DE7508887U - SOLAR PANEL - Google Patents

Description

Zi. April 1376 σ / Js ¹ ^

3ch 149

Professor Dr, -Ing. Günt.r ochöll
CH-660 Locarno-Fiurf.lto, Via Orselina 9 Gondominio Collina. Muralt ο (Jchwsiz)

Solar collector

The present statement relates to a solar collector, of at least one of a "ί / poor receiving and Mieder emitting xedium flowed through a pipe as well as an or several, connected to this pipe in a conduction-conducting manner, the radiant heat the sun-absorbing ribs made of sheet metal.

A solar collector is to be understood as a device by means of which the incident through the radiation of the sun Heat to a heat exchange medium that is in a liquid, vapor or gaseous state, is transmitted.

In a known construction of such solar collectors are used to absorb the radiant heat given off by the sun Metal sheets are used, which are made of a material that conducts heat particularly well, such as copper,

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and whose surfaces facing the sun are blackened. These metal sheets are heat-conductive soldered to tubes through which the heat exchange medium flows, the heat absorbed by these metal sheets then being passed on to the heat exchange medium via the wall of the tubes. This type of solar collector fulfills all the requirements placed on it in an almost ideal way, as, based on the V / arm transfer surface of the pipes, the heat flow of about 400 kcal / m 'xh um due to the solar radiation impinging on the surface of the heat-conducting sheets 5 to 10 times the aforementioned fourth is compressed. On the other hand, are to be used heat exchange means either as a result of high flow velocity in the pipe or due to change of state, ie the transition from a liquid to a vaporous state, is capable kcal at a very low Tempe rat urge falls .. ^r ärmeflüsse in the order of 3000 to 4000 / m xh to record. Such solar collectors also have an extremely low heat capacity, so that the entire solar collector including the heat exchange medium located in the pipes is ^{heated to its working temperature of 100 °} C., for example, in a very short time. As advantageous as such solar collectors are, the manufacturing costs involved in their manufacture are s;> high, because? so far a practical

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establish

The task of the present? The invention is a solar collector of the type in question, which can be produced at particularly low costs and yet a sufficiently good heat-conducting connection between de *: the sips that absorb the heat of the sun and the vnn dem ■ "" irmeaustaMschmiltel has a pipe through which it flows.

This object is achieved according to the invention in that the Ribs, v; how this is already known in connection with the construction of ceiling reeds, each one in the longitudinal axis The channel running around the pipe concerned, serving to support it and adapted to the outer pipe diameter have, in which case the arched between the outer jacket of the tube and the opposite inner surface of the Gutter existing space with asphalt, tar or another organic or inorganic substance similar 7 / thermal conductivity, viscosity and melting temperature is filled out. The use of asphalt, tar, or similar substance to fill in the space between the pipe and The gap between the channel is so special Significance than when the lips connected to the pipe in question are heated, the tar or a similar one Substance doughy wiz'd so that the pipe with its the Groove facing outer surface to lie in the asphalt

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comes and thus an intensive over this entire contact surface heat-conducting connection between rib and tube guaranteed is. This thermally conductive connection is also always given when the rib is heated as a result of heating or also undergoes a change in length as a result of cooling with respect to the pipe.

The tubes and the associated ribs, for example, consist of materials that have different coefficients of expansion have, it is useful if a plurality of ribs on the tube in its longitudinal direction are arranged one behind the other and between the opposite edges of two adjacent ribs, respectively an intermediate space is provided which has a different expansion of the cardboard compared to the relevant Pipe allows. With this measure it is possible, for example, that the steel pipes that absorb heat Serving ribs are made of aluminum, although the coefficient of expansion of aluminum is about twice as large as that of steel.

; ±: Λ, however, preferably a continuous cardboard, the pulling nr.hezu Mber extends the entire length of the respective tube, £ 0, there is in this case to compensate for the different expansion lengths of advantage if this continuous rib at spaced intervals transverse to the tube axis beads having who are able to work in the area

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of the individual ribs / sections occurring different To compensate for elongation. In this context, the inner bead parts surrounding the pipe to the outside and the parts adjoining these corrugations on both sides, in the "on both sides of the v / oiled Rinne "located rib fins incorporated straight outer bead parts in the same direction or also be curved in the opposite direction. The transition "from the bead parts enclosing the R.ohr to the straight bead parts can be technically manufactured with larger sheet metal thicknesses easier if punched-outs are provided in the area of these bead transitions.

On the one hand, the assembly of the ribs on the associated Pipe and on the other hand a good .Anlage of the ribs on the To ensure outer pipe jacket, it is also advantageous if the wrap angle of the arched Groove of each rib is more than 180 °, for example about 210 ° to 240 °, that when the pipe is inserted The edges of the grooves spread apart in the ribs, as a result of the elastic resilience of the rib material back to its original position return and thus under pressure on your outer jacket of the pipe.

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The cost of materials for the numerous required Ribs can also be reduced to a minimum in that the cross-section of the rib wings is opposite whose outer edges and the cross-section of the channel tapers towards the bottom. Piping · Tapering the gutter wall thickness at the same time also results in a greater elasticity of the channel and thus also leads to a "better" Clamping effect of the rib at a wrap angle that is greater than 180 °.

In the construction of such solar collector systems, a large number ^{1 of} the pipes equipped with the said ribs are laid next to one another in rows and connected to one another on both sides by collecting pipes. A particularly simple and secure connection is characterized according to the invention in that the ends on both sides of all parallel pipes protrude into the interior of the manifold through bores machined into the manifold and having a larger diameter than the pipe ends, v: obei then the seal by means of the ends of the finned tubes pushed on, made of an elastic material, in particular so-called elastomers, existing neck or hose-like intermediate pieces is effected, the outer diameter of which is so larger than the inner diameter of the bores in the collecting tubes that the intermediate pieces after being inserted into them assigned

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Boreholes in the area of the edge receive a sealing constriction.

Thus, where appropriate, each of the equipped with the finned tubes completely independent of d: ι Ge samtrohrsy stem can be removed from them and reintroduced, it is still advantageous if the ratio of the outside diameter of the assembled with the ribs Pohre to the respective pipe length about 1 : 250 is. A tube with such dimensions is so slim that when it is raised in the middle, its chord length is shortened so much that its two free ends emerge from the two collecting tubes without the one between the two Header pipes existing distance would have to be increased.

Further details of the invention are as follows Description of several different exemplary embodiments shown in the drawing refer to.

2s show:

Pig. 1 shows the section of a first embodiment; Pig. Fig. 2 is a plan view of this first embodiment in the direction of arrow A;

-8th-

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Pig. 3 one of the pig. 1 corresponding representation f

a second embodiment; I.

Pig. 4 shows a section along the line IV-IV before the |

I Insertion of the pipe into the continuous |;

ϊ rib groove j I

\ Pig. 5 an equipped with several finned tubes |

Solar collector system and \

Pig. 6 and 7 j

a section of the connection between a j

j finned tube and a collecting tube.

The one in the Pig. 1 and 2 shown in section, on the
Surface of a solid base 1 seated solar collector is designed as a finned tube 2 and consists of
Core made of a steel tube 3> its outer diameter with
D is designated. On this steel pipe 3 are in rows
one behind the other with 4 designated ribs wä.rmeleitend
arranged, which itself also consists of a well heat-conducting egg
Material, such as aluminum, exist and
whose surfaces 5 are blackened to absorb the heat of the sun's rays.

The use of such a Sta ~ ohres 3 is both
both in terms of its price and its strength
particularly economical. Beyond that, however, has a

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such steel pipe 3 when using a weak alkalized heat exchange agent also has a favorable corrosion behavior. As a material for the? .Ipp on the other hand, 'aluminum is provided insofar as this'' material, in terms of its conductivity as well as also at its price, it is considerably cheaper than all other currently known materials.

Each of the said ribs 4 has a bearing that runs in the longitudinal axis of the steel tube 3 serving the same and adapted to the pipe outer diameter D, arched against the base 1 continuous Channel 6, to which the two rib wings designated 7 and 8 connect. These rib wings 7 and are inclined in relation to the horizontal in such a way that their outer edges 9 also rest on the base 1 sit on, the connecting line of these two outer edges 9 then a singing duck to the outer jacket 10 of the Form channel 6.

TTm now achieves maximum discharge with the smallest of materials to bring the heat absorbed by the rib wings 7 and 8 to the channel 6 and to the steel tube 3, the rib wings 7 and 8 have a wedge-shaped cross section, which extends from the inner edges 11 to the

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Outer edges 9 tapered in a wedge shape. For the same reason, the cross section of the channel 6 is also reduced by the two upper edges 12 out to the channel bottom 13 with which the channel 6 rests on the base 1.

How on from the Pig. 1 can be seen, the between the inner jacket 14 of the channel 6 and the outer jacket 15 of the Steel pipe 3 existing space with a thin, consisting of asphalt layer 16 filled.

The filling of this space with asphalt takes place in such a way that either the steel pipe 3 or else the channel 6 or both receive a thin coating of asphalt and after inserting the steel pipe 3 in the Channel 6 due to the action of the sun's heat, these asphalt coatings change into a doughy state and when they melt together bring about a safe and good thermally conductive connection between the steel pipe 3 and the channel 6.

With a layer thickness of the asphalt cover of, for example only 0.3 mm and a heat flow through this asphalt layer 16 in an order of magnitude of about 4000 kcal / m × h results in the asphalt layer 16 itself due to the flow of heat only a temperature gradient of about 2 ° G. As a result of the Heating effect of the channel 6 and the weight of the

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et rhi rohrer r ΐεΐ in the Prr.xic the distance between the Trmenmentel 14 of the channel 6 and the outer jacket 15 of the Steel tube 3, however, as a rule smaller than 0.3 mm, so that there are even lower temperature losses in the Iraxis result that are less than 1 ° C.

Another advantage of using the i.s $ stop as a warm "conduct"! An intermediate layer 16 also consists in the fact that the asphalt also has small shifts due to its viscosity when the solar collector is in operation the ribs 4 with respect to the steel tube 3 allows. This possibility of moving the tilting 4 with respect to the Steel tube 3 is of particular importance, however, as the temperature expansion of the aluminum Ribs 4 et v / a is twice as high as the c "es steel tube 3, which, in the case of a rigid connection between the ribs 4 and the steel tube 3, will result in bending and thus destruction of the finned tube 1 would result.

In order to absorb this greater temperature expansion of the ribs 4 to be able to, are between the one behind the other on the Ctahlrohr 3 ribs 4 each designated with 1 Γ Gaps provided, the distance a of which at a Sr-

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warming of the ribs 4 decreases, comparable back to the original level at a cool down IVAG ^x \ the same but '·

Λ larger. j

Of course, it is also possible, instead of the steel _u \

tubes 3 made of a different material, such as y

wise copper, aluminum, zinc or even silicate glass and
Use plastic. As a result of the previously mentioned both thermally conductive and plsstischen;

Connection between the tube 1 and the ribs 4 is it
possible to choose the most favorable Vferkstoffpaarung in each case.

The following Figures 3 and 4 show a further embodiment:

Approximate shape of the finned tube 2 according to the invention, in which; also made of aluminum, instead of individual ribs 4 \

one extending continuously over the entire length of the steel '<

tubes2 3 extending, also made of aluminum ',

Tap 18 is provided, one in the same way;

the storage of the steel pipe 5 serving channel 19 has. '■ In this embodiment, the channel

wanäung 20, however, via a Umschlingungsv; in!: el cL · from J about C40 °, whereby, as in the first embodiment, the
between the gutter 19 and the Stahli-ohi. ¹ located
Space in the same way with one made of asphalt

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"consist _. · Layer 16 is filled in. Now the steel pipe 3 is often inserted into the senses 19, as a result of this larger angle of wrap oL / die with 21 designated Einneiikanten apart and sweep as soon as the steel tube 3 lies snugly in the hip 19, due to its elasticity again in its position in the Mg. 3 straightened position back, where they are now under peder pressure on the outer jacket 15 of the steel pipe 3 are in contact.

Now in this! Pail, too, the greater one already treated above ! Thermal expansion of the continuous aluminum rib 18 to be bleached out, corrugations 22 directed transversely to the longitudinal axis of the channel 19 are incorporated in this at intervals from one another, where the bead part surrounding the? J.nne 19 23 downwards and the two bead parts 24 located in the area of the rib wings 7 and S are directed upwards are. In order to avoid difficulties when deforming these bead parts 25 and 24 in the overlapping area 25, it is expedient if not particularly in the material of the rib 18 in this intersection area 25 The cut-outs are made.

The following applies. 5 shows one with several cardboard tubes equipped solar collector system, in which the finned tubes 2 in a row next to each other in one of one

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heat-insulating Yterkstoff "existing box 26 introduced and through one that lets the sun's rays through, made of silicate glass or plastic "plate 27 covered is. Under this plate 27 a zigzag folded transparent polie 28 is arranged, which a reflection of the heat radiated from the finned tubes 2 against the celestial vault is reduced. Furthermore are the mutually parallel steel pipes 3 on the front side by means of the following in the Pig. 6 and 7 shown Collecting pipes 29 connected to one another, via which the heat exchange medium is supplied and discharged.

In this embodiment, those in the Pig. 1 and 2 shown partial ribs 4 are provided, so these se kidney clit to the steel tubes 3 in rows next to each other arranged partial ribs 4 also to a single teaching rib be summarized, v / o merge directly into one another at the respective rib edges.

In the pig. 6, on the one hand, the free end 50 of one of the steel pipes 3 and, on the other hand, one of the previously mentioned header pipes 29 is shown in cross section. In this collecting pipe 29 a number of bores 31 corresponding to the number of ribbed pipes Z. are machined, the diameter B of which is greater than the diameter D of the steel pipes 3

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are connected, it is previously described in Jig. 6 left As shown, a hose piece 32 made of an elastic material is pushed onto the pipe end 30 and then the pipe end 30 together with this hose piece 32 so; eit in the direction de ^. Arrow 33 in the associated bore 31 of the collecting pipe 29 is inserted until the pipe end 3 ~ in the in the 3? ig. 7 shown Veise abuts the inner jacket 35 of the collector tube 29 with its obliquely cut edge 34. When introducing of the P-ear end 30, however, is the hose connector: 32 been held by the edge of the bore 31, in the area of this edge of the bore 31 in the Lu3envandung of the hose piece 32 has a constriction designated by 36 has been formed. As a result of squeezing together of the hose material in the area of this Einichn'-ii / unij 36 there will be an exact confession between the Pipe end 30 and the collecting pipe 29 brought about, which can be easily solved at any time, if the pipe end 30 against the direction of the arrow 33 from the .- "• Λύε! - ear Γ /? Pulled out \ .ii \".

with the otchl-ohr 3 <3ae 7erh "- ^: ltnis the diameter * ¹ Rohvl'lncs P ^ v Ί: Γ.SC, no need sun Locen of the opening Zti hl ιό h rc c 7 cpcrelbe only ir. the putty

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to be raised to such an extent that, as a result of the shortening of the chord length caused by this, the two-sided Pipe ends 30 from the two opposite one another Headers 29 emerge without any displacement of these two headers 29 relative to the rest Pipe system is not complete.

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Claims (1)

t 1 I i I - 17 - April 27, 1976 protection claims 1. Solar collector, "consisting of at least one tube through which a heat absorbing and releasing medium flows, as well as one or more ribs that are thermally connected to this tube, absorb the radiant heat of the sun and are made of sheet metal, characterized in that the ribs. ( 4, 18) each ϊδ ... .ch known way have a channel (6) which runs in the longitudinal axis of the tube (3), serves to support the same (3) and is adapted to the outer tube diameter (D), in which case the between the outer jacket (10) of the pipe (3) and the opposite inner surface (14) of the arched channel (6) existing space (16) filled with asphalt, tar or another organic or inorganic substance with similar conductivity, viscosity and melting temperature is. 2. Solar collector according to claim 1, characterized in that on the tube (3) in its longitudinal direction a plurality of ribs (4) are arranged one behind the other and each between the opposing Ilanten of zv ei adjacent ribs (4) a gap (17) is provided. 7508887 item 08.76 - 18 - 27.4.1976 3. Solar collector according to claim 1, characterized in that on the tube (3) in each case a continuous rib (18) is arranged, which extends over almost the entire Extends pipe length and transversely to the pipe axis directed, spaced apart beads (22). 4. Solar collector according to claim 3, characterized in that the dia tube (3) enclosing bead parts (23) to the outside and those on both sides of these bead parts (23) adjoining, in both sides of the bulged Groove (6) located rib wing (7,8) incorporated straight bead parts (24) are curved in the same direction or in opposite directions. 5. Solar collector nc.ch claim i \, characterized in that the Sickeiiubergäiige Ausstanztjlngen are incorporated in the area (2 ^). 6. Solar collector according to one or more of the claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the Umschlingungsv.lnkel (^) of the convex groove (6) more than 18.0 ° amounts to. 7. solar collector according to claim 6, characterized in that that the wrap angle (ob) is about 210 ° to 240 ° enters. 7508887 08/12/76 - 19 - 27 * 4.1976 3. Solar collector according to one or more of the claims 1 "to 7. characterized in that the cross section of the rib wing (7> 8) against their Outer edges (9) and the cross section of the channel (6) tapers towards the channel bottom (13). 9. Solar collector according to claim 1, characterized in that the pipes (3) are assigned header pipes (29) and the indene (30) of the pipes (3) on both sides by means of the Sejmnelrohren (29), a larger diameter ( B) protrude as the pipe ends (30) having bores (31) in the tube interior, wherein the sealing means deferred to the tube ends (30) of an elastic material, in particular of so-called elastomers existing sleeve- od.er schlaucharti _s -er intermediate pieces (32) is effected, the outer diameter of which is so larger than the diameter (B) of the bores (31) that the intermediate pieces (32) after being inserted into the bores (31) assigned to them, in the area of their edge, form a sealing constriction (36 ) receive. 10. Solar collector according to claim 9, characterized in that 6.a3 is the ratio of the outside diameter (D) of the pipes (3) is about 1: 250 for the respective ear length. 7508887 08/12/78