DE850176C - Switch for spark-free switching - Google Patents

Switch for spark-free switching

Info

Publication number
DE850176C
DE850176C DESCH4920A DESC004920A DE850176C DE 850176 C DE850176 C DE 850176C DE SCH4920 A DESCH4920 A DE SCH4920A DE SC004920 A DESC004920 A DE SC004920A DE 850176 C DE850176 C DE 850176C
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
current
switch
transformer
excitation
switched
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
DESCH4920A
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Leo Schueler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to DESCH4920A priority Critical patent/DE850176C/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE850176C publication Critical patent/DE850176C/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/54Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
    • H01H9/56Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere for ensuring operation of the switch at a predetermined point in the ac cycle
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/22Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism
    • H01H3/28Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using electromagnet
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H51/00Electromagnetic relays
    • H01H51/28Relays having both armature and contacts within a sealed casing outside which the operating coil is located, e.g. contact carried by a magnetic leaf spring or reed
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H51/00Electromagnetic relays
    • H01H51/29Relays having armature, contacts, and operating coil within a sealed casing
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/20Contact mechanisms of dynamic converters
    • H02M1/28Contact mechanisms of dynamic converters incorporating electromagnetically-operated vibrating contacts
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/02Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/30Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by dynamic converters
    • H02M7/32Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by dynamic converters using mechanical contact-making and -breaking parts
    • H02M7/36Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by dynamic converters using mechanical contact-making and -breaking parts with electromagnetically-operated vibrating contacts, e.g. chopper

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Breakers (AREA)

Description

Gegenstand der Erfindung ist ein Schalter, fier Wechselstrom stets im Nullwert unterbricht, wobei Funken- und Lichtbogenbildung vermieden wird. Zu diesem Zweck wird .der Schalter durch einen Elektromagneten betätigt, der von dem zu unterbrechenden Strom erregt wird, derart, daß die Erregung im Augenblick' des Stromnullwerts beginnt und die Unterbrechung während des folgenden Nullwerts erfolgt. Es sind demnach folgende Aufgaben zu lösen: i. Die Erregung muß stets im Stromnullpunkt einsetzen, ganz gleich, in welchem Zeitpunkt der Steuerschalter betätigt wird, bzw. der Schalter darf nur dann zur Auslösung kommen, wenn die Erregung im Stromnullpunkt einsetzt; 2. die Zeit zwischen dem Beginn der Erregung und der Auslösung muß gleich der Dauer eines Polwechsels sein; 3. diese Bedingungen müssen innerhalb eines weiten Bereichs der Stromstärke erfüllt werden.The invention relates to a switch for alternating current interrupts at zero value, whereby sparks and arcing are avoided. to For this purpose, the switch is operated by an electromagnet, which is operated by the to be interrupted current is excited in such a way that the excitation at the moment 'des Current zero value begins and the interruption occurs during the following zero value. The following tasks must therefore be solved: i. The excitation must always be in the current zero point no matter when the control switch is actuated or the switch may only be triggered when the excitation is at zero current begins; 2. the time between the start of excitation and triggering must be the same be the duration of a pole change; 3. These conditions must be within a wide range Range of amperage are met.

Die Art, wie diese Aufgaben erfindungsgemäß gelöst werden, sei an Hand des Bildes erklärt: i ist der zu betätigende Schalter, hier ein Kippschalter, der in geschlossenem Zustand dargestellt ist. 2 ist eine Solenoidspule, die bei Erregung den Eisenkern 3 nach unten zieht. lm Ruhezustand wird der Kern 3 von der Feder 4 nach oben gezogen und liegt am Anschlag 5 an. Der Erregerstrom der Spule 2 wird durch die Sekundärwicklung des Transformators 6 erzeugt, dessen Primärwicklung von dem zu schaltenden Strom durchflossen wird, aber im Ruhezustand durch den Druckknopfschalter 7 kurzgeschlossen ist. Wenn stets annähernd die gleiche Stromstärke geschaltet wird, kann an Stelle des Transformators auch ein Nebenwiderstand verwendet werden. Das Eisen des Transformators 6 ist so stank gesättigt, daß seine Sekundärspannung auch bei stark veränderlichem Primärstrom nahezu gleich bleibt. Nur für den Fall, daß der Schalter bei sehr niedriger Stromstärke oder sogar stromlos geöffnet werdün soll, kann auf dem Transformator 6 eine spannunggespeiste Hilfsprimärwicklung angebracht werden. Zwischen dem Transformator 6 bzw. dem Shunt und der Spule 2 liegt der Einweggleichrichter B. Die Masse des Eisenkerns 3 steht in solchem Ver iältnis zur magnetischen Zugkraft, daß er seinen Elul> während der Dauer eines Polwechsels, also ir, 1/loo Sek. bei 5o Hz, zurücklegt; am Ende des Hubes trifft er auf den Kipphebel des Schalters i znd unterbricht den Strom.The way in which these objects are achieved according to the invention is an Hand of the picture explains: i is the switch to be operated, here a toggle switch, which is shown in the closed state. 2 is a solenoid coil that is used at Excitation pulls the iron core 3 down. In the idle state, the core 3 of the Spring 4 is pulled up and rests against stop 5. The excitation current of the coil 2 is generated by the secondary winding of the transformer 6, its primary winding is traversed by the current to be switched, but in the idle state by the push button switch 7 is short-circuited. If approximately the same amperage is always switched, A shunt resistor can be used instead of the transformer. That The iron of the transformer 6 is so saturated that its secondary voltage is too remains almost the same when the primary current changes significantly. Just in case the switch can be opened at very low amperage or even without current a voltage-fed auxiliary primary winding can be attached to the transformer 6 will. The half-wave rectifier is located between the transformer 6 or the shunt and the coil 2 B. The mass of the iron core 3 is in such a relation to the magnetic tensile force, that he> during a pole change, that is ir, 1 / loo sec 50 Hz, covered; at the end of the stroke it hits the rocker arm of switch i znd interrupts the current.

Nehmen wir nun an, der Gleichrichter 8 lasse iur die positiven Stromwellen in die Spule 2 geangen, so bestehen folgende Möglichkeiten: a) Der Schalter 7 wird während der Dauer der negativen Stromwelle geöffnet, dann geschieht nichts vor dem Ablauf dieser Welle; erst bei Beginn der positiven Welle erhält die Spule 2 Strom und übt ihre Anziehungskraft während der ganzen Dauer der Stromwelle aus, so daß der Eisenkern @3 im Augenblick der nächsten Stromumkehr auf den Schalter i aufschlägt, der dann w@ä'hrend des Stromnullwerts unterbricht; b) der Schalter 7 wird während der Dauer der positiven Stromwelle geöffnet; dann bekommt die Spule 2 sofort Strom, der Eisenkern 3 setzt sich in Bewegung, kommt aber, da die Zugkraft nicht während der vollen Dauer der Welle wirkt, nicht ans Ziel, so daß keine Abschaltung erfolgt; während der folgenden negativen Welle wird dann der Eisenkern durch die Feder 4 wieder an den Anschlag 5 zurückgezogen, und hei Beginn der folgenden positiven Welle spielt sich der Vorgang, wie unter a) beschrieben, ab.Let us now assume that the rectifier 8 only allows the positive current waves in the coil 2, the following possibilities exist: a) The switch 7 is open during the duration of the negative current wave, then nothing happens before Expiration of this wave; only at the beginning of the positive wave does coil 2 receive current and exerts its attraction throughout the duration of the current wave, so that the iron core @ 3 hits the switch i at the moment of the next current reversal, which then interrupts during the current zero value; b) the switch 7 is during the duration of the positive current wave open; then coil 2 receives power immediately, the iron core 3 is set in motion, but comes because the tensile force is not during the full duration of the wave acts, does not reach the target, so that there is no shutdown; during the following negative wave the iron core is then replaced by the spring 4 withdrawn again to the stop 5, and at the beginning of the following positive wave the process takes place as described under a).

Zum Wiedereinschalten dient die Spule g. Die Wirkungsweise ist hierbei dieselbe wie beschrieben, nur wird derErregerstrom durcheinenSpannungswandler io erzeugt oder auch unmittelbar dem Netz entnommen. Die Einschaltung erfolgt deingemäß im Nullpunkt der Spannung, ganz gleich, wann der Druckknopfschalter i i geschlossen wird.The coil g is used to switch it on again. The mode of action is here same as described, only the excitation current is passed through a voltage converter io generated or taken directly from the network. The activation takes place accordingly at the zero point of the voltage, no matter when the push-button switch i i is closed will.

Claims (5)

PATENTANSPRÜCHL: i. Schalter für funkenfreies Schalten, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß seine ;Magnetspule durch einen von dem zu schaltenden Strom oder seiner Spannung phasenabhängigen Strom unter Zwischenschaltung eines Einweggleichrichters erregt wird und-die Auslösezeit so bemessen ist, daß der Schalter den Strom während des auf den Beginn der Erregung folgenden Stromnullwerts unterbricht. PATENT CLAIM: i. Switch for spark-free switching, characterized in that that its; solenoid coil by one of the current to be switched or its voltage phase-dependent current excited with the interposition of a half-wave rectifier is and-the tripping time is dimensioned so that the switch the current during the interrupts the current zero value following the start of excitation. 2. Schalter nach Anspruch i, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Erregerstrom von den Enden eines in dem zu schaltenden Strom liegenden Nebenwiderstandes abgenommen wird. 2. Switch to Claim i, characterized in that the excitation current from the ends of an in the shunt resistor lying on the current to be switched is removed. 3. Schalter nach Anspruch i, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Erregerstrom der Sekundärwicklung eines Transformators entnommen wird, dessen Primärwicklung von dem zu schaltenden Strom durchflossen wird. 3. Switch according to claim i, characterized in that the excitation current of the secondary winding of a transformer is removed, the primary winding of which is different from that to be switched Electricity flows through it. 4. Schalter nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Eisen des Transformators so stark gesättigt ist, daß die Sekundärspannung sich bei venänderlicher Primärstromstärke nur wenig ändert. 4. Switch according to claim 3, characterized in that the iron of the transformer is so saturated that the secondary voltage is reduced changes only slightly with variable primary current strength. 5. Schalter nach Anspruch 3, gekennzeichnet durch eine auf dem Transformator angebrachte spannungerregte Hilfsprimä,rwicklung, durch die der Schalter bei sehr geringer Stromstärke oder stromlos geöffnet werden kann.5. Switch according to claim 3, characterized by a voltage-excited auxiliary primary winding attached to the transformer, through which the switch can be opened at very low amperage or without current can.
DESCH4920A 1950-10-08 1950-10-08 Switch for spark-free switching Expired DE850176C (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DESCH4920A DE850176C (en) 1950-10-08 1950-10-08 Switch for spark-free switching

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DESCH4920A DE850176C (en) 1950-10-08 1950-10-08 Switch for spark-free switching

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE850176C true DE850176C (en) 1952-09-22

Family

ID=7424222

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DESCH4920A Expired DE850176C (en) 1950-10-08 1950-10-08 Switch for spark-free switching

Country Status (1)

Country Link
DE (1) DE850176C (en)

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