DK151758B

DK151758B - CONNECTION TO CREATE A CIRCUIT CIRCUIT IN AN INTERMEDIATE GENERATOR IN A PCM PLANT

Info

Publication number: DK151758B
Application number: DK042381AA
Authority: DK
Inventors: Josef Doemer; Gerhard Thanhaeuser
Original assignee: Siemens Ag
Priority date: 1980-01-31
Filing date: 1981-01-30
Publication date: 1987-12-28
Also published as: NO810289L; ATE7990T1; EP0033470A1; NO152990B; DK42381A; DE3164022D1; EP0033470B1; DE3003516A1; NO152990C; DK151758C; FI810276L

Abstract

1. Circuit arrangement for the formation of a loop closure in an intermediate regenerator of a PCM system with a first (REG1) and a second (REG2) PCM regenerator, which operate in different directions of transmission, wherein each regenerator includes an input-end equalizer (E1, E2) and, connected thereto, the series arrangement of an amplitude decision device (AE1; AE2), a time decision device (ZE1, ZE2), and a pulse amplifier (V1, V2), and wherein the two regenerators (REG1, REG2) which are on different potential are connected to one another by at least one high-voltage-resistant signal junction (~U2), and moreover the receiving regenerator (REG1) includes a locating-signal analysis arrangement (OSA) which is connected to its amplitude-or time-decision device, and a connected device (SBG, SBE) which serves to control a loop switch (S) for connecting an output of the receiving regenerator (REG1) to an input of a regenerator (REG2) for the opposite direction, wherein a high-voltage transformer (~U1) transmits the control signal for the loop switch (S) to a control frequency receiver (SBE) included in the second regenerator (REG2), wherein the output of the control frequency receiver (SBE) is connected to a control input of the loop switch (S) whose input is connected to an output of the first regenerator and whose output is connected to an input of the second regenerator, characterised in that the output of the locating-signal analysis device (OSA) is connected to the input of a control frequency oscillator (SBG) whose oscillating frequency is approximately 1% of the Nyquist frequency of the PCM signals which are to be transmitted, and that the control frequency oscillator (SBG) includes - as frequency-determining element - the primary winding of the high-voltage transformer (~U1), that the control oscillator (SBG) includes an AND gate (G) which is connected to its control input and whose output is connected via a first resistor (R1) to the collector terminal of a first transistor (T1) and to the first terminal of the primary winding (L1) of the first transformer (~U1), that the second terminal of this primary winding (L1) is connected to the base terminal of the first transistor (T1) and is connected to earth via a first capacitor (C1), that the emitter terminal of the first transistor (T1) is connected directly to earth whereas the collector terminal of this transistor is connected via a second capacitor (C2) to earth, and that the secondary winding (L2) of the first transformer (~U1) is connected to the input of the control frequency receiver (SBE).

Description

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Opfindelsen angår en kobling til dannelse af en sløjfeslutning i en mellemregenerator i et PCM-system med en første og en anden PCM-regenerator, der virker i forskellige overføringsretninger, hvor hver regenerator 5 på indgangssiden har en modforvrænger og i tilslutning dertil en seriekobling af en amplitudebedømmelseskobling, en tidsbedømmelseskobling og en impulsforstærker, og hvor de to på forskelligt potential liggende regeneratorer er forbundet med hinanden over mindst en høj-10 spændingsbestandig signalovergang, og hvor desuden den modtagende regenerator indeholder en med dens amplitude-og tidsbedømmelseskobling forbundet indretning til lokaliseringssignaludnyttelse og en hermed forbundet indretning til styring af en sløjfekobler til forbindelse 15 af en udgang på den modtagende regenerator med en indgang på en regenerator for den modsatte retning, hvor en højspændingsbestandig transformator overfører styresignalet til sløjfekobleren til en i den anden regenerator indeholdt styrefrekvensmodtager, hvor udgangen 20 på styrefrekvensmodtageren er forbundet med en styrefrek-vensindgang på sløjfekobleren, hvis indgang er forbundet med en udgang på den første regenerator, og hvis udgang er forbundet med en indgang på den anden regenerator.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The invention relates to a circuit for forming a loop connection in an intermediate regenerator in a PCM system having a first and a second PCM regenerator operating in different transfer directions, each regenerator 5 having on the input side a countercorruptor and, in addition, amplitude estimation coupling, a time estimation coupler and a pulse amplifier, wherein the two different regenerating potentials are connected to each other over at least one high voltage resistant signal transition, and wherein the receiving regenerator also includes a location signal utilization device and its amplitude and time estimation coupling. associated device for controlling a loop coupler for connection 15 of an output of the receiving regenerator with an input of a regenerator of the opposite direction, wherein a high voltage resistant transformer transmits the control signal of the loop coupler to a controller contained in the second regenerator frequency receiver, wherein the output 20 of the control frequency receiver is connected to a control frequency input of the loop coupler, the input of which is connected to an output of the first regenerator and whose output is connected to an input of the second regenerator.

PCM-strækninger indeholder mellem to ledningster-25 minalapparater mellemregeneratorer, der er indføjet i kabelstrækningen med afstande på nogle kilometer, og som tjener til at ophæve den af det anvendte kabels frekvensafhængige dæmpning betingede forvrængning og dæmpning af overføringsimpulserne. Sådanne mellemfor-30 stærkere er sammenfattet i underjordiske ubemandede stationer, og de indeholder mindst én regenerator for den ene overføringsretning og en anden regenerator for returretningen.PCM lines contain between two wiring terminals intermediate regenerators inserted into the cable section with distances of a few kilometers, which serve to eliminate the distortion and attenuation of the transmission pulses conditional on the frequency-dependent attenuation of the cable used. Such intermediate amplifiers are summarized in underground unmanned stations and contain at least one regenerator for one transfer direction and another regenerator for the return direction.

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22

Til ophævelse af den frekvensafhængige dæmpning af overføringssignalerne som følge af kablet indeholder de enkelte regeneratorer på indgangssiden hver især en mod-forvrænger og i tilslutning til denne en amplitudebe-5 dømme1seskobling, som har en tærskelkoblers funktion, og ved hjælp af hvilken støjandele og forstyrrelser med små amplituder afskæres. I tilslutning til amplitudebedømmelseskoblingen findes der en tidsbedømmelseskobling til tidsmæssig regenerering af de overførte im]pul-10 ser og i tilslutning til denne en impulsforstærker til frembringelse af sendeeffekten for det næste overføringsafsnit. Regeneratorerne indeholder yderligere indretninger til taktafledning, fjernfødningsforgrenings-led og eventuelt også alarmeringsindretninger, der i-15 midlertid ikke er af interesse i det foreliggende tilfælde.To cancel the frequency-dependent attenuation of the transmission signals due to the cable, the individual regenerators on the input side each contain a counter-distortion and in addition thereto an amplitude judgment circuit which has the function of a threshold coupler and by means of which noise proportions and interference with small amplitudes are cut off. In connection with the amplitude rating circuit there is a time rating circuit for temporarily regenerating the transmitted pulses and, in addition, a pulse amplifier for generating the transmit power for the next transmission section. The regenerators include additional devices for clock dissipation, remote feeding branch joints and possibly also alarm devices which are temporarily of no interest in the present case.

Til lokalisering af fejl på overføringsstrækningen indeholder hver mellemregenerator yderligere en indretning til dannelse af en sløjfeslutning mellem udgangen 20 på regeneratoren for den ene overføringsretning og indgangen på regeneratoren for returretningen, hvorhos sløjfeslutningen bevirkes af en styret omskifter og sker over en forbindelse, som indeholder midler til potentialadskillelse mellem de to på forskellige fjernfødnings-25 potentialer liggende regeneratorer og eventuelt også et dæmpningsnetværk.For locating transmission line faults, each intermediate generator further includes a loop forming device between the output 20 of the one transfer direction regenerator and the input of the return direction regenerator, the loop closure being effected by a controlled switch and over a connection containing means for potential separation between the two regenerators located on different remote feeding potentials and possibly also an attenuation network.

Til styring af sløjfeslutningskobleren indeholder den med lokaliseringsindretningens sendedel forbundne og dermed modtagende regenerator en indretning til ud-30 nyttelse af det fra lokaliseringsapparatet udsendte lo-kaliseringssignal og en dermed forbundet indretning til styring af sløjfekobleren. Sløjfekobleren tjener til, på indgangssiden af regeneratoren for den modsatte retning at adskille denne fra det fra den modsatte retning 35 ankommende overføringssignal og i stedet at forbinde den med udgangen på den modtagende regenerator. Sløjfe-For controlling the loop closure coupler, the regenerator connected to the transmitting portion of the locating device includes a device for utilizing the localization signal transmitted from the locating apparatus and an associated device for controlling the loop coupler. The loop coupler serves to separate on the input side of the regenerator for the opposite direction from the transfer signal arriving from the opposite direction 35 and instead connect it to the output of the receiving regenerator. Bow-

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3 slutningskobleren skal derfor befinde sig på potentialet for regeneratoren for den modsatte retning, mens den med amplitude- eller tidsbedømmelseskoblingen i den første regenerator forbundne indretning til lokalise-5 ringssignaludnyttelse befinder sig på dennes potential. Foruden midlerne til potentialadskillelse i den egentlige sløjfe skal der derfor findes et yderligere potentialadskillelsessted, over hvilket styresignalet for sløjfeslutningen kan overføres.3, the end coupler must therefore be at the potential of the regenerator for the opposite direction, while the amplitude or time rating coupling of the first regenerator for location signal utilization is at its potential. Therefore, in addition to the potential separation means in the actual loop, there is an additional potential separation location over which the control signal for the loop connection can be transmitted.

10 Fra tysk patentskrift nr. 20 04 810, tysk offent liggørelsesskrift nr. 26 53 201 og tysk offentliggørelsesskrift nr. 26 32 193 kendes der muligheder for dannelse af en sløjfeslutning i en mellemregenerator i et PCM-system. Ved kendte løsninger bliver eksempelvis det 15 lavfrekvente lokaliseringssignal bearbejdet således, at det ved anvendelse af en spændingsbestandig lavfrekvenstrans formator kan overføres til regeneratoren for den modsatte retning. Det er også muligt at overføre styresignalet ved hjælp af fotoomsættere, der imidler- 20 tid for tiden er uforholdsmæssigt kostbare. Ved de kendte løsninger består det problem, at der som følge af spændingsbestandigheden på den ene side og den til undgåelse af tilbagevirkninger ved normal drift kapacitetsfattige opbygning på den anden side kræves et forholds-25 vis højt opbud. Dette opbud bliver særlig højt ved PCM-anlæg med høj bithastighed, der ligger ved mere end 20-30 Mbit/s.10 From German Patent Specification No. 20 04 810, German Patent Publication No. 26 53 201 and German Patent Publication No. 26 32 193, possibilities for forming a loop closure in an intermediate generator in a PCM system are known. In known solutions, for example, the low-frequency localization signal is processed such that, using a voltage-resistant low-frequency transformer, it can be transmitted to the regenerator for the opposite direction. It is also possible to transmit the control signal by means of photo-converters, which, however, are currently prohibitively expensive. In the known solutions, there is a problem that due to the voltage resistance on the one hand and the capacity-poor construction of capacity-poor construction on the other hand, a relatively high supply is required. This bidding becomes particularly high for high bit rate PCM systems that are at more than 20-30 Mbit / s.

Fra DE-B-26 44 942 kendes ligeledes en fremgangsmåde og udstyr til fejllokalisering af den indlednings-vis omhandlede art, hvor der ud fra dele af de overførte kontrolsignaler efter en demodulation udfiltreres en for hver regenerator karakteristisk lavfrekvent resonanssvingning ved hjælp af en demodulator og en svingningskreds, ud fra hvilken svingning der i en tærskel-35 kobler frembringes et impulsformet signal. Dette impulsformede signal overføres ved hjælp af en transformatorDE-B-26 44 942 also discloses a method and equipment for locating the preamble in the preamble, in which a low frequency resonant oscillation characteristic of each regenerator is filtered out from parts of the transmitted control signals after a demodulation. an oscillation circuit from which oscillation in a threshold coupler produces an impulse-shaped signal. This pulse-shaped signal is transmitted by means of a transformer

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4 potentialfrit til sløjfeslutningskoblerens styreindretning. Denne kendte teknik er altså begrænset til, at der foreligger en udfiltrerbar resonanssvingning i kontrolsignalerne, således at der kan opstå vanskelig-5 heder ved højere bithastigheder og ved den almindeligvis foreskrevne anvendelse af kodere.4 potential-free for the loop closure coupler control device. This prior art is thus limited to the fact that there is a filterable resonant oscillation in the control signals, so that difficulties can be encountered at higher bit rates and in the commonly prescribed use of encoders.

Fra DE-B-20 32 913 kendes et kredsløb til aktivering af elektroniske signaltransformatorer, hvor der til aktivering af telegrafitegngivere sker aktivering af 10 såkaldte dobbeltstrøms-signaltransformatorer med enkeltstrømssignaler. Den anvendte transformator indeholder to primærviklinger, som hver især er del af to, forskellige toner frembringende oscillatorer.DE-B-20 32 913 discloses a circuit for activating electronic signal transformers, in which for activating telegraphic transducers, activation of 10 so-called double current signal transformers with single current signals occurs. The transformer used contains two primary windings, each of which is part of two different tones producing oscillators.

Opfindelsen tager altså sigte på, for en kobling af 1 5 den indledningsvis omhandlede art at angive en også ved de nævnte forholdsvis høje bithastigheder mulig løsning, der med henblik på en bred anvendelighed er uafhængig af det specielle system og af den specielle bithastighed.Accordingly, the invention aims to provide, for a coupling of the kind initially referred to, a solution also possible at said relatively high bit rates, which for a wide applicability is independent of the particular system and of the particular bit rate.

2020

Ifølge opfindelsen løses opgaven ved, at udgangen på indretningen til lokaliseringssignaludnyttelse er forbundet med styreindgangen på en styrefrekvensoscil- lator med en svingningsfrekvens ved ca. 1% af Nyquist-frekvensen af de PCM-signaler, der skal overføres, og at styrefrekvens-25 oscillatoren som frekvensbestemmende led indeholder primærviklingen på den højspændingsbestandige transformator, at styreoscillatoren indeholder en med dens styreindgang forbundet OG-port, hvis udgang over en første modstand er forbundet med kollektortilslutningen 30 på en første transistor og med den ene tilslutning på primærviklingen på den første transformator, at den anden tilslutning på denne primærvikling er forbundet med basistilslutningen på den første transistor og over en første kondensator er forbundet med stel, at emit-35 tertilslutningen på den første transistor direkte ogAccording to the invention, the task is solved by the output of the location signal utilization device being connected to the control input of a control frequency oscillator with a vibration frequency at approx. 1% of the Nyquist frequency of the PCM signals to be transmitted, and that the control frequency oscillator as the frequency determining link contains the primary winding of the high voltage resistant transformer, that the control oscillator contains an AND gate connected to its control input whose output over a first resistor is connected to the collector terminal 30 of a first transistor and to the one terminal of the primary winding of the first transformer, that the second connection of this primary winding is connected to the base connection of the first transistor and over a first capacitor is connected to the frame that emits 35 the direct connection of the first transistor directly and

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5 denne transistors kollektortilslutning over en anden kondensator er forbundet med stel, og at den første transformators sekundærvikling er forbundet med indgangen på en styrefrekvensmodtager.5 the collector connection of this transistor over a second capacitor is connected to the ground and that the secondary winding of the first transformer is connected to the input of a control frequency receiver.

5 En med henblik på det ringe effektbehov og den enk le opbygning foretrukket videreudvikling af opfindelsen fremkommer ved, at indretningen til lokaliseringssignaludnyttelse ud fra det modtagne lokaliseringssignal frembringer et logisk niveau til indkobling af styrefrek-10 vensoscillatoren.A further development of the invention preferred for the low power demand and the simple structure is found in that the device for localization signal utilization from the received localization signal produces a logical level for switching on the control frequency oscillator.

Yderligere som følge af deres ringe opbud foretrukne udførelsesformer for koblingen ifølge opfindelsen er angivet i kravene 3 og 4.Further, in view of their low supply, preferred embodiments of the coupling according to the invention are set out in claims 3 and 4.

Opfindelsen er i det følgende forklaret nærmere 15 eksempelvis under henvisning til tegningen, hvor fig. 1 viser den principielle opbygning af en PCM-mellemregenerator med en kobling ifølge opfindelsen, og fig. 2 diagrammer over den i fig. 1 anvendte sty-refrekvensoscillator og over den dermed forbundne styre-2 0 frekvensmodtager.The invention is explained in greater detail below, for example with reference to the drawing, in which fig. 1 shows the basic structure of a PCM intermediate regenerator with a coupling according to the invention, and fig. 2 are diagrams of the embodiment of FIG. 1 control frequency oscillator used and over the associated control 20 frequency receiver.

Den i fig. 1 viste méllemregenerator omfatter en modtagende regenerator REGI og en regenerator REG2 for den modsatte retning, hvilke regeneratorer befinder sig på forskellige fjernfødepotentialer og kun er for-25 bundet med hinanden over de to transformatorer U1 og U2. Begge regeneratorer indeholder en seriekobling af en modforvrænger El henholdsvis E2 på modtagesiden, en dermed forbundet amplitudebedømmelseskobling AE1 henholdsvis AE2, en dermed forbundet tidsbedømmelses-kobling ZE1 henholdsvis ZE2 samt impulsforstærkere VI henholdsvis V2, hvis udgangstilslutninger er forbundet med de afgående ledninger Flab henholdsvis F2ab. Disse dele af regeneratorerne tjener til bearbejdning af de informationssignaler, der skal over-35 føres, og af de under fejllokaliseringsprocessen overførte lokaliseringssignaler. I det foreliggende tilfælde er det antaget, at indgangen F2an er tilsluttet udgangen på en terminalstation, der også indeholder 6The FIG. 1, a receiving regenerator REGI and a regenerator REG2 for the opposite direction, which regenerators are at different remote feed potentials and are only connected to each other over the two transformers U1 and U2. Both regenerators contain a serial coupling of a counter-scrambler E1 and E2 respectively on the receiving side, an associated amplitude rating coupling AE1 and AE2 respectively, a associated time estimation coupling ZE1 and ZE2, respectively, and pulse amplifiers VI and V2, respectively, whose output connections are connected to the outgoing wires F1, respectively. These parts of the regenerators serve to process the information signals to be transmitted and the location signals transmitted during the fault location process. In the present case, it is assumed that the input F2an is connected to the output of a terminal station which also contains 6

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fejllokaliseringsapparatet, og hvorfra fejllokaliseringssignalet over strækningen overføres til de enkelte mellemregeneratorer.the fault location apparatus and from which the fault location signal is transmitted over the stretch to the individual intermediate regenerators.

I overensstemmelse med teknikkens forannævnte sta-5 de består der en række muligheder for sammen med lokaliseringssignalet at udsende en sløjfeslutningsordre i form af en adresse for hver mellemregenerator, som følge af hvilken indretningen til lokaliseringssignaludnyttelse i den modtagende regenerator reagerer, og der 10 består også den mulighed at foretage en anden slags lokaliseringssignaludnyttelse med ensartet kending og derved ved en bestemt tidsmæssig rækkefølge af styreordrer først i den mellemregenerator, der ligger nærmest sendestationen, og derefter også i de efterfølgende mellem-15 regeneratorer at foranledige en sløjfeslutning. Anordningen OSA til lokaliseringssignaludnyttelse i vekselvirkning med tidsbedømmelseskoblingen skal derfor i hvert enkelt tilfælde opbygges i overensstemmelse med det anvendte lokaliseringssignal.In accordance with the aforementioned state of the art, there are a number of options for transmitting, together with the location signal, a loop closure order in the form of an address for each intermediate generator, as a result of which the location signal utilization device in the receiving regenerator responds, and there also exists the the possibility of making a different kind of localization signal utilization with uniform familiarity and thereby by a certain temporal order of control orders first in the intermediate regenerator nearest the transmitting station, and then also in the subsequent intermediate regenerators to cause a loop closure. Therefore, the device OSA for location signal utilization in interaction with the time rating coupling must be constructed in each case in accordance with the location signal used.

20 I det foreliggende tilfælde er der tale om en lo kaliseringsmetode af den sidstnævnte art uden adresse for hver mellemregenerator. Der overføres altså sammen med lokaliseringssignalet en ensartet kending, som består af en periodisk gentaget impulskombination, som 25 ikke forekommer i den normale driftstilstand og derfor heller ikke kan foregives. Konstateringen af denne impuls-kombination kan ske ved hjælp af en kendt integrationskobling, som på sin udgang eksempelvis indeholder en OG-port, der ved optræden af den for mellemregenerato-30 ren specifikke kending på sin udgang frembringer et bestemt logisk niveau. Dette logiske niveau tilkobler den tilsluttede styrefrekvensoscillator SBG. Denne styre-frekvensoscillator virker som sløjfeordregiver og frembringer et vekselspændingssignal i frekvensområdet mel-35 lem ca. 50 ... 100 kHz svarende til 0,1 ... 1% af20 In the present case, there is a localization method of the latter kind with no address for each intermediate generator. Thus, along with the location signal, a uniform command is transmitted which consists of a periodically repeated pulse combination which does not occur in the normal operating state and therefore cannot be pretended. This pulse combination can be ascertained by means of a known integration coupling, which at its output contains, for example, an AND gate which, at the output of the intermediate regenerator specific command at its output, produces a certain logic level. This logic level connects to the connected control frequency oscillator SBG. This control frequency oscillator acts as a loop transmitter and produces an alternating voltage signal in the frequency range between approx. 50 ... 100 kHz corresponding to 0.1 ... 1% of

Nyquist-frekvensen af de overførte PCM-signaler, hvilket vekselspændingssignal som sløjfeordre overføres over den første transformator Ul til regeneratoren REG2The Nyquist frequency of the transmitted PCM signals, which AC signal as a loop order is transmitted over the first transformer U1 to the regenerator REG2

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7 for den modsatte retning.7 for the opposite direction.

Den første regenerators impulsforstærker VI inde- ·· holder en udgangstransformator U2 med to sekundærviklinger. Den første sekundærvikling styrer udgangen Flab, 5 mens den anden vikling er tilkoblet kapacitetsfattigt og højspændingsbestandigt og overfører udgangssignalet til sløjfeslutningskobleren.The first regenerator pulse amplifier VI contains an output transformer U2 with two secondary windings. The first secondary winding controls the output Flab, 5 while the second winding is coupled to low capacity and high voltage resistant and transmits the output signal to the loop closure coupler.

Med sekundærviklingen på den første transformator Ul er den som sløjfeordremodtager tjenende styrefrek-10 vensmodtager SBE forbundet. Denne frembringer et udgangssignal, som tilføres styreindgangen på sløjfeslutningskobleren S, der er indkoblet foran modfor-vrængeren E2 i regeneratoren REG2 for den modsatte retning.With the secondary winding on the first transformer U1, the control frequency receiver SBE serving as a loop receiver is connected. This produces an output signal which is applied to the control input of the loop closure coupler S, which is connected in front of the counter-converter E2 in the regenerator REG2 for the opposite direction.

15 Mens den ene signalindgang på sløjfeslutningskob leren er forbundet med indgangen Flan på regeneratoren for den modsatte retning, er den anden signalindgang på sløjfeslutningskobleren S forbundet med sekundærviklingen på den anden transformator U2.While one signal input on the loop terminal coupler is connected to the input Flan on the regenerator for the opposite direction, the second signal input on the loop terminal coupler S is connected to the secondary winding on the other transformer U2.

20 Under fejllokaliseringsprocessen optræder der på udgangen af indretningen til lokaliseringssignaludnyttelse et logisk niveau, som lagres i et bestemt tidsrum, og som foranlediger styrefrekvensoscillatoren til at afgive et tilsvarende vekselspændingssignal over 25 transformatoren Ul til styrefrekvensmodtageren, hvis udgangssignal igen kobler sløjfeslutningskobleren i den øverste stilling. Derved er sløjfeslutningen tilkoblet, og lokaliseringssignalerne gennemløber fra impulsforstærkeren VI*s udgang sløjfeslutningskobleren, re-30 generatoren REG2 for den modsatte retning og den ef-terkoblede overføringsstrækning frem til modtagedelen på det tilsluttede lokaliseringsapparat, hvor de kan undersøges for optræden af fejl.During the fault location process, at the output of the location signal utilization device, a logic level is stored which is stored for a specified period of time, which causes the control frequency oscillator to output a corresponding alternating voltage signal across the transformer U1 to the control frequency receiver, the output switch of which switches the loop signal again. Thereby, the loop connection is switched on and the location signals pass from the output of the pulse amplifier VI * loop loop coupler, the generator REG2 for the opposite direction and the reverse transmission line up to the receiving part of the connected locating apparatus where they can be examined.

Fig. 2 viser foruden styrefrekvensoscillatoren 35 SBG og styrefrekvensmodtageren SBE også porten G som en del af indretningen OSA til lokaliseringssignaludnyttelse. Der er givet afkald på at vise holdekoblingen for det på portudgangen optrædende logiske niveau 8FIG. 2, in addition to the control frequency oscillator 35 SBG and the control frequency receiver SBE, also shows the port G as part of the location signal utilization device OSA. It has been waived to show the holding coupling for the logic level 8 occurring at the gate output

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og portens fødespændingstilslutning. Porten G's udgangstilslutning er forbundet med styreindgangen SE på styrefrekvensoscillatoren SBG. Styreindgangen er over en første modstand RI forbundet med kollektor-5 tilslutningen på en første npn-transistor Ti og med den ene tilslutning på primærviklingen på en første transformator Ul. Den anden tilslutning på denne primærvikling er forbundet med den første transistors basistilslutning og over en første kondensator Cl med 10 steltilslutningen Ml for den modtagende regenerator REGI. Med denne steltilslutning er desuden emittertil-slutningen på den første transistor Ti forbundet direkte og denne transistors kollektortilslutning over en anden kondensator C2. Frekvensbestemmende for oscilla-15 toren SBG er altså selvinduktionen af primærviklingen LI og kapaciteten af de to kondensatorer Cl og C2.and the gate supply voltage connection. The output connection of the port G is connected to the control input SE of the control frequency oscillator SBG. The control input is connected over a first resistor RI to the collector-5 connection of a first npn transistor Ti and to the one connection of the primary winding of a first transformer U1. The second connection on this primary winding is connected to the base transistor base connection and over a first capacitor C1 with the frame connection M1 for the receiving regenerator REGI. In addition, with this ground connection the emitter connection of the first transistor Ti is directly connected and the collector connection of this transistor over a second capacitor C2. Thus, frequency determining for the oscillator SBG is the self-induction of the primary winding L1 and the capacity of the two capacitors C1 and C2.

Den enkle opbygning af denne oscillator nødvendiggør kun så svag en driftsstrøm, at denne over styreindgangen SE kan tilføres og dermed også kobles fra porten G.The simple construction of this oscillator requires only so weak an operating current that it can be supplied over the control input SE and thus also be disconnected from the gate G.

20 Oscillatoren svinger altså kun under lokaliseringsprocessen og forbruger dermed også kun i denne driftstilstand en forholdsvis ringe effekt.20 The oscillator thus only swings during the localization process and thus also consumes only a relatively small power in this operating mode.

Sekundærviklingen L2 på ringkernetransformatoren Ul· kan bestå af få vindinger og har derfor en lav selv-25 induktion, således at der opnås en meget kapacitetsfattig og alligevel spændingsstabil tilkobling af styre-frekvensmodtageren til oscillatorkredsen. Den ene tilslutning på sekundærviklingen L2 er forbundet med basistilslutningen på en anden npn-transistor T2, og 30 den anden sekundærviklingstilslutning er over en seriekobling af en anden modstand R2 og en tredje kondensator C3 forbundet med steltilslutningen M2 for regeneratoren REG2 for den modsatte retning og over en tredje modstand R3 forbundet med kollektortilslutnin-35 gen på den anden transistor T2. Kollektortilslutnin-gen på denne transistor er desuden over en fjerde modstand R4 forbundet med en driftsspændingskilde U og over en for fødespændingen i spærreretningen polet 9The secondary winding L2 of the ring-core transformer U1 · can consist of a few turns and therefore has a low self-induction, so that a very low capacity and yet voltage-stable connection of the control frequency receiver to the oscillator circuit is obtained. The one secondary winding L2 is connected to the base connection of another npn transistor T2, and the second secondary winding connection is connected to a series connection of a second resistor R2 and a third capacitor C3 to the ground connection M2 of the regenerator REG2 for the opposite direction and above. a third resistor R3 connected to the collector connector of the second transistor T2. Furthermore, the collector connection of this transistor is connected via a fourth resistor R4 to an operating voltage source U and over a pole 9 for the supply voltage in the blocking direction.

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diode D forbundet med en femte modstand R5, en femte kondensator C5 og en sjette modstand R6. Emitter-tilslutningen på den anden transistor T2, de to andre tilslutninger på den femte modstand R5 og på den fem-5 te kondensator C5 samt emittertilslutningen på en tredje npn-transistor T3 er sammen ført til steltilslutningen M2. Den anden tilslutning på den sjette modstand R6 er forbundet med basistilslutningen på den tredje transistor T3, mens dennes kollektortil-10 slutning over en syvende modstand R7 er forbundet med tilslutningen for driftsspændingen U og med en styresignaludgang Op. Med styresignaludgangen Op er styresignalindgangen på sløjfeslutningskobleren S forbundet. Det ved hjælp af transistoren T2 opbyggede 15 forstærkertrin udgør altså en vekselspændingsforstærker, til hvilken der slutter sig et ensrettertrin og et ved hjælp af transistoren T3 opbygget kobleforstærkertrin. Forstærkningen af og dermed også indgangsmodstanden for det ved hjælp af transistoren T2 op-20 byggede forstærkertrin er indstilleligt indenfor bestemte grænser ved variation af modstandsværdierne for modkoblingsmodstanden R3 og for den anden transistors kollektormodstand R4. Den er indstillet således, dels at koblespændingen over dioden D i indkoblingstilstan-25 den er tilstrækkelig til gennemkobling af kobleforstærkeren, dels at belastningen af ringkernetransformatoren El's sekundærvikling forbliver så lille, at styre-frekvensoscillatoren kan svinge.diode D connected to a fifth resistor R5, a fifth capacitor C5 and a sixth resistor R6. The emitter connection on the second transistor T2, the two other connections on the fifth resistor R5 and on the fifth-fifth capacitor C5 as well as the emitter connection on a third npn transistor T3 are connected together to the ground connection M2. The second terminal of the sixth resistor R6 is connected to the base terminal of the third transistor T3, while its collector terminal over a seventh resistor R7 is connected to the terminal of the operating voltage U and to a control signal output Op. With the control signal output Op, the control signal input on the loop closure coupler S is connected. The amplifier stage constructed by means of the transistor T2 thus constitutes an alternating voltage amplifier to which a rectifier stage and a coupler amplifier stage constructed by means of the transistor T3 join. The gain and hence also the input resistance of the amplifier stage constructed by the transistor T2 is adjustable within certain limits by varying the resistance values of the countercurrent resistance R3 and of the collector transistor R4 of the other transistor. It is set so that the switching voltage across the diode D in the switching state is sufficient for the switching of the switching amplifier and partly that the load on the secondary winding transformer E1's secondary winding remains so small that the control frequency oscillator can oscillate.

Det er ganske vist også muligt at medanvende trans-30 formatoren TJ2 for lokaliseringssignalet til overføring af styresignalet. Deraf resulterer imidlertid foruden nødvendigheden af at undgå spredninger og tilbagevirkninger også den nødvendighed, at der skal findes yderligere selektionsled, således at opbuddet er for-35 holdsmæssigt højt i forhold til den fordel, som ligger i besparelsen af en ringkernetransformator.It is admittedly also possible to use the transformer TJ2 for the localization signal for transmitting the control signal. However, in addition to the necessity of avoiding spreads and retrospects, there is also the need for additional selection steps to be found, so that the supply is relatively high in relation to the advantage of saving a ring core transformer.

Claims

1. Coupling to form a loop closure in an intermediate regenerator in a PCM system having a first (REG1) and a second PCM regenerator (REG2) / operating in different transfer directions / wherein each regenerator on the 5 input side has a counter-distortion (E1, E2) and, in addition, a series circuit of an amplitude rating circuit (AE2, AE2), a time rating circuit (ZE1, ZE2) and a pulse accelerator (V1, V2), and the two regenerating potentials (REG1, REG2) is connected to each other over at least one high voltage resistant signal transition, and in addition, the receiving regenerator (REG1) contains a location signal utilization device (OSA) connected to its amplitude and time rating coupling and an associated device (SBG, SBE). for controlling a loop coupler (S) for connecting an output of the receiving regenerator (REG1) to an input of a regenerator (REG2) for the opposite direction, wherein a high voltage resistant transformer (U1) transmits the control signal to the loop coupler (S) to a control frequency receiver (SBE) contained in the second regenerator (REG2), where the output of the control frequency receiver (SBE) is connected to a control frequency input of the loop coupler (S) whose input is connected to an output of the first regenerator, and the output of which is connected to an input of the second regenerator, characterized in that the output of the location signal utilization device (OSA) is connected to the control input of a control frequency oscillator (SBG) with a vibration frequency at about. 1% of the Nyguist frequency of the PCM signals to be transmitted and that the control frequency oscillator (SBG) as the frequency determining link contains the primary winding of the high voltage resistant transformer, that the control oscillator (SBG) contains an AND connected to its control input. port (G), whose output of a first resistor (R1) is connected to the collector connector on a first transistor (T1) and to the one connection on the primary winding (L1) of the first transformer (U1), that the second connection of this primary winding (L1) is connected to the base connection of the first transistor (T1) and above a first capacitor (C1) is connected to ground, the emitter connection of the first transistor (T1) directly and the collector connection of this transistor above a second capacitor (C2) is connected to the frame and that the secondary transformer (U1) secondary winding (L2) is connected to the input of a control frequency receiver (SBE).

Coupling according to claim 1, characterized in that the location signal utilization device (OSA) according to the received localization signal produces a logical level for switching on the control frequency oscillator (SBG).

Coupling according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the control frequency receiver (SBE) on the input side is connected to the secondary winding (L2) of the first transformer (U1) fed by the control frequency oscillator, that one connection of the secondary winding is connected to the base connection of a a second transistor (T2) and the second connection on the secondary coil over the series connection of a second resistor (R2) and a third capacitor (C3) are connected to the frame and over a third resistor (R3) is connected to the collector connection on the second transistor (T2), that the collector connector of this transistor is additionally connected to a terminal for the operating voltage (U) and above a first diode (D1) to a terminal of a fifth resistor (R5) over a fourth resistance (U) and a fifth capacitor (C5) and over a sixth resistor (R6) are connected to the base connection of a third transistor (T3), the second connection of the parallel circuit g and the emitter connection DK 151758B on the third transistor (T3) is connected to ground and the collector connection on the third transistor over a seventh resistor (R7) is connected to the connection for the operating voltage (U) and to an output connection (Op), 5 with which the control connection on the loop closure coupler (S) is connected.

4. A coupling according to claim 1, characterized in that, for forming the loop connection, there is a low-capacity and high-voltage stable second secondary winding in the output transformer (U2) of the pulse amplifier (VI), that one connection to this transformer tors (U2) secondary winding (L2) is connected to a grounding connection on the other distortion generator (REG2) and the second winding of the secondary winding is connected to another signal input on the loop terminal coupler (S).