DE98749C - - Google Patents

Description

IMPERIAL

PATENT OFFICE.

In the known supply of carbon dioxide to plants and plant parts behufs promotion of growth and acceleration of maturity Processes (comp. ^S z. B. Pat. No. 32194) found grofse loss of carbon dioxide instead, because not the fact is taken into account, that the assimilation of carbonic acid happens through the plant only under the action of light and also depends to a large extent on the wavelength of the incident light rays.

The present apparatus is based on the idea of eliminating this deficiency and For more economical use of the carbonic acid, the amount of carbonic acid supplied is constant automatically according to the momentary strength of the assimilatory energy of the lighting to regulate.

In setting up the apparatus it was assumed that the assimilatory Energy of a single (monochromatic and from the ultra-red rays, the so-called Thermal rays, liberated) light beam and its thermal effect (thermal expansion of bodies) are proportional. For example, if you exclude the green rays from the lighting, both from the other light rays, such as from the so-called heat rays, and runs this on a body that is protected against external heat influences and has a high expansion capacity act, its expansions and contractions become accordingly the fluctuations in the effect of green rays on carbonic acid assimilation get lost. By transferring the change in length of the body illuminated with pure green rays to the carbonic acid supply valve a proportionality between the chemical effect of these rays and the supply of carbonic acid can be achieved. The same is true of other monochromatic rays that have been freed from heat rays; However is the constant relation between the assimilatory for each individual type of radiation and thermal effect for rays of different wavelengths different. While z. B. green rays very energetically promote the carbon dioxide assimilation, but only exert a weak thermal effect, other rays can almost assimilatively ineffective, but thermally more effective than the green ones. This fact becomes In the present apparatus this is taken into account by the fact that every type of radiation of the incident light only in the proportion of their assimilatory energy to the body of expansion fall and thereby act on the carbon dioxide valve. The simplest way of doing this is by acting on the expansion body falling light first passes through a transparent layer, which the individual colors of the spectrum in a its assimilatory effect flows through an amount. For example, you can Attach a glass or celluloid disc over the expansion body, which consists of individual, parts colored in the colors of the spectrum

exists, the size of which corresponds to the assimilatory Effect of the light rays passing through is selected. Or you can produce different colored ones by adding a suitable additive soluble body a glass which the rays of light in proportion to their assimilatory Energy passes through, in which the curve of the light absorption spectrum is exactly opposite the one showing the effect of the spectral colors on the carbonic acid assimilation Curve runs.

In order to exclude the rays beyond the red (the so-called heat rays), you can add a second layer of a heat-absorbing, transparent material, e.g. B. an alum solution, attach respectively. the stained glass or Replace the celluloid layer with a colored alum solution.

The accompanying drawing shows an apparatus set up according to these criteria for the automatic regulation of the carbon dioxide supply, namely:

Fig. Ι in a partially sectioned side view,

Fig. 2 in rear view,

Fig. 3 in section after xx.

In a container b with a colored glass or celluloid lid produced according to the above information, the metal spiral m is attached to the drum t , one end m ^{1 of which is held} by the resilient rod / and the retaining pin h which engages in corresponding openings ο of the spiral, and whose the other end m ² is fixed immovably on the drum t itself. If the metal spiral mouse expands in the light of the incident, a corresponding rotation of the drum t takes place, which is transmitted by the gearwheel ^ and toothed segment 5 to the valve ν , which regulates the influx of the carbonic acid diluted with air to the plants and plant parts.

To make any setting of the valve ν according to the results of the control analyzes, regardless of the. allow instantaneous state of expansion of the metal spiral in to the drum can be t, and thus the spiral by means of the crank m k be turned from without, so that the retaining pin from its open h 0 slipping out and will jump in another opening.

In order to finally prevent the metal spiral from being influenced by heat conduction and heat radiation, the container b is provided with walls that protect against heat and a vessel is placed on it, which is filled with alum solution up to a height sufficient to completely absorb the heat rays from the lighting.

The method and apparatus described can be used for those rooted in the ground, in the water growing or freely vegetating plants (e.g. orchids, aquatic plants, etc.), also for individual parts of plants, such as seeds, fruits, and so on, are used for their growth and to accelerate maturity resp. so that they can quickly be consumed or used during subsequent ripening to make and at the same time a higher quality product, ζ. Β. Fruits with a finer taste (sweetness, aroma) and to achieve stronger coloring.

The carbonic acid can be used in such a strong dilution (with atmospheric air) that it does not harm the animal organism, and indeed does can be inhaled by man without disadvantage. The investigation of the carbonic acid content of the introduced mixture is done by the well-known air testers.

The mixture can be either above or below ground, dry or as required loaded with water vapors, introduced continuously or intermittently. For closed Larger rooms above ground are recommended for open, exposed cultural areas underground supply line. However, a good mixture of carbonic acid and air must always be ensured. For living plants rooted in the ground, the carbonic acid is always in the moist state to to bring about a turn. It can also be used in larger closed rooms (such as palm trees, Greenhouses and so on) directly with the rain or spray devices arranged in them and others that supply the plants with water or steam (from steam boilers) Apparatus are distributed. For those of the plants. separate parts is in usually dry carbon dioxide must be used.

Any pure carbonic acid of whatever origin can be used to carry out the process serve, e.g. B. the action of mineral acids (sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid) on carbonates (Limestone, dolomite, magnesite) produced the liquid carbonic acid produced in the factory or the natural carbonic acid which often escapes in abundance from the soil.

The control device can be switched on at any point in the carbon dioxide line happen if only care is taken that the container with the metal spiral receives the same lighting as the plants respectively. Parts of plants. Is most expedient it is therefore to attach the container in the same room in which the plants BEZW. Plant parts are located.

Claims (1)

Patent claims: * ι. Device for regulating the carbon dioxide supply to plants and plant parts, consisting of one against unintentional Body (m) protected from the effects of heat and of high expandability, the changes in length of which are transmitted under the influence of the illuminating rays to the valve (v) regulating the inflow of carbonic acid, and from a light filter which absorbs the incident heat rays and the individual light rays of the illumination in one of them Assimilatory effect amount to reach the expansion body.
i. An embodiment of the under ι. claimed device, in which the body exposed to the exposure consists of a metal spiral (m) , one end of which fm ¹ ) is firmly attached, while the movement of the other free end fm ² ) caused by stronger or weaker exposure through. Mediation of a drum ft) and an intermediate mechanism f \ s) is transferred to the carbonic acid inflow valve (v) . A modification of the device claimed under 2, consisting in the fact that one end (ni ¹ ) of the metal spiral fm) is not firmly attached, but is held in place by a resilient retaining pin (h) which engages in corresponding openings (0) of the metal spiral fm) , for any setting of the valve, regardless of the current state of expansion of the metal body. 1 sheet of drawings.