DE930758C - Process for increasing the yields of useful plants - Google Patents

Description

It is known that balanced quinones or hydrotihinones and oxyquinones have fungicidal properties and that by treating seeds that have been infected by seed fungi, an increase in germination can be achieved with such substances compared to the germination of untreated seeds, this increase being achieved by eliminating them the formation of harmful inhibitors is caused by the seed fungi. It is also known that these substances have ^{a stimulating effect on the initial development of 1} <ier seedlings. It has thus been observed that tetrachloroquinoni in an amount of 0.25% x the weight of the seeds treated with it promotes the growth in length of the shoots and roots. This development, which is limited to the initial stage of plant development and is not reflected in the yield, is not specific for the halogenated quinones or hydroquinones or oxyquinones mentioned, but is also triggered by many other inorganic and organic compounds and is even required by modern seed dressings.

In contrast, it was found that through connections, with quinoid character or their reduction products in suitable doses

secure additional yields can be achieved with agricultural crops, the mn so larger the better the plants are with minieralischeiii Nutrients are supplied.

Unsubstituted o-quinanes, substituted oi-quinones, substituted oxyquinones and substituted oxyquinones, which can react tautoimerically as oxy-OHquinones, as well as substituted hydroquinones have proven to be particularly suitable for this purpose. The ίο said poking can both be ^1, in solid form or as solutions or suspensions, as well as together with the OA-High fertilizers which, bottom are fed. But they can also be applied to the plants to be treated. The optimum of the quantities in which the substances are added naturally depends on the properties of the respective soil and the climatic conditions. The substances are expediently preferably in amounts from 1 to. 10 kg (6 to 60 moles) per hectare applied.

The advantageous effects of using the substances countersigned according to the invention are not limited to the additional yield that can be achieved with it, but also relate to a greater resistance of the plant to adverse external influences. The increased crop residues also result in a better humus condition of the soil. The addition of the substances mentioned ultimately also results in better utilization ¹ of the fertilizers added to the soil.

The earnings effects described were from none of the substances mentioned above that are used to combat harmful fungi or as stimulants are known.

The practical effect of the inventive idea is illustrated by the following examples:

Influence of the grain yields of spring wheat, spring rye and oats by Th.ymohydn>

Try chinone in a vessel

In Mitscherliohgefäß were, if used of thymohydroquinone achieved the following results:

Additional yield. Rye through

3 mg thymohydroquinone per vessel,
with the nutrients below

mixed the soil up to 10%

9 mg thymoihydroquinone per vessel, with
the nutrients under the, soil

mixed 10%

18 mg thymohydroquinone per vessel, with
the nutrients under the soil
mixed 11 ° / o.

Increased wheat yield through
9 mg thymohydroquinone per container, with
the nutrients, under the soil

mixed <15%

18 mg thymohydroquinone per vessel, with
the nutrients under the soil
mixed 18%.

Increased oat yield by spraying the plants every seventh day during the first 10 weeks after the grain emerged with a total of
3 mg thymohydroquinone per vessel 11%.

Influence of the dry matter yield of spinach through various quinoid substances

When using 10 to 13 mg of the dhinoid substance per vessel, increases were seen in Mitscherlioh vessels of the dry matter yield · from 20 to 3.5% ■ obtained .. Ak quinoid substances were used: PentaoixyanthTachinon, Tetraotxyanthraquinone, Hexaoxyanthraohinon, 1,4-Dioxyanthra, -ahinon, 1,2-anthracenquinone, 2-methyl-3-o «yi, 4-naphthoquinone, di-tertiary butityl-o: -benzoehinone, Di-tertiary butyl hydroquinone, di-tert-butyl pyzkaitechin.

Influence of the yields of agricultural crops by thymohydroohinone in the field

• ' attempt

a) corn. In field trials, with some of the plots not containing powdered thymohydroquinone treated, but during the first 10 weeks after emergence! of the seed once was watered weekly with thymohydroehinone solution, the following additional yields were found:

by 10 kg / ha thymohydroquinone, administered in solid form i5 ^fl / »

by 2.5 kg | / 'ha thymohydroohinone, in

dissolved Foirm administered 9 ^fl / o.

b) potatoes. By watering the plants once a week during the first 7 weeks after emergence the seeds, with thymohydroehinone solution in a total dose of 2 kg of thymohydroquinone per hectare increased the tuber yield by 30%.

o) sugar beets. Treatment with thymohydroquinone was carried out in two ways, using the Thymohydroquinone as a powdery substance is sprinkled on the ground after sowing and chopped under or by planting once a week during the first 10 weeks of vegetation were watered with thymohydrac'hinon solution.

The beet yields were increased by ι kg / ha thymohydroquinone

Form administered by 10%>

10 kg / ha thymohydroquinone, in solid

Form administered "by 10%

elevated.

Claims (5)

PATENT CLAIMS: 1. Use of compounds with a quinoid character or their reduction products to increase the yield of crops. 2. Use of, unsubstituted 01-quinones, substituted o-quinones, 'sub ^ statuted oxyquinones, substituted oxy-pquinones, the tautomer as oxy-o-quinones. real- can yaw ,, or substituted hydroquinones according to claim ι. 3. Use of the substances according to: Claims. 1 and 2 in preferably such. Quantities- that about ι to 10 kg / ha, correspond !. 4. Use of the substances according to Claims 1 up to · 3 individually or together, with the usual Fertilizers as additives to the soil. 5. Use ^{1 of} the substances make claims 1 to 3 by applying them to the 10 plants to be treated. Attached publications: Swiss patent specifications No. 271 845, 280757; 15th British Patent No. 649 581. 1 509 529 7.