DE7626707U1 - AGRICULTURAL TILLING EQUIPMENT WITH SEVERAL WORKING TOOLS ARRANGED BACK OR / AND SIDE BY SIDE - Google Patents

Description

- j6 - Ru 135a

Applicant;

Maschinenfabrik Rau GmbH., Johannes-Rau-Strasse, 7315 Weilheim

"Agricultural soil cultivation device with several working tools arranged one behind the other or / and next to one another"

The invention relates to an agricultural soil cultivation device with several movably arranged one behind the other or / and next to one another on an equipment rack, in the case of ground obstacles yielding, prong or similar interconnected via a compensating linkage device in this way Ground through-furrowing work tools that when one of the work tools yields as a result of a ground obstacle another work tool is moved in the opposite direction.

Such devices have the advantage over devices with tines rigidly attached to them that they deal with obstacles in the ground can adapt better.

In a known device (DE-AS 2 011 995), a working memory is assigned to each individual work tool, which is filled with gas is filled and that is located in the common pressure medium system

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Holds borrowed hydraulic medium under a certain pressure. These working memories are necessary because there is an evasion one of the work tools the cylinders assigned to the other work tools those of the evasive work tool cannot absorb displaced hydraulic fluid because the work tools are in their normal working position are supported by stops at the front against the direction of work or travel. Dodging a work tool can therefore only by compressing the gas in the assigned main memory or, as far as the lines of the individual work tools are in more or less open connection, also take place in the other main memories. Such a device is complex and relatively expensive.

In another known device (DE-AS 1 219 721) the hydraulic cylinders assigned to the individual working devices are via connecting lines to a large-volume collecting cylinder connected, the piston of which is under spring tension. If an implement swings out as a result of ground resistance, and if the liquid in the assigned cylinder is displaced into the common Leltungssystern, this can only done by the fact that the piston of the collecting cylinder is pushed back accordingly by the cylinder of the same absorbs displaced liquid. The pistons of the collecting cylinder - the spring that is kept under tension is additionally tensioned .

♦ »♦ · · I

is guaranteed.

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In another known device (US Pat. No. 3,561,541) are the Cylinders of the individual work tools also under a constant working pressure, which the work tools into the normal working position presses. The pressure is generated by a pump or a piston of an accumulator which is under pressure from the pedal (64) generated. If one of the work tools gives way to the rear under the effect of ground resistance, it will Hydraulic pressure medium displaced from the associated cylinder by the evasive movement of a work tool an additional complicated circuit supplied by a pump, which creates a counter pressure, to bring the swiveled work tool back into the working position.

There is also a device of the type described above is known (DE-PA R l454 / 54a), which has a resilient or articulated Having coupling two work tools such that when one of the two work tools dodges backwards an additional pressure is exerted on the other working tool in the working direction forward or this tool inevitably is taken to the front. The work tools are only linked in pairs, and only one can even number of work tools should be provided, so that even work over the entire width of the device is not sufficient.

In contrast, the invention is based on the object, with relatively simple means, even with any one large number of working tools a working pressure that is as uniform as possible over the entire working surface or width of the device and thus also a particularly consistently good work of the device even when ground resistance occurs to guarantee.

The invention solves this problem in that the following features each individually or - advantageously - in combination with one another are provided:

a) The compensating linkage device connects a group of at least three working tools, but preferably all work tools (28,29,30; 128) of the device through the Compensating linkage device with one another, so that one of the working tools when yielding all other work tools of the group or all other work tools as a whole perform an opposite compensatory evasive movement.

b) The compensating linkage device is designed as a hydraulic pressure medium linkage.

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What is achieved by the invention is that when one work tool gives way to the rear, the other work tools be pushed forward in the opposite sense.

It has been shown that a formed according to the invention Device performs extremely even ground work. Those work tools that offer little or no resistance will, e.g. those who work in a tractor track, go to the lowest working position, so that they go under the same pressure as the higher-working tools. This makes the ruts easier and easier to process recorded. On the other hand, the ability of the work tools to evade is very great when the counter pressure is uniform. Upon impact the tines affected by this move backwards on non-cultivable soil components and can without damage to take, slide over the obstacle. Then the average working depth can be adjusted while compensating for the pressure can be used again between the individual work tools.

The individual tools are under the same preload, even if they are unevenly loaded or some of the tools are even pushed out of the ground. The even and mutual load distribution of the ground resistance on the individual work tools makes this Device guided very smoothly through the floor. The traction requirement

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becomes even and balanced. At the same time proves ι the loosening and aeration effect and the mixing effect;

of the soil as particularly good. The risk of clogging is indicated by | the constant movement of the work tools during work ^r is reduced or switched off in accordance with the set draft. The fact that the pressure equalization extends to any number of working tools, which is ensured in a simple manner above all by the use of a hydraulic pressure medium, allows the uniform working performance to extend very reliably over the entire working area of the device. Even if two work tools hit an obstacle at the same time, further work tools are always available which, through appropriate movement compensation, allow the work tools held up by the obstacle to dodge backwards.

A spatially particularly advantageous design results when the individual work tool with an upward-facing Lever arm is provided, through which it by means of a support member absorbing the evasion of the work tool against the Compensation system is supported.

The piston-cylinder units of the pressure medium system can are in unthrottled or essentially unthrottled connection with one another. In special cases, however, it can be advantageous if between the piston-cylinder units

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of the pressure medium system - preferably adjustable - throttle devices are arranged.

In order to broaden the effect of the individual tools in the ground and thus to further improve the desired uniform work on the ground, are according to a further feature the invention articulated to the rear of the work tools in the area of the soil engagement to the rear of the coulter blades. Due to the articulated arrangement, they can be on the ground in every working position of the work tool in question adjust in parallel so that they always work in full working width. It can be particularly effective if there are several coulter leaves are hinged one above the other on the individual work tool. The work tools can also be provided with means which allow one or more coulter blades to be optionally attached at different heights. In the simplest Form can for this purpose, holes arranged one above the other for receiving pivot pins of the coulter blades or pivot pins for Recording of bores on the coulter blades can be provided. The - preferably approximately V-shaped - coulter leaves with essentially Flat horizontal legs advantageously have vertical webs approximately in the direction of travel of the device. On everyone The legs of the coulter blade can be provided with a plurality of webs staggered next to one another and one behind the other.

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In order to loosen up the soil particularly effectively, even in the deepened tracks of the tractor, in the transverse direction working tools arranged next to one another in parallel longitudinal vertical planes those arranged in track planes of the tractor Work tools can be arranged lower than the work tools located in particular between them. Advantageous it is also when the working tools are adjustable in height.

Instead of being pivoted about a transverse axis on the appliance frame in this way to be articulated that the work tools when swiveling up a rotary movement together with the swivel arm at the same time execute the transverse axis serving as a bearing axis, the work tools can also be used with reference to the device carrier in another Guided in a manner, e.g. by an upwardly yielding quadrangle, in particular an articulated parallelogram, suspended from the device carrier being.

Exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawing. Show in detail

Pig. 1 shows the side view of a soil cultivation device according to the invention with tine tools (cultivator), three in a row with the same position arranged work tools, at the same time in the dash-dotted position the middle work tool as Dodged backwards as a result of ground resistance and accordingly moved the front work tool forward are shown in print,

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Pig. 2 is a side view of the same implement, but it is assumed that the rear implement backwards and the front one has been swiveled forwards,

3 shows a section along line 3-3 of FIG. 2, FIG. 4 shows the same side view as FIGS. 1 and 2, but with the middle working tool dodged particularly far back and pushed forward front and rear working tools,

5 shows an alternative embodiment of the working tool in side view,

FIG. 6 shows a plan view of the working tool according to FIG. 5,

7 shows an overall plan view of a soil cultivation device with a total of 7 work tools,

8 shows a longitudinal view of the implement according to FIG. 7 from the rear,

9 shows another embodiment of the device shown in FIGS. 1 to 8,

10 to 12 show the side views of two tillage implements with a different type of suspension of the work tools.

The soil cultivation implement according to FIGS. 1 to 8 has an implement carrier 20 which, for example, as FIG. 7 shows in particular, essentially from two middle longitudinal beams 21, three cross beams 22, 23 and 24 and the cross members externally connecting longitudinal members 25 and 26 is made. To connect to

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a tractor or for installation in a carrier chassis or the like. is the front cross member with upward facing Attachment elements are provided, which are indicated e.g. at 27.

On the cross members 22, 23 and 24 are the individual work tools 28, 29 and 30 in three rows, of which in Pig. I, 2 and 4 only one work tool is shown, one behind the other around device transverse axes χ - ^, χ ^, χ-, pivotably mounted, in particular in such a way that the working area of the work tools - seen in plan view - in the pulling direction (direction of travel) behind the The transverse pivot axis lies, for example, in such a way that in the normal working position of the work tools, in which they occupy the same position, a vertical transverse plane laid through the tip 31a of the prong 31 of a work tool lies a certain distance a behind the associated transverse pivot axis, as shown in FIG Fig. 1 is indicated for the front work implement 28.

Each of the work tools is rigidly connected to one of them Lever arm 32 is provided, which is preferably designed like a fork or is provided in pairs, as shown in FIG. 7 emerges, and via this by a cylinder-piston unit with the cylinder 33 and the piston 34 against the equipment rack supported in a joint 35 on the lever arm 32 and in a Joint 36 is articulated on one of the cross members 22, 23, 24. The cylinders 33 of the individual work tools stand out, as if from Fig. 7 shows, through transverse and longitudinal lines 37, 38, 39 * 40 and 4l with each other in communicating connection, wherein

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the cylinder and the lines are filled with a liquid, in particular oil, which compensates for movement the work tools conveyed in the manner described below.

The coulter handles 42 of the tines 3I are shown in FIG Embodiment provided with several superimposed bores 43, which for optional articulated recording of coulter blades 44, which are V-shaped in plan, are used at different heights by means of joint pieces 45 and transverse pins 46.

The two V-legs 47 of the coulter blades hinged to the tines 44 are essentially made of horizontally lying flat iron, optionally with an angled cutting edge 48 as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, for example. In the alternative embodiment of FIGS. 5 and 6 are the legs 47 with upward directed, firmly connected to them, e.g. welded webs 49, which extend in the longitudinal direction of the device and correspondingly the V-shaped arrangement of the legs 47 are arranged side by side and staggered one behind the other.

In Fig. 1, the working tools 28, 29 and 30 are in selected \

! solid lines shown in their neutral position, in; which they have a uniform angular position with respect to j

take their transverse pivot axes χ - ,, Χρ, χ ^ and relative to the ground. The cylinders 33 and they are all comparable to each other \

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connecting lines 37 to 41 (Fig. 7) are filled with the compensating liquid, e.g. oil. To the full filling of this hydraulic system in the position of the working tools shown in solid lines, the latter are appropriate locked in a suitable manner with respect to the equipment carrier 20 by, for example, the joints 36 and 35 of the hydraulic Cylinder-piston units 33. » 34 are stiffened against each other, for which it may be sufficient to connect the joints by a strap so that the cylinder and piston are on the In Fig. 1 position shown also can not stretch. After filling, the flap is removed again.

If the device is pulled over the ground by a tractor for work and if one of the work tools, for example one or more medium work tools 29 according to FIG this is shown in Fig. 1, evade to the rear by moving around its transverse pivot axis x _? backwards and upwards, for example into position 29 ″ indicated by dash-dotted lines. However, due to the hydraulic compensation connection through lines 37 to 41, this is only possible if another or several or all other work tools encounter less resistance , by the liquid displaced in the cylinder of the working tool 29 swung out backwards in the opposite direction

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be pushed forward in the opposite direction. In Pig. I is this is indicated, for example, by the fact that the front working tool 28 is pushed forward into the ', position 28'. The balancing movement will take place until all work tools are in equilibrium with one another again stand.

Like Pig. 1 also shows, the size on the piston 34 about the transverse pivot axes X- ^ x increases in a desired manner or x-, acting lever arm ratio with respect to the piston 34 on the one hand and the prongs 28,29,30 on the other hand, the more swivel this backwards so that, for example, ho '/ h,'

Fig. 2 shows a position of the implements in which the rear Work tool 30 in a pivoted-back position 30 " has been pulled out, and thereby the front working tool 28 assumes the position 28 ', while the central working tool 29 has retained its original neutral position.

Fig. 4 shows an extreme case in which it is assumed that the middle work tool 29 due to strong ground resistance a particularly high swiveled out, e.g. outermost evasive position 29 '' 'so that the tine tip 31a is lifted completely or substantially completely out of the ground has been and thus about the soil resistance, e.g. a stone

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accumulation or a pavement or the like., slide away; can, while the other work tools in a front - same or unequal - pushed position 28 'or 30' became.

As a result of the articulated connection with the working tools 28, 29, 30, the coulter blades 44 can _{always slide horizontally through or over the ground despite the angular movement of the working tools pivoting about their transverse pivot axes X- ^ x 2} , x · ^, so that they one into the Practically ensure that the soil is broadly and evenly worked through.

In Fig. 1 it is shown, for example, that a coulter blade 44 in the second lowest bore 4j5 of an implement 28 is hooked. In the figures 2, 4 and 5 hanging in the bottom hole is shown. At the same time, Fig. only, for example, in connection with the middle implement 29 a hanging of two coulter blades 44 in the lowest and uppermost bore 43 of the implement 29 and also in connection with the rear implement 30, a coulter blade 44 is hooked into the second lowest bore 43 of the implement 30 in its 30 "position. One stop is limited expediently the pivoting stroke of the coulter blade downwards.

As a rule, the coulter blades will be attached at the same height as the ground. But it can be advantageous for work equipment, who have a deeper work area, such as

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the outermost implements 29 in Fig. 8, the coulter blades to be attached to the tines correspondingly deeper than on the other implements, so that, for example, the lower tractor track Sp is worked with the same effectiveness as the rest of the soil.

It is not necessary that the working tools 29 working approximately in the tractor track from the beginning deeper than the

other work tools can be hung or adjusted. |

As a result of the lower resistance of those working in the track planes at the same level as the other work tools located working tools is opposed, they automatically take a lower position by the hydraulic The compensation system causes the other work tools, which initially work against a greater resistance, to have a corresponding I

assume the working position pivoted backwards, while the in the; Work tools acting on track levels can be pushed forwards and downwards. I.

Fig. 9 shows a somewhat modified embodiment of the implement shown in Figs. The coulter handle 142 of the device is extended in a straight line to the device transverse axis X ₁ or X ₂ and the upwardly directed lever arm I32 to support the cylinder-piston unit 33, 34 is directly connected to the coulter handle 3A2 and is additionally supported against it by a strut 132a.

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In Pig. 10 shows a soil cultivation device in which a working tool 128, for example a hoe, is rigidly connected to a bearing arm 150, but preferably - for example by means of a clamping screw 151 - is connected in a height-adjustable manner. The bearing arm 150 is mounted pivotably about a transverse pivot axis 152 on a bearing piece 153, which in turn ^{is fastened to a cross member 15 2} I- of an equipment carrier. The bearing arm 150 has such a length in the longitudinal direction of the device that the horizontal longitudinal distance of its transverse pivot axis 152 from the working area of the working tool 128 is greater, possibly a multiple of the distance from the floor of the transverse pivot axis. It is hydraulically supported by a cylinder-piston unit 133, 134 according to the previous embodiment between the bearing arm 150 and the bearing piece 153, again assuming that the cylinders 133 of the various working tools arranged next to one another and / or one behind the other are in the position shown in FIG 7 are in hydraulic compensation connection with one another. A support wheel 155 is furthermore mounted on a wheel carrier or handle 156 fastened to the bearing arm 150 - preferably also adjustable in height. It is used to determine the working depth of the implement 128. As a result of the great length of the bearing arm 150, the working tool 128 executes a pivoting movement with a strong vertical movement when evading a resistance, which is often desired. The implement can again be provided with a coulter blade 144 which is hinged at 146 to the implement.

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The embodiment according to Pig. 11 differs from that according to Pig. IO in that the work tool 128 is attached to a tool support member 157 - preferably adjustable in height again - and the support member 157 is interposed as a coupling between two trailing arms 158 and 159, which in turn are hinged to a bearing piece 153. The joints 160, 161, 162 and 163 form a quadrangular joint, namely a joint parallelogram in the exemplary embodiment, so that in the event of ground resistance, the tool support member 157 swings out parallel upwards and, if necessary, the support wheel 155 mounted on it by means of the wheel carrier or handle 156 makes a parallel upward movement with reference to the bearing piece 153 executes. In this case, the cylinder-piston unit 133 ^ 3 ² I- is interposed between the trailing arm 158 and the bearing piece 153 by means of the joints 135 and I36, which can simultaneously form the joint 163.

In Figs. 10 and 11 there is only a single work tool shown. However, any number of work tools can be attached to a common device carrier in a corresponding manner Be articulated wisely. The length of the individual bearing arms 150 or trailing links 158, 159 can vary be, so that the tools with different radii or different angular movements around their respective Pivot the transverse pivot axis according to 152 or 162,163 into an alternative position.

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If the test wheels 155 with handle 156 are not used, instead of hoe shares 128, for example, ridging bodies can also be used as tools 128a can be used as in Pig. 12 is shown These work especially with large widths, e.g. with six ridges, evenly deep on uneven ground.

The use of coulter blades 44, 144 are in accordance with the invention This is also important if the work equipment does not have a balancing system work. The invention therefore also extends generally to the use of such coulter blades.

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Claims (2)

PATENT Attorneys 'J. "JI' J. '" ..' G RAM KOW, MAN ITZV FIN STE RWALD 7 STUTTGART SO (BAD CAN NSTATT) SEELBERGSTRASSE 23 / 2S Ru 135a 2/3 January 12, 1978 Claims 1. Agricultural tillage implement with several behind or / and next to one another on an equipment rack movably arranged, yielding in the case of ground obstacles, about a compensating linkage device such interconnected tines or similar furrow through the ground Working tools that when one of the working tools gives way as a result of a ground obstacle, another Working tool is adjusted in the opposite direction, characterized by the following features individually or in association with each other: a) The balance linkage device connects a group of at least three work tools, but preferably all work tools (28,29,30; 128) of the device through the compensating linkage device with each other, see above that if one of the work tools gives way, all other work tools of the group or all other work tools altogether have an opposing compensatory compensation DlPL. -ING, W. GRAMKOW DR. C. MAN ITZ DIPL.-ING. M. FI NSTERWALD STUT OART 5O (BAD CANNSTATT) 8 MUNICH 2 2nd ROBERT-KOCH-STRaSSE I SEELBERGSTR. 23/25. TEL. <071tl 56 72 61 TEL. (089) 22 42 II. TELEX 05-29672 PATMF 7626707 10/05/78 know oh movement. b) The compensating linkage device is designed as a hydraulic pressure medium linkage. 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the working tools (28,29, j50j 128) about an upper transverse pivot axis (χ ,, χ ^ Χ—; 152; 162/163), which with a uniform position of the working tools in or - preferably - in front of the vertical transverse plane of the device containing the area of application of the working tools (28, 29, 30; 128) on the ground, pivotably mounted on the device support (20; transverse support 15 ^ 0). J). Device according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the individual working tool (28, 29, 30) is provided with a lever arm (32) by which it is supported against the compensation system by means of a support member which absorbs the deflection of the working tool. 4. Apparatus according to claim 3 * characterized in that the Support member of the piston (3 ^) or the cylinder (33) of a between the - preferably upwards-directed - lever arm (32) and the equipment carrier (20) Cylinder-piston unit (33 * 3 ^) is. 5. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that that with working tools arranged offset in the transverse direction in parallel longitudinal vertical planes 7626707 10/05/78 (28-29,50) which are arranged in track levels (Sp) of the tractor work tools (e.g. 29) are deeper than those between | The work tools (e.g. 28, ^ 0) located in them are arranged i net (Fig. 8). 6. Device according to e ^ eni of claims 1 to 5, characterized marked; draws that the work tools (28,39,30; 128) in the Height are adjustable. 7. Agricultural equipment with tines or similar furrowing through the ground when there are obstacles in the ground Working tools, in particular according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that on the rear of the working tools (28,29,30,128) hinged coulter blades (144) pointing backwards in the area of the soil engagement are. 8. Apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that several Coulter blades (44) are hinged one above the other on the individual work tool (28,29,30). 9. Apparatus according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that that the working tools (28,29,30) with holes (43) arranged one above the other for optionally attaching a or several coulter blades (44) by means of pivot pins (46) attached to them at different heights are. 7626707 10/05/78 ( i ". t • · ···. β ο e 10. Device according to one of claims 7 to 9j, characterized in that that the - preferably approximately V-shaped, essentially flat - horizontal, optionally one or a pair of angled blades (48) having coulter blades (44,144) with approximately in the direction of travel of the device vertically standing webs (49) are provided. 11. Apparatus according to claim 10, characterized in that on each leg (47) of the approximately V-shaped coulter blade (44) several webs (49) arranged next to one another and staggered one behind the other are provided. 12. Device according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized indicates that the work tool (128) by a at Yield with it moveable support wheel (155) on the ground is supported (Fig. 9,10). 13. Device according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that that the working tool (128) is supported on a longitudinal bearing arm (15Ο), the transverse pivot axis of which (152) has a floor level that is less than its horizontal longitudinal distance from the work area of the working tool (128). 14. Device according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that that the working tool (128) is 7626707 10/05/78 IV ft I ■ ■> · · t t «4 · * · * 4 · I · I · I · ■ »« »Ti 1 ** 1 ·· OO • • I ■ ·· · β ft downward yielding quadrilateral, in particular joint parallelogram, is hinged to the device carrier. 15. Device according to one of claims 3 to 12, characterized in that that the joint (36), through which the support member (34) is articulated on the equipment carrier (20), before a Ver-1 straight lines or their extension, which the f tip (31a) of the tine (31) of the individual working I tool (28,29,30) with the upper transverse pivot axis (x., I Xp, X ^,) of the working tool, in side view of the I guessed it, prevented it. 7626707 10/05/78