DK150776B

DK150776B - PROCEDURE FOR TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL SIGNALS

Info

Publication number: DK150776B
Application number: DK415380AA
Authority: DK
Inventors: Hartmut Scheffler
Original assignee: Ant Nachrichtentech
Priority date: 1979-10-10
Filing date: 1980-10-01
Publication date: 1987-06-15
Also published as: IL61157A0; BR8006507A; ATA504180A; DK415380A; IL61157A; AT380758B; YU258980A; IT1133666B; DE2941077A1; DE2941077C2; IT8025086A0; DK150776C

Description

150776150776

Opfindelsen angår en fremgangsmåde til overføring af digitale signaler over en totrådsledning, hvilke signaler under mellemkobling af regeneratorer overføres fra en første station med sender og modtager til en anden 5 station med sender og modtager og i modsat retning over et informationskabels to korer, hvor de digitale signaler først opdeles i tidsmæssige signalafsnit, og hvor disse signalafsnit derefter komprimeres tidsmæssigt med en faktor større end 2 i forhold til deres oprindelige 10 rammelængde· Opfindelsen er navnlig bestemt til impuls-kodemodulation (PCM). De hidtil anvendte PCM-systemer arbejder efter firtråds-metoden, hvilket vil sige, at der skal forefindes en overføringsledning for begge overføringsretninger.The invention relates to a method for transmitting digital signals over a two-wire line, which signals during interconnection of regenerators are transmitted from a first station with transmitter and receiver to a second station with transmitter and receiver and in the opposite direction over the two cores of an information cable, wherein the digital signals are first divided into temporal signal sections and where these signal sections are then temporarily compressed by a factor greater than 2 relative to their original 10 frame length. The invention is particularly intended for pulse code modulation (PCM). The PCM systems used so far operate according to the four-wire method, which means that a transmission line must be provided for both transfer directions.

15 Hvis man over en totrådsledning med n regeneratorer vil sende et informationsafsnit med længden t fra en station 1 til. en station 2 og omvendt, skal der efter udsendelsen af informationen fra station 1 til station 2 forløbe et tidsrum T = η · τ + t (τ= lø-20 betiden i kablet mellem to forstærkere), inden den modsat rettede information kan sendes fra station 2 til station 1.15 If you want to send an information section of length t from a station 1 to over a two-wire line with n regenerators. a station 2 and vice versa, after transmitting the information from station 1 to station 2, a period of time T = η · τ + t (τ = the running time of the cable between two amplifiers) must elapse before the opposite directed information can be sent from station 2 to station 1.

Med henblik på at imødegå ulempen ved denne ekstremt lange rammetid T er der i tysk fremlæggelses-25 skrift nr. 23 62 855 beskrevet en fremgangsmåde, ved hvilken et informationsafsnit komprimeres til mindre end halvdelen af den oprindelige tid t (t<—^—), og derefter bliver 1. dette informationsafsnit afgivet til ledningen 30 fra station 1 til station 2 og 2. lagret i den første regenerators gren E1-S1, 3. det ligeledes komprimerede informationsafsnit, der skal overføres fra station 2 til station 1, afgivet over ledningen fra den anden til den 35 første regenerator,og 150776 2 .In order to counteract the disadvantage of this extremely long frame time T, German Proposition No. 23 62 855 discloses a method in which an information section is compressed to less than half of the original time t (t <- ^ -) and then 1. this information section is delivered to line 30 from station 1 to station 2 and 2. stored in branch E1-S1 of the first regenerator, 3. the equally compressed information section to be transferred from station 2 to station 1 is delivered over the lead from the second to the first regenerator, and 150776 2.

4. lagret i den første regenerators gren E2-S2.4. stored in the first regenerator branch E2-S2.

I den anden halvdel af den oprindelige tid t bliver da 1. regeneratorgrenene E1-S1 og E2-S2 omkoblet 5 (dvs. praktisk taget vendt med hensyn til deres funktionsretning), 2. det første informationsafsnit (1-2) afgivet til ledningen mellem den første og den anden regenerator, 10 3. det andet informationsafsnit (2-1) afgivet til ledningen mellem den første regenerator og station 1 osv.In the second half of the original time t, then the 1st regenerator branches E1-S1 and E2-S2 are switched 5 (i.e. practically reversed in their direction of operation), 2. the first information section (1-2) is provided to the line between the first and second regenerators, 3. the second information section (2-1) provided to the line between the first regenerator and station 1, etc.

Nu er den nødvendige rammelængde ikke længere T = η · τ + t, men τ + t.Now the required frame length is no longer T = η · τ + t, but τ + t.

15 Imidlertid kræves der ved denne fremgangsmåde på hver regeneratorstation to modtagere, to sendere og to lagre.However, this method requires at each regenerator station two receivers, two transmitters and two stores.

En forudsætning for funktionen er, at løbetiderne mellem regeneratorerne er ens på alle afsnit.A prerequisite for the function is that the running times between the regenerators are equal on all sections.

20 I det nævnte skrift er der således ingen angivelser af, hvordan regeneratorerne skal omkobles, hvis afsnittenes løbetider er forskellige.20 In the aforementioned script, there are no indications as to how the regenerators should be switched if the sections of the sections differ.

Opfindelsen har til opgave at angive en fremgangsmåde af den indledningsvis omhandlede art, som tillader 25 variable ledningslængder og kan realiseres med regeneratorer, der kun indeholder én modtager, én sender og ét lager.The object of the invention is to provide a method of the kind initially provided, which allows for 25 variable lead lengths and can be realized with regenerators containing only one receiver, one transmitter and one storage.

Denne opgave løses ved, at regeneratorstyringen udlægges således, at funktionerne "modtage", "lagre", 30 "udlæse" og "sende" kun er nødvendige én gang på samme tid. Mere detaljeret sker dette ved, at den nye rammelængde af et overføringstidsafsnit (T) omfatter den dobbelte tid for et signalafsnit plus den dobbelte maksimale løbetid mellem to regeneratorer, at ved over-35 føringstidsafsnittets begyndelse bliver det fra den første station sendte første signalafsnit efter regene- 150776 3 rering i en regenerators modtager uden tidsmæssig forsinkelse af denne regenerators sender overført til den anden station, at en styring i regeneratoren straks efter denne overføring af det første signalafsnit omkob-5 ler en omskifter til den modsatte overføringsretning, at regeneratorens sender straks overfører det forudgående, fra den anden station sendte og i et lager fastholdte andet signalafsnit til den første station, at regeneratorens modtager videreleder det efterfølgende, 10 med løbetiden forsinkede tredje signalafsnit fra den anden station til lageret, hvor det lagres indtil det følgende overføringstidsafsnit, og at styringen ved begyndelsen af det følgende overføringstidsafsnit igen omkobler omskifteren til den modsatte overføringsret-15 ning.This task is solved by interpreting the regenerator control so that the "receive", "store", "30" read "and" send "functions are only needed once at a time. In more detail, this occurs by the new frame length of a transmission time section (T) comprising the dual time of a signal section plus the double maximum run time between two regenerators, that at the beginning of the transmission time section, the first signal section sent after the rains is transmitted. - in a receiver of a regenerator without a delay in transmission of this regenerator to a second station, a control in the regenerator immediately after this transmission of the first signal section switches a switch to the opposite transmission direction, the transmitter of the regenerator immediately transmits the preceding second transmitted and retained second signal portion of the second station to the first station, the receiver of the regenerator forwards the subsequent 10 second delay signal portion of the second station to the storage where it is stored until the next transmission time portion, and that the control at the beginning of the following e transmission time section again switches the switch to the opposite transfer direction.

Ved denne overføring af informationer efter en tidsgaffelmetode bliver informationen fra station A til station B og omvendt fra station B til station A overført i tidsmultipleks over en totrådsledning. Et 20 overføringstidsafsnit T omfatter tiderne for signal-afsnittene A+B og B+A og den dobbelte maksimale løbetid τ χ mellem to regeneratorer.In this transfer of information according to a time fork method, the information from station A to station B and vice versa from station B to station A is transmitted in time multiplex over a two-wire line. A transmission time section T comprises the times of the signal sections A + B and B + A and the double maximum run time τ χ between two regenerators.

T = t + t 4 2 · τ A+B B->A max 25 Dette overføringstidsafsnit T er konstant, og derved muliggøres en enkel synkronisering af regeneratorfunktionen.T = t + t 4 2 · τ A + B B-> A max 25 This transmission time section T is constant, enabling simple synchronization of the regenerator function.

Fig. 1 viser et eksempel på en udførelse af en sådan tidsgaffel-regenerator.FIG. 1 shows an example of an embodiment of such a time fork regenerator.

30 Her betyder: E = modtager, S = sender, U = omskif ter, SP = lager, ST = styring.30 Here means: E = receiver, S = transmitter, U = switch, SP = stock, ST = control.

Omskifteren U omfatter ialt fire enkeltomskiftere U., - u4.The switch U comprises a total of four single switches U., - u4.

Enkeltomskifteren forbinder modtageren E's 35 indgang med totrådsledningen fra station A hhv. fra 4 150776 station B.The single switch connects the input of the receiver E to the two-wire line from station A respectively. from 4 150776 station B.

Enkeltomskifteren forbinder senderen S's udgang med totrådsledningen til station B hhv. til station A.The single switch connects the output of the transmitter S to the two-wire line to station B respectively. to station A.

5 Delomskifteren forbinder modtageren E's ud gang med lageret SP's indgang, og delomskifteren U4 forbinder lageret SP's udgang med senderen S's indgang, når modtageren modtager fra station B, og senderen sender til station A.5 The sub-switch connects the output of the receiver E to the input of the storage SP and the sub-switch U4 connects the output of the storage SP to the input of the transmitter S when the receiver receives from station B and the transmitter sends to station A.

10 Fig. 2 viser det tidsmæssige forløb af regenerator funktionerne eksemplificeret ved en regenerator, ved en maksimal løbetid Tmax mellem de tilgrænsende regeneratorer .FIG. 2 shows the temporal course of the regenerator functions exemplified by a regenerator, at a maximum run time Tmax between the adjacent regenerators.

Til de ved pile karakteriserede bånd er der knyttet 15 betegnelser for de enkelte afsnit. Det første ciffer betegner informationsafsnittets løbende nummer, mens det andet og det tredje bogstav betegner den retning, hvori informationsafsnittet overføres, og det følgende ciffer betegner den mellemregenerator, som dette informations-20 afsnit ligger over.The bands characterized by arrows are assigned 15 names for each section. The first digit denotes the current section of the information section, while the second and third letters denote the direction in which the information section is transmitted, and the following digit denotes the intermediate generator over which this information section is located.

1. ciffer 1 informationsafsnit 1 2 informationsafsnit 21st digit 1 information section 1 2 information section 2

2. +3. ciffer AB information fra A-B2. +3. digit AB information from A-B

BA information fra B-A 25 4. ciffer 1 regenerator 1 2 regenerator 2 3 regenerator 3BA information from B-A 25 4. digit 1 regenerator 1 2 regenerator 2 3 regenerator 3

Hvis informationsafsnittet ligger på regeneratorens indgang anvendes der små bogstaver, og hvis det ligger 30 på udgangen, anvendes der store bogstaver.If the information section is on the regenerator input, lower case letters are used, and if it is 30 on the output, upper case letters are used.

F.eks. er 1ab2 informationsafsnittet 1 fra station A til station B på regeneratoren 2's indgang.Eg. 1ab2 is the information section 1 from station A to station B at the input of regenerator 2.

Fig. 3 viser det tidsmæssige forløb af regeneratorfunktionen eksemplificeret ved en regenerator ved for-35 skellige løbetider mellem tilgrænsende regeneratorer.FIG. 3 shows the temporal course of the regenerator function exemplified by a regenerator at different maturities between adjacent regenerators.

Claims

The terms have the same meaning as in FIG.

2. The invention has the advantage that the signal sections for both transmission directions can be transmitted with one regenerator. The running time and thus the distance between the re-generators can be varied from zero to the maximum value τ max by means of the synchronization on the transmission time section T. from a first station (A) with transmitter and receiver to a second station (B) with transmitter and receiver and in the opposite direction over the two cores of an information cable, wherein the digital signals 15 are first divided into temporal signal sections and where these signal sections thereafter is compressed temporally by a factor greater than 2 relative to their original frame length, characterized by the new frame length of a transmission time section (T) '. 20 comprises the double time of a signal section plus the double maximum run time (τ) between two regenerators, that max at the beginning of the transmission time section (T) becomes the first signal section (A- + B) sent from the first station (A) after regeneration in a regenerators' 25 (e) transmit without delay the transmitter (S) of this regenerator transmitted to the second station (B) that a control (ST) of the regenerator switches immediately after this transmission of the first signal section (A - * - B) a switch (U) to the opposite transmission direction 30 (B-KA) that the transmitter of the regenerator immediately transmits the previous signal transmitted from the second station (B) and held in a storage (SP) second signal section (B - »- A) to the