DK149587B - METHOD OF MORANOLINE PREPARATION - Google Patents

METHOD OF MORANOLINE PREPARATION Download PDF

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DK149587B
DK149587B DK496378A DK496378A DK149587B DK 149587 B DK149587 B DK 149587B DK 496378 A DK496378 A DK 496378A DK 496378 A DK496378 A DK 496378A DK 149587 B DK149587 B DK 149587B
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Prior art keywords
nojirimycin
moranolin
preparation
moranoline
culture solution
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DK496378A
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Danish (da)
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DK149587C (en
DK496378A (en
Inventor
Shingo Matsumura
Hiroshi Enomoto
Yoshiaki Aoyagi
Yoji Ezure
Yoshiaki Yoshikuni
Masahiro Yagi
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Nippon Shinyaku Co Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D211/00Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings
    • C07D211/04Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
    • C07D211/06Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D211/36Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D211/40Oxygen atoms
    • C07D211/44Oxygen atoms attached in position 4
    • C07D211/46Oxygen atoms attached in position 4 having a hydrogen atom as the second substituent in position 4

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Hydrogenated Pyridines (AREA)
  • Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)

Description

149587 i149587 i

Den foreliggende opfindelse angår en særlig fremgangsmåde til fremstilling af moranolin (2-hydroxymetyl-3,4,5-tri-hydroxypiperidin) med formlenThe present invention relates to a particular process for the preparation of moranolin (2-hydroxymethyl-3,4,5-tri-hydroxypiperidine) of the formula

OHOH

H0-.-r^vr--JOHH0 -.- r ^ P - JOH

uxux

Jj CH2OHJ 2 CH 2 OH

Fremgangsmåden ifølge opfindelsen er ejendommelig ved det i patentkravets kendetegnende del anførte.The process according to the invention is characterized by the characterizing part of the claim.

Nærværende opfindere har tidligere som de første isoleret et stof med formel I ud fra morbærplanter (Morus) og en kinesisk medicin, en urtemedicin der går under betegnelsen "Soh-hakuhi" (rodbarken af morbær) som et naturligt forekommende stof, og de gav stoffet navnet "moranolin" (Yagi et al,The present inventors have previously isolated, as the first, a compound of formula I from mulberry plants (Morus) and a Chinese medicine, an herbal medicine known as "Soh-hakuhi" (the root bark of mulberry) as a naturally occurring substance, and they gave the substance the name "moranolin" (Yagi et al,

Journal of the Agricultural Chemical Society of Japan: vol 50, side 571 (1976)), og de viste at moranolin har en meget nyttig virkning som medicinsk produkt med hensyn til at inhi-bere forøgelse af blodsukker hos sukkerbelastede dyr. Der er senere foretaget yderligere undersøgelser med henblik på at finde frem til en fremgangsmåde til kommerciel fremstilling af stoffet moranolin, og som resultat heraf er det nu lykkedes at finde en meget fordelagtig fremgangsmåde til fremstilling af moranolin, hvilket er udtrykt ved den foreliggende opfindelse.Journal of the Agricultural Chemical Society of Japan: vol 50, page 571 (1976)), and they showed that moranolin has a very useful effect as a medical product in inhibiting blood sugar increase in sugar-laden animals. Further studies have subsequently been conducted to find a process for the commercial preparation of the substance moranolin, and as a result, it has now been found to find a very advantageous method for the preparation of moranolin, as expressed by the present invention.

Som fremgangsmåde til fremstilling af moranolin kendes der ud over ekstraktion fra Morus og andre planter kun reduktion af nojirimycin, der har formlenAs a method of producing moranolin, in addition to extraction from Morus and other plants, only reduction of nojirimycin having the formula is known

OHOH

HO--------OHOH HO --------

I I III I II

HO'^'g CH20HHO 2 CH 2 OH

et antibiotikum der frembringes af en slags actinomycet, ved hjælp af en platinkatalysator eller natriumborhydrid (Inoue et al, Tetrahedron, 23_, 2125 (1968)).an antibiotic produced by a kind of actinomycet, by means of a platinum catalyst or sodium borohydride (Inoue et al., Tetrahedron, 23, 2125 (1968)).

2 U95872 U9587

Fremstilling af nojirimycin ved gæring og rensning af dette stof er beskrevet i de japanske patentpublikationer nr. 760/1968 og 5033/1970, offentliggjort henholdsvis 11/1 1968 og 19/2 1970, og herfra er det kendt af nojirimycin er et yderst ustabilt stof og at sønderdeling indtræder selv under neutrale betingelser, samt at stoffet også let sønderdeles under sure betingelser. Det er derfor yderst vanskeligt at isolere nojirimycin fra en kulturopløsning deraf, og dé ovennævnte patentbeskrivelser angiver også at der hertil behøves mange besværlige operationer, herunder først og fremmest ionbytter-søjle-kromatografi, og at den største omhu udkræves herved; det anføres desuden at selv om der anvendes en rensningsmetode over et svovlsyrling-addukt, der har været anset for fordelagtigt, indtræder der dog tab på 50% eller derover i rensningstrinnet.Preparation of nojirimycin by fermentation and purification of this substance is disclosed in Japanese Patent Publications Nos. 760/1968 and 5033/1970, published 11/1 1968 and 19/2 1970, respectively, and from this it is known that nojirimycin is a highly unstable substance. and that decomposition occurs even under neutral conditions, and that the substance is also easily decomposed under acidic conditions. Therefore, it is extremely difficult to isolate nojirimycin from a culture solution thereof, and the aforementioned patent descriptions also indicate that many cumbersome operations are needed, including first and foremost ion exchange column chromatography, and that the utmost care is required; It is further stated that, although a purification method is used over a sulfur acid adduct which has been considered advantageous, however, losses of 50% or more occur in the purification step.

Hvad angår fremstilling af moranolin med formel I ud fra det resulterende rensede nojirimycin er udbyttet deraf yderligere kun 50% eller derunder, selv når der bruges en kostbar platinkatalysator. Som samlet resultat af disse kendsgerninger gælder det at hvis moranolin med formel I skal fremstilles ud fra nojirimycin med formel II fra en kulturopløsning, vil en sådan produktion kræve mange besværlige operationer og trin, og ikke desto mindre andrager det samlede udbytte kun 15-20%; det har derfor ikke været muligt at gennemføre en sådan fremgangsmåde som en kommerciel produktionsmetode.As for the preparation of moranoline of formula I from the resulting purified nojirimycin, its yield is still only 50% or less, even when an expensive platinum catalyst is used. As a general result of these facts, if moranolin of formula I is to be prepared from nojirimycin of formula II from a culture solution, such production will require many cumbersome operations and steps, and yet the total yield is only 15-20% ; it has therefore not been possible to carry out such a procedure as a commercial production method.

I forbindelse med den foreliggende opfindelse er der gjort undersøgelser for at finde en kommercielt fordelagtig produktionsmetode for moranolin, der er et nyttigt medicinsk produkt, og som følge heraf har det nu overraskende vist sig at det er muligt at fremstille moranolin i næsten kvantitativt udbytte, hvis man katalytisk reducerer en kulturopløsning fra dyrkning af en actinomycet og indeholdende nojirimycin som den er, hvorefter man behandler den resulterende reducerede kulturopløsning med en ionbytterharpiks. Som katalysator kan der fx anvendes en raneynikkel-katalysator.Som eksempler på andre egnede metalkatalysatorer kan der nævnes mangan, zink, kobolt, kobber og lignende metaller, men først og fremmest foretrækkes det at bruge raneynikkel. Fremgangsmåden ifølge opfindelsen er ikke blot fordelagtig ved at udbyttet af mora- 3 149587 nolin (I), regnet ud fra den mængde nojirimycin (II) der findes i mediet, med et slag forbedres til det femdobbelte af det der fås ved den konventionelle metode eller mere, men også at et antal besværlige trin til ekstraktion og isolation af nojirimycin undervejs bliver helt overflødige, og alligevel er det også muligt at forenkle operationerne til ekstraktion og rensning af slutproduktet i betydelig grad. Hvis nemlig nojirimycin ekstraheres fra dyrkningsopløsningen som det sker ved den konventionelle fremgangsmåde, vil næringsstoffer og stofskifteprodukter eller nedbrydningsprodukter af nojirimycin i mediet delvis gå med over i ekstrakten, hvorved isolering og rensning af nojirimycin vanskeliggøres, vanskeligheder der skal lægges til selve nojirimycinets ustabilitet. I modsætning hertil har det uventet vist sig at de inhiberende stoffer denatureres under reduktionsprocessen ifølge den foreliggende opfindelse, og når man udfører operationen med at ekstrahere og isolere moranolin fra den reducerede dyrkningsopløsning ved en ionbytterbehandling, indgår disse biprodukter næsten ikke i den resulterende ekstrakt. Selv om der skulle blive indblandet en ganske lille mængde biprodukter i ekstrakten, er det muligt let at udføre rensning ved saltdannelse med en almindelig mineralsyre eller en passende organisk syre på sædvanlig måde. I kraft af denne iagttagelse er der opnået en forenkling af fremgangsmåden til fremstilling af moranolin langt ud over hvad der kunne ventes, og i kombination med den kendsgerning at der opnås næsten kvantitativt udbytte af det ønskede stof er den foreliggende fremgangsmåde til fremstilling af moranolin kommercielt meget værdifuld.In the present invention, studies have been made to find a commercially advantageous production method for moranolin, which is a useful medical product, and as a result, it has now surprisingly been found that it is possible to produce moranolin in almost quantitative yield if catalytically, a culture solution is reduced from growing an actinomycet and containing nojirimycin as it is, and then the resulting reduced culture solution is treated with an ion exchange resin. As a catalyst, for example, a rane-nickel catalyst can be used. Examples of other suitable metal catalysts include manganese, zinc, cobalt, copper and similar metals, but first and foremost it is preferable to use rane-nickel. The process of the invention is not only advantageous in that the yield of moraine (I), calculated from the amount of nojirimycin (II) present in the medium, is improved by one stroke to five times that of the conventional method or more, but also that a number of cumbersome steps for extraction and isolation of nojirimycin along the way become completely superfluous, and yet it is also possible to significantly simplify the operations for extraction and purification of the final product. Namely, if nojirimycin is extracted from the culture solution as is the case with the conventional process, nutrients and metabolism products or degradation products of nojirimycin in the medium will partially join the extract, making the isolation and purification of nojirimycin more difficult, difficulties to be added to the nojirycin itself. In contrast, it has been unexpectedly found that the inhibitory substances are denatured during the reduction process of the present invention, and when performing the operation of extracting and isolating moranolin from the reduced culture solution by an ion exchange treatment, these by-products are hardly included in the resulting extract. Although a small amount of by-products should be incorporated into the extract, it is possible to perform purification by salt formation with a common mineral acid or an appropriate organic acid in the usual manner. Due to this observation, a simplification of the process for producing moranolin has been achieved far beyond what might be expected, and in combination with the fact that almost quantitative yield of the desired substance is obtained, the present process for producing moranolin is very commercially available. valuable.

Renheden af de omhandlede stoffer belyses nærmere ved tegningen, på hvilken fig. 1 viser et tyndlagskromatografi af råt moranolin vundet ved den fremgangsmåde der er beskrevet i omstående eksempel 1, mens fig. 2 viser et tyndlagskromatografi af råt nojirimycin vundet fra samme medium.The purity of the subject matter is illustrated in more detail in the drawing, in which FIG. 1 is a thin layer chromatography of crude moranolin obtained by the procedure described in the Example 1, while FIG. Figure 2 shows a thin layer chromatography of crude noirimycin obtained from the same medium.

I begge tilfælde var asorbenten silikagel, fremkalderopløsningsmidlet ætanol/vand/kloroform 4:2:1 og bestemmelsen 149587 4 skete ved hjælp af en hydrogenflamme-ioniseringsdetektor (syn-krograf fremstillet af Yatoron).,In both cases, the asorbent was silica gel, the developing solvent was ethanol / water / chloroform 4: 2: 1, and determination 149587 4 was performed by a hydrogen flame ionization detector (synchrograph manufactured by Yatoron).

Fig. 1 og 2 viser altså henholdsvis et tyndlagskroma-togram af moranolin vundet ved behandling på en ionbytterhar-piks som beskrevet i eksempel 1, og af råt nojirimycin vundet ved ekstraktion fra samme kulturopløsning ved den fremgangsmåde der er beskrevet i ovennævnte japanske patentpublikation nr. 760/1968. Fig. 2 viser at nojirimycin, der er prekursor for reduktionen til moranolin, er til stede i blanding med forskellige urenheder i betydelig mængde, der hæmmer ekstraktionen deraf. Derimod er moranolin vundet ved ekstraktion i henhold til opfindelsen næsten frit for urenheder som det ses af fig. 1.FIG. 1 and 2, respectively, show a thin-layer chromatogram of moranolin obtained by treatment on an ion exchange resin as described in Example 1, and of crude noirimycin obtained by extraction from the same culture solution by the method described in the aforementioned Japanese Patent Publication No. 760 / 1968th FIG. 2 shows that nojirimycin, which is the precursor of the reduction to moranolin, is present in admixture with various impurities in significant amount which inhibits its extraction. In contrast, moranoline obtained by extraction according to the invention is almost free of impurities as seen in FIG. First

Hvad angår den metalkatalysator der fortrinsvis anvendes ved fremgangsmåden, kan man med fordel bruge en hvilken som helst slags aktiveret nikkelkatalysator, men i almindelighed er kommercielt tilgængelige, industrielle raneynikkel-kataly-satorer tilstrækkelige.As for the metal catalyst preferably used in the process, any kind of activated nickel catalyst may be advantageously used, but in general commercially available industrial pure nickel catalysts are sufficient.

Fremgangsmåden ifølge opfindelsen skal i det følgende belyses nærmere ved nogle eksempler.The process according to the invention will now be described in more detail by some examples.

Eksempel 1Example 1

En nojirimycinproducerende actinomycet af slægten Strep-tomyces podes i 5 liter flydende medium indeholdende 2% stivelse, 1% sojabønnepulver, 0,05% KC1, 0,05% MgSO^^^O, 0,5%A nojirimycin-producing actinomycet of the genus Strep-tomyces is seeded in 5 liters of liquid medium containing 2% starch, 1% soybean powder, 0.05% KCl, 0.05% MgSO

NaCl og 0,35% CaCO^, og der udføres rysteinkubering ved 27°C i 3 timer under luftning. Efter fuldførelse af inkubering tilsættes der.500 g filterhjælp ("High-Flow Super-Cell") efterfulgt af filtrering, hvorved der vindes 4,4 liter filtrat.NaCl and 0.35% CaCO 2, and shake incubation is performed at 27 ° C for 3 hours under aeration. After completion of incubation, 500 g of filter aid ("High-Flow Super-Cell") is added, followed by filtration to obtain 4.4 liters of filtrate.

Indholdet af nojirimycin i dette filtrat var 500 μg/ml, bestemt ved en biologisk bestemmelsesmåde under anvendelse af S-gluko-sidase (Niwa et al, Agr. Biol. Chem. 34^, 966, 1970).The content of nojirimycin in this filtrate was 500 µg / ml, determined by a biological assay using S-glucosidase (Niwa et al, Agr. Biol. Chem. 34 ^, 966, 1970).

Til S00 ml af denne kulturopløsning sættes ca. 10 ml kommercielt tilgængeligt industrielt raneynikkel og der udføres omrøring i en strøm af hydrogen ved stuetemperatur og under atmosfæretryk. På 6 timer absorberes der ca. 200 ml hydrogengas, hvorefter absorptionen standses. Katalysatoren fra- 149587 5 skilles ved filtrering og det resulterende filtrat føres gen- (r) nem en kolonne indeholdende^300 ml "Dowex" ^ 1 x 2 (OH-formen), og den resulterende effluent føres gennem en kolonne indeholdende 200 ml "Dowex" ®50W x 4 (H-formen). Kolonnen vaskes med 2 liter vand efterfulgt af eluering af de åsorberede stoffer med 0,5%s ammoniakvand. Det resulterende eluat koncentreres og inddampes til tørhed under nedsat tryk, og der vindes lyse gulbrune krystaller. Udbytte 280 mg. Tyndlagskromatogram-met for dette produkt er som nævnt vist i fig. 1. Omkrystallisation fra metanol giver 218 mg renset moranolin. Smp.: 203-205°C, [a]^4 = 44,6° (vand). Udbytte 87%.To S00 ml of this culture solution is added approx. 10 ml of commercially available industrial pure nickel and stirring is carried out in a stream of hydrogen at room temperature and under atmospheric pressure. In 6 hours, approx. 200 ml of hydrogen gas, after which absorption is stopped. The catalyst is separated by filtration and the resulting filtrate is passed through a column containing ^ 300 ml of "Dowex" 1 x 2 (OH form) and the resulting effluent is passed through a column containing 200 ml Dowex "® 50W x 4 (H-shape). The column is washed with 2 liters of water followed by elution of the adsorbed with 0.5% s of ammonia water. The resulting eluate is concentrated and evaporated to dryness under reduced pressure, and pale yellow-brown crystals are obtained. Yield 280 mg. The thin layer chromatogram for this product is, as mentioned in FIG. 1. Recrystallization from methanol gives 218 mg of purified moranolin. Mp: 203-205 ° C, [.alpha.] @ 4 = 44.6 ° (water). Yield 87%.

Eksempel 2Example 2

Til 360 ml filtrat, indeholdende 500 μg/ml nojirimycin, fra en kultur af en nojirimycin-producerende actimycet, vundet på samme måde som beskrevet i første afsnit af eksempel 1, sættes der 50 mg 5% Pd/C og blandingen omrøres natten over i en hydrogenstrøm ved stuetemperatur og normaltryk. Katalysatoren fjernes ved filtrering og filtratet behandles som beskrevet i eksempel 1 til frembringelse af 149 mg rent moranolin. Udbytte 83%.To 360 ml of filtrate, containing 500 μg / ml nojirimycin, from a culture of a nojirimycin-producing actimycet, obtained in the same manner as described in the first section of Example 1, add 50 mg of 5% Pd / C and stir the mixture overnight. a hydrogen flow at room temperature and normal pressure. The catalyst is removed by filtration and the filtrate is treated as described in Example 1 to give 149 mg of pure moranolin. Yield 83%.

. Eksempel 3. Example 3

Til 500 ml kulturfiltrat fra dyrkning af en nojirimycin-producerende actinomycet, vundet på den i første afsnit af eksempel 1 beskrevne måde og indeholdende 500 μg/ml nojirimycin, sættes der 10 mg platinsort. Blandingen omrøres natten over i en hydrogenstrøm ved stuetemperatur og normaltryk, hvorpå den behandles som beskrevet i eksempel 1 til frembringelse af 170 mg moranolin.To 500 ml of culture filtrate from culture of a nojirimycin-producing actinomycet, obtained in the manner described in the first section of Example 1 and containing 500 μg / ml nojirimycin, add 10 mg of platinum. The mixture is stirred overnight in a hydrogen stream at room temperature and normal pressure and then treated as described in Example 1 to produce 170 mg of moranolin.

DK496378A 1977-11-10 1978-11-08 METHOD OF MORANOLINE PREPARATION DK149587C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP13550577A JPS5927336B2 (en) 1977-11-10 1977-11-10 Moranoline production method
JP13550577 1977-11-10

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Publication Number Publication Date
DK496378A DK496378A (en) 1979-05-11
DK149587B true DK149587B (en) 1986-08-04
DK149587C DK149587C (en) 1987-02-02

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JP (1) JPS5927336B2 (en)
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DK149587C (en) 1987-02-02
DK496378A (en) 1979-05-11
JPS5927336B2 (en) 1984-07-05
JPS5470281A (en) 1979-06-05
BE871859A (en) 1979-03-01

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