'6 i temperaturområdet fra 0 - 100 °C og 7,0 ‘ 10"6 i området fra 100 - 400 °C. Med dette valg af materiale til fremstilling af bæreelementet 21 kan i praksis en forskel i varmeudvidelse mellem dyseelemen-15 terne 20a og 20b og bæreelementet 21 i det mindste negligeres for så vidt, at der kan opnås sikkerhed for en fast montage af dyseelementerne.This material has a coefficient of thermal expansion (1 x ° C-1) of 5.7 '10 "6; the nozzle elements are made from sapphire which has practically the same coefficient of thermal expansion, namely 5' 10'6 in the temperature range of 0 - 100 ° C and 7.0 '10 "6 in the range of 100 - 400 ° C. With this choice of material for making the support member 21, in practice, a difference in heat expansion between the nozzle elements 20a and 20b and the support member 21 can be at least neglected insofar as a secure mounting of the nozzle elements can be achieved.
Det er imidlertid også muligt at anvende en hårdmetallege-20 ring med følgende sammensætning som råmateriale for bæreelementet :However, it is also possible to use a cemented carbide alloy of the following composition as a raw material for the carrier:
Wolframkarbid 32 - 93 %Tungsten carbide 32 - 93%
Titankarbid og/eller 25 Tantalkarbid 0 - 59 %Titanium carbide and / or 25 Tantalum carbide 0 - 59%
Kobolt 4 - 15 %Cobalt 4 - 15%
Chrom og/eller Niob 0 - 2 %Chromium and / or Niob 0 - 2%
Denne hårdmetallegering har en udvidelseskoefficient på 30 4,5 ' 10-6 til 7,0 * 10'6; med passende afstemning af le geringskomponenterne kan man uden videre få et materiale i overensstemmelse med den af safiren fastlagte længdeudvidelseskoefficient.This cemented carbide alloy has an expansion coefficient of 30 4.5 '10-6 to 7.0 * 10'6; With appropriate matching of the alloying components, one can easily obtain a material in accordance with the coefficient of length determined by the sapphire.
35 I dysekappen 11 er der koaksialt med og ud for hver indsprøjtningskanal 24 udformet en sprøjtestråleretter 25. De korte, cylindriske boringer 26 i stråleretterbegyndelsen35 In the nozzle sheath 11, an injection jet rectifier 25. is formed coaxially with and next to each injection channel 24. The short cylindrical bores 26 in the radiation rectification beginning
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6 har omkring den dobbelte diameter af indsprøjtningskanalerne 24 selv; men de er mindre end elementernes 20a og 20b målt på bæreelementets 21 yderflade. Dermed er dyseelementerne 20a og 20b sikret mod at blive presset ud af 5 trykket i kammeret 16. Det egentlige stråleretterområde åbner sig i tilslutning hertil med en vinkel på omkring 60° udad. Det har vist sig, at stråleretteren derved på hvert sted i sin aksiale længde har et sådant tværsnitsmål, at man ved indsprøjtningsdysens drift ikke får berø-10 ring mellem brændstofstrålen og strålerettervæggen. Herudover når de enkelte brændstofdråber umiddelbart efter deres udstrømning af dyseelementerne 20a og 20b kun berøring med luften i motorens forbrændingskammer.6 has about twice the diameter of the injection channels 24 itself; but they are smaller than the elements 20a and 20b measured on the outer surface of the support element 21. Thus, the nozzle elements 20a and 20b are secured against being squeezed out of the pressure in the chamber 16. The actual beam rectangular area then opens at an angle of about 60 ° outwards. It has been found that the beam rectifier thereby has at each location in its axial length such a cross-sectional target that, during operation of the injection nozzle, no contact between the fuel jet and the beam rectifier wall is obtained. In addition, immediately after their outflow of the nozzle elements 20a and 20b, the individual fuel drops only touch the air in the engine's combustion chamber.
15 Til nøjagtig retningsjustering af dyseelementerne 20a og 20b i forhold til stråleretterne i dysekappen tjener en slids 27 i bæreelementets 21 bund, og bæreelementets nøjagtige stilling kan fikseres ved hjælp af to gevindtappe 28 i dysekappen 11.15 For accurate alignment of the nozzle elements 20a and 20b with respect to the jet directions in the nozzle sheath, a slot 27 in the base of the support member 21 serves and the exact position of the support member can be fixed by two threaded pins 28 in the nozzle sheath 11.
2020
Opfindelsen kan gives andre end den ovenfor beskrevne udførelsesform. Således er andre fastholdelsesmåder for dyseelementerne i bærelegemet 21 mulige, for eksempel ved hjælp af aftrappede, cylindriske former, som forhindrer 25 dyseelementerne i at falde ind i bæreelementets 21 indre, ligesom fastgørelsesmetoder som lodning, klæbning et cetera er mulige.The invention may be given other than the embodiment described above. Thus, other means of retaining the nozzle elements in the support member 21 are possible, for example by means of stepped cylindrical shapes, which prevent the nozzle elements from falling into the interior of the support member 21, just as fastening methods such as soldering, adhesive et cetera are possible.
I stedet for safir kan man også anvende andre mineralske 30 enkrystallegemer som materiale til fremstilling af dyseelementerne, for eksempel diamant, der har en hårdhed på 8000 HV (kp/mm2). Til fastholdelse af dette krystalmateriale anbefales den under varenavnet "Invar" kendte legering med følgende sammensætning:Instead of sapphire, other mineral 30 single crystal bodies can also be used as material for making the nozzle elements, for example, diamond having a hardness of 8000 HV (kp / mm 2). To retain this crystal material, the alloy known under the trade name "Invar" is recommended with the following composition:
Nikkel 35 %Nickel 35%
Mangan 0,5 - 1 % 35Manganese 0.5 - 1% 35
DK 154168 BDK 154168 B
77
Silicium, maksimalt O,S %Silicon, maximum 0, S%
Kobber, maTcsimalt 0,5 %Copper, max. 0.5%
Jern Rest 5 Udvidelseskoefficienten er alt efter temperaturniveauet mellem 1,5 ’ 10"6 og 2,6 ' 10-6; diamants varmeudvidelses-koefficient er omkring 1,1 ' ΙΟ-6. I alle tilfælde skal det mineralske enkrystallegeme imidlertid have en vickers-hårdhed på i det mindste 2000 HV (kp/mm2).Iron Residue 5 The coefficient of expansion, depending on the temperature level, is between 1.5 '10 "6 and 2.6' 10-6; the thermal expansion coefficient of diamonds is about 1.1 'ΙΟ -6. In all cases, however, the mineral single crystal body must have a vickers - hardness of at least 2000 HV (kp / mm2).
Claims (8)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH542381 | 1981-08-24 | ||
| CH542381 | 1981-08-24 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DK267782A DK267782A (en) | 1983-02-25 |
| DK154168B true DK154168B (en) | 1988-10-17 |
| DK154168C DK154168C (en) | 1989-03-20 |
Family
ID=4293332
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DK267782A DK154168C (en) | 1981-08-24 | 1982-06-15 | FUEL INJECTION NOZZLE, SPECIAL FOR DIESEL ENGINES |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5844265A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3133944A1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK154168C (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1151949B (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3407545A1 (en) * | 1984-03-01 | 1985-09-05 | Hubert 8500 Nürnberg Keiczek | Fuel injection nozzle for internal-combustion engines |
| DE59205180D1 (en) * | 1992-05-11 | 1996-03-07 | New Sulzer Diesel Ag | Nozzle head for a fuel injector |
| WO1994021110A2 (en) * | 1993-03-22 | 1994-09-29 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Use of hard, doped monocrystalline oxides in applications involving contact with fluid abrasives |
| GB2296039A (en) * | 1994-12-16 | 1996-06-19 | Perkins Ltd | Stress reduction at a high pressure fluid passage junction |
| AU2790300A (en) * | 1999-03-01 | 2000-09-21 | Sanjeev Chandra | Apparatus and method for generating droplets |
| US6508416B1 (en) * | 2000-04-28 | 2003-01-21 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | Coated fuel injector valve |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2044697A (en) * | 1935-12-28 | 1936-06-16 | Huss Henry | Nozzle |
| GB551912A (en) * | 1941-03-12 | 1943-03-15 | Scintilla Ltd | Fuel injector for internal combustion engines |
| CH491289A (en) * | 1968-04-24 | 1970-05-31 | Sulzer Ag | Fuel nozzle of a fuel injection valve for a piston internal combustion engine |
| JPS55117068A (en) * | 1979-03-01 | 1980-09-09 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Fuel injection nozzle |
| JPS55152359U (en) * | 1979-04-17 | 1980-11-04 |
-
1981
- 1981-08-27 DE DE19813133944 patent/DE3133944A1/en active Granted
-
1982
- 1982-06-15 DK DK267782A patent/DK154168C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1982-08-20 IT IT22914/82A patent/IT1151949B/en active
- 1982-08-23 JP JP57146055A patent/JPS5844265A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DK154168C (en) | 1989-03-20 |
| JPH0159433B2 (en) | 1989-12-18 |
| IT8222914A0 (en) | 1982-08-20 |
| DK267782A (en) | 1983-02-25 |
| DE3133944A1 (en) | 1983-03-03 |
| JPS5844265A (en) | 1983-03-15 |
| IT1151949B (en) | 1986-12-24 |
| DE3133944C2 (en) | 1987-06-25 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| AHS | Application shelved for other reasons than non-payment | ||
| PBP | Patent lapsed |