DE967014C - High voltage electrical circuit breaker - Google Patents

Description

There are electrical circuit breakers known in which by the movement of one or both Contacts the drawn arc is extinguished by elongation. Will here Tear-off electrodes arranged in a helical manner are used, so the arc roots after opening the contact wander along this, and so lengthen the arc. Such an arrangement cannot be used for high voltages, because it is because the contacts are only separated to generate the arc that is caused by the Migration of the base points on the breakaway electrodes created by the arcs that run parallel metallic tear-off electrodes short-circuited, so that a re-ignition at the point of interruption entry.

The invention shows a high voltage electric circuit breaker in which during switching by moving one or both contacts, the drawn arc is elongated to the Extinction is coming. According to the invention, at least one of the contacts moves during the switch-off process so at great speed on a helical or similarly shaped one Bahn that the arcing between the contacts while maintaining the arc roots is pulled out on the contacts until they go out. The tip of the switch pin at which the one arc root is located, so it makes a rotary and push movement at the same time, but the end of the switching pin moves on a helical line or on a part of it.

709 691 / U

It is thus possible to pull out the arc to any required length despite the small space dimensions.

Instead of the helical path of the switch pin tip, a sinusoidal, spiral-shaped or a path composed of these, the gradient being constant or can be changeable.

When switching off the arc can ίο several turns, z. B. helical, lie on top of each other. In order to avoid that two parallel arcs affect each other and bridges occur, the one moving on a helical path becomes Contact moved within an insulating housing enveloping the web. It will be through this the individual turns of the arc drawn in a helical path through a likewise helically extending insulating wall separated from one another.

The arc drawn in a helical shape has the tendency, especially when a additional electromagnetic blowing is provided to elongate and join the helical Train to step outside. To avoid this, you can move between adjacent aisles the insulating wall additionally lengthening the arc, e.g. B. radially directed transverse ribs are provided or the arc path is closed to the outside by deionization plates.

The individual turns of the in a very straight line A drawn arc can also be traced by a screw-shaped arc Be encased insulating tube, the switching pin also helical shape along its entire length owns. The helical shape of the switch pin creates additional air flow of the arc.

In order to promote arc extinction, the path enclosing the helical line-shaped path Insulating wall consist of a gas-emitting substance in a known manner. The circuit breaker according to the invention is intended as an air switch. The arc chamber can, however, also be placed inside a liquid container in the same way be housed.

With the proposed switching device it is possible to carry out the various circuits. For example, two or more • by a common drive on a helical Web moving switch pin tips can be provided, which the circuit in per se known Way to open in two or more places at the same time. If it is a matter of interruptions of very high voltages, one will arrange the interruption points in series, while when interrupting high currents a parallel connection of the interruption points is more advantageous. This can be done in the usual way through the parallel connection of high-ohmic resistances to the contact points a uniform Stress distribution can be achieved. Two adjacent switch pin tips can also be used the drive axle are connected, provided that an isolating axle is used comes, which can be made hollow. With multi-pole switches, all phases are switched simultaneously, with the switching chambers of the individual phases next to each other arranged and separated from each other by insulating walls. Except for the insulating walls Metallic partitions can also be provided for magnetic blowing.

The pictures show possible embodiments of the invention in a schematic representation.

In Figure 1, 1 means the stationary contact which is arranged inside the chamber 2. 3 is the movable switch pin tip, which is firmly connected to the switch axis 4. The switch axis 4, which is arranged inside the chamber, is rotated by one of the known devices and executes an axial movement, which is generated, for example, by the interaction of the nut thread provided in the fixed part 5 and the thread 6 on the switch axis 4. The power transfer takes place at the connection point 7. The breaking chamber 2 has in the interior of a helically extending insulating wall 8. In the thus formed screw threads 9 of the resulting at the contact point 1, 2 during the switching arc is extended to a length such that it must go out. 10 are openings in the chamber 2, from which the arc gases can escape.

Figure 2 shows a section through the chamber 2 according to the line AB in Figure 1. From this it can be seen that the arc drawn at the contact point 1.3 describes a helical circular path. The openings 10 are arranged distributed over the circumference of the chamber 2.

Instead of a closed chamber 2, as shown in Figure 3, the individual passages of the spiral-shaped insulating wall by stringing together corresponding X05 molded plates 11 are formed. Figures 4 and 5 show such panels, with Figure 4 between two adjacent aisles of the insulating wall transverse ribs 12 are attached through which the Arc in the effort to migrate to the outside, is lengthened by wrinkling. 13 are Longitudinal webs to hold the plates together 11. Figure 5 shows the arc emerging from the outside prevented by deionization plates 14, which are arranged on the outer periphery of the plates 11 are.

Finally, Figure 6 shows, for example, a schematic design of a three-pole circuit breaker with two interruption points each in a row. 15, 16, 17 are the power supply lines, 18, 19, 20 the current leads of the three phases. Bridging two neighboring ones Contacts z. B. 15, 18, is carried out by the on the switch axis 4 attached switch webs or 22, 23, which read in switch pin tips 24, 25 or 26, 27, 28 and 29 end. For every switching

The tip of the pen is a special, helical shape which is closed off by insulating partitions 30 Arc path is provided, which is formed by the helical partition walls 31 will. It can be seen without further ado that when using individual the helical insulating walls forming plates and corresponding training of the Switching webs 21, 22, 23 any circuit can be carried out, for example one Reverse contactor.

Claims (11)

PATENT CLAIMS: i. High voltage electrical circuit breaker that cuts through when switching Movement of one or both contacts of the drawn arc by elongation to extinction comes, characterized in that at least one of the contacts during the switching off at high speed on a helical or similarly shaped one Train moves. 2. Circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that the on one helical path moving contact within an enveloping the path Insulating housing is moved. 3. Circuit breaker according to claim 2, characterized in that the insulating housing is formed by appropriately shaped, stacked insulating plates. 4. Circuit breaker according to claim 3, characterized in that between adjacent Isolation plates additionally lengthening the arc, e.g. B. radially directed transverse ribs are provided. 5. Circuit breaker according to claim 3 and 4, characterized in that the arc path is closed to the outside by deionization plates. 6. Circuit breaker according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the path of the movable Contact is encased by a helical insulating tube, the movable contact also Has helical shape. 7. Circuit breaker according to claim 1 to 6, characterized in that it encloses the helical arc path Isolation wall consists of a gas-emitting substance. 8. Circuit breaker according to claim 1 to 7, characterized in that two or more Switching pin tips are provided which are moved by a common drive on a helical path and which connect the circuit open two or more places at the same time, with the interruption points in series or are arranged parallel to each other. 9. Circuit breaker according to claim 8, characterized in that the for each switching pin tip provided arc path is separated from the neighboring by an insulating wall. 10. Circuit breaker according to claim 8 and 9, characterized in that each two adjacent switch pin tips of related interruption points via the Switch axis are connected. 11. Circuit breaker according to claim 8 to 10 with multiple interruptions, characterized characterized in that several circuits are switched simultaneously by the same drive axle are arranged, the Schialtkammern the individual circuits next to each other and are separated from each other by insulating walls. Considered publications:
German Patent Nos. 330268, 507139, 746, 76r894. 1 sheet of drawings