DE8020835U1 - KIT FOR A ROOF ARRANGEMENT, ESPECIALLY FOR PLAYGROUNDS AND THE LIKE - Google Patents

Description

Engineering office and management consultancy Reinhard Bäckmann Ing. (Grad.) VDI Main street 151 A.

D-8751 üeimbuchenthal '15.7.198o

description

Textile roofing for playgrounds and similar open spaces

The invention relates to a simple but extremely variable roof consisting of a tension-free roof Support construction with roofing elements made of textiles, plastic films or pliable composite materials.

The use of this invention is intended to use play areas, pedestrian centers, communication areas as well as allow and improve open spaces of all kinds in different weather conditions, Stop roofs and music pavilions are also conceivable. At the same time there are proven more attractive, user-effective canopies with special additional effects such as noise reduction and controllable influencing of the microclimate by appropriate selection of optical, acoustic and aeromechanical Properties of the roofing material, as well as; .. by adding the individual elements and certain. Graduations also offer options for targeted flow control the air layer close to the ground.

Textile or roofing with pliable membrane materials have been known for several decades e.g. as convertible roofs, tents, light planar structures, Air domes, sun sails or so-called membrane constructions. While with tents the optical impression is not sufficient for the task to be solved,

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Air halls are permanently exposed to the danger posed by the users, the light surface structures and membrane constructions are often only unique architectural solutions with a monumental character. Particularly disturbing, however, "with the pre-tensioned membrane constructions, are the rope anchors that are usually added to the static support structures, which divert the forces into the ground with ground anchors or light foundations. Here, especially in playgrounds, there are dangerous moments, _% because people playing at flat anchoring angles, usually not very pay attention to their surroundings, can bring them down dangerously. In addition, the unique planning solution for a roofed object is out of date and causes increased costs. as, as mentioned, obstacles in terms of security and costs have not yet been removed,

The object of this invention is therefore to create a stable, but attractive roof, which is unfavorable above all Can protect weather conditions, may also accommodate playground equipment as a secondary function can, safety-related and statically problem-free, as well as the costs of the covered area are reasonable Frame holds because such objects are often only planned at the end of construction work or even afterwards. Finally, there is a requirement for quick assembly and tensioning or dismantling of the invention Object due to technical not essential, pre-formed cheese juices with years of durability, whereby the roof elements can be exchanged for the same, should be similar or completely different elements, with retention or desired change of the function. In addition, the individual static elements,

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Forms and functionaries instead of often in j as before! One-off production manufactured in an industrial manner j can also be used for manufacturing purposes

j to find optimal solutions.

j This complex task is thereby achieved according to the invention

j solved that in known foundations with incorporated

I teter round pipe sleeve round supports with pipe or solid '

I cross-section made of load-bearing material, solid or demountable

I are attached animalably. The supports can, depending on the

j set purpose have different heights above ground,

j the distance and the position of the supports are also

! each other only through static or functional conditions

¹ , but preferably all distances in a 5 meter grid, whole multiples or parts

\ be chosen. In order to achieve the solutions according to the invention

I. ensure that all supports are parallel to each other.

I directed, usually perpendicular to it, one or more

j round sleeves located on the supports both in the rail dialer and in the vertical direction of the locally

■ good fastening and tensioning of flat,

spatial or pneumatic pliable membranes made of textiles, plastic films or textile composite materials can serve. The receiving sleeves are included designed so that they pass quickly over the support, which is possible thanks to standardized tubes and diameters. These sleeves, in turn, carry elements that are used for application, standardized rope accessories are suitable, as well as one Can be locked so that it can be clamped on the support in any position; it is advantageous to use this a slotted sleeve or a fastening with symmetrically arranged clamping screws certain Resilience. According to their position, the sleeves are divided into high-point sleeves and low-point sleeves, and can carry rope attachments at any angle. The low point sleeves are used to attach deeper ones Membrane points in every position, whereby the

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tion of the. Membrane through vertical packaging of the Low point sleeve can be introduced. A high point sleeve serves the defined support of high-lying membrane points, again under random Angle, whereby the high-point sleeve can be moved vertically up or down by means of a clamping screw with a large clamping path and high clamping force can. In addition, the supports have a correspondingly strong pressure plate.

While the low-point sleeves can easily provide the membrane pre-tensioning, the high-point sleeves can be used to introduce the round rope tension that is many times stronger. The high point sleeve itself is fastened like the other sleeves on the support in any position. In the case of small spans, ie column spacing, the correctly dimensioned supports are completely sufficient to take over the membrane forces without endangering the stability; however, if larger spans or more complex membrane shapes are to be used, tensioning cables with the disadvantages already mentioned would have to be used. In order to avoid this, sleeves are again pushed to fit over supports that are connected to a receiving tube for a cross brace. This then absorbs the membrane or rope forces as a compression rod. The sleeves for the cross braces are in turn movable and rotatable on all sides to be attached to the supports in the manner described, whereby the cross tubes can be used not only for power transmission, but also for attaching play equipment, side walls or membranes. By suitable shaping of the transverse struts even round or dome-shaped cantilevered canopies are ^i. possible. In principle, the cross tubes can be mounted around their axis of rotation with pressure bearings on their end faces, which means that membrane holders that can be retightened automatically result or so-called rolling membranes can be used. The supporting structures

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are modularly based on a large number of Roof shapes and roof materials matched, with the shapes of the membranes being geometrically simple Preference is given to land in order to gain cost advantages. Smaller spans are used with Equipped with membranes, which are composed of strips when using simple edge hems and fastening eyelets. These membranes are hooked into the high, ■ and low point sleeves and through vertical Adjustment of the same tensioned without creases. The invention thereby becomes more difficult design requirements fair that high-strength, low-stretch ropes are lined in the membranes in a known manner, with however, the ropes are not firmly connected to the membrane material. Knowing the mechanical Material properties and, depending on them, the edges of the membrane are preformed so that when it is attached of the membrane with fitting and tendon usually only in one high point when the low points are spanned a centered, stable position of the membrane on the edge ropes results, which has been proven by tests. Simple shapes such as triangular and square membranes come without the calculated shape of the membrane edges additional membrane tensioner. All-round pull through the tension ropes is sufficient, even under traffic loads to take stable forms. Known materials such as fabric are coated as membrane material Fabrics, flocked fabrics, foils, shadow nets, also in glass fiber or steel reinforced form, depending on Can be used as required, the optical filter function being adapted to the task. Double membranes with the same or divergent form are in the invention ■ according to the system readily applicable. It is noted that all individual features and all possible combinations are essential to the invention.

With such a modular system for textile cover! For playgrounds and similar open spaces, there are particular advantages. From a set of uniform combinable, addierbarer components countless attractive shapes without restriction of the freedom of design can be selected, with sense protective rain, general weather protection or game system can stand in the foreground depending on the function design and fabric, _v protection. For manufacturers and users, this results in cost advantages with easy compliance with safety-related and static rules. Assembly and disassembly are problem-free, since confusion>. ' and errors are kept to a minimum. Particularly advantageous are the simple creation of the foundation while avoiding additional bracing and the adjustability of the clamping sleeves on all sides in order to achieve smooth and permanent membrane tension, which is essential for maintenance effort and the service life of the membrane. The additional tensioning function on the high-point sleeve for ropes and membranes allows the use of all possible membrane materials, including those with extremely low elongation. In combination with the pressure rods described, multiple or pneumatic membranes can also be used. The possibility of clamping on all sides allows the use of simple membrane cuts and, if the pre-tensioning of the edges is to be calculated, a fold-free centering of the same. An important advantage of the invention, however, lies in the possibility of widespread use in practice and the extended use of playgrounds and similar open spaces. . · ·

Various embodiments of the invention are in the drawings, and are described in more detail below, without referring to these few forms to be limited. It show in different Standards

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Pig. 1 * the perspective view of two interconnected elements in an exemplary embodiment as sun protection,

Pig. 2 a section through the coupled system with the system of high and low points and clamping options,

Pig. 3 the top view of the same elements with membrane ,

Pig. 4 the section through a high point mounted on a support,

Pig. 5 the section through a low point mounted on a support,

Pig. 6 the connection of rope, membrane and support at the high point, the tension point,

Pig. 7 a perspective view of the cross pipe outlets (cross support outlets),

Pig. 8 the finished membrane in plan view, Pig. 9 the procedure for tensioning the membrane,

Pig. 1o a perspective view of a star-shaped canopy,

Pig. 11 a perspective design as a pavilion with automatic re-tensioning of the membrane,

Pig. 12 a perspective drawing as a double membrane with high-low points and on all sides Curvature of the diaphragm.

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On the natural or laid-out ground 1 are spaced apart and any geometric Arrangement of the parallel, preferably vertical supports made of steel, aluminum or GRP and wood 2 in Foundation sleeves statically fixed, but releasably anchored to the ground. Instead of the foundation sleeves 3 can Of course, other fastening means, in particular foundation bolts, can also be used. Round sleeves and supports 4 »are advantageous in order to maintain the rotatability. The Low point sleeves 5 attached with known clamp connections so that vertical and radial movements to Support become possible. The same applies to the high point sleeves 6, only with the difference that the path of the High point sleeves is limited by clamping means and support cover in the vertical direction. Any prop can So accommodate a high point sleeve and several low point sleeves, which are provided with different cable connections are. In the high and low point sleeves there are fastenings for round ropes 7 or directly for the membranes 8 provided. The tension ropes preferably consist of sheathed steel ropes or high-strength textile ropes depending on the purpose. The inwardly directed round tensions resulting from larger membrane areas are taken up by pressure rods 9. These can also be omitted if appropriate Dimensioning of the parallel supports 2. The particular advantage of the horizontal compression bars 9 is that Possibility of attaching side parts, membranes or play equipment to this, whereby the pressure rods can be inserted as desired the height and can be used in multiple arrangements, can also be curved, and thus other tasks are conceivable for the roofing system according to the invention. The cross support compression bars are attached in Sleeves 1o that fit quickly over the supports, and short pipe pieces 51 divided from above in an angular oiar cruciform arrangement for simplified horizontal

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Carry the support of the pressure supports. With that a person can assemble these parts. These sleeves, in turn, are clamped onto the supports, and easy with the pressure rods connected during assembly. The universal tensioning possibility of the membrane is mainly in the parallel The positions of the supports in relation to one another are established, and due to the linear and translator movement options 11 and 12 and 13 and 14 of the as it were as a system of Functional elements of the foundation sleeve, support, high point and low point sleeve. As can be seen, all conceivable shapes and tensions can thus be introduced. This means but not that the main area of application is | complex roofing structures, but | j these are only shown possibilities. For reasons of cost, it is advisable to use simple, material and shape and color-acting membranes and roofing worked, as in the case of a pure sun protection function, and for loosened up Shading of surfaces. The opening 16 must of course be closed when used as weather protection, what can be done by full, square or other membrane sails with high point 17 and low points 18. In FIG. 19, the ability to add up indicates how larger areas in any desired starting from the individual element 2o Arrangement can be considered, the connectivity given by high and low point and cross sleeves is.

The high point sleeve 6 is essentially a straight line, consisting of a tube 21 with in the closed Front side embedded fine thread and the movement and adjusting screw 22, also as fine thread and made of high-strength material in order to transfer tensile and compressive forces perfectly. This is what this adjusting screw is for rotatably mounted in the head cover of the support 2 by two sliding rings 23. These slip rings are attached to the motion screw with high-strength pins, and pre-assembled with the support. Is the pretension in ropes

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and diaphragms are introduced via the tensioning path 26, the high point is tightened with the adjusting screws 24, but releasably connected. In 25 the ropes and tensioning elements are attached. According to the invention are Forming adapter sleeve high point sleeves with certain geometrical relationships such as 27 and 28 in order to create corners to avoid the action of clamping forces and to reduce the surface pressure in the pipes. In the. crucible the high point sleeve is used perpendicularly, what however, it does not exclude the fact that horizontal or other positions are also useful in complex designs. The low point sleeves 5 are also fastened to the supports 2 with the fastening means 3o. You wear the Cable and membrane suspensions 29, and allow the all-round displacement 31 and rotation of the sleeves. Even these can be used vertically and in other positions. Again, the mechanical-geometric ones must be observed Conditions in a straight line. With the low-point sleeves of this version, there are only low clamping forces possible, but again a mechanical tensioning device as indicated at 32 is conceivable, analogous to the High point sleeves. In general, however, this will not be necessary.

Γη of the high point sleeve 6 are cables 7 and membrane 8 as drawn attached, where 22 represents the clamping screw. As is well known, the ropes are with To attach thimbles and shackles 33 to the bracket 29, the rope tension and membrane tension through Shifting of the high point and low point sleeve takes place. Additionally However, if the membrane geometry is difficult, a clamping part 36 is fastened in one on the membrane Fitting 34 intended for the elimination of expansion folds, whereby to relieve the membrane and for additional Power transmission with a welt or round material in the Corner 35 is incorporated to prevent slippage ·. It remains to be mentioned that the rope attachment 33 takes place

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with shackles and thimbles also possible with fork heads is. Likewise, the fitting 34 can also go beyond the ropes, and in the form of an upper and a lower part be formed clamping.

The membrane 8 was created in the simple, triangular design by connecting strips and seams 37. The seams are expediently arranged according to manufacturing aspects, but they can can also be placed in the directions of force 4o. In 38, i.e. in the corners, stepped doublings are provided, the reinforcement and the secure attachment of fitting 34 and piping 35 in the high points or Serve clamping points. The outer profile of the membrane results from calculation in a coordinate system XY on the basis of the material properties and directions of force, with geometric Points 39 result as a limitation of the untensioned membrane. The line 43 is through the spatial function of the supports given, whereby distortions due to unwinding have to be considered. In the tensioned state it then results the desired geometry 44. The seams 41/42 are adapted to the rope diameters, with the same rope diameters being used as a rule. Depending on the force and rope length, it may also be necessary to use different rope diameters in order to geometrically to obtain similar expansion ratios.

A membrane is tensioned in such a way that first the low points in 45, individually or all, are lowered, in order to achieve a uniform pre-tension, then the high point is mechanically through the described The high-point sleeve in 46 is raised in order to tension the ropes in a defined manner, and finally the membrane in 47 is wrinkle-free mechanically tensioned. With this universal clamping option, there are requirements for the cutting accuracy and the mounting deviations in far less

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Dimensions than 'in previous constructions, with what Cost advantages are connected, as well as textile building in self-help should be possible. The efficiency of the system is described by further applications in FIGS. 9 and 1o and 11, the star-shaped Variant can be derived directly from the variant described here as an example, and is used without the connecting struts. The example is somewhat different of the pavilion. Here, square membranes 48 are used, and arranged in a roof shape, and the Supports and membranes are in turn coupled to the cross struts 9 via the high point sleeves 6 and low point sleeves 5. There are also supports 2 of different heights to emphasize the pavilion character. There are also double membranes 49 and 5o conceivable, the inner one being made of a mesh-like membrane material, which is particularly important in music pavilions or playgrounds for controlled sound calculation can be advantageous. The highs and lows are used again in the manner described. If necessary, it is possible with the inventive Textile roofs close off one or more open sides with additional membranes attached at the low point, which can also be easily removed again. The canopy according to the invention can be fixed and floating can be assembled quickly by one or two people, and can be set up again at any location and could be dismantled or left in place so that it could be used in innumerable variations for any and the most varied of purposes can be used in municipal, commercial and private sectors.

Claims (14)

■ t «<I« t «ΛΛ » 9 • · t · · ro «· Protection claims Construction kit for a roof arrangement, in particular for playgrounds and the like j> with at least three vertical supports that can be anchored in the ground and at least one polygonal Roofing element made of a pliable material that has connecting elements at its corners its connection to the vertical supports, characterized in that each vertical support (2) a mounting sleeve (5, 6) which can be displaced on it and can be locked on it is assigned, which at least a: holding element (29) for releasable connection with the connecting elements (33) on the roofing element (8), (15), (48), (49), (50), and that at least one mounting sleeve (5, 6) for its adjustment along the associated vertical support (2) Clamping device (22,32) is assigned, on the one hand on the holding sleeve (5,6) and on the other hand engages on the vertical support (2). 2. Kit according to claim 1, characterized in that the vertical supports (2) closed at their upper ends are and that the adjustable by means of the clamping device sleeve (6) at one end duroh a cover is closed, which has an axial threaded bore into which a clamping screw (22) can be screwed is so that it protrudes with its free end into the sleeve interior. 3. Kit according to claim 2, characterized in that the clamping screw (22) with its free end the end cover the vertical support (2) penetrated and freely rotatable but axially immovable by means of support rings (23) engages on the vertical support (2). 4. Kit according to claim 1, characterized in that the sleeve (5) which can be adjusted by means of the clamping device is open at both ends and has an axially normal flange with at least one axially parallel bore carries, in which a clamping screw (32) engages, the other hand connected to a with the vertical support (2) Attacks flange. 5. Kit according to claim 4, characterized in that the flange connected to the vertical support (2) is formed by a retaining ring that is displaceable on the vertical support (2) and lockable on it. 6. Kit according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that that the retaining sleeves (5,6) and / or the retaining ring by means of at least one radially directed Clamping screw (24,30) can be fixed on the respective vertical support (2). 7. Kit according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by dadur.ch, that the connecting elements are formed at the ends of tension cables (7) which extend lengthways each edge of the roofing element (8), (15), (48), (49), (50) extend. 8. Kit according to claim 7, characterized in that the roofing element (8), (15), (48), (49), (50) on each Edge has a hemstitch (41, 42) in which the respective tensioning cable (7) is guided. 9. Kit according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that that the tension ropes (7) have loops at their ends and that the retaining elements are formed by eyes (29) are to which the loops can be attached by means of shackles (33). 10. Kit according to one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that indicates that the tensioning cables (7) are formed by plastic-coated steel cables. 11. Kit according to one of claims 8 "to 10, characterized in that that at the corners (38) of the roofing element (8) between the ends of the hollow seams (41,42) Anchoring element (34) for a tensioning cable (36) is attached, the other end of which is attached to the holding sleeve (5,6) engages and the length of which is adjustable. 12. Kit according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that that at least two of the vertical supports (2) each one that can be pushed onto them and locked on them Ring (10) is assigned, the at least one connecting piece (51) for connection to a has two vertical supports (2) interconnecting cross brace (9). 13 »kit according to claim 12, characterized in that the connecting pieces (51) protect from parallel to the axis Sleeves formed and each penetrated by at least one diametrically directed fastening screw are. 14. Kit according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that the cross struts (9) have the same cross-sectional dimensions like the vertical supports.