DE9404428U1 - Solar sterilizer - Google Patents
Solar sterilizerInfo
- Publication number
- DE9404428U1 DE9404428U1 DE9404428U DE9404428U DE9404428U1 DE 9404428 U1 DE9404428 U1 DE 9404428U1 DE 9404428 U DE9404428 U DE 9404428U DE 9404428 U DE9404428 U DE 9404428U DE 9404428 U1 DE9404428 U1 DE 9404428U1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- solar
- sterilizer according
- collector
- solar sterilizer
- chamber
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 12
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019483 Peanut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000312 peanut oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013517 stratification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2/00—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
- A61L2/02—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor using physical phenomena
- A61L2/04—Heat
- A61L2/06—Hot gas
- A61L2/07—Steam
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/14—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation using solar energy
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
- F24S10/70—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed through tubular absorbing conduits
- F24S10/75—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed through tubular absorbing conduits with enlarged surfaces, e.g. with protrusions or corrugations
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
- F24S20/20—Solar heat collectors for receiving concentrated solar energy, e.g. receivers for solar power plants
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S90/00—Solar heat systems not otherwise provided for
- F24S90/10—Solar heat systems not otherwise provided for using thermosiphonic circulation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
- Y02A20/208—Off-grid powered water treatment
- Y02A20/212—Solar-powered wastewater sewage treatment, e.g. spray evaporation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
- Hybrid Cells (AREA)
Description
Solarsterilisator * Solar sterilizer *
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Soiarsterilisator. Dieser ist sowohl für den Einsatz in
Krisen- und Katastrophengebieten, als auch für den ständigen Gebrauch in ortsfesten, medizinischen Stationen und Feldkrankenhäusern auslegbar.
Die Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, einen einfach handhabbaren Solarsterilisator zu
schaffen, bei dem die durch solare Einstrahlung im Kollektor erzeugte Wärmeenergie möglichst verlustfrei an das zum Sieden zu bringende Fluid
übertragen wird.The invention relates to a solar sterilizer. This can be designed for use in crisis and disaster areas as well as for permanent use in stationary medical stations and field hospitals.
The object of the invention is to create an easy-to-use solar sterilizer in which the heat energy generated by solar radiation in the collector is transferred to the fluid to be boiled with as little loss as possible.
Diese Aufgabe wird, gemäß der Erfindung, bei einem Solarsterilisator mit angekoppeltem Kollektor zur Erwärmung des Fluids mit einer handsteuerbarer Regeleinheit und Kontrollarmaturen gelöst. An die Sterilisationskammer ist der Kollektor durch eine flexible Verbindung in der Weise angeschlossen, daß durch die Druckerhöhung beim Sieden des Fluids die dampfförmige Phase am oberen Punkt der Kammer eintritt und die Luft über den am unteren Punkt liegende Luft- und Dampfauslaß gravimetrisch verdrängt.This object is achieved, according to the invention, in a solar sterilizer with a coupled collector for heating the fluid with a manually controlled control unit and control fittings. The collector is connected to the sterilization chamber by a flexible connection in such a way that the increase in pressure when the fluid boils causes the vapor phase to enter the upper point of the chamber and gravimetrically displace the air via the air and steam outlet located at the lower point.
Dieses Verfahren ersetzt ein sonst notwendiges und sehr aufwendiges Evakuieren der Sterilisationskammer,This procedure replaces the otherwise necessary and very time-consuming evacuation of the sterilization chamber,
Als Fluid wird bevorzugt destilliertes oder demineralisiertes Wasser eingesetzt,
wodurch die Bildung von Kesselstein innerhalb der Absorberrohre verhindert wird,
im Ölspeicher sind zur Wärmespeicherung Natursteine eingesetzt. Als
Wärmeübertrager wird hochsiedendes Naturöl wie z.B. Erdnußöl verwendet. Naturöle sind ungiftig, ökologisch unbedenklich und stehen nahezu unbeschränkt
zur Verfügung. Die dadurch gebildete Stein-Öl-Füllung des Wärmespeichers führt zu einer stabilen Temperaturschichtung schon während des Beladens. Diese führt
bei der Entladung und damit verbundenen Erwärmung des destillierten oder demineralisierten Wassers zu hohen Wärmeströmen und damit kurzen
Anheizzeiten, auch bei nicht vollkommen aufgeladenem Speicher. Sowohl die Sterilisationskammer als auch die opaken Flächen des Kollektors und des
Wärmespeichers sind zur Verhinderung von Wärmeverlusten gut isoliert. Das Wärmeausdehnungsgefäß des Stein-Öl-Speichers ist thermodynamisch
ausgekoppelt. Der Wärmespeicherkreislauf wird drucklos betrieben und läuft frei von Zusatzenergien durch thermosyphonischen Fluß. Das Heizmedium gibt dabei
im Wärmespeicher einen Teil seiner Energie ab und fließt durch den Ölrücklauf in
den Absorber zurück. Eine Rücklaufsperre verhindert zu den Zeiten, in denen der Wärmespeicher nicht über den Kollektor beladen wird, eine Umkehrung des
thermosyphonischen Flusses und die damit verbundene Entladung des Speichers über den Kollektor.Distilled or demineralized water is preferably used as the fluid, which prevents the formation of scale inside the absorber tubes,
Natural stones are used in the oil storage tank to store heat. High-boiling natural oil such as peanut oil is used as a heat exchanger. Natural oils are non-toxic, ecologically harmless and are available in almost unlimited quantities. The resulting stone-oil filling of the heat storage tank leads to a stable temperature stratification even during charging. When discharging and the associated heating of the distilled or demineralized water, this leads to high heat flows and thus short heating-up times, even when the storage tank is not fully charged. Both the sterilization chamber and the opaque surfaces of the collector and the heat storage tank are well insulated to prevent heat loss. The thermal expansion vessel of the stone-oil storage tank is thermodynamically decoupled. The heat storage circuit is operated without pressure and runs free of additional energy through thermosiphonic flow. The heating medium gives off part of its energy in the heat storage tank and flows back to the absorber through the oil return. A backflow preventer prevents a reversal of the thermosyphonic flow and the associated discharge of the storage tank via the collector at times when the heat storage tank is not being charged via the collector.
Die Dampferzeugung kann altemäfiv'ih einSm rrteht seter beheizten Kessel, z.B. mit einer elektrischen Widerstandsheizung oder durch eine außen vom Kessel liegende Wärmequelle erfolgen.Steam can be generated in a conventional heated boiler, e.g. with an electrical resistance heater or by a heat source located outside the boiler.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand eines Ausführungsbeispieis näher erläutert. Die Zeichnungen zeigen schematisch:The invention is explained in more detail below using an exemplary embodiment. The drawings show schematically:
Fig. 1 Mobiler Sterilisator mit FlachkollektorFig. 1 Mobile sterilizer with flat collector
Fig. 2 Mobiler Sterilisator mit konzentrierendem KollektorFig. 2 Mobile sterilizer with concentrating collector
Fig. 3 Innenraum-Sterilisator mit FlachkollektorFig. 3 Interior sterilizer with flat collector
Fig. 4 Innenraum-Sterilisator mit Flachkollektor und SpeicherFig. 4 Interior sterilizer with flat collector and storage
In Fig. 1 und Fig. 3 ist der Solarsterilisator mit einem Flachkollektor (10), sowie der Kapillaren (6), dem Wassertank (11) und der Befülleinrichtung (12) schematisch dargestellt.In Fig. 1 and Fig. 3, the solar sterilizer with a flat collector (10), as well as the capillaries (6), the water tank (11) and the filling device (12) are shown schematically.
Das im Kollektor (10) bis zum Siedepunkt aufgeheizte Fluid fließt als dampfförmige
Phase in die mit einem Luft- und Dampfausiaß (1), einem Sicherheitsventil (4),
einer Isolierung (5) und einer Kammertür (2) versehene Sterilisationskammer (3) und verdrängt die Luft gravimetrisch. Der Luft- und Dampfauslaß (1) ist als
handsteuerbare Regeleinheit ausgeführt und ermöglicht neben der Entlüftung der Sterilisationskammer (3) die Variation des benötigten Betriebsdruckes,
im Ausführungsbeispiel wird der Solarsterilisator über eine flexible Leitung mit
einem schräg gestellten Flachkoüektor (10) betrieben. Der Kollektor weist eine rück-
und seitwärtige opake Isolierung zur Unterdrückung von Wärmeverlusten auf. Als äußere Abdeckung des Absorbers dient eine Polycarbonatscheibe. Zwischen
dieser Polycarbonatscheibe und der Absorberfläche ist, um konvektive Wärmeverluste gering zu halten, eine UV-stabile, hitzebeständige Folie angebracht.
Diese Kombination führt zusätzlich zu einer Reduzierung des Gewichts und ist mechanisch stabil. Zur Absorption der solaren Strahlung ist unterhalb der
transparenten Abdeckungen (9) ein selektiv beschichteter Absorber (7) angeordnet,
wobei die beiderseitig des Kollektors angebrachten Spiegel (8) zusätzlich
Strahlung auf den Absorber reflektieren und zum Schutz der transparenten Abdeckung (9), z.B. beim Transport, zugeklappt werden.The fluid heated to the boiling point in the collector (10) flows as a vaporous phase into the sterilization chamber (3) equipped with an air and steam outlet (1), a safety valve (4), insulation (5) and a chamber door (2) and displaces the air gravimetrically. The air and steam outlet (1) is designed as a manually controllable control unit and enables the required operating pressure to be varied in addition to venting the sterilization chamber (3).
In the exemplary embodiment, the solar sterilizer is operated via a flexible line with an inclined flat collector (10). The collector has opaque insulation on the back and sides to suppress heat loss. A polycarbonate pane serves as the outer cover of the absorber. A UV-stable, heat-resistant film is attached between this polycarbonate pane and the absorber surface to keep convective heat loss to a minimum. This combination also leads to a reduction in weight and is mechanically stable. To absorb the solar radiation, a selectively coated absorber (7) is arranged below the transparent covers (9), whereby the mirrors (8) attached to both sides of the collector also reflect radiation onto the absorber and are folded up to protect the transparent cover (9), e.g. during transport.
Anstelle des Fiachkollektors (10) kann auch ein konzentrierendes System (Fig. 2, 2a) verwendet werden, wobei der Wassertank (11) sowohl parallel (wie im Ausführungsbeispiel dargestellt), als auch quer zu den Absorberrohren kommunizierend angeordnet werden kann.Instead of the flat collector (10), a concentrating system (Fig. 2, 2a) can also be used, whereby the water tank (11) can be arranged both parallel (as shown in the embodiment) and transversely communicating with the absorber tubes.
Als Innenraum-Sterilisator kann das'Systeffi sowohl mit (s. Fig. 4) als auch ohne
Speicher (s. Fig. 3) betrieben werden, wobei der Wärmeeintrag in den Speicher (18) sowie der Wärmeaustrag über einen internen Wärmeaustauscher erfolgt.
Beim Innenraum-Sterilisator mit Flachkollektor und Speicher (Fig. 4) fließt das Heizmedium, bei ausreichender solarer Strahlung, durch den sich einstellenden
thermosyphonischen Fluß über den Ölrücklauf (19) in den Absorber (7) zurück,
nachdem es den Ölspeicher (18) durchströmt und einen Teil seiner Wärmeenergie
abgegeben hat.As an interior sterilizer, the'Systeffi can be operated both with (see Fig. 4) and without a storage tank (see Fig. 3), whereby the heat input into the storage tank (18) and the heat output take place via an internal heat exchanger.
In the interior sterilizer with flat collector and storage tank (Fig. 4), the heating medium, if there is sufficient solar radiation, flows back into the absorber (7) through the resulting thermosiphonic flow via the oil return (19) after it has flowed through the oil storage tank (18) and released part of its thermal energy.
Eine Rückflußsperre im Ölkreislauf verhindert die Umkehrung der Flußrichtung und den damit verbundenen Wärmeverlust des Ölspeichers (18) über den Kollektor (10) während der Nacht oder bei zu geringer Einstrahlung.A non-return valve in the oil circuit prevents the flow direction from being reversed and the associated heat loss from the oil reservoir (18) via the collector (10) during the night or when the radiation is too low.
Die Sterilisationskammer (3) nimmt das zu sterilisierende Gut auf, wobei im Ausführungsbeispiel die Kammergröße nach DIN 58946 einer genormten Sterilgutkassette angepaßt ist. Der Solarsterilisator erreicht die vom "Deutschen Arzneibuch" (DAB 9/1986) geforderten Thermoresistenzstufen, was von offizieller Stelle bestätigt wurde. Der Solarsterilisator kann für die verschiedenen Anwendungsgebiete in unterschiedlichen Dimensionen und Ausführungen ausgelegt werden. Dabei ist die Dampferzeugung direkt über den Kollektor (10), über den Wärmespeicher (18) oder als Hybridsystem mit einem externen - nicht mit Solarenergie betriebenen - Dampferzeuger möglich.The sterilization chamber (3) holds the goods to be sterilized, whereby in the example the chamber size is adapted to a standardized sterile goods cassette according to DIN 58946. The solar sterilizer achieves the thermal resistance levels required by the "German Pharmacopoeia" (DAB 9/1986), which has been officially confirmed. The solar sterilizer can be designed in different dimensions and versions for the various areas of application. Steam can be generated directly via the collector (10), via the heat storage unit (18) or as a hybrid system with an external steam generator that is not powered by solar energy.
Legende:Legend:
Claims (10)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE9404428U DE9404428U1 (en) | 1994-03-16 | 1994-03-16 | Solar sterilizer |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE9404428U DE9404428U1 (en) | 1994-03-16 | 1994-03-16 | Solar sterilizer |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE9404428U1 true DE9404428U1 (en) | 1994-09-29 |
Family
ID=6906035
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE9404428U Expired - Lifetime DE9404428U1 (en) | 1994-03-16 | 1994-03-16 | Solar sterilizer |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE9404428U1 (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2006100062A1 (en) * | 2005-03-23 | 2006-09-28 | Krones Ag | Brewery plant and method |
| WO2011121592A1 (en) * | 2010-03-29 | 2011-10-06 | Hetero Research Foundation | Process for irbesartan substantially free of dimmer impurity |
| WO2010119457A3 (en) * | 2009-03-27 | 2012-09-27 | Council Of Scientific & Industrial Research | A manually operated continuous flow type drinking water disinfector using concentrated solar radiation |
| DE102011101951A1 (en) * | 2011-05-18 | 2012-11-22 | Juergen Supik | Mobile film sterilizer or collector, useful for absorbing solar radiation energy and killing germs, comprises welded and heatproof transparent and absorbing films that convert thermal energy into liquid by welding and positioning of films |
| DE102014018254A1 (en) | 2014-12-11 | 2016-06-16 | RSO Technology GmbH | STERLLSATOR FOR KEY DEMANDING OF OBJECTS AND OPERATING PROCEDURES FOR |
| CN105910081A (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2016-08-31 | 丁郭思伟 | Solar distilled water and hot water combined generation device |
-
1994
- 1994-03-16 DE DE9404428U patent/DE9404428U1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2006100062A1 (en) * | 2005-03-23 | 2006-09-28 | Krones Ag | Brewery plant and method |
| AU2006226580B2 (en) * | 2005-03-23 | 2011-09-08 | Krones Ag | Brewery plant and method |
| US8584665B2 (en) | 2005-03-23 | 2013-11-19 | Krones Ag | Brewery plant and method |
| WO2010119457A3 (en) * | 2009-03-27 | 2012-09-27 | Council Of Scientific & Industrial Research | A manually operated continuous flow type drinking water disinfector using concentrated solar radiation |
| US9156713B2 (en) | 2009-03-27 | 2015-10-13 | Council Of Scientific & Industrial Research | Manually operated continuous flow type drinking water disinfector using concentrated solar radiation |
| WO2011121592A1 (en) * | 2010-03-29 | 2011-10-06 | Hetero Research Foundation | Process for irbesartan substantially free of dimmer impurity |
| DE102011101951A1 (en) * | 2011-05-18 | 2012-11-22 | Juergen Supik | Mobile film sterilizer or collector, useful for absorbing solar radiation energy and killing germs, comprises welded and heatproof transparent and absorbing films that convert thermal energy into liquid by welding and positioning of films |
| DE102014018254A1 (en) | 2014-12-11 | 2016-06-16 | RSO Technology GmbH | STERLLSATOR FOR KEY DEMANDING OF OBJECTS AND OPERATING PROCEDURES FOR |
| CN105910081A (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2016-08-31 | 丁郭思伟 | Solar distilled water and hot water combined generation device |
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