DE8329182U1 - Seed separator - Google Patents

Description

Dipl.-Ing. Hansherger Powilleit, 4000 Düsseldorf 12

Seed separator The invention relates to a seed singulating device.

Seed separators are designed to separate individual seeds from a seed supply in a precise and gentle manner and often release them from the seed separator at a specified time or length interval.

Such seed singulation devices are used in agriculture in some row crops such as corn and sugar beet as an essential component of precision seed drills for seed singulation» By driving the seed singulation device from the ground | a predetermined length distance is created between two &

Seeds are protected from the ground during exit from the device. I

if The creation of the seed furrow and the optimization of the emergence conditions are carried out by other elements of the precision seed drill. ,"'

The seed separation takes place by taking up individual seeds \ into correspondingly large openings (cells) as they pass through the \

&PSgr; Seed storage and subsequent distribution. |

The openings are holes or grooves that are regularly arranged on a cell carrier I. In mechanical devices, the i seeds are introduced into the cells by gravity, partly with or against I the centrifugal force. In pneumatic devices
negative pressure causes separation.

Cell carriers can be: cell wheels, perforated belts and ladles.

With row wheels filled internally, filling is supported by gravity through centrifugal forces acting on the seed. This system enables higher filling speeds and therefore driving speeds than systems filled purely by gravity.

Ejection from the cell occurs freely through gravity and/or centrifugal force, partly supported by scrapers.

All current cell systems have in common that the seed is accessible and therefore graspable perpendicular to the direction of ejection, at best on one side of the cell. This means that a targeted, reliable takeover of the seed from the singulation device by other components is not possible. The seed cannot be taken from a specific position in these systems. When such seed singulations are installed in single-grain devices, the grain is released freely. This leads to inaccuracies in the placement and makes it difficult to improve the embedding in the field in line with the seed position.

The invention is based on the object of creating a seed separating device with which individual seeds can be separated from a seed supply in a predetermined time* and/or distance sequence. The separated seed should be able to be removed from the separating device in such a way that it can be reliably taken over from the cell in the same position by a subsequent assembly.

The object is achieved according to the invention in that the separation is carried out via cells which are open in the ejection direction and two side surfaces which extend in the direction of movement of the cell carrier and are adjacent to the ejection surface and are essentially parallel to one another.

A preferred solution provides that the cell carrier has a rotatable, rotationally symmetrical surface.

To improve the filling of the cells when the cell carrier is in a substantially vertical position, it may be useful for the bottom of the storage container to be inclined towards the cell carrier in such a way that gravity pushes the seed supply towards the cell carrier.

In order to generate stronger centrifugal forces on the seed supply through friction, which improves cell filling, it is advisable for the seed supply to be positioned higher on the cell carrier than the height of the cell.

In order to prevent the seed from falling back out of the cell into the storage space when the cell is filled from one side, it is intended that the rear edge of the cell - in relation to the direction of movement - forms an acute angle with the fixed side wall of the storage container.

A fixed position of the seed towards the ejection side of the cell is achieved by the back wall of the cell forming an acute angle with the ejection side of the cell.

Securing the seed in the cell can also be achieved by designing the fixed seed guide of the ejection plane of the cell as a one-sided or central wedge guide.

In the area where the seed begins to be conveyed from the top, the cell that is open at the side must be covered. Before this covering begins, seeds that are only partially in the cell must be ejected. It is therefore advantageous that in the area before the seed guides on the side begin, the container base is guided into a plane that is as perpendicular as possible to the cell carrier.

/ 4

.J.

The conditions for the seed to enter the cell are improved by a large entry path. In order to obtain such conditions, the transfer path can be arranged outside the deepest area of the container and the quadrant following in the direction of rotation.

To avoid seed damage, the amount of stock that comes into contact with the cell carrier can be limited by separating the main seed stock by a wall in the storage container and limiting the amount of seed to only a portion of the stock that comes into contact with the cell carrier by the angle of the rubble or roll.

In order to adapt to different transfer conditions, it can be provided that the inner and outer fixed guides of the seed extend into the transfer area to different distances.

When using different peripheral speeds on the cell carrier circumference and on the assembly that receives the seed, an improved transfer can be achieved by radial forces generated from the difference in movement. To generate such forces, it can be provided that the front and/or rear wall of the cell lying in the direction of movement forms an acute angle with the ejection surface of the cell.

•J J J »I ·

Fig. 1 shows a cross-section through a string separator.

The cell carrier (1), which rotates around a horizontal shaft, is acted upon by the seed supply (2) on one side. A single seed (4) is located in the cell (3). The seed supply (2) rests on the inclined floor (5) of the container (6). Gravity (7) creates a transverse thrust (8) towards the cell carrier (1). This creates an increased friction force between the seed supply (2) and the cell carrier (1) compared to the pressure caused by transverse thrust forces alone. This also increases the centrifugal force (9) acting on the seed supply when the cell carrier (1) rotates, and the filling of the cell is also improved by an increased seed flow.

The guide plate (10) limits the seed supply on the cell carrier by the angle of repose of the seeds. This keeps a free space (11) above the seed supply, which allows the seeds to move freely under the influence of the rotation of the cell carrier (1) and thus reduces seed damage and ensures that excess seeds fall off optimally before entering the side cover.

The seed (2) lying in the cell (3) rests on the outside in a keyway (15) formed by the container base (5) and the fixed wall (*6) and rests against the fixed wall (16). This prevents it from rolling back into the container (6). A slot (17) can be seen between the container base (5) and the wall (16). This is used to remove the dust and abrasion that is unavoidable in the container during long-term operation.

In Fig. 2, the cell carrier (1) is shown from the side. A seed (4) lies in the cell (3). The slanted cell rear wall (20) can be clearly seen, which helps to press the seed against the outer track. After the lowest inlet area (18) follows the discharge area (19). Here, excess seeds are released from the row carrier (1).

The seed is then protected from falling out by the side guide device (13) and the outer guide device (14) during overhead conveyance. In the transfer area (12) the cell emerges from the guide devices and the seed can fall out or be safely taken over by other components through convenient side access.

The outer guide device (14) still guides the seed when it can already be grasped from the side. A certain lateral guidance is provided for the seed in this area by the design of the outer guide (14) as a keyway together with the pressure from the bevel of the rear cell wall (20). The front wall (21) of the cell (3) is inclined towards the ejection surface. At a higher peripheral speed of the receiving assembly, radial forces are generated that ensure reliable ejection.

Fig. 3 shows a longitudinal section through a cell. After passing through an inlet chute (21), the seed (4) enters the cell (3) and lies against the rear wall (20). The inclination of the wall to the direction of movement guides the seed against the fixed wall (16) and prevents it from rolling back into the container.

In Fig. 4, the corresponding angles of the container bottom are plotted over the inlet and discharge area. In the discharge area, the angle approaches zero.

Fig. 5 shows a schematic of a construction with a cell belt. The advantage is a longer intake area (18). To prevent the seeds from getting jammed between the belt and the rollers, the area between the free sand strands is completely covered (22). The discharge area (12) corresponds to the illustration in Fig. 2.

/ 7

Claims (10)

• · ■ 9 · ·· ■· Dipl.-Ing. Hansherger Powilleit, 4000 Düsseldorf 12 nspeechs 1. Seed singulation device, characterized in that the singulation is carried out via cells (3) which are open in the ejection direction and two side surfaces which extend in the direction of movement of the cell carrier (1) and are adjacent to the ejection surface and are essentially parallel to one another. 2. Seed separating device according to claim 1, characterized in that the cell carrier (1) has a rotatable, rotationally symmetrical surface. 3. Seed separating device according to claim 1, characterized in that the bottom (5) of the storage container (6) is inclined towards the cell carrier (1) in such a way that gravity presses the seed supply in the direction of the cell carrier (1). 4. Seed separating device according to claim 1, characterized in that the rear edge (20) of the cell - in relation to the direction of movement - forms an acute angle with the fixed side wall (16) of the storage container. 5. Seed separating device according to claim 1, characterized in that the rear wall (20) of the cell (3) forms an acute angle with the ejection side of the cell (3). / 2 ft · ■ r ·· ···· · • • 6. Seed separating device according to claim 1, characterized in that the fixed seed guide (5) of the ejection plane of the cell (3) is designed as a one-sided or central wedge guide (15). 7. Seed separating device according to claim 1, characterized in that in the area before the start of the lateral seed guide (16, 13) the container base (5) is guided in a plane as perpendicular as possible to the cell carrier (1). 8. Seed separating device according to claim 1, characterized in that the transfer section (12) is located outside the deepest area (28) of the container and the following quadrant in the direction of rotation. 9. Seed separating device according to claim 1, characterized in that the lateral or outer fixed guides (13, 15, 16) of the seed extend into the transfer area to different extents. 10. Seed separating device according to claim 1, characterized in that the front and/or rear wall (20, 21) of the cell (3) lying in the direction of movement forms an acute angle with the ejection surface of the cell (3).