DE9412709U1 - Ultrafiltration pulse reactor - Google Patents

Description

B 02- ^Ob1 ·

29.05.1994 PA-Bo (UBE2B)

UBERA Engineering Office, 16515 Oranienburg, Lehnitzstrasse 73

Ultrafiltration - Impulse reactor

The invention relates to an ultrafiltration impulse reactor, in particular for use in technical systems for the continuous processing of raw liquid manure and similar biological waste products according to DE-P 42 12 196, with the production of biogas, solid fertilizer, liquid fertilizer concentrate and process water.

A large number of process patents have already been described and devices have been presented for the treatment of and energy generation from liquid manure and other biological waste water and sludge.

According to DE 39 05 265, thin liquid manure, which is obtained after separating the solids by filtration, is adjusted to a pH value of 11 to 14.2, then iron or aluminum ions are added in such an amount that flocculation occurs. The flocculated solids are separated from the supernatant and the supernatant is further processed using known methods.

The disadvantage of this process is that the entire liquid manure must be adjusted to a pH value > 11. The solids obtained must be neutralized after the proposed two- or multi-stage centrifugation (which represents a high level of technical complexity) in order to be used as fertilizer; the filtrate obtained must also be neutralized before it can be subjected to conventional water treatment. Furthermore, the multiple strong pH value regulation means that the amount of chemicals that have to be added, which then have to be disposed of as waste, is very high.

DE 39 11 024 proposes that the resulting liquid manure be circulated through a material that decomposes in interaction with the liquid manure and through a water removal device. Systems for reverse osmosis, evaporation or electrodialysis are recommended as water removal devices.

The internationally known status of the application of reverse osmosis shows that extensive pre-filter devices must be used before reverse osmosis in order to limit membrane fouling.

Reverse osmosis performed in this way results in a very rapid, serious drop in permeation due to fouling and scaling, which

cannot be remedied by cleaning with soft soap. The non-ionic surfactants in the soft soap further intensify the fouling process.

DE 39 28 815 presents a process for treating biomass, such as sewage sludge, liquid manure, etc., which is characterized in that the biomass is treated after pretreatment in a temperature-pressure hydrolysis (TDH) in the liquid phase at 150 to 300 ° C, preferably 180 - 300 ° C, in a single- or multi-stage hydrolysis system, optionally using inorganic catalysts such as Ca, Na and K, whereby a residual mass is obtained as a solid phase and a liquid phase enriched with monomeric valuable substances.

Through the action of hydrolysis and the application of inorganic catalysts, the biopolymers of a biomass sludge (grain, lipids, polynucleotides, polysaccharides) are broken down into monomeric materials (amino acids, fatty acids, fatty alcohols, etc.). Parallel to the hydrolysis taking place in the aqueous solution, the heavy metals accumulated in the raw biomass are converted into water-soluble compounds and dissolved in the hydrolysate.

The separation of this hydrolysate takes place in a membrane system with cross-flow filtration and reverse osmosis, whereby the heavy metals and salts are concentrated.

The disadvantage of this process is the high energy requirement for the temperature-pressure hydrolysis in the liquid phase as well as further separation and filtration steps for the hydrolysate preparation. In addition, the deamination and decarboxylation of amino acids, proteins, lipids and polynucleotides^ that occur during hydrolysis produces ammonia and carbon dioxide, which can escape into the air. This means that valuable ingredients for energy or fertilizer production are lost.

There are numerous other publications that deal with individual steps in manure processing, such as biogas production, composting, separation, filtration and ammonia removal. The solution to the entire, complex process of waste-free manure utilization is not affected by this.

The aim of the invention was to develop an ecologically, economically and technically effective process for processing agricultural waste products, such as manure from cattle, pig or poultry production, into biogas, compost and other biofertilizers while simultaneously recycling the process water completely, which was proposed in DE-P 42 12 196.

The invention is based on the task of making special technical changes to previously known ultrafiltration systems for mechanolytic treatment, limited enzymatic and microbial reactions and processes as well as a partial concentration of the various ingredients and partial return of the concentrates to accelerate the microbiological processes of the liquid manure ingredients, the micro-

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to activate the biological processing processes of gas and compost formation in such a way that these processes can take place continuously in the flow without delays in the gas formation and composting process occurring.

This problem is solved by the constructive features of the characterising part of the protection claim.

The advantage of the invention is that the allocation of tubular membranes in a UF pulse reactor with a cutoff value > 4,000 creates optimal conditions for designing the entire process sequence in accordance with the technical task set out in the underlying patent P 42 12 196. In addition, the ultrafiltration pulse reactor according to the invention can also be used for other processing plants which, for example, in biotechnology or food technology provide for a mechanolytic-enzymatic breakdown of ingredients while simultaneously concentrating them.

Further advantages and advantageous embodiments of the invention can be found in the following description of the embodiment, the drawings and the claims.

Example

The invention will be explained in more detail below using an example embodiment. The accompanying drawing shows

Fig. 1 Arrangement of a multi-stage UV pulse reactor Fig. 2 Acceleration chamber

Fig. 3 Cross-sectional view of the annular gap.

The UV pulse reactor according to the invention consists of the injection chamber 1, a slurry supply line 1.1, the pressure and circulation pump 1.2, the relaxation chamber 1.3 and the acceleration chamber 1.4.

Between the expansion chamber 1.3 and acceleration chamber 1.4 there is a pipe module 2 with filter membranes 2.2 and a filtrate outlet

2.1. Within the acceleration chamber 1.4, an annular gap 1.41 is formed at its outlet, whereby the individual filtration stages are connected in series via known pipe bends according to the amount of liquid manure to be processed and the activation target.

The UF pulse reactor is put into operation with water via a start-up line. The pressure and circulation pumps 1.2 draw the liquid manure into the system via an injector 1, 1.1.

At the outlet of the injector, the flow velocity of the thin slurry reaches at least 10 - 12 m/s in order to be able to flow in the expansion chamber 1.3 of the pipe module 2 and in the pipe module itself above the filter membranes

2.2 to achieve an average of 0.6 - 1 m/s. After flowing through the tube module 2 with a shear stress of, for example, 0.8 kgm~ ¹ s" and Reynolds numbers in the range of, for example, 1,000, the acceleration chamber 1.4, which is provided with an annular gap 1.41 for the pulse-like increase of the flow conditions,

Thin liquid manure is brought to a flow speed of up to 12 m/s at high pressure (10 to 12 bar). Shear forces of > 12 kgm~ ¹ s" ² arise here and a mechanolytic breakdown of the thin liquid manure takes place due to the resulting homogenization effect. On the one hand, the activation of the liquid manure according to the invention takes place via a series connection of several pipe modules or module blocks and, on the other hand, the pipe reactors equipped with semi-permeable membranes simultaneously fractionate the thin liquid manure and separate water and soluble accompanying substances such as salts, ammonium components, urea, etc. This filtrate is discharged via individual drains 2. l and processed separately in a reverse osmosis system to produce process water in accordance with the underlying DE-P 42 12 196.

To maintain the required operating temperatures of 50 to 60 ⁰ C, an annular gap cooling system 3 is integrated into the pulse reactor.

The liquid manure concentrate that has been activated in this way, i.e. prepared for microbiological and enzymatic degradation, with a concentration ratio of approximately 1:2 is then fed into a biogas reactor.

All features presented in the description, the following claims and the drawings can be significant both individually and in any combination with one another.

Claims (1)

B &udigr;2·06·9&EEgr;· 29.05.1994 PA-Bo (UBE2A) UBERA Engineering Office, 16515 Oranienburg TJltrafiltration - Impulse reactor Protection claim Ultrafiltration impulse reactor, particularly for use in slurry processing plants, consisting of the injection chamber (1), a slurry feed line (1.1), a pressure and circulation pump (1.2), a relaxation chamber (1.3), an acceleration chamber (1.4) . and a pipe module 2 arranged between the relaxation chamber (1.3) and acceleration chamber (1.4) - with filter membranes (2.2) and filtrate outlet (2.1) as well as an annular gap 1.41 arranged at the outlet of the acceleration chamber (1.4), which is connected in series in several stages via known pipe bends.