DK153135B

DK153135B - RED ZONE PLANT TO CLEAN PURE WATER

Info

Publication number: DK153135B
Application number: DK290185A
Authority: DK
Inventors: Joergen Loegstrup
Original assignee: Joergen Loegstrup
Priority date: 1985-06-26
Filing date: 1985-06-26
Publication date: 1988-06-20
Also published as: DK153135C; GB2182651A; GB2182651B; SE8602818L; GB8622946D0; DK290185A; NO162759C; SE8602818D0; SE466057B; NO862557L; DK290185D0; NO162759B; NO862557D0

Description

DK 153135 BDK 153135 B

Opfindelsen angår et rodzoneanlæg til rensning af urent vand omfattende en afgrænset masse af et vækstsubstrat beplantet med sumpplanter, såsom tagrør (Phragmites communis), siv (Schoeno-plectus lacustris) og dunhammer (Typha), organer til tilledning af 5 urent vand til substratmassen og organer til bortledning af renset vand.The invention relates to a root zone plant for the purification of impure water comprising a defined mass of a growth substrate planted with sump plants such as eaves (Phragmites communis), reed (Schoeno-plectus lacustris) and downy hammer (Typha), means for supplying impure water to the substrate mass means for discharging purified water.

Sådanne rodzoneanlæg til spildevandsrensning har i de senere ir vundet betydelig udbredelse.Such wastewater treatment plants have gained widespread use in recent years.

Den vandrensning, som opnås med et rodzoneanlæg, er 10 baseret på et kompliceret samspil mellem substratmassen, sumpplanternes rodsystem og mikrofloraen i substratmassen.The water purification achieved with a root zone plant is based on a complicated interaction between the substrate mass, the sump plant root system and the microflora in the substrate mass.

Mikrofloraen består dels af aerobe bakterier og dels af fakultativt anaerobe og obligat anaerobe bakterier. De aerobe bakteriers evne til at omsætte de med spildevandet tilførte organiske 15 stoffer er betinget af den ilttilførsel, som sker gennem sumpplanternes intercellulære luftforsyningssystem (aerenchym), der leder luft til vækstdelene under vandoverfladen.The microflora consists partly of aerobic bacteria and partly of optional anaerobic and obligate anaerobic bacteria. The ability of the aerobic bacteria to react with the organic substances supplied with the wastewater is contingent on the oxygen supply that takes place through the intercellular air supply system (aerenchym) of the sump plants that conducts air to the growth parts below the water surface.

I ovennævnte samspil indgår også substratmassen, der dels fungerer som substrat for planternes rodsystem og dels som leveran-20 dør af forskellige næringssalte for planter og mikroorganismer.The above mentioned interaction also includes the substrate mass, which serves partly as a substrate for the root system of the plants and partly as a supplier of various nutrient salts for plants and microorganisms.

En ulempe ved de kendte rodzoneanlæg er, at der går en betydelig tid, f.eks. op til 2 år, fra det tidspunkt, hvor beplantningen finder sted, og til det tidspunkt, hvor anlægget er fuldt funktionsdygtigt. Dette skyldes, at planterne skal have lang tid til 25 at udvikle et forgrenet rodsystem, som er en forudsætning for anlæggets effektivitet.A disadvantage of the known root zone plants is that a considerable amount of time passes, e.g. up to 2 years, from the time the planting takes place and to the time when the plant is fully operational. This is because the plants need a long time to develop a branched root system, which is a prerequisite for plant efficiency.

Denne ulempe elimineres med rodzoneanlægget ifølge opfindelsen, hvilket rodzoneanlæg er ejendommeligt ved, at substratmassen er anbragt i en opadtil åben, transportabel tank, eventuelt med 30 en overdækning, dog således, at tanken stadig er åben opadtil.This disadvantage is eliminated by the root zone system according to the invention, which is characterized by the fact that the substrate mass is arranged in an upwardly open, transportable tank, possibly with an overlay, however, so that the tank is still open upwards.

Ved brug af en sådan tank kan opbygningen af et rodzoneanlæg påbegyndes på et sådant tidspunkt, at anlægget er fuldt funktionsdygtigt, når det skal leveres. I praksis kan dette ske ved, at der foretages beplantning af et sådant antal tanke med substrat-35 masse, som svarer til det forventede salg 2-3 år ud i fremtiden.By using such a tank, the construction of a root zone plant can be started at such a time that the plant is fully functional when it is to be delivered. In practice, this can be done by planting such a number of tanks with substrate-35 mass, which corresponds to the expected sales 2-3 years into the future.

Tanken er fortrinsvis en formstofkasse eller en metal- eller trækasse, f.eks. af vandfast krydsfiner, der indvendigt er beklædt med en vandtæt plastfolie, f.eks. med en tykkelse på ca. 2 mm. Tanken, der fortrinsvis er rektangulær og f.eks. har en længde påThe tank is preferably a plastic box or a metal or wooden box, e.g. of waterproof plywood coated with a waterproof plastic film, e.g. with a thickness of approx. 2 mm. The tank, which is preferably rectangular and e.g. has a length of

DK 153135 BDK 153135 B

2 ca. 6 m og en bredde på 2,4 m, er fortrinsvis fyldt med en substratmasse, såsom jord, op til en højde på 60-80 cm.2 approx. 6 m and a width of 2.4 m is preferably filled with a substrate mass, such as soil, up to a height of 60-80 cm.

Den rektangulære tank indeholder fortrinsvis ved sin ene ende en fyldning af et partikelformet, uorganisk materiale, såsom 5 kalksten, marmorstykker og singels, og har ved sin modsatte ende en anden fyldning af et uorganisk materiale. I sidstnævnte er der fortrinsvis nedlagt et drænrør til bortledning af det rensede spildevand.The rectangular tank preferably contains at one end a filling of a particulate inorganic material such as limestone, marble pieces and shingles, and at its opposite end has another filling of an inorganic material. In the latter, a drainage pipe is preferably laid for draining the purified sewage.

I stedet for at tilvejebringe fyldninger ved enderne af 10 tanken kan der her være udformet åbne kanaler, som er afgrænset i forhold til substratmassen ved hjælp af vandgennemtrængelige skillevægge, der f.eks. kan have form som en perforeret formstoffolie eller et tekstilvæv.Instead of providing fillings at the ends of the tank, open channels may be formed here which are delimited relative to the substrate mass by means of water-permeable partitions, e.g. may take the form of a perforated plastic wrap or textile fabric.

Der kan alt efter behov anvendes større og mindre tanke, 15 og tankene kan være forsynet med sådanne sammenkoblingsorganer, at de kan sammen kobles parallelt.As needed, larger and smaller tanks may be used, and the tanks may be provided with such interconnecting means that they may be connected in parallel.

Ved levering af et anlæg ifølge opfindelsen transporteres tanken eller tankene ud til brugsstedet og anbringes her oven på jorden eller i særligt udformede, eventuelt støbte, huller i denne.Upon delivery of a plant according to the invention, the tank or tanks are transported out to the place of use and placed here on the ground or in specially designed, possibly molded, holes therein.

20 En særlig fordel ved rodzoneanlægget ifølge opfindelsen er, at det er miljøvenligt, idet risikoen for udsivning af urent vand og forurening af den omgivende jord er helt elimineret.A particular advantage of the root zone plant according to the invention is that it is environmentally friendly, since the risk of leakage of unclean water and contamination of the surrounding soil is completely eliminated.

Ydermere kan anlægget let udskiftes, såfremt det af den ene eller anden grund skulle miste sin funktionsdygtighed.Furthermore, the system can easily be replaced if, for any reason, it should lose its functionality.

25 Endelig er man ved brug af et anlæg ifølge opfindelsen uafhængig med hensyn til anlæggets placering, idet der f.eks. ikke behøver at blive taget hensyn til særlige jordbundsforhold.Finally, when using a plant according to the invention, one is independent with regard to the location of the plant, for example. no special soil conditions need to be taken into account.

Af sikkerhedsmæssige grunde er der til den øverste del af tanken fortrinsvis fastgjort et stakit.For safety reasons, a fence is preferably attached to the top of the tank.

30 Det beskrevne anlæg er navnlig anvendelig til rensning af spildevand. Det skal imidlertid forstås, at det også kan anvendes til rensning af andre slags urent vand f.eks. vand med et uønsket stort indhold af salte. Således har det vist sig egnet til at reducere indholdet af hårdhedsfremkaldende salte og andre salte, såsom nitra-35 ter, phosphater og tungmetalsalte i grundvand.30 The plant described is particularly useful for wastewater treatment. However, it should be understood that it can also be used for the purification of other kinds of unclean water e.g. water with an undesirably high content of salts. Thus, it has been found suitable to reduce the content of hardness-causing salts and other salts, such as nitrates, phosphates and heavy metal salts in groundwater.

Også vand indeholdende uønsket store mængder organisk materiale vil kunne renses i anlægget.Also water containing undesirably large amounts of organic material can be purified in the plant.

Opfindelsen skal herefter beskrives nærmere under henvisning til tegningen, hvorThe invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the drawing, in which

DK 153135BDK 153135B

3 fig. 1 viser et rodzoneanlæg ifølge opfindelsen, set fra oven, og fig. 2 viser et lodret snit efter linien Il-Il gennem rodzoneanlægget, der er vist i fig. 1.3 FIG. 1 is a top view of a root zone plant according to the invention; and FIG. 2 shows a vertical section along line II-II through the root zone system shown in FIG. First

5 På tegningen betegner 1 en rektangulær kasse, hvis ind vendige side er beklædt med en vandtæt formstoffolie 2. I kassen 1 befinder der sig en jordmasse 3, som er beplantet med sumpplanter 4 (Phragmites communis). Ved højre ende af kassen 1 er anbragt en fyldning 5 af et inaktivt materiale, såsom singels, og en tilsvarende 10 men smallere fyldning 6 er anbragt ved venstre ende af kassen 1. Sidstnævnte fyldning 5 er anbragt over et drænrør 7.5 In the drawing, 1 denotes a rectangular box, the inside of which is lined with a waterproof plastic film 2. In the box 1 there is a soil mass 3 planted with sump plants 4 (Phragmites communis). At the right end of the box 1 is placed a filling 5 of an inactive material such as singles, and a corresponding 10 but narrower filling 6 is placed at the left end of the box 1. The latter filling 5 is arranged over a drain pipe 7.

Det viste apparat omfatter endvidere et rækværk 8, der omslutter den øverste del af kassen 1.The apparatus shown further comprises a handrail 8 enclosing the upper part of the box 1.

Ved brug af anlægget ifølge opfindelsen indføres urent 15 vand, f.eks. spildevand, i fyldningen 5, hvorfra det trænger ind i jordmassen 3 og bevæger sig i retning mod fyldningen 6 og det deri anbragte dræn rør 7.Using the plant according to the invention, impure water is introduced, e.g. wastewater, in the filling 5, from which it enters the soil mass 3 and moves in the direction towards the filling 6 and the drain pipe 7 therein.

Under passagen gennem jordmassen 3 renses spildevandet i et sådant omfang, at det rensede spildevand gennem drænrøret 7 kan 20 tilføres naturlige recipienter eller anvendes som friskvand uden yderligere rensning.During passage through the soil mass 3, the wastewater is purified to such an extent that the purified wastewater through the drainage pipe 7 can be supplied to natural recipients or used as fresh water without further purification.

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Claims

A root zone plant for the purification of impure water comprising a defined mass (3) of a growth substrate planted with sump plants (4), means (5) for supplying crude water to the substrate mass (3) 5 and means (6,7) for discharging purified water, characterized in that the substrate mass is placed in an upwardly movable tank, transportable tank (1,2), possibly with cover, however, so that the tank is still open upwards.

Root zone system according to claim 1, characterized in that the tank (1,2) is rectangular in shape and comprises at one end a filling (5) of a particulate, inorganic material for distributing the wastewater into the substrate mass (3). and at the opposite end a further filling (6) of a particulate, inorganic material for draining of purified water.

A root zone system according to claim 2, characterized in that a drainage pipe (7) for draining purified water is laid down in the filling (6).

Root zone system according to claim 1, characterized in that the tank consists of a metal or wooden box (1) which is internally coated with a waterproof plastic film (2). 25 30 35