DK141940B

DK141940B - Spreading device for placing the load on a truck.

Info

Publication number: DK141940B
Application number: DK604572A
Authority: DK
Inventors: Willy Kuepper
Original assignee: Weisser Hubert Kg
Priority date: 1969-07-18
Filing date: 1972-12-04
Publication date: 1980-07-21
Also published as: DK141940C

Description

141940141940

Opfindelsen angår et spredeapparat af den i indledningen til krav 1 angivne art.The invention relates to a spreading apparatus of the kind set forth in the preamble of claim 1.

Der kendes spredeapparater af denne art, hvor to forskellige spredematerialer eksempelvis salt og urea, opbevares hver for sig i to adskilte beholdere. Spredema-terialerne udtages ved hjælp af en fælles transportsnegl, som drives af en hydraulisk motor. Denne motor reguleres af en i afhængighed af køretøjets kørehastig-hed styret gennemløbsregulator, eksempelvis en mængde-reguleringsventil. Apparatet er endvidere udstyret med hydraulisk drevne spredetallerkener, hvis hydrauliske motorer kan indstilles til forskellige omdrejningstal ved hjælp af en drosselventil. De hydrauliske motorer drives hver for sig af hydraulikpumper, som drives af en fælles forbrændingsmotor. For især at kunne udsprede dyre spredematerialer, såsom calciumchlorid, sparsomt og med mindst muligt spild, har man udrustet den tilhørende beholder med en doseringsindretning, hvormed det er muligt nøjagtigt at indstille materialets mængdeandel i den udspredte blanding.Spreaders of this kind are known, in which two different spreading materials, for example salt and urea, are stored separately in two separate containers. The spreading materials are removed by means of a common conveyor auger driven by a hydraulic motor. This motor is controlled by a flow regulator, which is controlled in dependence on the vehicle's speed, for example a quantity control valve. The apparatus is furthermore equipped with hydraulically operated spreading discs, whose hydraulic motors can be set to different speeds by means of a throttle valve. The hydraulic motors are driven separately by hydraulic pumps, which are driven by a common internal combustion engine. In particular, in order to disperse expensive dispersing materials, such as calcium chloride, sparingly and with the least possible waste, the associated container has been equipped with a dispensing device, which makes it possible to precisely adjust the amount of material of the material in the dispersed mixture.

Ønsker man kun udspredt det ene spredemateriale alene, muliggør apparatet kun udspredning fra den beholder, som ikke er udstyret med doseringsindretning, dvs. beholderen med det billige spredemateriale. Dette er en følge af, at den pågældende beholder står i direkte forbindelse med transportsneglen. Hvis man tænkte sig, til løsning af dette problem, at udstyre begge beholdere med en doseringsindretning, ville det alligevel ikke være muligt at skifte om fra det ene spredemateriale til det andet uden en kortvarig afbrydelse af udspredningen.If one wishes to disperse only one spreading material alone, the apparatus only allows spreading from the container which is not equipped with a dispensing device, ie. the container with the cheap spread material. This is a consequence of the container in question being directly connected to the transport auger. If, for the purpose of solving this problem, it was envisaged to equip both containers with a dosing device, it would nevertheless not be possible to switch from one spreading material to another without a brief interruption of the spreading.

Fra beskrivelsen til tysk brugsmønster 1.940.144 kendes et spredeapparat med to adskilte strømateriale-beholdere, som hver er udstyret med en endeløs transportør, eksempelvis et transportbånd, og en spredetallerken. Apparatet muliggør alene en samtidig udspredning af to forskellige strømaterialer, uden at man nødvendigvis skal sammenblande disse to materialer inden 141940 2 udspredningen, dvs. man undgår at skulle medbringe materialerne i sammenblandet tilstand i apparatet.From the description to German usage pattern 1,940,144 is known a spreading apparatus with two separate stream material containers, each equipped with an endless conveyor, for example a conveyor belt, and a spreading plate. The apparatus only allows for simultaneous spreading of two different stream materials, without necessarily having to mix these two materials before spreading, ie. avoiding having to bring the materials in the mixed state into the apparatus.

De to adskilte beholdere kan omskabes til en enkelt beholder ved fjernelse af en skillevæg. Derved vil de to transportører blive tilført samme strømateriale.The two separate containers can be transformed into a single container by removing a partition. Thereby the two conveyors will be supplied with the same current material.

De to spredetallerkener kan fungere samtidig eller hver for sig. Ønskes kun den ene spredetallerken benyttet, må de to beholdere nødvendigvis være sammensluttet til én stor beholder, hvis apparatets fulde kapacitet, med hensyn til medbragt strømateriale, skal udnyttes. I så tilfælde kan der kun medbringes og udspredes et strømateriale. En mulighed for valgfrit at omskifte fra den ene spredetallerken til den anden, dvs. for til stadighed at udsprede et af to medbragte strømaterialer i afhængighed af skiftende vejforhold,eksisterer ikke med apparatet.The two spreading discs can function simultaneously or separately. If only the one spreading plate is used, the two containers must necessarily be connected to one large container if the full capacity of the apparatus, with regard to the carrying material, is to be utilized. In that case, only one stream material can be carried and spread. An option to optionally switch from one spreading plate to another, ie. to continuously disperse one of two entrained stream materials in response to changing road conditions does not exist with the apparatus.

Som bekendt har det som tønsteriale anvædte billige kalisalt og også det noget dyrere calciumchlorid en meget kraftig korroderende virkning. Man har således opdaget, at materialerne ikke blot angriber metalliske dele, eksempelvis metalliske brogelændere på vejbroer, men også vejbelægningen. For at undgå disse uheldige virkninger, er man begyndt at strø urea i stedet for det sædvanlige tøsalt på særligt udsatte steder, eksempelvis vejbroer, idet urea ikke virker i samme grad korroderende. Urea er imidlertid væsentligt dyrere end de ellers sædvanligt benyttede tøsalte og skal derfor udspredes yderst sparsomt og kun på de steder, hvor det absolut er påkrævet.As you know, cheap potassium salt, and also the somewhat more expensive calcium chloride, has a very strong corrosive effect. Thus, it has been discovered that the materials not only attack metallic parts, for example metallic bridges on road bridges, but also the road surface. In order to avoid these unfortunate effects, urea has been sprayed instead of the usual brine at particularly exposed places, such as road bridges, since urea does not appear to be corrosive to the same extent. Urea, however, is considerably more expensive than the otherwise commonly used salts and must therefore be spread very sparingly and only in the places where it is absolutely necessary.

Formålet med den foreliggende opfindelse er at anvise et spredeapparat, som muliggør en separat udspredning af eksempelvis urea ved passage af broer og lignende for korrosion særligt udsatte steder, medens man før og efter disse steder, og uden standsning af køretøjet, skal kunne skifte over til et mindre kostbart strømateriale, eksempelvis et indtil nu almindeligt anvendt tømateriale. BLandfc andet som følge af, at faren for islag på vejbroer er væsentlig større end på andre nor- 3 141940 male vejstrækninger, skal spredeapparatet være let og hurtigt at regulere og omstille fra førerhuset under fart, således at ændringer i apparatets funktion kan ske uden standsninger,og således at spredemængden og -arten stadig kan tilpasses varierende vejforhold og varierende kørselshastigheder. Eksempelvis er det ønskeligt at kunne udsprede strømateriale i konstant mængde pr; arealenhed, dvs. at styre spredeapparatet i afhængighed af kørselshastigheden.The object of the present invention is to provide a spreading device which allows a separate spreading of, for example, urea by passage of bridges and the like for particularly vulnerable places, while before and after these places, and without stopping the vehicle, it should be possible to switch to a less expensive stream material, for example a hitherto commonly used timber material. Due to the fact that the risk of impact on road bridges is considerably greater than on other normal sections of the road, the spreading device must be easy and quick to regulate and adjust from the cab during speed, so that changes in the operation of the device can occur without stopping. , and so that the spread and species can still be adapted to varying road conditions and varying driving speeds. For example, it is desirable to be able to disperse stream material at a constant amount per; area unit, i.e. to control the spreader depending on the speed of travel.

Den stillede opgave løses ifølge opfindelsen med et spredeapparat af den i krav 1 angivne konstruktion.The set task is solved according to the invention with a spreading apparatus of the construction according to claim 1.

Med dette apparat er det muligt at opnå en praktisk kontinuerlig, dvs. opholdsfri overgang ved skifx fra et strømateriale til et andet, alene ved betjening af en omskifterkontakt, og samtidig opnå den mest økonomiske udspredning^specielt når det ene strømateriale urea eller et lignende kostbart tømateriale. I den forbindelse er det særligt hensigtsmæssigt, at sprede-tallerkenerne til begge beholderne styres og drives fra samme regulator, henholdsvis hydraulikmotor, således at apparatet ikke alene bliver enkelt at betjene, men også billigt at fremstille.With this apparatus it is possible to obtain a practically continuous, ie. residence-free transition by shifting from one feedstock to another, only by operating a switch contact, and at the same time achieving the most economical spread, especially when one feedstock is urea or a similar costly feedstock. In this connection, it is particularly desirable that the spreading discs for both containers be controlled and operated from the same regulator and hydraulic motor, respectively, so that the apparatus is not only easy to operate, but also cheap to manufacture.

En, med hensyn til enkel opbygning og en hensigtsmæssig elektrisk styring, særlig fordelagtig udførelsesform ifølge opfindelsen er angivet i krav 2. En speciel vigtig egenskab ved apparatet i denne udførelsesform er, at en fejlbetjening med sikkerhed, ikke kan finde sted, fordi de to ventiler arbejder synkront.One, with regard to simple construction and a suitable electrical control, a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention is given in claim 2. A particularly important feature of the apparatus in this embodiment is that a safe operation of the operation cannot take place because the two valves works synchronously.

Ved ydermere at udforme apparatet som angivet i krav 3, opnår man, at omskifterventilens elektriske del udsættes for den kortest mulige aktiveringstid. Den hydraulikmotor, der har den længste driftstid, tilhører sædvanligvis beholderen med det billige strømateriale, og denne motor tilsluttes derfor den af omskifterventilens udgange, som er åbne i omskifterventilens ikke aktiverede stilling.Furthermore, by designing the apparatus as claimed in claim 3, it is achieved that the electrical part of the switch valve is exposed to the shortest possible activation time. The hydraulic motor which has the longest operating time usually belongs to the container with the cheap flow material, and this motor is therefore connected to the outlets of the switch valve which are open in the non-activated position of the switch valve.

Opfindelsen skal forklares nærmere i forbindelse med tegningen, hvor 141940 4 fig. 1 viser et spredeapparat ifølge opfindelsen set bagfra, fig. 2 apparatets hydrauliske system i diagram-form, og fig. 3 apparatets omskifterventiler med tilhørende elektriske styringer i skematisk diagramform.The invention will be explained in more detail in connection with the drawing, in which FIG. 1 is a rear view of a spreading apparatus according to the invention; FIG. 2 shows the hydraulic system of the apparatus in diagram form; and FIG. 3 shows the switching valves of the apparatus with associated electrical controls in schematic diagram form.

Det på tegningen viste spredeapparat, som er beregnet til anbringelse på laddet af et spredekøretøj, er udstyret med to strømaterialebeholdere 1 og 2, der er anbragt ved siden af hinanden i køretøjets længderetning 3. De to beholdere er adskilt af en udtagelig mellemvæg 4. Mellemvæggen 4 kan, som det fremgår af fig. 1, anbringes i forskellige skråstillinger, f.eks. 5 eller 6, hvorved forholdet mellem de to beholderrumfang ændres.The spreading apparatus shown in the drawing, which is intended to be mounted on the load of a spreading vehicle, is provided with two flow material containers 1 and 2 arranged side by side in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle 3. The two containers are separated by a removable partition wall 4. The middle wall 4, as can be seen from FIG. 1, are placed in different inclined positions, e.g. 5 or 6, thereby changing the ratio of the two container volumes.

Dette har betydning, når vekslende mængder strømateria-lekomponenter skal medbringes i apparatet. Hver beholder 1, 2 er udformet med en smal, nedad indsnævrende underdel 7 henholdsvis 8, hvorved der er anbragt transportsnegle 9 henholdsvis 10. Disse transportsnegle fører strøgodset vandret bagud gennem rørføringer 11, 12, som hver står i forbindelse med et lodret faldrør 13 henholdsvis 14. Faldrørene ender i skråt nedad rettede slidske 16, som afleverer strøgodset over to vandrette, roterbare spredetallerkener 17 henholdsvis 18.This is important when varying amounts of current material components are to be brought into the apparatus. Each container 1, 2 is formed with a narrow, downwardly narrowing lower part 7 and 8, respectively, whereby transport screws 9 and 10 are respectively arranged. These transport screws carry the barbed goods horizontally backwards through pipes 11, 12, each of which is connected to a vertical drop pipe 13 respectively. The fall pipes end in obliquely downwardly directed slit 16, which delivers the ironing material over two horizontal, rotatable spreading discs 17 and 18, respectively.

Det hydrauliske driv- og reguleringssystem for transportsneglene 9, 10 og spredetallerkenerne 17, 18 er vist skematisk i fig. 2. Spredetallerkenen 17 drives af en hydraulikmotor 37 og tallerkenen 18 af en anden hydraulikmotor 38. En tredje hydraulikmotor 33 driver transportsneglen 10. En forrådsbeholder 47 for det hydrauliske trykmedium, f.eks. olie, står gennem en rørledning 72 i forbindelse med sugeledninger 73 og 74 til to hydrauliske pumper 75 og 76. Pumperne drives i fællesskab af en dieselmotor 77.The hydraulic drive and control system for the transport augers 9, 10 and the spreading discs 17, 18 are shown schematically in FIG. 2. The spreading plate 17 is driven by a hydraulic motor 37 and the plate 18 by a second hydraulic motor 38. A third hydraulic motor 33 drives the transport screw 10. A reservoir container 47 for the hydraulic pressure medium, e.g. oil, passes through a pipeline 72 in connection with suction lines 73 and 74 to two hydraulic pumps 75 and 76. The pumps are jointly operated by a diesel engine 77.

I sugeledningen 73 er indsat en med et håndtag 78 indstillelig drosselventil 79, hvormed den af pumpen 75 leverede oliemængde kan reguleres. 1 pumpens 75 tryk- 5 141940 ledning 80 findes en elektrisk styrbar omskifterventil 81, som alt efter sin stilling leder trykolien fra pumpen 75 til hydraulikmotoren 37 gennem en trykledning 82 eller til hydraulikmotoren 38 gennem en anden trykledning 83.Into the suction line 73 is a throttle valve 79 adjustable with a handle 78, by which the amount of oil supplied by the pump 75 can be adjusted. In the pressure line 80 of the pump 75 there is an electrically controllable switch valve 81 which, depending on its position, directs the pressure oil from the pump 75 to the hydraulic motor 37 through a pressure line 82 or to the hydraulic motor 38 through another pressure line 83.

Indskudt i pumpens 76 sugeledning 74 findes en i afhængighed af køretøjets kørselshastighed styret mængderegulator 44. Denne har fortrinsvis form som et ovalhjulsdrev og drives fra et med køretøjets hastighed proportionalt roterende organ, eksempelvis et nålehjul eller køretøjets tachometeraksel. Regulatoren sikrer, at den oliemængde pumpen 76 levererpr. tidsenhed er proportional med køretøjets hastighed. Por på enkel måde at kunne sætte regulatoren 44 ud af funktion, er der uden om regulatoren ført en shunt-rørledning 74', hvor er indsat en gennem et greb 84 manuelt betjenbar spærre-ventil 85. Når spærreventilen 85 er i spærrestilling, er regulatoren 44 virksom,* når ventilen 85 er åbnet, er regulatoren uvirksom.Included in the suction line 74 of the pump 76 is a volume regulator 44 controlled in dependence on the vehicle's speed, which is preferably in the form of an oval wheel drive and is driven by a rotating member proportional to the speed of the vehicle, for example a needle wheel or the tachometer shaft of the vehicle. The regulator ensures that the oil quantity pump 76 delivers pr. time unit is proportional to vehicle speed. In order to enable the regulator 44 to function in a simple way, a shunt pipeline 74 'is inserted outside the regulator, where a manually operated shut-off valve 85 is inserted through a grip 84. When the shut-off valve 85 is in the shut-off position, the regulator is 44 when the valve 85 is opened, the controller is idle.

I den til pumpen 76 hørende trykledning 86 er indsat en omskifterventil 87, som i lighed med den til den anden pumpe 75 hørende omskifterventil 81 er elektrisk styrbar. Omskifterventilen 87 leder i én stilling trykolien fra pumpen 76 til hydraulikmotoren 33 gennem en trykledning 88 og i en anden stilling trykolien til hydraulikmotoren 34 gennem en anden trykledning 89. Returledninger 90, 91» 92 og 93 fra de fire hydraulikmotorer munder samlet ud i forrådsbeholderen 47.Into the pressure line 86 of the pump 76 is inserted a switch valve 87 which, like the switch valve 81 of the second pump 75, is electrically controllable. The switch valve 87 conducts in one position the pressure oil from the pump 76 to the hydraulic motor 33 through a pressure line 88 and in another position the pressure oil to the hydraulic motor 34 through a second pressure line 89. Return lines 90, 91 »92 and 93 from the four hydraulic motors open together in the reservoir 47 .

Som det fremgår af fig. 3» er de to omskrifterven-tiler 81 og 87, i elektrisk henseende, forblindet parallelt og i række med en afbryder 94, hvormed strømmen til de to ventiler samtidig kan sluttes eller afbrydes. Når strømmen ved hjælp af afbryderen 94 er sluttet, forbinder omskifterventilerne 81 og 87 trykledningerene 82 og 88 med henholdsvis 80 og 86. Når strømmen er afbrudt, dvs. i omskifterventilernes hvilestillinger, er trykledningerne 80, 86 forbundet med henholdsvis 83 og 89. I det første tilfælde, dvs. med sluttet strøm, drives hy- 6 141940 draulikmotorerne 37 og 33, svarende til at sneglen 9 og spredetallerkenen 17 aktiveres vinder udspredning af strøgods fra beholderen 1. I det andet tilfælde, dvs. med afbrudt strøm, drives sneglen 10 og spredetallerkenen 38 medens det andet sæt 9, 17 er ude af funktion. På denne måde opnår man, at regulatoren 44 og drosselventilen 79, der virker som regulator for spredetallerkenens reta-tionshastighed, bliver virksom i begge tilfælde, dvs. for begge sæt transportsnegle og spredetallerkener. De to spredetallerkener 17 og 18 vil følgelig rotere med samme hastighed ved skiftevis indkobling, og også qprede-mængden vil, uanset hvilken snegl der er koblet ind, blive reguleret i afhængighed af kørselshastigheden.As shown in FIG. 3, the two rewriting valves 81 and 87, in the electrical sense, are blinded in parallel and in series with a switch 94, whereby the current to the two valves can be simultaneously connected or disconnected. When the current is switched off by means of the switch 94, the switching valves 81 and 87 connect the pressure lines 82 and 88 to 80 and 86 respectively. in the resting positions of the switching valves, the pressure lines 80, 86 are connected to 83 and 89 respectively. with closed current, the hydraulic motors 37 and 33 are operated, corresponding to the fact that the auger 9 and the spreading plate 17 are activated, the spreading of bedding from the container 1. wins, in the second case, ie. with interrupted power, the auger 10 and the spreading plate 38 are operated while the second set 9, 17 is inoperative. In this way, it is achieved that the regulator 44 and the throttle valve 79, which act as regulator for the retention rate of the spreading plate, become effective in both cases, ie. for both sets of transport augers and spreading plates. Consequently, the two spreading discs 17 and 18 will rotate at the same speed on alternating switching, and also the qprede amount, irrespective of which auger is switched on, will be adjusted depending on the running speed.

Claims

7 141940 Patent Claims.

1. A spreading apparatus for loading onto a truck and allowing two different spreading materials stored in separate containers to be spread out, which containers are equipped with hydraulically driven conveyors, for example transport augers, which are controlled by means of a through-flow regulator, depending on the vehicle's speed of travel and arranged for dispensing the spreading materials on similarly hydraulically driven rotary spreading discs which can be adjusted by means of a throttle valve to rotate at different constant rpm, whereby the hydraulic pumps with which said conveyors and spreading discs are driven, are connected to a common combustion engine. characterized in that each container (1,2) is separately equipped with one endless conveyor driven by a hydraulic motor (33 and 34), for example a conveyor screw (9 and 10), and one of another hydraulic motor (37 and 38, respectively) driven the spreading plate (17 and 18, respectively) that the flow regulator (44 ) is connectable to both the motors (33 and 34) of the endless conveyors (9 and 10) and the throttle valve (79) to the motors (37 and 38) of both spreading discs (17 and 18), wherein the conveyor (9 or 10) and the spreading disc (17) or 18) to one or the other container (1 and 2, respectively) are switchable in pairs and alternately by means of a switch (81.87).

Spreading device according to claim 1, characterized in that the switch consists of two electrically controllable switch valves (81.87), simultaneously operated by a common switch (94), one of which (81), through a pressure line (80). , is connected to the pressure side of the pump (75) which drives the hydraulic motors of the spreading discs (37, 38), and the other (87) is connected through the pressure line (86) to the pressure side of the pump (76) which drives the hydraulic motors of the endless conveyors ( 33,34).

Spreading device according to claim 2, characterized in that the hydraulic motor set (33 and 37 or 34