DK151752B - MULTI-STEP TRANSISTOR AMPLIFIER FOR AC POWER - Google Patents

MULTI-STEP TRANSISTOR AMPLIFIER FOR AC POWER Download PDF

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Publication number
DK151752B
DK151752B DK99678A DK99678A DK151752B DK 151752 B DK151752 B DK 151752B DK 99678 A DK99678 A DK 99678A DK 99678 A DK99678 A DK 99678A DK 151752 B DK151752 B DK 151752B
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Prior art keywords
amplifier
transistor
stage
collector
voltage
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DK99678A
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Danish (da)
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DK151752C (en
DK99678A (en
Inventor
Bonno Poppinga
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Bosch Gmbh Robert
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Publication of DK99678A publication Critical patent/DK99678A/en
Publication of DK151752B publication Critical patent/DK151752B/en
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Publication of DK151752C publication Critical patent/DK151752C/en

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H03ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03FAMPLIFIERS
    • H03F3/00Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements
    • H03F3/189High-frequency amplifiers, e.g. radio frequency amplifiers
    • H03F3/19High-frequency amplifiers, e.g. radio frequency amplifiers with semiconductor devices only
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H03ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03FAMPLIFIERS
    • H03F1/00Details of amplifiers with only discharge tubes, only semiconductor devices or only unspecified devices as amplifying elements
    • H03F1/02Modifications of amplifiers to raise the efficiency, e.g. gliding Class A stages, use of an auxiliary oscillation
    • H03F1/0205Modifications of amplifiers to raise the efficiency, e.g. gliding Class A stages, use of an auxiliary oscillation in transistor amplifiers
    • H03F1/0283Reducing the number of DC-current paths

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Amplifiers (AREA)

Description

DK 151752 BDK 151752 B

Opfindelsen angår en flertrins transistorforstærker for vekselspændinger, ved hvilken mindst to på hinanden følgende forstærkertrin er jævnstrømsmodkoblede trin.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to a multi-stage AC voltage transistor amplifier, in which at least two consecutive amplifier stages are DC coupled steps.

Fra tidsskriftet Journal British IRE’s fébruarnurrmer, 1963, siderne 127-144, kendes en flertrins transistorforstærker for vekselspændinger, hvor to på hinanden følgende forstærkertrin er jævnstrømsmodkoblede, men hvor strømforbruget af hver enkelt trin tiltager med bestemte beløb fra forstærkerens indgang til dens udgang. Det sidste trin i en flertrins transistorforstærker af nævnte art har altså det største strømforbrug.From the journal British British IRE's 1963, pages 127-144, a multistage transistor amplifier for AC voltages is known in which two successive amplifier stages are DC-coupled, but where the power consumption of each stage increases with certain amounts from the amplifier's input to its output. The last stage of a multi-stage transistor amplifier of the kind mentioned has the greatest power consumption.

En flertrins transistorforstærker af indledningsvis nævnte art er ifølge opfindelsen ejendommelig ved, at summen af de gennem 2According to the invention, a multi-stage transistor amplifier of the kind mentioned above is characterized in that the sum of the

DK 151752BDK 151752B

de jævnstrømsmodkoblede trin gående strømme tjener til jævnstrømsforsyning af et efterfølgende forstærkertrin. Herved opnås, at det relativt store strømforbrug hos det sidste i en flertrins transistorforstærker indgående forstærkertrin ikke udgør nogen ekstra belastning for driftsstrømkilden.the DC-coupled steps of current serve to direct the supply of a subsequent amplifier stage. Hereby it is obtained that the relatively large current consumption of the last incoming amplifier stage of a multistage transistor amplifier does not constitute any additional load for the operating current source.

Ved hjælp af de i underkravene anførte foranstaltninger tilvejebringes der fordelagtige videreudviklinger og forbedringer af den i hovedkravet angivne flertrins transistorforstærker. En særlig fordel opnås ved, at de jævnstrømsmodkoblede trin tilsammen danner en kollektormodstand for det efterfølgende forstærkertrin, hvis transistor mellem sin kollektor og basis har en modstand til spændingsmodkobling. De jævnstrømsmodkoblede trin virker da samtidig som en temperaturstabiliserende kollektormodstand for det følgende eller sidste forstærkertrin.By means of the measures specified in the subclaims, advantageous further developments and improvements in the transistor amplifier specified in the main claim are provided. A particular advantage is obtained by the fact that the DC coupled steps together form a collector resistance for the subsequent amplifier stage, whose transistor between its collector and base has a resistance to voltage coupling. The DC coupled steps then act simultaneously as a temperature stabilizing collector resistor for the following or last amplifier stage.

Opfindelsen forklares nærmere nedenfor under henvisning til tegningen, hvor fig. 1 viser et diagram over en 3-trins transistorforstærker, fig. la et ækvivalentdiagram for det sidste trin i den i fig.The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing, in which fig. 1 is a diagram of a 3-stage transistor amplifier; FIG. 1a shows an equivalent diagram of the last step of the one in FIG.

I viste 3-trins transistorforstærker, fig. 2 et diagram over en første variant for det i fig. 1 viste, fig. 3 en anden variant af det i fig. 1 viste, hvor kun jævnstrømsforløbet er antydet, og fig. 4 en tredie variant af det i fig. 1 viste, hvor ligeledes kun jævnstrømsforløbet er antydet.In the 3-stage transistor amplifier shown in FIG. 2 is a diagram of a first variant of the embodiment of FIG. 1; FIG. 3 shows another variant of the embodiment of FIG. 1, where only the DC current is indicated, and FIG. 4 shows a third variant of the embodiment of FIG. 1, where only the DC flow is also indicated.

En 3-trins transistorforstærker har på indgangen, jf. fig. 1, en koaksialforbindelse 10, som via en første koblingskondensator II er forbundet med en første transistor 12's basis.A 3-stage transistor amplifier has on the input, cf. 1, a coaxial connection 10 which is connected to a base of a first transistor 12 via a first coupling capacitor II.

En af to modstande 13 og 14 bestående første spændingsdeler ligger imellem en driftsstrømkildes første pol med spændingen ϋβ og stel. Et udtag 15 mellem de to modstande 13 og 14 er forbundet med den første transistors basis. Den første transistors kollektor er forbundet til driftsspændingskildens positive pol via en HF-drosselspole 16. Den første transistor 12 har en emitter-modstand 17, der i begge ender er forbundet til stelpotentialet via en kondensator henholdsvis 18 og 19.One of two resistors 13 and 14 comprising first voltage parts lies between the first pole of an operating current source with the voltage ϋβ and frame. An outlet 15 between the two resistors 13 and 14 is connected to the base of the first transistor. The collector of the first transistor is connected to the positive terminal of the operating voltage source via an HF choke coil 16. The first transistor 12 has an emitter resistor 17 which is connected at both ends to the ground potential via a capacitor 18 and 19, respectively.

Mellem den første transistor 12's kollektor og en anden transistor 20's basis er der indskudt en anden koblingskondensator 21. En af to modstande 22 og 23 bestående anden spændingsdelerBetween the collector of the first transistor 12 and the base of a second transistor 20, a second coupling capacitor 21 is inserted. One of two resistors 22 and 23 comprises second voltage parts

DK 151752BDK 151752B

3 ligger ligeledes imellem driftsstrønkildens positive pol og stel.3 also lies between the positive pole and frame of the operating power source.

Den anden spændingsdelers udtag er forbundet med den anden transistors basis. Imellem driftsspændingskildens positive pol og den anden transistors kollektor er der indskudt en HF-drosselspole 24. Til den anden transistor 20 hører der en emittermodstand 25, der er koblet galvanisk til den første transistor 12's emittermodstand 17. Mellem den anden transistor 20's emitter og stel er der indskudt en anden kondensator 26.The output of the other voltage divider is connected to the base of the other transistor. Between the positive pole of the operating voltage source and the collector of the second transistor, an HF choke coil 24. A second emitter resistor 25 is connected galvanically to the emitter resistance of the first transistor 12 between the emitter and frame of the second transistor 20. another capacitor 26 is inserted.

De indbyrdes galvanisk forbundne ender af emittermodstandene 17 og 25 er dels forbundet til en tredie transistor 28's basis via en modstand 27 og dels til den tredie transistors kollektor via en tredie HF-drosselspole 29. I en forbindelsesledning imellem den anden transistor 20's kollektor og den tredie transistor 28's basis er der indskudt en tredie koblingskondensator 30. Den tredie transistors emitter er forbundet direkte til stel, medens dens kollektor via en fjerde koblingskondensator 31 er forbundet til en udgangs-koaksialforbindelse 32.The interconnected galvanically connected ends of the emitter resistors 17 and 25 are connected partly to the base of a third transistor 28 via a resistor 27 and partly to the collector of the third transistor via a third HF choke coil 29. In a connection line between the second transistor 20's collector and the third Transistor 28 is provided with a third coupling capacitor 30. The emitter of the third transistor is connected directly to the ground, while its collector is connected to an output coaxial connection 32 via a fourth coupling capacitor 31.

I transistorforstærkeren bestående af tre trin er det første forstærkertrin betegnet med 33, det andet forstærkertrin med 34 og det tredie forstærkertrin med 35. Koaksialforbindelsen 10 på indgangen er påtrykt en indgangsspænding Ue, der fortrinsvis er en HF-spænding, og på udgangssiden ved koaksialforbindelsen 32 er en udgangsspænding U disponibel.In the three-stage transistor amplifier, the first amplifier stage is designated 33, the second amplifier stage 34, and the third amplifier stage 35. The coaxial connection 10 is applied to the input voltage Ue, which is preferably an HF voltage, and to the output side of the coaxial connection 32. an output voltage U is available.

Virkemåden af den i fig. 1 viste kobling er følgende. Transistorerne 12 ag 20 i henholdsvis det første og det andet transistorforstærkertrin 33 og 34 modtager en basisforspænding over spændingsdelerne, som består af modstandene 13 og 14 henholdsvis 22 og 23. Den første transistor 12's kollektorstrøm ^ °9 &en anden transistor 20's kollektorstrøm I^q forener sig ved de indbyrdes galvanisk forbundne ender af emittermodstandene 17 og 25 til en kollektorstrøm 3 for den tredie transistor 28 plus en ringe strøm gennem modstanden 27 i den tredie transistor 28's basistilledning. Den for det sidste transistorforstærkertrin 35's fornødne kollektorstrøm Ic2g medfører altså ingen ekstra belastning af driftsstrømkilden. Ud over fordelen af et ringe strømforbrug har den i fig. 1 viste kobling yderligere fordelen af en god temperaturstabilisering, som dels opnås ved hjælp af emittermodstandene 17 og 25 i henholdsvis det første og det andet transistorforstærkertrin 33 og 34, og dels ved anvendelsen af en spændingsmodkobling i 4The mode of operation shown in FIG. 1 is the following. The transistors 12 ag 20 in the first and second transistor amplifier stages 33 and 34, respectively, receive a base bias across the voltage portions which consist of resistors 13 and 14 and 22 and 23. respectively, the collector current of the first transistor 12 & a collector current of the second transistor 20 say at the interconnected galvanically connected ends of the emitter resistors 17 and 25 to a collector current 3 of the third transistor 28 plus a low current through the resistor 27 of the base transistor 28 of the third transistor 28. Thus, the required collector current Ic2g of the last transistor amplifier stage 35 does not impose any additional load on the operating current source. In addition to the advantage of low power consumption, the FIG. 1 further provides the advantage of a good temperature stabilization, which is obtained partly by the emitter resistors 17 and 25 in the first and second transistor amplifier stages 33 and 34 respectively and partly by the use of a voltage counter-coupling in 4

DK 151752 BDK 151752 B

i det tredie transistorforstærkertrin 35. Temperaturstabiliseringen i det tredie transistorforstærkertrin 35 opnås gennem modstanden 27 i forbindelse med ækvivalentmodstanden R for de to jævnstrømsmodkoblede forstærkertrin henholdsvis 33 og 34, jf. fig. la.in the third transistor amplifier stage 35. The temperature stabilization in the third transistor amplifier stage 35 is achieved through the resistor 27 in connection with the equivalent resistor R for the two DC-coupled amplifier stages 33 and 34, respectively. la.

I fig. 1 er det med stiplede linier antydet, at der foran det første transistorforstærkertrin 33 eller mellem det andet og det tredie trin henholdsvis 34 og 35 kan være indskudt yderligere forstærkertrin.In FIG. 1, it is indicated in broken lines that further amplifier steps may be inserted in front of the first transistor amplifier stage 33 or between the second and third stages 34 and 35, respectively.

Fig. 2 viser en flertrins transistorforstærker, hvor der i det sidste forstærkertrin 36 er. tilvejebragt en spændingsmodkobling under anvendelse af en yderligere transistor 37, som er indskudt i en i det sidste forstærkertrin 36 indgående transistor 38's kollektor-basisstrømkreds. For den yderligere transistor 37 er der tilvejebragt en basis-spændingsdeler med to modstande 39 og 40, som er forbundet mellem driftsstrømkildens positive pol og stel,og hvis udtag 41 er forbundet med den yderligere transistor 37's basis.FIG. 2 shows a multistage transistor amplifier, where in the last amplifier stage 36 there is. provided a voltage counterconnection using an additional transistor 37 which is inserted into a collector base circuit of the transistor 38 included in the last amplifier stage 36. For the additional transistor 37 there is provided a base voltage divider with two resistors 39 and 40 which are connected between the positive pole and frame of the operating power source and whose outlet 41 is connected to the base of the additional transistor 37.

De andre forstærkertrin 42, 43 og 44 er udformet på samme måde som forstærkertrinnene 33 og 34 i fig. 1. Til forskel fra det,der er vist i fig. 1,er dog ikke blot forstærkertrinnene 42, 43 og 44*s emittermodstande henholdsvis 45, 46 og 47, men også de ender af spændingsdelerne 48, 49; 50, 51 og 52, 53, der vender bort fra driftsspændingskildens positive pol, for bundet galvanisk indbyrdes. Den yderligere transistor 37's kollek-tor er forbundet direkte til den for oven nævnte galvaniske forbindelse, medens dens emitter via en modstand 54 er forbundet til basis hos den transistor 38, der indgår i det sidste forstærkertrin 36.The other amplifier stages 42, 43 and 44 are designed in the same way as the amplifier stages 33 and 34 of FIG. 1. Unlike the one shown in FIG. 1, however, not only are the emitter resistors 45, 46 and 47 of the amplifier stages 42, 43 and 44 *, but also the ends of the voltage portions 48, 49; 50, 51 and 52, 53, away from the positive voltage source of the operating voltage source, for bonded galvanic interconnections. The collector of the additional transistor 37 is connected directly to the galvanic connection mentioned above, while its emitter is connected via a resistor 54 to the base of the transistor 38 included in the last amplifier stage 36.

Fig. 3 viser en anden variant af en flertrins transistorforstærker, hvor kun jævnstrømsforløbet er antydet. Ifølge denne variant består hvert forstærkertrin henholdsvis 54 og 55 af to jævnstrømsmæssigt serieforbundne transistorer henholdsvis 56, 57 og 58, 59. Den sidste i denne flertrins transistorforstærker ind gående transistor er betegnet med 60.FIG. 3 shows another variant of a multi-stage transistor amplifier, where only the DC current is indicated. According to this variant, each amplifier stage 54 and 55, respectively, consists of two DC-connected transistors 56, 57 and 58, 59, respectively. The last transistor amplifier in this multistage amplifier is designated 60.

Den i fig. 4 viste variant angår en flertrins transistorforstærker, hvor de i fig. 1 og 2 viste koblingsmuligheder er anvendt i kombination.The FIG. 4 relates to a multistage transistor amplifier, where in FIG. 1 and 2 are used in combination.

Det koblingsafsnit, som i fig. 4 er indrammet af den punkte-The coupling section shown in FIG. 4 is framed by the dot-

DK 151752BDK 151752B

5 rede linie 61 svarer i jævnstrømsmæssig henseende til den i fig.5, line 61 corresponds in direct current to that of FIG.

1 viste kobling, medens det koblingsafsnit, der er indrammet af den punkterede linie 62, i jævnstrømsmæssig henseende svarer til den i fig. 2 viste kobling. Fagmanden kan efter behov også opstille andre kombinationer på grundlag af de i fig. 1, 2 og 3 viste diagrammer.1, while the coupling section framed by the dotted line 62, in DC, corresponds to the one shown in FIG. 2. The person skilled in the art may also, if necessary, set up other combinations on the basis of those in FIG. 1, 2 and 3.

Claims (4)

1. Flertrins transistorforstærker for vekselspændinger, ved hvilken mindst to på hinanden følgende forstærkertrin er jævnstrømsmodkoblede trin, kendetegnet ved, at summen af de gennem de jævnstrømsmodkoblede trin (33,34) gående strømme (^12^020^ ^je-ner til jævnstrømsforsyning af et efterfølgende forstærkertrin (35).A multi-stage AC voltage transistor amplifier, wherein at least two successive amplifier stages are DC-coupled steps, characterized in that the sum of the DCs (33,34) passing through the DC (33,34) currents for DC supply a subsequent amplifier step (35). 2. Forstærker ifølge krav 1, kendetegnet ved, at de jævnstrømsmodkoblede trin (33,34) tilsammen danner en kollektor-modstand for det efterfølgende forstærkertrin (35), hvis transistor (28) mellem sin kollektor og basis har en modstand (27) til spændingsmodkobling .Amplifier according to claim 1, characterized in that the DC-coupled steps (33,34) together form a collector resistance for the subsequent amplifier stage (35), the transistor (28) of which between its collector and base has a resistance (27) for voltage disconnection. 3. Forstærker ifølge krav 2, kendetegnet ved, at der i spændingsmodkoblingsvejen er indskudt kollektor-emitterstrækningen i en yderligere transistor (37), hvis basis ligger på et fast potential.Amplifier according to claim 2, characterized in that the collector-emitter line is inserted in an additional transistor (37), the base of which is at a fixed potential in the voltage-coupling path. 4. Forstærker ifølge krav 1 eller 3, kendetegnet ved, at de jævnstrømsmodkoblede forstærkertrin to og to (56,57 hhv. 58,59) danner en jævnstrømsmæssig serieforbindelse, at disse serieforbindelser jævnstrømsmæssigt er koblet i parallel, og at summen af de gennem serieforbindelserne gående jævnstrømme tjener til strømforsyning af et efterfølgende forstærkertrin (60).Amplifier according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that the DC-coupled amplifier stages two and two (56.57 and 58.59, respectively) form a DC series connection, that these series connections are connected in parallel in parallel and that the sum of those through the series connections DC direct current serves to power a subsequent amplifier stage (60).
DK99678A 1977-03-23 1978-03-06 MULTI-STEP TRANSISTOR AMPLIFIER FOR AC POWER DK151752C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2712680 1977-03-23
DE19772712680 DE2712680C2 (en) 1977-03-23 1977-03-23 Multi-stage transistor amplifier for alternating voltages

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
DK99678A DK99678A (en) 1978-09-24
DK151752B true DK151752B (en) 1987-12-28
DK151752C DK151752C (en) 1988-06-27

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DK99678A DK151752C (en) 1977-03-23 1978-03-06 MULTI-STEP TRANSISTOR AMPLIFIER FOR AC POWER

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AT (1) AT374639B (en)
BE (1) BE865256A (en)
DE (1) DE2712680C2 (en)
DK (1) DK151752C (en)
NL (1) NL7803105A (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2558997B1 (en) * 1984-01-31 1989-02-03 Thomson Csf ELECTRIC SIGNAL GROUP PROPAGATION TIME CORRECTING AMPLIFIER AND INTERFERENCE FREQUENCY AMPLIFICATION CHAIN OF RADIO BEAMS INCLUDING SUCH AMPLIFIER
AT386303B (en) * 1986-07-31 1988-08-10 Akg Akustische Kino Geraete CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENT FOR CAPACITIVE VOLTAGE SOURCES HIGH OUTPUT IMPEDANCE, ESPECIALLY FOR CONDENSER MICROPHONES
US5241284A (en) * 1990-02-16 1993-08-31 Nokia Mobile Phones Ltd. Circuit arrangement for connecting RF amplifier and supply voltage filter
FI87027C (en) * 1990-02-16 1992-11-10 Nokia Mobile Phones Ltd Switching device for connecting RF amplifiers and operating voltage filters

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Publication number Publication date
DE2712680C2 (en) 1982-10-21
ATA162878A (en) 1983-09-15
DE2712680A1 (en) 1978-09-28
BE865256A (en) 1978-07-17
NL7803105A (en) 1978-09-26
DK151752C (en) 1988-06-27
AT374639B (en) 1984-05-10
DK99678A (en) 1978-09-24

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