DE78841C - Innovation in galvanic elements - Google Patents

Description

IMPERIAL

PATENT OFFICE ^

PATENT LETTERING

CLASS 21: Electrical apparatus.

WILLIAM WALKER jun. in BIRMINGHAM

FRANK RICHARD WILKINS in HANDSWORTH

and JABEZ LONES in SMETHWICK (England).

Innovation in galvanic elements.

Fatentirt in the German Empire from February 15, 1894.

a galvanic egg

The present invention relates to galvanic elements and aims to improve polarization by the oxygen in the air.

Amalgamated zinc is used as the positive electrode and carbon as the negative electrode. whereby the electrolyte consists of a strong solution of caustic soda or caustic potash. It is however, the use of a different electrolyte is not excluded.

In the accompanying drawing represents

Fig. 1 partly in view, partly in vertical section
ment according to the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a top view of the same;

Fig. 3 illustrates partly in a view, partly in a vertical section another embodiment of the element;

Fig. 4 is partly a view from above, partly a horizontal section, that of Fig. 3 shown element.

α is a porous cell that contains the electrolyte. It is arranged concentrically on the raised floor of the perforated, glazed clay vessel, b in its central part. The latter is on an inner one. Flange d ^{3 of} the flat container made of the same mass d. The screw-threaded end of a bent metal tube e is screwed into the bottom of cell α and vessel b , which is held in place by rubber washers hh ² , metal washers g g ² and screw nuts ff ¹ . As a result of this fastening of the tube e , the porous cell α is held at the same time on the raised bottom of the perforated vessel b . The space C between the pierced. Vessel b and the porous cell α are completely or almost completely filled with crushed charcoal, which forms the negative electrode of the element. After the wall of the cell α to get finer coal for use as in the b for the vessel, to nearby part of the space C, Fig. 1. One or more of the carbon plates or rods C ² (in the drawing the three shown) are inserted into the Charcoal is used, and that these plates or rods C ² extend from the top to the bottom of the vessel b. The upper ends of said plates or bars C ² are covered preferably with leaden caps and with screws c ³ and nuts c ^4, through which, in conjunction with the metal rings ² w is the carbon plates or rods C are conductively connected to each other. The upper end of the vessel b is closed with an annular plate r made of asphalt or a similar material.

The amalgamated zinc cylinder Z, which forms the positive electrode of the element, is formed by means of zinc strips /, which are made of one piece with the zinc cylinder Z, in which

Electrolyte collected. The outwardly bent ends of the strips / rest on the upper edge of the porous cell a.

The lead wire or metal band s, which forms one of the pole terminals of the element, is connected to the zinc cylinder, while the other pole terminal is attached to the metal ring w . The bottom of the porous cell α and that part of the latter which protrudes from the vessel b are glazed, so that the liquid cannot pass through at these points.

When the porous cell α filled with the electrolyte, the liquid penetrates very slowly through the unglazed portion of the wall of α and the coal in the space C, where they b in the annular trough ^'2, which from the raised central portion of the bottom and the lower part of the wall of the vessel b , collects. The bottom of έ ² is provided with a series of holes b ³ through which the liquid flows into the shallow container d . The latter is provided with a pipe d ² through which the liquid flows into a vessel set up for this purpose.

When the exciting power of the electrolyte is almost exhausted, the porous cell α can be emptied through the tube> ² connected to the bent tube e. The pipe e is provided with a stopcock, not shown in the drawing. If the stopcock is set appropriately, the electrolyte can slowly flow out of the porous cell, with fresh liquid being introduced from above in a corresponding ratio.

As a result of the action of the element, hydrogen is formed on the surface of the carbon, which forms the negative electrode of the element. When the hydrogen meets the atmospheric air in the pores of the coal, it combines with the oxygen of the same, the air passing through the openings provided in the vessel b to the pulverized coal and sweeping through it. In this way the hydrogen never assumes a gaseous form, so that polarization is avoided entirely, or at least for the most part.

In the galvanic element shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the perforated vessel b is replaced by a container m made of wire mesh, which is fastened in a metal pan B. The latter is carried in the upper edge of a hollow metal cylinder D. In this arrangement, the carbon in contact with the wire mesh housing m must consist of grains which are larger than the meshes of the wire mesh. The bottom b ' ^{2 of} the pan B is not perforated, but is provided with a tube ν through which the liquid that collects in the trough can drain off. The carbon plates or rods C " ² in FIGS. 1 and 2 have been omitted in the arrangement shown in FIGS. 3 and 4. In this latter construction, the ends t are connected directly to the wire mesh housing m .

Otherwise, the element shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 is completely identical to that in FIGS Fig. Ι and 2 shown.

Claims (2)

Patent Claims: 1. Galvanic element, characterized in that the space C formed by a perforated vessel b and a porous cell a placed concentrically in it , which serves to hold the electrolyte and the positive electrode, is filled with granular or pulverized carbon, which is negative Electrode is used, and in which one or more rods or plates C ' ² made of solid carbon for fastening the pole terminals are placed. 2. Embodiment of the galvanic element characterized in claim 1 in such a way that the perforated vessel b is replaced by a cylindrical wire mesh to which the pole terminals can then be attached directly. 1 sheet of drawings.