DE7831265U1 - NuU-grade molars for one lower and one upper denture - Google Patents

Description

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A * nare | ewski, nanne, we ^ ii .0 Ad LD χ x_— .Ζΐ. \ Ί ^
iuydcii ot fviuawBi ruiciiiuiiwunc Physicist
Dr. Walter Andrejewski
Graduate engineer
Dr.-lng. Manfred Honke
Graduate engineer |
Hans Dieter Gesthuysen
Physicist
Dr. Karl Gerhard Masch Attorney's file:
52 819 / Ti-th 43 Essen 1, Theaterplatz 3, Postf. 789
October 19, 1978 Utility model registration
Dental Holding NV
Handelskade 2k
Willemstad, Curasao
Netherlands Antilles

Zero degree molars for one lower and one upper denture.

The invention relates to zero degree molars for a lower and lower an upper denture with opposing molars cooperate at least substantially in linear contact.

"1

AndrejewsSd, Honke, Gesthuysen & Mcsch, patent attorneys in Essen

A patient who receives a full denture is usually unable to use the forces that he was used to exerting with his natural dentition in order to break up the food and make it swallowable. Pall's the prosthesis unpleasant feelings such as pain caused, as is often the case with ill-fitting dentures would be the case, f is the force exerted during chewing forces even reduced reflex. If the teeth are properly seated, the force exerted when chewing is generally within narrow limits.

In addition, since the fabric bed on which the prostheses lie is not naturally intended to be used as a support surface serve, and should therefore be relieved as much as possible, but all forces that are exerted on the molars, are transferred to this tissue bed in full, it is of course extremely important that the entire for comminution the forces required for food are reduced to a minimum or, in other words, that the forces used are optimally used.

In a known design of zero-degree molars for a lower and an upper prosthesis, the action surface is or upper surface of the lower molars as a mesio-distal zigzag-shaped or flat surface running in the middle area, linear chewing rib formed, which with a flat action surface or face of the opposite upper Molar cooperates.

Andrejewski, Honke, Gesthuysen & Masch, patent attorneys in Essen

In these known molars, each pair of opposing teeth are in linear contact with one another. This is based on the idea that by reducing the contact area between the action areas of opposing molars, the specific surface pressure increases, which promotes the chewing effect, ie the chopping of the food ( ~) .

The formation of the known molars as zero-degree molars, by which molars are to be understood, in which the elements performing the comminution are in one plane (the Action area) of the molar concerned has the Advantage that the normal functional jaw movement is not hindered in any way during chewing, since the transversal mobility is optimal. In addition, setting up zero-degree molars in lower and upper dentures is much easier than the setting up of cusps and molars, as the action areas the zero-degree molars in the lower and upper dentures are on the same flat surface.

Albeit the one known by these zero-degree molars for Forces exerted on the lower and upper dentures are generally used effectively to chop up food, so these molars still show certain disadvantages. The well-known molars for lower and upper dentures are the cutting effect is so dominant that the contour of the action surface (the chewing surface) of the natural molars is complete was abandoned and sacrificed for cutting ability. The extent of the contour of the known molars is much smaller than the contour of the natural molars.

Andrejewski, Honke, Gesthuysen & Mosch, patent attorneys in Essen

In this context, however, it must be taken into account that the Chewing the food with the natural molars does not only consist of cutting the food, but rather of it a combination of cutting, pressing and mixing.

It is especially important that the food ingested tastes pleasant, and not because of this fact alone, ; but also because in this way the crushing of the food reflexively stimulated and can therefore be optimally increased.

When pressing, the saliva is intensively mixed with the food, and the juices and flavors are also mixed can be dissolved very quickly from the cells of the food, these cells being caused by the cutting action or cutting activity to be broken up.

In the known zero degree molars described above the required pressing and mixing activities for the production of a swallowable porridge from the food come only in little to their right. These well-known molars can only inadequately attack the food because of this Purpose only a small chewing surface is available. This means that increased activity of the tongue is required is used to compensate for the decreased grip of these molars on the food.

The invention has therefore set itself the task of producing zero-degree molars to create a lower and an upper denture,

Andrejewski, Honke, Gesthuysen & Masch, patent attorneys in Essen

: which compared to the known molars of the previously described Art have significant advantages and in which both the pressing and the mixing effect are considerably improved, while at the same time the cutting effect is strongly intensified.

Characterized are zero-degree molars according to the invention for a lower and an upper prosthesis, in which mutually opposite Molars cooperate at least substantially in linear contact, substantially in that

a) the contour at the level of the action surface of the molars comes very close to the contour of the natural molars;

b) in each pair of opposing molars, one molar tooth along its lingual or palatal contour section has a linear chewing edge and along its buccal contour section has a chewing surface, while the other molar along its palatal or lingual contour

O section a chewing surface and along its buccal

Contour section has a linear chewing edge, and that

c) the molars in their action surface drainage channels which begin near the linear contact between opposing molars and gradually get deeper towards the end at the contour.

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Andrejewski, Honke, Gesthuysen & Masch, patent attorneys in Essen

As a result of the fact that according to the invention the contour of the molars at the level of the action area of the contour of the natural molars comes very close, one obtains a significantly improved grip of the molars in relation to the food. An enlarged The grip surface of the molars produces a good pressing effect when chewing, which means that mixing is quick and intensive the flavoring substances released from the food and the saliva comes about with the food pulp. It also becomes a faster one and intensified contact between the flavors and the taste buds of the tongue is achieved. This will make the Eating pleasure promoted, which in turn makes the chewing activity reflective stimulates.

The drainage channels: which are close to the line of contact between each other opposite molars begin and end at the contour of the molar in question, where they are at the contour of the The deepest molars allow food to drain between the dental arches with the least amount of resistance prevent the formation of a dry mass during pressing.

As a result of these deep drainage channels, the ability in the area of linear contact between each other is increased Effectively maintain molars as food can be easily removed next to the contact line.

Also, is the intimate mixing of the shared tastes? Substances and the saliva with the chyme as a result of the pressing considerably favored that the food in different Directions can flow off.

Andrejewski, Honke, Gesthuysen & Masch, patent attorneys in Essen

The sons of the molars according to the invention for a lower and an upper prosthesis is also the cutting ability of the known molars far superior, because they are along the lingual or palatal contour sections as well as a contact line along the buccal contour sections.

According to a favorable embodiment of the invention Molars of each pair of opposing molars has at least one molar in the central area bucco-lingual or bucco-palatal linear chewing rib and the other molar in the central area has at least one mesio-distal occlusal surface or a mesio-distal linear surface Chewing rib on. In this way, the cutting ability becomes that of the present invention Molars even further improved. In order to optimize the cutting ability, expediently extend the linear chewing edges and the chewing surfaces along the lingual or palatal contour section and lengthways of the buccal contour section over at least two thirds of these contour sections.

In the inventive formation of molars for a The lower and upper prosthesis have a contact line that is at least twice as long as the contact line on the previous ones well-known artificial molars.

ι The invention is explained in detail below with reference to some in,

the accompanying drawings of illustrated embodiments \

explains it shows

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Andrejewski, Honke, Gesthuysen & Masch, patent attorneys in Essen

Fig.l is a view of an embodiment of an inventive upper molars from below on an enlarged scale;

2 shows a plan view of an embodiment of a

lower molars according to the invention on an enlarged scale (Λ ■ scale;

5 shows a view of an upper premolar according to the invention j from below on an enlarged scale;

j Figure 4 is a plan view of an embodiment of a

: Lower premolars according to the invention in enlarged

I scale; and

' Fig. 5 to 10 sections through Fig.l and 2 along the lines VV to XX.

'[ The figures show several zero-degree jaws according to the invention

' Teeth for a lower and an upper denture , which are mutually exclusive

j opposing molars at least substantially in

I cooperate linear contact.

At the level of the active area or action area of the invention Molars, the contour of the contour of natural teeth comes very close. As a result, the gripping ability of the molars optimal in terms of nutrition.

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Andrejewski, Honke, Gesthuysen & Masch, patent attorneys in Essen

Pig.l shows a left upper molar, which along its palatal contour section 1 has two linear chewing edge parts 2 and 2 ', which are arranged in the action surface of the molar. The buccal contour section J5 of this molar has two chewing surface sections K and 4 ', which are also located in its action surface.

The upper molar also has two approximately parallel linear chewing ribs 5 and 5 'in the middle area, which extend in the action surface of the molar. These chewing ribs 5 and 5 'run from the chewing surface section 4 or 4 ¹ in the buccopälatal direction to one end of the chewing edge section 2 or 2'.

A central line runs between these chewing ribs 5 and 5 ' shaped chewing rib 6 in the bucco-palatal direction in the action area of the molar. This chewing rib 6 ends at some distance from the palatal or buccal contour sections 1 and 5. Drainage channels 7, 7 'and 8, 8' are between these chewing ribs 5, 5 'and 6 and end in the palatal contour section 1 or in the buccal contour section 3.

To the side of each of the linear chewing ribs 5 and 5 'are additional drainage channels 9 and 9 * formed. These drainage channels 9 and 9 'end in the mesial contour section 10 and distal, respectively Contour section 11.

All drainage channels 7, 7 '; 8, 8'j 9, 9j arise near the contact line between opposing molars and

Andrejewslti, Konke, Gesthuysen & Masch, patent attorneys in Essen

- 10 -

show a gradually increasing depth towards their end at the contour of the tooth in question. At this contour the depth be at least 1 mm, but is generally larger. aside from that the drainage channels 7 and 7 '* have which in the palatal contour section 1 end, a larger cross-section at their end than the drainage channels 8 and 8 ', which in the buccal contour section 3 end up.

The line-shaped Kaukantenteile 2, 2 ', that Kauflächenteile 4, 4' and the Kaurippen 5 x 5 ¹ and 6 are at least partly defined by steep faces 12, which enclose with the action surface of the tooth at an angle of more than 45 and the outlet channels 7 , 7 ¹ ; 8, 8 ¹ and 9, 9 'limit.

Fig.2 shows a left lower molar, which has two chewing surface sections 14 and 14 'along its lingual contour section 12. These buying surface sections 14 and 14 'are in the Action area of this molar. This lower molar has two linear chewing edge parts 16 and 16 'along its buccal contour section 15, which also lie in its action area. The lower molar also has a chewing surface in the central area, which in the mesio-distal direction ^ n the Action area of the molar runs. The chewing surface 17 ends in some distance from the mesial contour section 18 and from the distal contour section 19. This distance is at least 1 mm but generally larger. The chewing surface 17 is connected to the chewing edge part 16 'by a linear chewing rib 20, which extends in the action area of the molar.

Andrejewski, Honke, Gesthuysen & Masch, patent attorneys in Essen

- 11 -

Burrs 21, 21 'and 22, 22', which are opposite the action area of the molar lie deeper, form a partial delimitation of the drainage channels 23 and 24, which are in the lingual contour section 12 or end in the buccal contour section 15. They also limit partially the drainage channels 25 and 25 ', which in the mesial Contour section 18 or end in the distal contour section 19. (Ί These drainage channels 23, 24, 25 and 25 'are still through steep surfaces 26 limited, which with the action area of the The tooth form an angle greater than 45. These Surfaces 26 lie on the inside of the chewing surface sections 14, 14 'or the linear chewing edge parts 16, 16', surround the The chewing surface and also adjoin the chewing rib 20.

The drainage channels 23, 24, 25 and 25 'begin near the linear contact between opposing molars and gradually deepen towards their confluence with the contour. These The depth at the mouth is in turn at least 1 mm.

The drainage channel 23, which is in the lingual contour section 13 ^ opens, has a larger cross-section at the mouth than the

Drainage channel 24, which opens into the buccal contour section 15, det.

The linear contact between the upper molar according to Fig.l and the The lower molar according to FIG. 2 is shown in FIGS. 5 to 10. The linear chewing edge parts 2 and 2 ' of the upper molar in linear contact with the chewing surface parts una 14 'of the lower molar, while on the other hand the line-shaped Ka.ukanteileile 16 and 16 'of the lower molar with

Andrejewski, Honke, Gesthuysen & Masch, patent attorneys in Essen

- 12 -

the chewing surface parts 4 and 4 'of the upper molar in linear contact cooperate. In addition, the chewing ribs 5 * 5 'and 6 des upper molars in linear contact with the occlusal surface 17.

The sectional drawings according to FIGS. 5 to 10 also show the shape of the drainage channels 7, 7'j 8, 8 ';23;24; 25 and 25 '.

The upper premolar shown in FIG. 5 has a linear shape Chewing edge 28 along its palatal contour section. This chewing edge 28 lies in the action area of this premolar. A chewing surface 30 runs along the buocal contour section 29 of this premolar and is also located in this action area.

This premolar also has a linear shape in the middle area Chewing rib 31, which in turn lies in its action area. This chewing rib Jl runs from the chewing surface 30 in a buccopalatal manner Direction and ends at some distance from the chewing edge 28.

On both sides of this chewing rib 31 are drainage channels 32 and 32 ^! ; which end in the mesial contour section 33 or in the distal contour section 34. The drainage channels 32 and 32 'again arise near the contact line between opposing premolars and gradually become deeper towards their end on the contour of the premolar in question, this depth being at least 1 mm, but generally greater.

Andrejewski, Honke, Gesthuysen & Masch, patent attorneys in Essen

- 13 -

The drain cannula 32 and 32 'are by steep surfaces 35 on the Inside of the lenticular chewing edge 28 and the chewing surface 30 and limited on both sides of the chewing rib 31. These steep areas form an angle of more than 45 with the action surface of the molar.

4 shows a lower premolar according to the invention, which a chewing surface 37 along its lingual contour section 36 having. This chewing surface 37 lies in the action surface of the premolar. A linear chewing edge 39 runs along the buccal contour section 38 in the action area of the premolar.

In addition, this lower premolar has a in the middle area Chewing rib 40, which runs mesio-distally and on both sides in ends some distance from the contour, this distance being at least 1 mm, but generally larger. On both sides This chewing rib 40 extends two bucco-lingual extending Burrs 41 and 41 ', which are used for drainage channels 42 and 42', those in the mesial contour section 33 or in the distal contour section 44 open, serve as partial boundaries, while steep surfaces 45 are provided for further delimitation, which enclose an angle of more than 45 with the action surface of the molar and on the inside of the chewing surface 37 or the linear chewing edge 39 and on both sides of the chewing rib 4o.

The drainage channels 42 and 42 'begin near the linear contact between opposing premolars and become hers

Andrejewski, Honke, Gesthuysen & Masch, patent attorneys in Essen

Gradually deeper towards the end of the contour of the premolar. Your 'depth at the contour is at least 1 mm, but is generally larger i. I.

ι The linear Kaukante 28 of the upper premolar according to Figure 3

acts in linear contact with the occlusal surface 37 of the lower prae- ^

molars according to FIG. 4 together, while on the other hand the lines:; shaped chewing edge 39 of the lower premolar in linear contact with
the occlusal surface 30 of the upper premolar cooperates. aside from that

the chewing rib 31 of the upper premolar acts in punctual conjugation,

meet with the chewing rib 40 of the lower premolar. |

The right molars and premolars for the upper and lower dentures are mirror images of the left molars
and left premolars according to Fig.l to 4.

The molars according to the invention have an excellent cutting ability, due to the fact that the elements exerting the chewing effect in the action surface of each molar tooth are spaced unequal to the chewing effect
exercising elements in the action area of the opposite
Molar come into linear contact and the forces exerted
over the entire extent of the action surfaces of the molars
be distributed. In addition, the drainage channels 7j 7 '; 8, 8 ';' 9, 9 ^} i 23; 24; 25, 25 '; 32, 32 'and 42, 42' in the action areas
The molars, which start near the contact line between opposing teeth, also have the ability to cut, since the nourishment between the dental arches without difficulty
or rows of teeth can run off.

Andrejewski, Honke, Gesthuysen & Masch, patent attorneys in Essen

- 15 -

Since the molars according to the invention in the amount of their action area have a contour that comes very close to the contour of natural teeth, an optimal grip of the molars on the Food reaches, which promotes the pressing and mixing action of the molars considerably.

The drainage channels are also of great importance for this mixing effect. As mentioned earlier, by introducing many Flow directions in these drainage channels mixing the detached Flavors and saliva are considerably stimulated with the chyme.

With the molars, the greater part of the outflowing food pulp is lingually through the drainage channels 7, 7 ¹ ; 23 discharged, while a smaller part of the pulp through the drainage channels 8, 8 '; 24 runs in the direction of the oral vestibule. For this reason, the cross section of the drainage channels 7, 7 ¹ and 2 3 is larger than the cross section of the drainage channels 8, 8 ^f and 24.

The part of the chyme which runs off to the oral vestibule becomes between again as a result of the contraction of the buccinator muscle the rows of teeth returned.

The part of the food that runs off lingually is not automatically returned by the tongue between the rows of teeth. The tongue has a highly selective ability and can examine the constituents of the food and decide whether there is a need to further chop or chew the chew.

Andrejewski, Honke, Gesthuysen & Masch, patent attorneys in Essen

According to the results of this investigation the tongue moves it selectively the food either go back to the rows of teeth or no to the esophagus, they so ^swallowed: will.

ι The flow of the porridge in the distal and mesial direction C) also results in an *! intensive mixing due to the opposite direction of flow when molars are lying next to each other. The mesially and distally flowing porridge masses, world-

ί 'before they meet in the interdental spaces, abi

can run, for which reason the mesial and distal sides

of each molar is modeled in such a way that the food j can flow to the lingual side and to the buccal side.

Here, too, the greater part of the food flows towards the tongue. For this reason, the drainage areas are in the direction of Tongue at least twice as wide as the drainage spaces to); Oral vestibule.

j

Although in the above description with reference to Figures 1 to 4, a special shape of the upper and the lower molars was explained, so this can also be reversed without difficulty, so that the shape of the lower Molars can also be applied to the upper molars and vice versa, and this is also pointed out again It may be that the training described above and shown in the drawing are only exemplary embodiments.

Claims (12)

*. * ft β Andrejewski, Honke, Gesthuysen & Masch, patent attorney in Essen - 17 - Claims for protection: 1. Zero degree molars for a lower and an upper denture, in which opposing molars at least in. essentially cooperate in linear contact, thereby j ^ marked that a) the contour at the level of the action surface of the molars comes very close to the contour of the natural molars; b) in any pair of opposing molars one molar along its lingual or palatal contour section (1, 27) linear chewing edge (2, 2 '; 28) and along its buccal contour section (3, 29) a laughter (4, 4 '; 30), while the other molar cream along its palatal or lingual contour Q cut (13, 36) a chewing surface (14, 14 '; 37) and along its buccal contour section (15 * 38) has a linear chewing edge (16, I6 ¹ ; 39), and that c) the posterior teeth in their action surface drainage channels (7, 7 ¹ J 8, ^8;! 9, 9'j 23, 24, 25, 25 '; 32, 32'; 42, 42 '), "which close to the linear contact begin between opposing molars and gradually end at the contour get deeper. Andrejewski, Honke, Gesthuysen & Masch, patent attorneys in Essen - 18 - 2. molars according to claim 1, characterized in that at each pair of opposing molars of one molar in the middle area has at least one bucco-lingual or bucco-palatal linear chewing rib (5j 5 '; 6; 3I) and the other molar tooth in the middle area at least one mesiodistal Has chewing surface (17) or a mesio-: distal, linear chewing rib (4o). 3. molars according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the linear chewing edges (2, 2 '; 16, 16'; 39) and the chewing surfaces (4, 4 ';30; I ² I-, 14'j 37) it cut along the lingual or palatal contour section (1] 5J 3> 6) and along the buccal contour section (3; 29) extending over at least 2/3 of these contour sections. K. Molars according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that each upper molar has a linear chewing edge (2, 2 '; 28) along its palatal contour section (Ij 27) and a chewing surface (3; 29) along its buccal contour section (3; 29). 4, 4'j 30) and in that each lower posterior tooth along its lingual contour section (13; 36) has an occlusal surface (14 ;. ^l4;! 37) and along its buccal contour section (15s 38) a linear Kaukante (16, 16) ; 39). 5. Molar teeth according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the drainage channels (7, 7 '; 8, 8', 9, 9'j 23, 24, 25, 25 '; 32, 32'; 42, 42 ') have a depth of at least 1 mm at their mouth at the contour. S * £ SE25EJSH £ SSSI £ E Andrejewski, Honke, Gesthuysen & Masch ,. Patent attorneys in Essen - 19 - 6. Molar teeth according to one of claims 1 to 5j, characterized in that the chewing surfaces (4, 4 '; 14, 14';30; 37), the linear chewing edges (2, 2 ¹ ; 16, 16 ';28; 39 ) and the linienförraigen chewing ribs (5, 5 ^! J 6; 20; 31j ^ O) are at least partially limited by surfaces (12; 26; 35; 45) which enclose an angle of more than 45 ° with the action surface. 7. Molar teeth according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that they are modeled on their mesial and on their distal side in such a way that between adjacent molars a drainage space (7, 7 ¹ ; 23 or 8, 8 '; 24), the drainage space (7, 7'; 23) pointing towards the tongue having the largest cross-section. 8. Molars according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that their linear chewing edge (2, 2 '; 16, I6 ¹ ) along the lingual or palatal contour section (1) or along their buccal contour section (I5) and their chewing surface (4, 4 ¹ or 14, 14 ') are designed to be interrupted along their buccal contour section (3) or along their palatal or lingual contour section (I3). 9. molars according to claim 8, characterized in that each upper or each lower molar has two more or less parallel linear masticatory ribs (4, 4 ';) in the middle area, which run from part of the chewing surface (4, 4 ') to one end of a chewing edge part (2, 2') that between these chewing ribs a central bucco-lingual or bucco-palatal running Andrejewski, Honke, Gesthuysen & Masch, patent attorneys in Essen linear chewing rib (6 or 20) extends, which ends at some distance from the buccal and the lingual or palatal contour section, with drainage channels (7 '} 7 ¹ S 8, 8 ¹ ; or 23; 24) running between these chewing ribs, which in the buccal and in the lingual baw. open into the palatal contour section, while further drainage channels (9, 9 ¹ ; 25, 25 ') are formed to the side of the parallel masticatory ribs, which open into the mesial or distal contour section (10; 18). 10. Molar according to claim 9, characterized in that each lower or each upper molar in the central region has a mesio-distal chewing surface (17) which ends at some distance from the mesial and from the distal contour section (18 or 19) and over a linear chewing rib (20) is connected to one of the chewing edges (16 ^! ), while drainage channels (23; 24; 25, 25 ") are formed which are partially formed by ridges (21, 21 '; 22, 22 ') are limited and open into the lingual or palatal (13) *, the buccal (15) > mesial (18) and the distal (19) contour section. 11. molars according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that that the drainage channels (23) opening into the lingual or palatal contour section (13) have a larger one at their mouth Have cross-section than the drainage channels (24) opening into the buccal contour section (15). 12. Premolars according to one of claims 1 to J _3, characterized in that each upper or each lower premolar has a linear chewing rib (31) in the central region, which Andrejewski, Honke, Gesthuysen & Masch, patent attorneys in Essen - 21 - runs from the chewing surface (30) in the direction of the linear chewing edge (28) and ends at some distance from this chewing edge, with drainage channels (32, 32 *) being formed on both sides of the chewing rib, which in the mesial and in the distal contour section ( 33 or 3 ² O open. 13 · Premolars similar to claim 12, characterized in that every lower premolar or every upper premolar in the middle area a linear, mesio-distal one and on both sides at some distance from the contour of the premolar ending chewing rib (^ K)), with two ridges (4l, 41 ') lying deeper than the action surface on both sides of the Chewing ribs extend at least approximately at right angles to it and delimit drainage channels (42, 42 ') which are in the mesial or open into the distal contour section (43 or 44).