DE950591C - Aqueous emulsions for non-cutting cold working of metals - Google Patents

Description

ZWater-based emulsions for non-cutting cold forming of metals the non-cutting cold deformation of metals, especially wires, it is common the friction between the devices causing the deformation and that to be deformed Reduce metal through appropriate lubricants and through their use at the same time to dissipate the locally generated heat. Unless used as a lubricant aqueous solutions or emulsions are used, they usually contain soaps Alone or in combination with mineral oils, neutral oils, etc. The soap works in such combinations at the same time as an emulsifier for the water-insoluble ones mentioned Fats. Various difficulties arise when using soap-containing draw baths by the adhesive properties of the soaps, by their alkaline reaction as well caused their strong foaming.

It has now surprisingly been found that many of the previously occurring Difficulty drawing using aqueous solutions or emulsions thereby can switch off the fact that water-soluble sulfated neutral oils are used as lubricants or uses their water-soluble salts with a degree of sulphonation of less than 15.

"Neutral oils" should be natural or synthetic esters to be produced higher molecular weight, containing at least 12 carbon atoms Fatty acids with mono- or polyhydric alcohols are understood. Naturally occurring Esters of polyhydric alcohols are, for example, the glycerides more saturated and unsaturated Fatty acids and oxy fatty acids, such as those found in olive oil, rapeseed oil, coconut fat, castor oil and the like. Like. Present. A naturally occurring ester of saturated and unsaturated Fatty acids and saturated and unsaturated monohydric high molecular weight alcohols is for example the sperm oil. Synthetic esters can also be of both saturated as well as from unsaturated fatty acids and monohydric and polyhydric alcohols will.

Sulphation is generally used to refer to treatment with such agents are understood to be those responsible for the formation of sulphates or sulphonic acids of the neutral oils lead (L i n d n e r, »Textile auxiliaries and washing raw materials«, Stuttgart, 1954, P. 337, line 18 to page 338, paragraphs i and 2). The limitation to one degree of sulfation of less than 15 is intended to mean that in the claimed sulfated neutral oils no more than 15 sulfuric acid ester or sulfonic acid groups per 100 fatty acid molecules should come.

. Both alkali and ammonium salts and the salts come as salts organic bases in question, insofar as these are water-soluble with the sulfated neutral oils Connections result.

It was not to be expected that the emulsions would have such low sulfonation levels Neutral oils the often months-long, heavy mechanical stress on the drawing machines would endure without decomposing or buttering up.

As a result of the extremely strong smoothing effect of the claimed Sulphated neutral oils are obtained by using the same instead of soaps and Soap combinations with less wear on the drawing dies and cones are one excellently smooth, with no tendency to stick together during further processing Wire.

Due to the neutral reaction of the emulsions, the possibility of a superficial attack of alkali-sensitive metals is eliminated and the danger of tarnishing greatly reduced on storage.

Another major advantage of the claimed sulfated neutral oils is that their emulsions have no or only a very low foaming effect exhibit. This eliminates the manifold difficulties that caused by the accumulation of metal flakes in the foam cover.

Example i A copper wire with a diameter of 6.3 mm is inserted in a single pass drawn to i mm diameter using a drawing emulsion which pro Liter 80 g of the sodium salt of a sulfated sperm oil with a degree of sulfation of less than i2, a temperature of about 76'G and a pH of 6.8.

Example e A bronze wire with a diameter of 2 mm is pulled through drawn out to 0.2 mm in diameter, using a drawing emulsion which pro Liter zoo g of the sodium salt of a sulphated castor oil with a degree of sulphonation of about 4, a temperature of 6o ° and a pH of 7, o has.

EXAMPLE 3 An iron wire 0.5 mm in diameter is drawn out in one pass to 0.15 mm in diameter, using a drawing liquor which contains 10 g of the sodium salt of a sulphonated olive oil with a degree of sulphonation of 14 per liter, a temperature of 3ö ° 'and has a pH of 7.2.

Example 4 In the manufacture of wire mesh from galvanized iron wires the coolant and lubricant used is an emulsion containing 15 g of des per liter Triethanolamine salt of coconut fatty acid monoglyceride with a degree of sulfonation of 12 contains, a temperature of 20 ° 'and a pH of 7, o has.

EXAMPLE 5 A nickel wire with a diameter of 1.8 mm is drawn out in one pass to 0.3 mm using an emulsion which contains 100 g per liter of the potassium salt of a sulphated sperm oil fatty acid methyl ester with a degree of sulphonation of 13, a temperature of 40 '"and a pH of 7.1 is present in the emulsion.

Example 6 A hard steel wire 0.9 mm in diameter is used in a Pulled through to 0.2 mm in diameter in an emulsion containing 50 g per liter of the cyclohexylamine salt of a sulfated monopalmibic acid ester of ethylene glycol with a degree of sulfation of i2. The emulsion has a temperature of 30 '°' and a pH of 7.3.

Claims (1)

PATENT CLAIM: i. Use of aqueous emulsions of water-soluble Salts of sulfated neutral oils, consisting of natural or synthetically produced Esters from higher molecular weight fatty acids with at least 12 carbon atoms with mono- or polyvalent ones Alcohols with a degree of sulphonation of less than 15 for non-cutting cold working of metals, in particular of wires.