DE8228891U1 - Device for separating air and iron oxide from water - Google Patents

Description

\ Patent attorneys · "?: ί. 'Ί · *:. · *) · ■.

(BEETZ &PARTNER,.;, ■,., '■'

^J Steinsdorfstrasse 10.8000 Munich »_ 4 _

DEC 20 188V

HITACHI, LTD., Tokyo,

\ Device for separating air and iron

oxides from water S

The innovation relates to a device for separating air and iron oxides from water in the preamble of claim 1 described Art.

Most of the main machines, fixtures, and piping in a thermoelectric power plant or other Power plants are usually made of iron and steel materials, and water of high purity is considered to be Circulating fluid used, the iron concentration in the System water controlled and treated by water treatment by adding a small amount of a chemical to the water is maintained for the purpose of avoiding corrosion of constituent materials. However, during this it dissolves System water used for a long time is iron

gradually out of the iron and steel materials and collects in the system water in the form of iron oxides (mainly as ferromagnetic Fe ₃ O ₄ and -g — Fe ₂ O ₃ ). These iron oxides are deposited on boiler tube walls, the inside of the turbine, high pressure feed water heaters, feed water flow meters «and various valves and cause various malfunctions such as ζ . B. (1) overheating of the pipes, (2) reduction of turbine output (' output power, (3) overload of the pumps due to increase

pressure drop and (4) inaccurate readings from flow meters. Therefore, it is in order to improve the reliability of a power plant and its output very important to remove iron oxides from water in feed water and condensation water systems.

An electromagnetic filter has been proposed to remove iron oxides from feed water in a feed water system Power station (U.S. Patent 3,841,486). The filter has a cylinder tube filter canister with balls made of .ferromagnetic material and an electrical coil to generate a magnetic field. The too magnetic ^ - sizing particles are made of steel. The coil for generating the magnetic field is loaded with such a current that the generated field strength is considerably above the Is the saturation field strength for the magnetizable particles. When the magnetic field is applied, field strength gradients occur in the spaces between the randomly arranged Balls at places where the contact axis of the balls has a vector in the applied field direction. On these Places / a field strength density occurs.

It is indicated that when the electromagnetic

Filter is installed in a parallel branch to the feed water tank of the steam power plant, the inlet line to the The filter comes from a chamber of the feed water tank, which is divided by a vertical overflow plate, while the outlet line of the filter ends in the other chamber. It is further mentioned that the filter between the backing pump and the main pump of each feed water pump and that the filter , · Also directly in the feed water flow between the high pressure

preheating outlet and the boiler inlet can be provided, where the filter must be designed for the full operating pressure of the boiler feed pumps.

However, the electromagnetic filter has such drawbacks as high power consumption and the need for a cooler for heat generation.

f A filter with a permanent magnet was also

f wraps, however, was because of the difficulty of removal

attracted iron oxides not so popular. In addition, was

a filter with resin or sintered metal is also

However, J V winds leading to such a problem as this Decrease in flow velocity as a result of

constipation. In particular, a filter with resin has one

Z Disadvantage due to the decomposition of the resin by hot food

water at around 150 ⁰ C. Hence it is the current one

* Practice that on the inside walls of the feed water line

separated in the feed water system of a power plant

To remove iron oxides by hand during the regular inspection of the power plant.

To solve these problems, some investigated the Inventor iron oxide formation points in a feed water

and condensate water system and analyzed the separation property of iron oxides at high temperatures, finding that particularly high effects can be obtained when iron oxides are detected and removed in a high pressure feedwater drainage system. B. a permanent magnet, in a high pressure feed water heater drain system of the feed water and condensate water system, r- that is arranged in a drain tank or in an air separator water tank. Some of the inventors then investigated iron oxide formation points and iron oxide content increase points in water systems in a power plant from the viewpoint of finding iron oxide detection and iron oxide removal points that would result in achieving the highest removal effects.

In a system of a typical thermoelectric power plant, as shown in Fig. ^ L, feed water into a boiler 14 through a condenser 2, a condensation water fall water tank 3, a condensation water pipe 4, a condensation water pump 5, a condensation water ^. Desalination device 6, a condensate booster pump 7, low pressure feed water heaters 8A to 8C, an air separator 9 with an air separator water tank 10, a feed water pipeline 11, a feed water pump 12 and high pressure feed water heaters 13A to 13C introduced, and ira boiler 14 steam is generated, which flows through a steam pipe 15, drives a turbine 1 and to Capacitor 2 returns. You can also see low pressure feed water heating device drainage pipelines 16A to 16C, High pressure feed water heater drain piping 17A through 17C, a drain pump 18, and bleed pipes 19A through 19F from the turbine 1.

• C

To iron oxide formation points in the system of a thermoelectric]! To clarify the power plant, a comprehensive water analysis experiment in various thermoelectric power plants was carried out carried out. As can be seen from the search results the iron oxide content in the system water at the outlet of the condensate water desalination device decreases 6, but in the downstream area the iron oxide content increases to the value at the outlet of the air atomizer 9 · The iron oxide content decreases again in boiler 14 · Accordingly, water in the high pressure feed water heater drain which is in the air separator 9 was to be introduced, analyzed, and a large amount of iron oxide was detected in the drain water. Even though the iron oxide in the condensation water system by the condensation water desalination device 6 is removed, as the water has a high iron oxide content of of the high pressure feed water heater drain pipe is introduced into the air separator 9, this increased Amount of iron oxide as scale in the high pressure feed water heaters 13A through 13C, the main feedwater flow meter and the boiler feed water adjusting valve, which are arranged between the air separator 9 and the boiler 14, and the iron oxides that were introduced into the boiler 14, are deposited on the water pipe wall of the boiler. Such is the formation of iron oxides on corrosion in the high pressure feed water heater drain piping system to return

Now some of the inventors found that, since the deposited on the relevant parts of the thermoelectric power plant Iron oxides formed in the high pressure feed water heater drain piping system were highest Disposal effects are achievable when iron oxides are in the high pressure feed water heater drain pipes

·> Q -ι

ITA to ITC or in the air separator water tank 10 is detected and disposed of just downstream of the pipelines I7A to 17c and to which the drain is returned will.

The inventors made further studies based on the above and found the most effective position for the arrangement of a magnetically attractive device and the most effective structure and the most effective arrangement the magnetically attractive facility »

The innovation is based on the task of providing a device for separating air and iron oxides from water z. B. for use in a feed water and condensation water system in a thermoelectric power plant, with an economical and simple operation and maintenance to develop and for this purpose a magnetically attractive device with the most effective structure and the most effective To construct arrangement in such a device.

This problem is solved according to the claims.

The magnetically attractive device is preferably in a manifold of the feed water line and more preferably arranged in a downpipe in the feed water pipe

Further refinements of the innovation are characterized in claims 4 to 12.

The innovation is explained in more detail using the exemplary embodiments illustrated in the drawing; show in it:

Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of a thermoelek-

- 10 -

trisehen power plant on which the Keuertaag is applied;

2 shows a cross section of an air separator;

3 shows an embodiment of a device to 5 for removing iron oxides according to the innovation, FIG. 3 being a vertical section of the device, Fig. 4 a section along the line V-V of Fig. 3 and Fig. 5 a Show cross-section along the line VI-VI of figure 3;

6 shows a cross section of an embodiment of a magnetically attractive device according to the innovation;

Fig. 7 is a side cross-section along the line VIII-VIII of Fig. 6;

8 shows a schematic representation of a test device for determining the relationships between the flow rate and the iron oxide removal;

9 shows another embodiment of a Vorbis 11 direction for removing iron oxides according to FIG of the innovation, FIG. 9 being a vertical section of the device, FIG. 10 being a sectional illustration along the line XII-XII in FIGS. 9 and 11, a sectional view along the line XIII-XIII of Fig. 9;

12th a
ricl j I • · ·· · ·· ··· ff rf ·· ·· · ··· * ··
• · t · · ···· ♦ · Execution example of the
Removal of iron oxides - 11
additional
ltuns; to the Pig.
until

according to the innovation, FIG. 12 being a vertical section of the device, Pig. 13th a sectional view along the line XV-XV of the Pig. 12 and Pig. 14 is a sectional view along the line XVI-XVI of Pig, 12 show;

Pig. 15 sectional views of yet another embodiment and 16 exemplary embodiment of the innovation, Pig. 15th a vertical section of the device and Pig. 16 is a sectional view along FIG Show line XVHI-XVIII of Figure 15;

17 shows a sectional illustration of yet another exemplary embodiment according to the innovation;

Fig. 18 is a sectional view taken along the line XX-XX of Fig. 17;

19 shows a side view of a feed water distribution trough which, in the exemplary embodiment according to Fig. 17 is used;

FIG. 20 is a schematic side view of one used in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 17 magnetically attractive device;

21 shows a schematic representation of an arrangement the magnets in the magnetically attractive device of Fig. 20;

22 is a sectional view to illustrate the attachment of a permanent magnet to a Plate in the magnetically attractive device in Fig. 20;

- 12 -

23 is a schematic representation of another experimental setup for determining the relationships between iron oxide removal and time.

The device according to the innovation for removing iron oxides is provided in the feed water line in an air separator.

An air separator has a% Luftabscheiderkammer 9A and an air separator-water tank 10, as shown in FIG. 2, which shows a cross section of a typical horizontal air separator.

The air separator chamber 9a is above the water tank and also with tub compartments 21 therein, a plurality of spray nozzles 22 at the top, inlets 23 for heating steam on the side and inlet 24 for high pressure feed water heater drains equipped

A downpipe 25 for feed water and a distributor 27 are provided between the air separator chamber 9A and the water tank 10 in communication with each other. Also are Pressure equalization pipes 26 are provided between the air separator chamber 9A and the water tank 10.

Feed water is allowed to flow into the air separator chamber 9A injected through the spray nozzles 22 and heated by the heating steam edge is vented, and the outflow, the in the air separator chamber 9A aas the inlets 24 for Outflow is introduced, all through the downcomer 25 in

flow through the water tank 10, where they are evenly distributed through a distributor 27 and through outlets 28 for feed water be returned to the boiler.

Non-condensable gases in the air separation chamber 9A are released to the atmosphere or into the condenser through a Port A and a valve B or C delivered. The opening A is connected to all of the spray nozzles 22 and the non-condensable gases are usually discharged into the condenser.

Details of a feed water line in an air separator j) are shown in FIGS. Fig «3 Fig. 4 is a vertical sectional view of a feed water line with a downpipe 25 and manifolds 27, Fig. 4 is one Sectional view taken along line V-V of Fig. 3, and Fig. 5 is a sectional view taken along line VI-VI 3, the flow of the feed water being indicated in FIGS. 3 and 4 by arrows 29.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 3 to 5 { example are iron oxide removal plates 31 based on

6 and 7 , as a magnetically attractive device in distributors 27 in a feed water line from the air separator chamber 9A to the water tank 10, through which the feed water flows as indicated by arrows 29. The plates 31 are arranged so that their longitudinal directions can be parallel to the axial direction of the manifold 27.

Fig. 6 shows the details of the iron oxide removal plate 31 in cross section along the direction of flow,

- 14 -

and Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VIII-VIII of Pig. 6th

The iron oxide removal plate 31 has a right I angular shell 34 made of non-magnetic material with a

flanged end and a plurality of washer permanent

■ magnets 32, which are inserted therein by spacers 33

1 are summarized. The disc permanent magnets 32 are in the case

j / arranged so that one has a maximum magnetic flux density

¹ ^ the entire surfaces of the plate 31 in the flow

■ i direction can get. A plurality of openings 27a

I to insert the plates 31 is on the tops of the I distributor 27 provided at suitable intervals, and I the plates 31 are inserted into the openings 27a I puts that the flange ends of the sleeves 34 at the top I of the distributor 27 can be attached. If necessary-

1 borrowed are seals (not shown in the drawing)

J between the flange ends and the top of the manifold

'ξ ■ inserted and fastened with bolts, etc.

1 ■

: i In this embodiment, the feed water is left

, · V_ in the air separator chamber 9A, the iron oxide content of which by

I Mixing in the high pressure feed water Keizgsrät outflow

'Has grown through with a higher iron oxide content

: ,, flow through distributor 27 of the feed water line, and

^ 'the iron oxides in the feed water are magnetic I Attraction by the irons provided in distributor 27

oxide removal plates 31 removed. The iron oxides are deposited on the plates 31 by magnetic attraction, and the plates 31 coated in this way can easily be removed from the distributor 27 after the plates 31 have been pulled out be cleaned through the openings 27a. And that can be the plates 31 with the iron oxides on it by the

Remove openings 27a by removing the bolts, etc. and pulling up the flange ends of the sleeves 34 by hand. Thus, the cleaning work can be done easily by workers perform that enter the water tank 1O and when it is shut down work at a power plant for regular inspection.

In order to obtain the basic data for the actual design of a device for more effective. and to obtain more economical removal of iron oxides, the inventors carried out the following experiment with an experimental device shown in FIG. Iron oxides, actual namely _t from a real thermoelectric power plant extracted scale-containing feed water was passed through the provided with a permanent magnet of BaO system ferrite 1.5 K Gauss line currents, to detect the relationship between the iron oxide removal and the flow velocity. It can be seen from the results that the iron oxide removal can exceed 80% if the flow velocity is set below 0.5 m / s.

Another embodiment of the invention is shown in FIGS. 9 to 11, which differs from that in FIG to 7 illustrated embodiment differs in that here the longitudinal directions of the plates 31 in a to Axial direction of the distributor 27 run perpendicular direction and there the plates 31 also one below the other are arranged offset in the axial direction of the manifold 27. With this arrangement, the feed water takes one Zigzag flow, so that the contact time of the feed water with the plates 31 is extended and consequently the iron oxide removal can be improved, as indicated by the arrows 29 '.

- 16 -

. FIGS. 1 to 14 show a further embodiment of the invention which differs from the previous two Embodiments differ in that in this embodiment the magnetically attractive device consists of circular cylinders 35 which, instead of the rectangular plates 31, are arranged in an offset position in the distributor 27.

As shown in FIG. 14, the circular cylinder 35 has a

r cylindrical shell 37 made of non-magnetic material with

a »flanged end and alternately stacked in it Spacers 36 and permanent magnets 32 *.

With this structure, there is less local variation 'in the iron oxide removal performance in the manifold 27.

15 and 16 show yet another embodiment of the invention, where in contrast to the previous one Embodiments the plates 31 are arranged in the downpipe 25 so that the longitudinal directions of the plates 31 can be parallel to the axial direction of the downpipe 25.

ν As described above, all of the feed water must

with increased iron oxide content due to association with the high pressure feed water heater drain higher iron oxide content can flow through the downpipe 25, and a similarly high proportion of iron oxide removal as in the previous exemplary embodiments can be achieved by this arrangement of the plates 31 in the downpipe 25 achieve. In addition, a large number of disks 31 can be provided in one place according to this embodiment, so that maintenance and monitoring can be carried out more easily.

- 17 -

17 shows a cross section of an air separator with a device for removing iron oxides according to FIG yet another embodiment of the invention, and Fig. 18 is a sectional view taken along the line XX-XX of Fig. 17, the lower end of the downpipe 25 above the normal water level (KIHN) of the feed water is located in the water tank 10, a water distribution pan 46 under the downpipe 25 for uniform Distribution of the feed water flowing down through the downpipe 25 in the longitudinal direction of the water tank 10 __ is provided and a magnetic box 45 enclosing permanent magnets 48, which will later be described in detail below, is provided in one piece with and under the trough 46 as a magnetically attractive device for forming a feedwater line.

In this embodiment, the magnetic box 45 is a top and bottom rectangular one Steel frame, and the upper ends of the box are attached to the top of the water tank 10.

The tub 46 has V-notched overflows 46a on the side ends of the steel tub 46 having a U-shaped cross-section, such as 19 shows, and holes 46b are provided at the bottom of the tub 46. Of the. The bottom of the tub 46 is on a slightly ' level higher than the NWN of the water tank 10, and the two ends of the tub 46 are fixed to the two short end plates of the magnetic box 45. In the magnetic Box 45 is a plurality of magnetic disks 47 shown in FIG. 20 on the frame of the magnetic box 45 attached.

In this embodiment, the magnetic disks

arranged vertically next to each other between the frame, however, they can also be inclined. The magnetic plates 47 can be attached to the frame if desired, but become an easily detachable arrangement and a corresponding structure preferred.

Referring to Fig. 20, details of the magnetic plate 47 are shown, which has a non-magnetic plate (e.g., austenitic (" table stainless steel plate)" and short permanent disk magnets 48 mounted thereon in staggered positions. In the case of this In the short disk permanent magnet of this embodiment, the diameters d of the disk magnets 48 must be equal to the minimum space between the magnets as shown in Fig. 21, whereby the magnetic flux 50 around the magnets 48 can become a maximum density and thus the iron oxide attraction performance can be improved.

To attach the short disc magnets 48 to the plates 47, each permanent magnet 48 is provided with a non-magnetic one Covered cap 49, which is attached to the plate 47 with the help of suitable means, such as. B. rivets, etc., is attached, such as

Fig. 22 shows. With this structure, the iron oxides deposited on the cap of the permanent magnet 48 can easily be detached, the permanent magnets 48 being protected against damage at the same time.

In this embodiment, the feed water flowing down through the downpipe 25 falls, as shown in FIG onto the feed water distribution pan 46 with the V-notched overflows 46a and the holes 46b, as shown in FIG. 19, and then the feed water becomes evenly along the full

-19 - k

Length of the tub 46 distributed in the magnetic box 45, with a test water level (VON) depending on the shape, size and number of the V-notched overflows 46a and holes 46b and also the flow rate of the feed water is maintained.

The feed water distributed in the magnetic box 45 runs between the magnetic plates provided in the box 45 f- through and then flows into the water tank 10.

Since the short disc magnets 48 are arranged in a staggered position on the plates 47, as shown in FIG. the feed water flows forward in a zigzag path between them. The feed water is created by the zigzag flow stirred up, and the iron oxides contained in the feed water can be effectively detected by attraction to the short disk magnet 48 with the caps 49.

The iron oxides on the disc magnets 48 can Easily clean by injecting high-pressure cleaning water on it.

NeuertmgBgeSä £ can, in particular through provision a magnetically attractive device in the feed water line between the air separator and the air separator water tank, achieve the following advantages.

1. It can get higher iron oxide removal because all of the feed water flows through the feed water line into the water tank and so the magnetically attractive device in the feed water line con tacted.

2. The magnetically attractive device is on a - *) caps 49 of the

Place provided. If they are outside the feed water line, e.g. B. in the water tank is provided, it must be in a considerably vast area, making maintenance and monitoring difficult magnetically attractive device, such as. B. the detachment of the deposited iron oxides; leads “If she goes against it is provided at a point in the feedwater line, such a difficulty can be overcome quite considerably.

3. The magnetically attractive device is provided in a simple manner. If they are outside the feed water line, ζ. B. in the water tank, is provided, you need a special heavy support structure, whereas if they is provided in the feedwater line, in a simple manner using the structure of the feedwater line can be attached.

4. The magnetically attractive device is protected against relaxation of the water in the water tank. Occasionally the water in the water tank becomes due to a fluctuation in the

ν load etc. in the water tank is tensioned, and an external force

acts on the structure in the water tank. The magnetically attractive device can, however, be protected if it is arranged in the feed water line.

The inventors examined relationships between iron oxide removal and time with one shown in FIG test facility shown when iron oxides were removed magnetically.

Iron oxides / real food containing scale taken from a real thermoelectric power station

water was in the test device according to Figure 23 under the same conditions as in the actual plant, that is 90 ⁰ C, pH = 9.2, with a permanent magnet of BaO system ferrite with 3 K Gauss and an initial iron concentration of 10 ppm examined , where changes in the degree of clarity of the feed water were measured over time and the iron oxide concentrations were calculated from this.

The iron oxide removal achieved essentially 100% after about 15 minutes.

There is a limitation that a permanent magnet is not used under a / coercive force reducing condition should be used when it is used to remove iron oxides from feed water, but in the case of use of a Ferj-itmagnets in the above embodiments the following advantages can be obtained.

a) Demagnetization due to impact, mechanical stress, vibration or change in the material structure is practically negligible, b) change due to aging is practically negligible, and c) demagnetization due to temperature occurs at the Curie point (450 ⁰ C) but there is no such problem with the use of the ferrite permanent magnet, since the feed water temperature in the feed water pipe is about 150 ° C.

The ferrite magnet is relatively brittle, but can be used in this way within the scope of the invention encloses it in a sheath, as shown in some embodiments, or covers it with a cap so that

itian has improved durability without the risk of peeling elimination of the magnets or an inclusion of fragments

the magnet in the feed water, if a magnet is damaged, t is reached.

I As described above,

I Iron oxides are economically and effectively made from feed water

Remove H by magnetic attraction by making a

| f , - magnetically attractive device in a feed water

I - provides a line that has an air separator chamber with a

Ί Air separator water tank in an air separator inside

I a feed water and condensation water system in one

I thermoelectric power plant connects.

Claims (1)

Patent Attorneys · _;: ; . »J · j. · .. Beetz & PARTNE *. ·:::. ·:: · ■ ·· Stelnsdoi ^. 10; 8000 monks 22 "* "* 2a DEL 188V G 82 28 Expectations 1. Device for separating air and iron oxides from water with - An air separator chamber (9A) which - Via a connecting line (25, 27) with - An air separator water tank (10) is connected, characterized by a magnetically attracting device (51, 35) arranged in the connecting line (25, 27) and composed of magnetic plates or circular cylinders arranged at a distance from one another. 2. Device according to claim 1,
characterized, that the magnetically attractive device (51; 55) is arranged in a distributor (27) of the connecting line (25) is. 5 device according to claim 1,
characterized, that the magnetically attractive device (31) in one Downpipe (25) of the feed water line is arranged (Fig. 17-18). 4. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the magnetically attractive device (47-49) in a magnetic box (45) is arranged in the distributor (46) of the feedwater line. 5. Device according to claim 1, 2 or 3 » characterized in that the magnetically attractive device is in the form of a A plurality of plates (31) each having a rectangular envelope (34) and a plurality of therein in one has a predetermined arrangement held magnets (32), 6. Device according to claim 5 »characterized in that that the plates (31) are arranged parallel to the longitudinal axis of the connecting line (Fig. 4-8). 7. Apparatus according to claim 5 »characterized in that the plates (31) perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the connecting line are arranged (Fig. 11-13). 8. Apparatus according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the magnetically attractive device is in the form of a A plurality of circular cylinders (35), each of which has one circular cylindrical shell (37) and a plurality of magnets (32 ·) and spacers alternately stacked therein (36) (Fig. 14-16). 9. Apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that that the circular cylinder (35) in offset from one another Are arranged. 10. Apparatus according to claim 5 or 8, characterized in that that the magnetically attractive device (31; 35) is removable. 11. The device according to claim 4,
characterized, that the magnetically attractive means consists of a plurality of plates (47), each of which thereon carrying a plurality of short disc magnets (48) each covered with a non-magnetic cap (49) and which are arranged in a predetermined pattern (Figs. 19-24). 12. The device according to claim 4,
characterized, that the magnetically attractive device (47-49) is removable.