DK144574B - PIPE WITH WEIGHT COVER - Google Patents
PIPE WITH WEIGHT COVER Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DK144574B DK144574B DK367876AA DK367876A DK144574B DK 144574 B DK144574 B DK 144574B DK 367876A A DK367876A A DK 367876AA DK 367876 A DK367876 A DK 367876A DK 144574 B DK144574 B DK 144574B
- Authority
- DK
- Denmark
- Prior art keywords
- pipe
- reinforcement
- pipe piece
- concrete
- joints
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L9/00—Rigid pipes
- F16L9/14—Compound tubes, i.e. made of materials not wholly covered by any one of the preceding groups
- F16L9/153—Compound tubes, i.e. made of materials not wholly covered by any one of the preceding groups comprising only layers of metal and concrete with or without reinforcement
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Rigid Pipes And Flexible Pipes (AREA)
Description
iin
U457AU457A
Opfindelsen angår et rørstykke, der er beregnet til at blive svejset i forlængelse af andre rørstykker til dannelse af en rørledning, og hvilket rørstykke har et tyngdeovertræk af beton med en armering af forud for betonens hærdning for-5 spændte formstofreb og/eller -måtter med rundtgående og langsgående strenge.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention This invention relates to a pipe section which is intended to be welded in extension of other pipe sections to form a pipeline, and which pipe section has a gravity coating of concrete with a reinforcement of pre-tensioned molding ropes and / or mats with circular and longitudinal strings.
I det tyske patentskrift nr. 2.214.155 er det blevet foreslået at anvende formstofreb eller -tove og/eller formstof-måtter i stedet for en stålarmering med henblik på at undgå 10 ødelæggelse af det fremstillede rørs formstofbelægning, som tjener til katodisk beskyttelse af røret, og med henblik på at gøre armeringen korrosionsfast. Disse betonklædninger for rørstykker med forspændt armering af formstofreb eller -tove har allerede bestået sin prøve ved udlægning af rørled-15 ninger på land og på grundt vand. I disse tilfælde tjener betonklædningen til at beskytte røret imod mekaniske påvirkninger og også som ballast mod opdrift. På grund af de store bøjningsbelastninger, som opstår ved udlægning ud for kyster og på fastlandssokler på dybt vand (i de såkaldte "off-shore"-20 farvande), er de hidtil kendte betonklædninger med en af formstofreb bestående forspændt armering ikke anvendelige til dette formål. Den kendte metode til udlægning af rørledninger ud for kyster og på fastlandssokler omfatter, at der på land først anbringes en betonklædning på stålrørstykker med læng-25 der på 10-12 m. Et antal af disse præfabrikerede stålrørstykker sammensvejses derpå på land til strenge med samlede længder på op til omtrent 50 m, hvorpå der anbringes beton uden på svejsestederne. Herefter overføres strengene til udlægningsfartøjer, som transporterer dem til udlægningsstedet, 30 hvor de sammensvejses med enden af den allerede udlagte rørledning, hvorpå svejsefugen dækkes med beton?og den pågældende rørstreng udlægges. Hidtil er sådan udlægning af rørledninger blevet foretaget på vanddybder på omtrent 300 m, men målet er i nær fremtid at kunne komme ned til 1000 meters dybde. Når 35 rørledningen nedsænkes under udlægningen, udsættes de pågældende rørstykker for meget høje bøjningsbelastninger, og her- U4574 2 under kan der opstå bøjningsradier på 750 m eller endnu mindre. Dette medfører en kraftig påvirkning af de pågældende rørstykker, og når den maksimale bøjningsstyrke overskrides, overtages hele belastningen af stålrøret og forde-5 les over dettes fulde tværsnit. Herved deformeres stålrøret, så det bliver ovalt, hvilket på sin side medfører, at betonbeklædningen sprænges løs. Afsprængninger af denne art, som indtræder forholdsvis hyppigt, nødvendiggør meget kostbare reparationsarbejder, som skal udføres af dykkere under 10 vand. Dette medfører en betydelig forringelse af udlægningsydelsen. Hertil kommer, at rørstykket også udsættes for ekstra belastning på grund af bølgegang, strømning og udlægningsfartøjets slingrebevægelser.In German Patent No. 2,214,155, it has been proposed to use plastic ropes or ropes and / or plastic mats in place of a steel reinforcement in order to avoid destruction of the plastic coating of the manufactured pipe, which serves for cathodic protection of the pipe. , and with a view to making the reinforcement corrosion resistant. These concrete claddings for pipe sections with prestressed reinforcement of plastic ropes or ropes have already passed their test when laying pipelines on land and on shallow water. In these cases, the concrete cladding serves to protect the pipe against mechanical stresses and also as a ballast against buoyancy. Due to the large bending loads that occur when laying off shores and on continental shelves in deep water (in the so-called "off-shore" -20 waters), the previously known concrete cladding with a reinforced reinforced reinforcement rope is not suitable for this purpose. purpose. The known method for laying pipelines offshore and on continental shelves involves first placing a concrete covering on steel pipes with lengths of 10-12 m on land. A number of these prefabricated steel pipes are then welded on land to strings with total lengths of up to about 50 m, whereupon concrete is placed outside at the welding sites. The strings are then transferred to laying vessels which transport them to the place of laying, 30 where they are welded to the end of the already laid pipe, on which the welded joint is covered with concrete and the relevant pipe string is laid. So far, such laying of pipelines has been carried out at water depths of approximately 300 meters, but the goal is to reach a depth of 1000 meters in the near future. When the 35 pipeline is submerged during laying, the relevant pipelines are subjected to very high bending loads, and under this bending radii of 750 m or even less can occur. This results in a strong influence on the relevant pipe pieces and when the maximum bending strength is exceeded, the entire load of the steel pipe is taken over and distributed over its full cross-section. In this way, the steel pipe is deformed to become oval, which in turn causes the concrete cladding to break loose. Bursts of this kind, which occur relatively frequently, necessitate very costly repair work to be undertaken by divers under 10 waters. This results in a significant reduction in the laying-out performance. In addition, the pipe piece is also subjected to additional load due to corrugation, flow and the winding movements of the laying vessel.
Fra det norske patentskrift nr. 135.687 kendes en rørledning 15 til undersøisk udlægning og med en betonkappe, der med passende afstande har rundtgående fuger. Betonkappen er mellem fugerne forsynet med en armering af stålnet, hvis langsgående stænger er afbrudt ved fugerne. Denne armering er således ikke i stand til at optage bøjningskræfter ved nedbøjning un-20 der udlægningen, hvorfor den samlede bøjningskraft skal optages af selve det indre stålrør. Derved opstår der ved denne kendte rørledning de samme problemer som ovenfor anført.From Norwegian Patent Specification No. 135,687, a pipeline 15 is known for subsea laying and with a concrete sheath having at appropriate distances circumferential joints. The concrete casing is provided between the joints with a reinforcement of steel mesh, whose longitudinal rods are interrupted at the joints. Thus, this reinforcement is not capable of absorbing bending forces during deflection during laying, so the total bending force must be absorbed by the inner steel pipe itself. This causes the same problems as mentioned above in this known pipeline.
Formålet med den foreliggende opfindelse er at tilvejebringe et rørstykke af den indledningsvis angivne art, der har en 25 betonkappe, som kan optage de kraftige belastninger under udlægning på dybt vand, og derved får et væsentligt større anvendelsesområde end de hidtil kendte rørledninger.The object of the present invention is to provide a pipe piece of the type mentioned in the beginning, which has a concrete sheath which can absorb the heavy loads during deep water application, and thus has a significantly wider field of application than the previously known pipelines.
Dette opnås med rørstykket ifølge opfindelsen, der er ejendommeligt ved, at betonkappen har med indbyrdes afstand lig-30 gende fuger, der som cirkelringudsnit strækker sig ind til rørstykket langs de dele af overtrækkets omkreds, der ved rørledningens udlægning er indrettet til at danne dens over- og underside, medens der langs hver af de ubrudte sidedele er anbragt en i siksak forløbende, yderligere armering af form-35 stofreb.This is achieved with the pipe piece according to the invention, characterized in that the concrete casing has spaced apart joints which, as a circular ring section, extend into the pipe piece along the parts of the perimeter of the coating which are arranged at the pipe laying to form its surface. - and underside, while further zigzagging is provided along each of the unbroken side portions, further reinforcement of molding rope.
3 1445743 144574
Ved denne udformning opnås den væsentlige fordel, at trækspændingszonen ved en kraftig bøjningspåvirkning vil være betydeligt forstærket, og det forhindrer, at betonkappen afsprænges fra selve røret. Ved hjælp af fugen udnyttes stål-5 rørets elasticitet fuldt ud, medens den siksakformede armering forhindrer en afsprængning. Fugens vægge styres indbyrdes ved hjælp af de gennemgående armeringsorganer. Revnedannelser, som ikke kan forhindres, finder sted i fugezonen uden at medføre skader. Betonklædningen bibeholdes som et 10 "støttekorset" og forhindrer, at stålrøret knækker eller får buler. Derfor er det ved denne udformning også muligt at anvende forspændte formstofarmeringer til fremstilling af betonklædninger for rørledninger, som skal udlægges ud for kyster og på fastlandssokler under store belastninger på dybt 15 vand. Ved anvendelse af formstofarmering opnås navnlig, at den katodiske beskyttelse kan bibeholdes, idet beskadigelser på stålrørets beskyttelseskappe af formstof er undgået.In this embodiment, the essential advantage is obtained that the tensile stress zone will be considerably strengthened by a strong bending effect, and this prevents the concrete casing from being ruptured from the pipe itself. With the aid of the joint, the elasticity of the steel tube is fully utilized, while the zigzag reinforcement prevents bursting. The walls of the joint are mutually controlled by the through reinforcing means. Cracks that cannot be prevented take place in the joint zone without causing damage. The concrete cladding is retained as a "support cross" and prevents the steel pipe from cracking or dents. Therefore, in this design, it is also possible to use prestressed plastic reinforcements for the manufacture of concrete cladding for pipelines to be laid off shores and on continental shelves under heavy loads of deep water. In particular, the use of plastic reinforcement ensures that the cathodic protection can be maintained, as damage to the protective tube of the steel pipe is avoided.
I en foretrukken udførelsesform for rørstykket ifølge opfindelsen har det vist sig fordelagtigt, at fugerne strækker 20 sig i en vinkel på ca. 60° til begge sider for en plan gennem rørstykkets akse, og at disse fuger på i og for sig kendt måde er udfyldt med fugefyldsegmenter af et elastisk formstof. Det har vist sig, at rørledningen herved opnår den mest hensigtsmæssige smidighed til udlægning på større havdybder.In a preferred embodiment of the pipe piece according to the invention, it has been found advantageous for the joints to extend at an angle of approx. 60 ° to both sides for a plane through the axis of the pipe piece, and that these joints are filled in a manner known per se with joint fill segments of an elastic resin. It has been found that the pipeline thereby achieves the most convenient agility for laying out at greater depths of the sea.
25 Det har også vist sig hensigtsmæssigt, at hver af de på sidedelene anbragte, i siksak forløbende armeringer dækker en vinkel på ca. 120° af rørstykkets omkreds. Herved opnås en forstærkning af rørstykkets sideområder, hvorved en afskalning af betonen forhindres.25 It has also been found desirable that each of the zigzag extending reinforcements on the side members cover an angle of approx. 120 ° of the pipe circumference. This provides a reinforcement of the side areas of the pipe piece, thereby preventing the peeling of the concrete.
30 Endelig kan denne armering ifølge opfindelsen yderligere forstærkes ved, at den i siksak forløbende armering består af parvis hinanden krydsende formstofreb, som med deres ender er fastgjort til den forspændte armerings rundtgående eller langsgående strenge og i deres krydsningsområde er forbundet 35 indbyrdes ved hjælp af klemmer.Finally, this reinforcement according to the invention can be further reinforced by the fact that the zig-zag reinforcement consists of pairs of intersecting plastic ropes which are fixed at their ends to the circumferential or longitudinal strands of the prestressed reinforcement and are interconnected by means of clamps in their crossing region. .
U4576 4U4576 4
Opfindelsen skal i det følgende forklares nærmere under henvisning til det på tegningen viste udførelseseksempel på et rørstykke med tyngdeovertræk ifølge opfindelsen, idet fig. 1 set ovenfra viser en med en betonklædning udstyret 5 rørledning, idet visse dele i den højre del af fi guren er fjernet for at gøre det lettere at se opbygningen, fig. 2 er et snit efter linien II-II i fig. 1, idet betonmassen er udeladt i figurens højre halvdel, og 10 fig. 3 viser den højre del af det i fig. 1 viste rør med beklædning, men set fra siden.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS In the following, the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the embodiment shown in the drawing of a weight-coated pipe piece according to the invention, fig. 1 is a top view of a pipe fitted with a concrete cladding, some parts of the right part of the figure being removed to make it easier to see the structure; 2 is a section along line II-II of FIG. 1, the concrete mass being omitted in the right half of the figure, and fig. 3 shows the right part of the one shown in FIG. 1 shown with casing but viewed from the side.
Det for en rørledning bestemte rør 1 er forsynet med en ikke vist formstofkappe eller -beklædning. Betonkappen 2 er udstyret med en ydre og en indre forspændt armering af formstof-15 reb eller -tove. Den ydre armering består af ydre længdestrenge 3 og ydre ringstrenge 4, medens den indre armering består af indre længdestrenge 5 og indre ringstrenge 6.The pipe 1 determined for a pipeline is provided with a plastic cover or casing not shown. The concrete sheath 2 is equipped with an outer and an inner prestressed reinforcement of plastic ropes or ropes. The outer reinforcement consists of outer longitudinal strings 3 and outer ring strings 4, while the inner reinforcement consists of inner longitudinal strings 5 and inner ring strings 6.
Yderligere omfatter armeringen - som det vil kunne ses af fig. 3 - på begge sider ekstra siksakstrenge 7, som danner 20 en yderligere siksakformet armering på siderne. I det viste udførelseseksempel er siksakstrengene 7 fastgjort parvis og med deres midterste dele til de ydre længde- og ringstrenge 3 henholdsvis 4 ved hjælp af klemmer 8. De reb eller tove, der udgør armeringsstrengene, støttes som angivet i tysk patent-25 skrift nr. 2.214.155 ved hjælp af særlige støtteorganer, og længde s trengene 3 henholdsvis 5 forspændes. Efter anbringelse af forskallingen indføres betonstøbemassen.Further, the reinforcement - as will be seen in FIG. 3 - on both sides, additional zigzag strings 7, which form a further zigzag-shaped reinforcement on the sides. In the illustrated embodiment, the zigzag strings 7 are fixed in pairs and with their middle portions to the outer longitudinal and annular strings 3 and 4, respectively, by clamps 8. The ropes or ropes constituting the reinforcing strands are supported as disclosed in German patent specification no. 2,214,155 by means of special support means and the length of the needles 3 and 5 respectively is biased. After applying the formwork, the concrete casting mass is introduced.
Betonkappen 2 er endvidere i sit nedre og øvre område udformet med fuger 9, som - alt efter rørets dimensioner og den 30 foreliggende betonkappes tykkelse - ligger med indbyrdes afstande på mellem 1,5 og 3 m. Fugerne 9 dannes ved hjælp af ringsektorformede fugefyldstykker 10, som kan bestå af et egnet formstof, f.eks. polystyren. I fugefyldstykkerne 10 er der udformet huller 11 til gennemføring af længdestrengene 3 og 5.The concrete sheath 2 is furthermore formed in its lower and upper area with joints 9, which - depending on the dimensions of the pipe and the thickness of the present concrete sheath - are spaced apart between 1.5 and 3 m. The joints 9 are formed by means of annular sector-shaped joint fillers 10 which may consist of a suitable resin, e.g. polystyrene. Holes 11 are provided in the joint filler pieces 10 for carrying the length strands 3 and 5.
35 Som det navnlig fremgår af fig. 2, strækker fugerne 9 sig fra betonkappens top til dennes bund og til begge sider i en vin-35 As can be seen in particular from FIG. 2, the joints 9 extend from the top of the concrete sheath to its bottom and to both sides of a wine bar.
Claims (4)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE2631843 | 1976-07-15 | ||
DE19762631843 DE2631843C2 (en) | 1976-07-15 | Concrete coating for pipelines |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DK367876A DK367876A (en) | 1978-01-16 |
DK144574B true DK144574B (en) | 1982-03-29 |
DK144574C DK144574C (en) | 1982-09-13 |
Family
ID=5983098
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DK367876A DK144574C (en) | 1976-07-15 | 1976-08-13 | PIPE WITH WEIGHT COVER |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
AT (1) | AT353065B (en) |
DK (1) | DK144574C (en) |
FR (1) | FR2358607A1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB1548690A (en) |
NL (1) | NL178351C (en) |
NO (1) | NO148758C (en) |
-
1976
- 1976-08-13 DK DK367876A patent/DK144574C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1976-08-17 NL NLAANVRAGE7609115,A patent/NL178351C/en active Search and Examination
- 1976-08-30 NO NO762977A patent/NO148758C/en unknown
- 1976-11-03 GB GB45812/76A patent/GB1548690A/en not_active Expired
-
1977
- 1977-06-06 AT AT398877A patent/AT353065B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-07-13 FR FR7721630A patent/FR2358607A1/en active Granted
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NL7609115A (en) | 1978-01-17 |
NO148758B (en) | 1983-08-29 |
AT353065B (en) | 1979-10-25 |
NL178351B (en) | 1985-10-01 |
NL178351C (en) | 1986-03-03 |
FR2358607B1 (en) | 1983-10-07 |
DK367876A (en) | 1978-01-16 |
FR2358607A1 (en) | 1978-02-10 |
NO148758C (en) | 1983-12-07 |
GB1548690A (en) | 1979-07-18 |
ATA398877A (en) | 1979-03-15 |
DK144574C (en) | 1982-09-13 |
NO762977L (en) | 1978-01-17 |
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