DE767629C - Method for determining the position of an object reflecting electromagnetic waves in space - Google Patents

Method for determining the position of an object reflecting electromagnetic waves in space

Info

Publication number
DE767629C
DE767629C DET53355D DET0053355D DE767629C DE 767629 C DE767629 C DE 767629C DE T53355 D DET53355 D DE T53355D DE T0053355 D DET0053355 D DE T0053355D DE 767629 C DE767629 C DE 767629C
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
determining
space
distance
reflective
electromagnetic waves
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
DET53355D
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Wilhelm Dr Runge
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Telefunken AG
Original Assignee
Telefunken AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DET49039D external-priority patent/DE767460C/en
Application filed by Telefunken AG filed Critical Telefunken AG
Priority to DET53355D priority Critical patent/DE767629C/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE767629C publication Critical patent/DE767629C/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
    • G01S13/06—Systems determining position data of a target
    • G01S13/42—Simultaneous measurement of distance and other co-ordinates
    • G01S13/422—Simultaneous measurement of distance and other co-ordinates sequential lobing, e.g. conical scan
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S1/00—Beacons or beacon systems transmitting signals having a characteristic or characteristics capable of being detected by non-directional receivers and defining directions, positions, or position lines fixed relatively to the beacon transmitters; Receivers co-operating therewith
    • G01S1/02—Beacons or beacon systems transmitting signals having a characteristic or characteristics capable of being detected by non-directional receivers and defining directions, positions, or position lines fixed relatively to the beacon transmitters; Receivers co-operating therewith using radio waves
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
    • G01S13/06—Systems determining position data of a target
    • G01S13/08—Systems for measuring distance only
    • G01S13/10—Systems for measuring distance only using transmission of interrupted, pulse modulated waves
    • G01S13/18—Systems for measuring distance only using transmission of interrupted, pulse modulated waves wherein range gates are used
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
    • G01S7/36—Means for anti-jamming, e.g. ECCM, i.e. electronic counter-counter measures

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
  • Optical Radar Systems And Details Thereof (AREA)

Description

AUSGEGEBENAM 2. MÄRZ 1953ISSUED MARCH 2, 1953

REICHSPATENTAMTREICH PATENT OFFICE

PATENTSCHRIFTPATENT LETTERING

KLASSE 21a4 GRUPPE 48β3CLASS 21a 4 GROUP 48β3

Dr. Wilhelm Runge, Berlin-SchlachtenseeDr. Wilhelm Runge, Berlin-Schlachtensee

ist als Erfinder genannt wordenhas been named as the inventor

. Zusatz zum Patent ?67 4BO. Addition to the patent? 67 4BO

Patentiert im Deutschen Reich vom 6. Februar 19'40 an Das Hauptpatent bat angefangen am 15. August 1937 Patenterteilung bekanntgemacht am 16. Oktober 1S52Patented in the German Reich on February 6, 1940 The main patent requested started on August 15, 1937. Patent grant announced October 16, 1937

Gegenstand des Hauptpatentes j6j 460 ist ein Verfahren zur räumlichen Peilung, und zwar u. a. eines elektromagnetische Wellen reflektierenden Gegenstandes, bei dem sende- und/oder empfangsseitig ein um eine Symmetrieachse rotierendes, ihr gegenüber schwach geneigtes Strahlenbündel erzeugt wird und bei dem gleichzeitig auf der Empfangsseite durch. Messung der Phase der durch die Rotation des Strahlenbündels der empfangenen Hochfrequenz aufgedrückten Modulation gegenüber einer anderen Spannungskurve gleicher Frequenz und fester Bezugsphase die Abweichung der Rotationsachse von der Verbindungslinie Sender-Rückstrahler, vorzugsweise in zwei Koordinaten, ermittelt wird.The subject of the main patent j6j 460 is a method for spatial direction finding, including an object reflecting electromagnetic waves, in which a beam that rotates around an axis of symmetry and is slightly inclined in relation to it is generated on the transmitting and / or receiving side and through which at the same time on the receiving side . Measurement of the phase of the modulation imposed by the rotation of the beam of the received high frequency compared to another voltage curve of the same frequency and fixed reference phase, the deviation of the axis of rotation from the connecting line transmitter-reflector, preferably in two coordinates, is determined.

In den Unterlagen des Hauptpatentes ist weiterhin angegeben, daß mit dieser räumlichen Peilung unter wesentlicher Benutzung der hierfür vorgesehenen Anordnung gleichzeitig eine Abstandsbestimmung des reflektierenden Gegenstandes nach der Laufzeitmethode vorgenommen werden kann. Die genaue Lage des reflektierenden GegenstandesIn the documents of the main patent it is also indicated that with this spatial Bearing simultaneously with essential use of the arrangement provided for this purpose a determination of the distance of the reflective object according to the transit time method can be made. The exact location of the reflective object

setzt bekanntlich als eine der gegebenen Möglichkeiten eine Richtungs- und eine Abstandsbestimmung voraus.As is well known, sets a direction and a distance determination as one of the given possibilities in advance.

Bei diesem letzteren, dem Hauptpatent zugründe liegenden Vorschlag ist beispielsweise daran gedacht, von dem Sender des Rückstrahlgerätes hochfrequente Impulse auszusenden, sie gemeinsam mit den reflektierten Impulsen auf dem Schirm eines Braunschen ίο Rohres aufzuzeichnen und aus dem Abstand zwischen direktem und reflektiertem Impuls den Abstand des reflektierenden Gegenstandes zu ermitteln.In the case of this latter proposal on which the main patent is based, for example thought of sending high-frequency impulses from the transmitter of the reflex device, record them together with the reflected pulses on the screen of a Braun tube and from a distance between direct and reflected pulse is the distance of the reflecting object to investigate.

Die auf diese Weise ermittelte räumliche Lage eines reflektierenden Gegenstandes ergibt so lange einwandfreie Werte, als sich nur ein einziger Gegenstand, der die ausgesandten Impulse reflektieren kann, im angepeilten Raumsektor befindet. Befinden sich jedoch in Strahlungsrichtung mehrere reflektierende Gegenstände, also z. B. mehrere Flugzeuge, so wird der Empfänger des Rückstrahlgerätes ; eine entsprechende Anzahl von reflektierten j Impulsen aufnehmen. Eine räumliche Peilung ! nach dem Vorschlag des Hauptpatentes ist nun '. nicht mehr möglich, da nicht mehr eine einzige j Strahlung mit einer eindeutigen Phasenlage j der durch die Strahlerrotation erhaltenen i Modulation vorhanden ist. ■The spatial position of a reflective object determined in this way provides perfect values as long as only a single object that can reflect the emitted pulses is located in the targeted spatial sector. However, if there are several reflective objects in the direction of radiation, e.g. B. several aircraft, the receiver of the reflector; record a corresponding number of reflected j pulses. A spatial bearing! according to the proposal of the main patent is now '. no longer possible, since there is no longer a single j radiation with a clear phase position j of the i modulation obtained by the radiation beam rotation. ■

Zur Beseitigung dieser Schwierigkeiten wird j gemäß der Erfindung empfohlen, unter Zu- ' grundelegung des Impulsprinzips ein an sich ; bekanntes Abstandsmeßverfahren zu verwenden, bei dem der Empfänger des Rückstrahlgerätes ständig gesperrt und nur bei Einfall von reflektierten Impulsen kurzzeitig entriegelt wird. Die Entriegelung des Empfängers kann gemäß einem bereits gemachten Vorschlag mit Hilfe von Gleichstromimpulsen vorgenommen werden, die aus dem gleichen Kippgerät abgeleitet werden, das zur Tastung des Senders im Impulsrhythmus vorgesehen ist. Diese Öffnungsimpulse werden über eine Laufzeitkette einstellbarer Verzögerungszeit (Phasenschieber) geführt. Die Verzögerungskette wird dann so eingeregelt, daß der für Peilung und j Entfernungsmessung gemeinsame Empfänger periodisch in dem x\ugenblick geöffnet wird, in dem von einem ausgewählten reflektierenden Gegenstand Impulse zurückkommen. Die Einstellung dieser Verzögerungskette ist ein Maß für den Abstand des reflektierenden Gegenstandes, den man aus einer größeren Anzahl herausgegriffen hat. Zur Peilung werden nunmehr zwangsläufig auch die von dem ausgewählten Objekt reflektierten Impulse ausgewertet. Praktisch wird man so vorgehen, daß man zur Feststellung der reflektierenden Gegenstände überhaupt zunächst mit einem Braunschen Rohr arbeitet und auf dessen Anzeigeschirm sämtliche reflektierende Gegenstände anzeigt. Dann wird man den Empfänger auf die oben beschriebene Arbeitsweise (Sperrung und periodisch kurzzeitige Öffnung) umschalten und sich nun einen besonders interessierenden Gegenstand herausgreifen.To eliminate these difficulties, according to the invention, it is recommended to use foundation of the impulse principle in itself; to use known distance measuring methods, in which the receiver of the reflecting device is permanently blocked and only in the event of an incident is briefly unlocked by reflected pulses. Unlocking the receiver can made according to an already made proposal with the help of direct current pulses derived from the same tilting device that is used to key the transmitter is provided in the impulse rhythm. These opening impulses are generated via a transit time chain adjustable delay time (phase shifter). The delay chain will then adjusted in such a way that the receiver common to both direction finding and distance measurement periodically in which x \ omentblick is opened, in pulses come back from a selected reflective object. The setting this delay chain is a measure of the distance from the reflecting object, which one has picked out from a larger number. For the bearing are now inevitably the pulses reflected from the selected object are also evaluated. In practice one will proceed in such a way that one determines the reflective objects at first works with a Braun tube and on its display screen shows all reflective objects. Then one becomes the recipient on the above Switch over the described mode of operation (blocking and periodically brief opening) and now pick out a particularly interesting subject.

Claims (1)

Patentanspruch:Claim: Verfahren zur Ermittlung der Lage eines elektromagnetische Wellen reflektierenden Gegenstandes im Raum durch Vornahme einer räumlichen Peilung und einer Entfernungsmessung nach Patent 767 460, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zur empfangsseitigen Trennung mehrerer im angepeilten Raumsektor in verschiedenen Entfernungen liegender reflektierender Gegenstände mit Impulsen gearbeitet und der im übrigen dauernd gesperrte Empfänger des Rückstrahlgerätes nur bei Einfall der von einem ausgewählten Objekt reflektierten Impulse periodisch kurzzeitig entriegelt wird und daß die Einstellung des die Entriegelung vornehmenden Organs als Maß für den Abstand des betreffenden reflektierenden Gegenstandes ausgenutzt wird.Method for determining the location of an electromagnetic wave reflecting Object in space by taking a spatial bearing and a distance measurement according to patent 767 460, characterized in that for the reception side separation of several in the targeted Spatial sector of reflective objects at different distances worked with impulses and the rest Permanently blocked receivers of the reflecting device only when the pulses reflected from a selected object occur is periodically unlocked for a short time and that the setting of the unlocking performing organ is used as a measure of the distance of the reflective object in question. Zur Abgrenzung des Erfindungsgegenstands vom Stand der Technik ist im Erteilungsverfahren folgende Druckschrift in Betracht gezogen worden:To differentiate the subject matter of the invention from the state of the art, the granting process is in progress the following publication has been considered: Deutsche Patentschrift Xr. 623 005.German patent specification Xr. 623 005. © 5739 2.53© 5739 2.53
DET53355D 1937-08-15 1940-02-06 Method for determining the position of an object reflecting electromagnetic waves in space Expired DE767629C (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DET53355D DE767629C (en) 1937-08-15 1940-02-06 Method for determining the position of an object reflecting electromagnetic waves in space

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DET49039D DE767460C (en) 1937-08-15 1937-08-15 Procedure for spatial direction finding
DET53355D DE767629C (en) 1937-08-15 1940-02-06 Method for determining the position of an object reflecting electromagnetic waves in space

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE767629C true DE767629C (en) 1953-03-02

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DET53355D Expired DE767629C (en) 1937-08-15 1940-02-06 Method for determining the position of an object reflecting electromagnetic waves in space

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE967649C (en) * 1953-08-14 1957-12-05 Telefunken Gmbh Method for highlighting individual pulse displays in the oscillographic display image of pulse radar devices
DE1228682B (en) * 1962-09-25 1966-11-17 Plath G M B H C Procedure for measuring antenna patterns
DE977763C (en) * 1957-02-02 1969-12-04 Siemens Ag Circuit arrangement for interfering with the direction finding of fire control radars

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE623005C (en) * 1930-05-19 1935-12-11 Submarine Signal Co Device for measuring distances with the aid of echoes of electromagnetic pulses

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE623005C (en) * 1930-05-19 1935-12-11 Submarine Signal Co Device for measuring distances with the aid of echoes of electromagnetic pulses

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE967649C (en) * 1953-08-14 1957-12-05 Telefunken Gmbh Method for highlighting individual pulse displays in the oscillographic display image of pulse radar devices
DE977763C (en) * 1957-02-02 1969-12-04 Siemens Ag Circuit arrangement for interfering with the direction finding of fire control radars
DE1228682B (en) * 1962-09-25 1966-11-17 Plath G M B H C Procedure for measuring antenna patterns

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