DK141722B - Solid flocculant containing a polymer flocculant. - Google Patents

Solid flocculant containing a polymer flocculant. Download PDF

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DK141722B
DK141722B DK376472AA DK376472A DK141722B DK 141722 B DK141722 B DK 141722B DK 376472A A DK376472A A DK 376472AA DK 376472 A DK376472 A DK 376472A DK 141722 B DK141722 B DK 141722B
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flocculant
polymer
water
fixative
solid
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DK376472AA
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DK141722C (en
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Dennis Thomas Corbett
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Hemlab Ag
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/22Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/52Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
    • C02F1/5227Processes for facilitating the dissolution of solid flocculants in water

Description

141722141722

Den foreliggende opfindelse angår et fast flokkulerings-middel indeholdende en polymer flokkulant.The present invention relates to a solid flocculant containing a polymer flocculant.

Visse polymere kan anvendes som flokkulanter til afsætning af faste stoffer i dynamisk suspension i væsker, 5 f.eks. i spildevand. Hvis man ønsker at behandle en sådan strøm kontinuerligt, f.eks. ved et arbejdsskift, er det ikke tilstrækkeligt kun at danne en blok af den polymere og anbringe den i spildevandet, da der dannes en kolloid gel på overfladen af blokken, hvilket hindrer en yderligere fri-10 gørelse af flokkulanten. Organer til kontinuerlig dispergering af flokkulanten er dyre og har tilbøjelighed til at svigte.Certain polymers can be used as flocculants for depositing solids in dynamic suspension in liquids, e.g. in wastewater. If one wishes to treat such a stream continuously, e.g. in a work shift, it is not sufficient to form only one block of the polymer and place it in the wastewater as a colloidal gel is formed on the surface of the block, preventing further release of the flocculant. Means for continuous dispersion of the flocculant are expensive and tend to fail.

De kan også kræve hyppig overvågelse under arbejdsgangen. Det er derfor ønskeligt at have et formuleret produkt, der kan anbringes i spildevand, og som langsomt vil frigøre flokkulan-15 ten kontinuerligt over et vist tidsrum.They may also require frequent monitoring during workflow. Therefore, it is desirable to have a formulated product which can be placed in wastewater and which will slowly release the flocculant continuously over a certain period of time.

Ifølge den foreliggende opfindelse tilvejebringes der et fast flokkuleringsmiddel indeholdende en polymer flokkulant, hvilket flokkuleringsmiddel er ejendommeligt ved, at det indeholder 0,1-60 vægtprocent af en polymer flokkulant 20 med en molekylvægt fra 100.000 til 30 millioner, 0,5-99 vægtprocent af et vandopløseligt salt af en uorganisk eller organisk syre som fikseringsmiddel for flokkulanten og resten vand.According to the present invention, there is provided a solid flocculant containing a polymer flocculant which is characterized in that it contains 0.1-60% by weight of a polymer flocculant 20 having a molecular weight of 100,000 to 30 million, 0.5-99% by weight of a water-soluble salt of an inorganic or organic acid as a fixative for the flocculant and the remainder water.

Fra USA patentskrift nr. 3.435.618 kendes faste flok-25 kuleringsmidler bestående af en vandopløselig polymer flokkulant, et simpelt vandopløseligt salt (elektrolyt) og desuden en vandopløselig fast matrix af voks. Flokkulerings-blandingen ifølge nævnte USA patentskrift er imidlertid ba-> seret på ikke-vandige materialer, mens tilsætningen af vand 30 ifølge den foreliggende opfindelse har afgørende betydning.United States Patent No. 3,435,618 discloses solid flocculants consisting of a water-soluble polymer flocculant, a simple water-soluble salt (electrolyte) and, moreover, a water-soluble solid matrix of wax. However, the flocculation mixture according to the United States patent is based on non-aqueous materials, while the addition of water 30 according to the present invention is essential.

Dette vil blive forklaret nærmere i det følgende.This will be explained in more detail below.

Som nævnt ovenfor, skal der ved den foreliggende opfindelse anvendes et trekomponentsystem.As mentioned above, the present invention uses a three-component system.

Til sammenligning skal følgende tokomponentsystemer 35 betragtes.In comparison, the following two-component systems 35 must be considered.

2 141722 I. Kun polymer og vand2 141722 I. Polymer and water only

Ved en blanding af 25 dele polymer med 45 dele vand forbliver temperaturen af blandingen konstant, og i stedet for at der dannes individuelle, delvis hydratise-5 rede partikler af den polymere (som ved den foreliggende opfindelse) danner det hele en gelagtiv masse, ud fra hvilken det er umuligt at fremstille en briket, hvilken masse ved anbringelse i et vandigt medium ikke frigiver flokkulant med hverken en fornuftig eller kontrolleret ha-10 stighed. Den gelagtige masse har snarere tendens til at forblive i sin uopløste tilstand i et forlænget tidsrum, idet flokkulanten frigøres i en mængde på mindre end 0,01 ppm sammenlignet med briketten ifølge den foreliggende opfindelse, hvis frigørelseshastighed er mellem 1,0 og 15 1,5 ppm.In a mixture of 25 parts of polymer with 45 parts of water, the temperature of the mixture remains constant, and instead of forming individual, partially hydrated particles of the polymer (as in the present invention), the whole forms a gelling mass. from which it is impossible to produce a briquette, which mass, when placed in an aqueous medium, does not release flocculant with neither a reasonable nor controlled rate. Rather, the gel-like mass tends to remain in its undissolved state for an extended period of time, releasing the flocculant in an amount of less than 0.01 ppm compared to the briquette of the present invention whose release rate is between 1.0 and 15 l. 5 ppm.

II. Kun polymer og fikseringsmiddelII. Only polymer and fixative

Den tørre blanding, der fremkommer ved blanding af 25 dele polymer og 30 dele natriumcarbonat, kan sammentrykkes under tryk til en passende briket. Når denne an-20 bringes i et vandigt medium, frigøres der imidlertid ikke nogen flokkulant, snarere fraskilles faste polymerpartikler fra blokken ud i det vandige medium, og disse opløses kun med en ekstrem langsom hastighed, fordi de ikke er blevet hy-dratiseret på forhånd. På det tidspunkt, hvor opløsningen 25 er sket (et spørgsmål om timer snarere end sekunder som ved trekomponentbriketten ifølge den foreliggende opfindelse) er polymerpartiklerne skyllet væk fra den reaktionszone, hvor flokkulantemissionen var nødvendig.The dry mixture resulting from a mixture of 25 parts of polymer and 30 parts of sodium carbonate can be compressed under pressure to a suitable briquette. However, when placed in an aqueous medium, no flocculant is released, rather, solid polymer particles are separated from the block into the aqueous medium, and these dissolve only at an extremely slow rate because they have not been hydrated in advance. . At the time the solution 25 occurred (a matter of hours rather than seconds as in the three-component briquette of the present invention), the polymer particles were flushed away from the reaction zone where the flocculant emission was needed.

En forøgelse eller formindskelse af mængden af 30 den ene af komponenterne i de ovennævnte tokomponentsystemer på bekostning af den anden komponent løser ikke de beskrevne problemer med tokomponentsystemerne.Increasing or decreasing the amount of one of the components of the above two-component systems at the expense of the other component does not solve the problems described with the two-component systems.

Som det fremgår af det ovennævnte, er det essentielt, at alle tre komponenter er til stede både ved fremstil-35 lingen af produktet og ved dettes operationsmåde.As can be seen from the above, it is essential that all three components are present both in the preparation of the product and in its mode of operation.

3 141722 Når en blanding af tørt polymerpulver og tørt fikseringsmiddelpulver dispergeres i en passende mængde vand sker der følgende: (i) Kontakten mellem fikseringsmiddel og vand frigør var-5 me på grund af opløsningsvarmen for reaktionen mellem fikseringsmidlet og vand.When a mixture of dry polymer powder and dry fixative powder is dispersed in an appropriate amount of water, the following occurs: (i) The contact between the fixative and water releases heat due to the solvent heat of the reaction between the fixative and water.

(ii) Den betydelige temperaturforøgelse forøger signifikant hydratiseringshastigheden af den polymere, hvilket tillader, at der dannes en delvis hydratiseret polymer.(ii) The significant increase in temperature significantly increases the rate of hydration of the polymer, allowing the formation of a partially hydrated polymer.

10 Begge faste faser forsøger derfor at danne en op løsning. Da der er utilstrækkeligt vand til opnåelse af en opløsning, indtræder der en størkning, som kan kontrolleres ved formning af den oprindelige blanding til en forudbestemt form.10 Both fixed phases therefore try to form a solution. As there is insufficient water to obtain a solution, a solidification occurs which can be controlled by forming the original mixture into a predetermined form.

15 Som resultat af hydratiseringsvarmen overføres den polymere i en tilstand af delvis opløsning. Dette bevirker en forøgelse af polymeropløseligheden og forbedrer således frigørelseshastigheden af flokkulanten. Det antages, at dette opnås ved at overføre den polymere i en delvis opløs-20 ning ved accelereret hydratisering, hvorved opløsningstiden formindskes fra 1-2 timer ned til sekunder.As a result of the heat of hydration, the polymer is transferred in a partial solution state. This causes an increase in polymer solubility and thus improves the release rate of the flocculant. This is believed to be achieved by transferring the polymer into a partial solution by accelerated hydration, thereby reducing the dissolution time from 1-2 hours down to seconds.

Bortset fra at være en varmekilde ved blandingen med vand tilvejebringer fikseringsmidlet også et størkningsmedium, som senere vil opløses, når den dannede briket an-25 bringes i det vandige medium.Apart from being a source of heat in the admixture with water, the fixative also provides a solidification medium which will later dissolve when the formed briquette is placed in the aqueous medium.

I det tilfælde, hvor den tørre blanding af polymer og fikseringsmiddel sættes direkte til et stort rumfang vand, f.eks. spildevand eller en vandforsyningsledning, forhindrer manglen på temperaturforøgelse på grund 30 af den store mængde vand den delvise hydratisering af den polymere, og der opnås følgelig ikke en kontrolleret emission af flokkulanten.In the case where the dry mixture of polymer and fixative is added directly to a large volume of water, e.g. wastewater or a water supply line, the lack of temperature increase due to the large amount of water prevents the partial hydration of the polymer and consequently no controlled emission of the flocculant is achieved.

Ved den foreliggende opfindelse spiller alle tre komponenter altså en essentiel rolle. Den polymere er kil-35 den for flokkulant, fikseringsmidlet giver grundlaget for varmefrigørelsen og den efterfølgende briketstørkning, og vandet er essentielt til tilvejebringelse af varmefrigø- 4 141722 relse i forbindelse med fikseringsmidlet og til, ved delvis hydratisering af den polymere, at bevirke, at der senere sker en kontrolleret og hurtig frigørelse af flokku-lanten. Vand i den korrekte mængde er især en essentiel 5 komponent i det her omhandlede middel. Det faktum, at den fremkomne briket senere skal anvendes i et vandigt medium, er uden betydning, da opløsningsvarmen stammende fra opløsningen af fikseringsmidlet i vand skal være tilstrækkeligt til at bevirke den hurtige hydratisering af polymer-10 partiklerne, og den nødvendige temperaturforhøjelse til denne hydratisering kan ikke opnås, når der er et overskud af vand til stede.Thus, in the present invention, all three components play an essential role. The polymer is the source of the flocculant, the fixative provides the basis for the heat release and the subsequent briquette drying, and the water is essential for providing heat release in connection with the fixative and, by partially hydrating the polymer, to cause later, a controlled and rapid release of the flocculant occurs. In particular, water in the correct amount is an essential component of the present invention. The fact that the resulting batch will later be used in an aqueous medium is of no importance, since the solvent heat derived from the dissolution of the fixative in water must be sufficient to effect the rapid hydration of the polymer particles and the necessary temperature rise for this hydration. cannot be obtained when an excess of water is present.

Ved den foreliggende opfindelse sker altså en kompleks faseproces mellem vand, fikseringsmiddel og poly-15 mer, hvilket ikke er beskrevet i det ovennævnte USA patentskrift og ikke kan udledes herfra.Thus, in the present invention, a complex phase process occurs between water, fixative and polymer, which is not disclosed in the above-mentioned United States patent and cannot be deduced from it.

Den mængde, i hvilken det faste flokkulerings-middel ifølge opfindelsen opløses i en væske, bestemmes af de indbyrdes mængder af ingredienserne.The amount in which the solid flocculant of the invention is dissolved in a liquid is determined by the mutual amounts of the ingredients.

20 Midler med langsom frigørelse indeholder ingredi enserne i følgende mængder (vægtprocent):20 Slow release agents contain the ingredients in the following amounts (weight percent):

Flokkuleringsmidler med langsom frigørelse Sædvanligvis Foretrukket Mest foretrukket 25 Fikseringsmiddel 0,5-60 mindst 1 5-35Flocculants with Slow Release Usually Preferred Most Preferred 25 Fuser 0.5-60 at least 1 5-35

Flokkulant 0,1-60 0,1-50 5-25Flocculant 0.1-60 0.1-50 5-25

Vand 5-99 5-80 35-70Water 5-99 5-80 35-70

Flokkuleringsmidler med hurtigere frigørelse inde-'holder fortrinsvis 0,1-10 vægtprocent flokkulant, en til-strækkelig vandmængde til at befugte flokkulanten og resten vandopløseligt fikseringsmiddel.The faster release flocculants preferably contain 0.1-10% by weight flocculant, a sufficient amount of water to moisten the flocculant and the remainder water-soluble fixative.

Ved midler med langsom frigørelse blandes flokkulanten og bindingsmidlerne fortrinsvis først, hvorpå vandet tilsættes. Blandingerne størkner af sig selv til dannelse af faste legemer, sædvanligvis i løbet af 5 mi- 5 141722 t nutter til 12 timer under udvikling af varme. Ved midler med hurtigere frigørelse blandes flokkulanten og vandet først, hvorpå fikseringsmidlet tilblandes. Tablettering af den fugtige blanding i en passende presse er fordelag-5 tig.For slow release agents, the flocculant and bonding agents are preferably mixed first and then the water is added. The mixtures solidify by themselves to form solid bodies, usually over 5 minutes to 12 hours, during heat development. For faster release agents, the flocculant and water are first mixed and then the fixative is mixed. Tabletting the moist mixture in a suitable press is advantageous.

Flokkuleringsmidler ifølge opfindelsen kan være blokke af cylindrisk form, hvis størrelse og overfladen-areal kan indstilles således, at blokken nedbrydes til frigørelse af flokkulanten over et forudbestemt tidsrum, 10 f.eks. fra 8 timer til 8 dage. I et specifikt eksempel anbringes en blok med et rumfang på 550 m i en vandstrøm, der strømmer med 454 1 pr. time ved 20°G. Blokken varer 24 timer, i hvilket tidsrum flokkulantkoncentrationen i strømmen var 1 p.p.m. Flokkuleringen kan udføres i 15 sure, neutrale eller basiske væsker.Flocculants according to the invention can be blocks of cylindrical shape, the size and surface area of which can be adjusted such that the block is broken down to release the flocculant over a predetermined period of time, e.g. from 8 hours to 8 days. In a specific example, a block with a volume of 550 m is placed in a stream of water flowing at 454 l. hour at 20 ° G. The block lasts for 24 hours, during which time the flocculant concentration in the stream was 1 p.p.m. The flocculation can be carried out in 15 acidic, neutral or basic liquids.

Egnede flokkulanter til anvendelse ved den foreliggende opfindelse omfatter homo- og copolymere af et substitueret og usubstitueret acrylamid, f.eks. polyacrylamid, delvis hydrolyserede polyacrylamider og delvis kvaterniserede 20 polyacrylamider. Andre polymere omfatter polymeriserede amider, aminer, iminer, ethyleniminer, eller ethoxy-rester. Flok-kulantpolymeren har fortrinsvis en molekylvægt på 100.000 til 30 millioner, især 1 million til 15 millioner. Naturligt forekommende materialer kan også anvendes som hel eller del-25 vis del af flokkulantingrediensen.Suitable flocculants for use in the present invention include homo- and copolymers of a substituted and unsubstituted acrylamide, e.g. polyacrylamide, partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamides and partially quaternized 20 polyacrylamides. Other polymers include polymerized amides, amines, imines, ethyleneimines, or ethoxy residues. The flocculant polymer preferably has a molecular weight of 100,000 to 30 million, especially 1 million to 15 million. Naturally occurring materials may also be used as part or all of the flocculant ingredient.

Fikseringsmidlet er fortrinsvis et vandopløseligt salt af en uorganisk syre eller en organisk syre, idet det særlig anvendte salt bestemmes af polymerflokkulanten. Eksempler på egnede salte er natrium-, kalium- og ammoniumsalte af 30 carbonsyre, svovlsyre, kiselsyre, benzoesyre, citronsyre, phosphorsyre og borsyre. For lavt hydrolyserede polyacrylamider er det foretrukne bindingsmiddel natriumcarbonat, mens det for middelhydrolyserede polyacrylamider foretrækkes at anvende natriumtetraborat alene eller med et carbonat. For 35 højt hydrolyserede polyacrylamider foretrækkes det at anvende et carbonat, og for kationiske polymere foretrækkes anvendelsen af tripolyphosphater.The fixing agent is preferably a water-soluble salt of an inorganic acid or an organic acid, the salt used in particular being determined by the polymer flocculant. Examples of suitable salts are sodium, potassium and ammonium salts of 30 carboxylic acid, sulfuric acid, silicic acid, benzoic acid, citric acid, phosphoric acid and boric acid. For low hydrolyzed polyacrylamides, the preferred binding agent is sodium carbonate, while for medium hydrolyzed polyacrylamides, sodium tetraborate alone or with a carbonate is preferred. For 35 highly hydrolyzed polyacrylamides, it is preferred to use a carbonate and for cationic polymers the use of tripolyphosphates is preferred.

6 1417226 141722

Opfindelsen skal illustreres nærmere ved hjælp af de følgende eksempler, i hvilke alle dele er vægtdele.The invention will be further illustrated by the following examples in which all parts are parts by weight.

Eksempel 1 til 8.Examples 1 to 8.

55

Formuleringer fremstilles, idet der anvendes de i den følgende tabel angivne ingredienser. I hvert tilfælde tørblandes flokkulanten og fikseringsmidlet, vand tilsættes, og produktet rotationsblandes til dannelse af en"våndig-op-10 slæmning- Denne hældes ud i forme til dannelse af terninger.Formulations are prepared using the ingredients listed in the following table. In each case, the flocculant and the fixative are added dry, water is added and the product is rotationally mixed to form a "slurry-slurry" poured into molds to form cubes.

Disse fjernes og anvendes til flokkulering af zinkhydroxidslam i zinkpletteringsspildevand ved en pH-værdi på 8,5. Blokkene holdes i en trådkurv i spildevandet og kompletteres efter hvert arbejdsskift. Undersøgelser viser, at flokkulanten fri-15 gøres med en næsten konstant mængde under skiftene ved opløsning af blokken, og der sker en kontinuerlig tilfredsstillende flokkulering.These are removed and used for flocculating zinc hydroxide sludge in zinc plating wastewater at a pH of 8.5. The blocks are kept in a wire basket in the wastewater and supplemented after each work shift. Studies show that the flocculant is released with an almost constant amount during the shifts upon dissolution of the block, and continuous satisfactory flocculation occurs.

7 1417227 141722

Eksempel Flokkulant Fikseringsmiddel VandExample Flocculant Fuser Water

Kemikalie Dele Kemikalie Dele Dele ^ T Anionisk poly- 25 Natrium- acrylamid molvægt carbonat 50 45 15 millioner II Højthydrolyseret Natrium- polyacrylamid,_ 6 carbonat 42 52 10 molvægt 15 mil lioner III Middel hydrolyseret Natrium- polyacrylamid, mol- 8 tetraboratna- 5 50 vægt 20 millioner triumcarbonat 57 15 --- IV Kationisk polyacryl- Natriumtri- 55 50 amid, molvægt 15 polyphosphat 2 millioner 20 V Anionisk polyacrylat 15 Natriumhydro- 55 50 molvægt 10 millioner qencarbonat • VI Ikke ionisk poly- 25 Natriumbenzoat 55 40 acrylamid, molvægt 8 millioner 25 - VII Højthydrolvseret 35 Kaiiumcarbonat 10 55 polyacrylamid, mol- vægt, 5 millioner VIII Kationisk poly- 20 Natriumtetra- 30 acrylamid, mol- borat 10 70 vægt 5 millioner 141722 8Chemical Parts Chemical Parts Parts ^ T Anionic Poly Sodium Acrylamide Molecular Carbonate 50 45 15 Million II High Hydrolyzed Sodium Polyacrylamide, 6 Carbonate 42 52 10 Molecular Weight 15 Million III Medium Hydrolyzed Sodium Polyacrylamide, Molecular 8 Tetraborate Na-5 50 weight 20 million triacarbonate 57 15 --- IV Cationic polyacrylic Sodium tri-55 50 amide, molar weight 15 polyphosphate 2 million 20 V Anionic polyacrylate 15 Sodium hydro- 55 50 mol weight 10 million qenecarbonate • VI Non ionic poly 25 Sodium benzoate 55 40 acrylamide, mol weight 8 Million 25 - VII High Hydrolyzed 35 Potassium Carbonate 10 55 Polyacrylamide, Molecular Weight, 5 Million VIII Cationic Poly-20 Sodium Tetraacrylamide, Molborate 10 70 Weight 5 Million 141722 8

Eksempel 9.Example 9

Polyethylenoxid, molvægt 1 million, (1 del) be-fugtes med vand (2 dele) og optages i natriumcarbonat 5 (97 dele), Det fremkomne fugtige pulver sammenpresses i en tabletteringspresseform til dannelse af en blok. Denne anbringes i spildevandsstrømmen fra en gasvaskningsproces, og blokken opløses til frigørelse af carbonatet til indstilling af pH-værdien af gasvandet og til frigørelse af 10 flokkulanten til flokkulering af partikelformet materiale i spildevandet.Polyethylene oxide, molecular weight 1 million, (1 part) is wetted with water (2 parts) and taken up in sodium carbonate 5 (97 parts). The resulting moist powder is compressed in a tableting press mold to form a block. This is placed in the effluent stream from a gas washing process and the block is dissolved to release the carbonate to adjust the pH of the gas water and to release the flocculant to flocculate particulate material in the effluent.

DK376472AA 1971-07-30 1972-07-28 Solid flocculant containing a polymer flocculant. DK141722B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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GB3602171 1971-07-30
GB3602171A GB1399247A (en) 1971-07-30 1971-07-30 Treatment of industrial effluent water

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DK141722C DK141722C (en) 1980-10-27

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AT (1) AT321249B (en)
AU (1) AU476023B2 (en)
BE (1) BE786795A (en)
CA (1) CA1000430A (en)
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DE (1) DE2229426C3 (en)
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FR (1) FR2148097B1 (en)
GB (1) GB1399247A (en)
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA1074204A (en) * 1975-11-11 1980-03-25 Byron C. Chambers Composition and method for dispersing high molecular weight flocculant polymers in water
DE3235527A1 (en) * 1982-09-25 1984-03-29 Basf Ag, 6700 Ludwigshafen METHOD FOR INCREASING THE SPEED OF RESOLUTION OF FINE-PARTIC, HIGH-MOLECULAR (METH) ACRYLAMIDE POLYMERISATS
US5698109A (en) * 1990-06-29 1997-12-16 Allied Colloids Limited Purification of aqueous liquor
US5112500A (en) * 1990-06-29 1992-05-12 Allied Colloids Limited Purification of aqueous liquor
US5178774A (en) * 1990-06-29 1993-01-12 Allied Colloids Limited Purification of aqueous liquor
DE4120211A1 (en) * 1991-06-19 1992-12-24 Passavant Werke Post-treatment of waste water - comprises using polymeric flocculating agents in a form and amt. in which they are self removed from the waste water over a period of time
DE4421522A1 (en) * 1994-06-20 1995-12-21 Passavant Werke Removal of finely dispersed organic matter from precleaned sewage
CN111662411A (en) * 2020-07-27 2020-09-15 重庆工商大学 Preparation method of hydrophobic acacia gum flocculant for antibiotic treatment

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FI58078C (en) 1980-12-10
DE2229426C3 (en) 1980-09-04
JPS569400B1 (en) 1981-02-28
DE2229426A1 (en) 1973-02-08
AU476023B2 (en) 1976-09-09
SE430569B (en) 1983-11-28
NL173141C (en) 1983-12-16
DE2229426B2 (en) 1979-01-11
GB1399247A (en) 1975-06-25
FR2148097A1 (en) 1973-03-11
DK141722C (en) 1980-10-27
AT321249B (en) 1975-03-25
FR2148097B1 (en) 1978-04-28
FI58078B (en) 1980-08-29
ZA724446B (en) 1973-05-30
BE786795A (en) 1972-11-16
AU4374572A (en) 1974-01-03
NL7208888A (en) 1973-02-01
IT964829B (en) 1974-01-31
CH569671A5 (en) 1975-11-28
NL173141B (en) 1983-07-18
CA1000430A (en) 1976-11-23

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