DE7340204U - Ship's hull, especially for high-speed motor ships - Google Patents

Description

PATENT LAWYERS

H. LEINWEBER cipl.ing. H, CARPENTER

. A. Gf. v. WENGERSKY ^{1 y}

C Munich 2, Rosental 7, 2 a _U i _b

Tel.-Adr. Lelnpat Munich phone (089) 260 3989

Postal check account: Munich 220 45-804

₉ November 19Yj

UnserZelch.n

HANiJIBAL A. ARTEMIS & Cie Ltd, GLYFADA - ATHENS - Greece

Hull

The innovation relates to a ship's hull, especially for motor ships that develop high speeds and the front part of which is designed in such a way that it drifts up from a certain speed, and which have a keel, the highest part of which is at the front end of the hull, with the center of gravity of the hull in the rear Half lies.

The known ships of this type are entirely hydrodynamic Points of view and have the disadvantage that if the ship is about 4 ° (i.e. by the usually used Optimalwinkel) drives up and develops high speeds on a moving sea, they lose all stability and are difficult to steer.

Such ships are also exposed to very large impacts and can then only be smaller under the same conditions Develop speeds. On the other hand, they put too large a friction surface against the water, which means their speed is slowed down considerably.

The task of the innovation is to achieve such a ship with which these disadvantages of the known ships are compensated can be.

According to the innovation, the keel consists of the ship ^ - deck-connecting hull part made of surfaces connecting the corresponding keel edges and a trapezoidal reference surface, which is inclined by 3.5 to 5 ° in relation to the horizontal and its highest part is located at the level of the keel front end where the height of the trapezoidal area corresponds to the length of the fuselage and the large base of this area is smaller as this height, the longitudinal axis of the trapezoidal surface lies in the vertical plane of the longitudinal axis of the hull, the large base of the reference surface is 3/4 (+ 6 $) of the keel length and the small base is equal to 2/5 (+ 6 $) this length and the keel is V-shaped gene cross-section, the angle between the two; Legs of the "V" at the level of the widest keel section ι is approximately 138 ° and the width of the widest keel section is approximately 1/3 the length of the hull.

In this way a body is obtained, its various Faces face the same orientation as the sloped reference surface. The advantageous aerodynamic behavior of a inclined plane for obtaining buoyancy is known. The aerodynamic thrust i.e. the sum of the different Pressure forces acting on points of the hull surface therefore cause the ship to rise in relation to the water surface

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Since the ship is drifting up by approx. 4 ° according to the innovation, the hull areas have an average in the direction of movement Orientation of approx. 7.5 to 9 ° and you get maximum lift. Practical experience has shown that the ship carried by the thrust, according to the innovation, has higher speeds under very different conditions can develop without affecting the stability. Rather, it is more agile and smaller Exposed to impacts than the known ships.

According to a preferred embodiment of the innovation ¹ , the reference surface is inclined by 4 ° with respect to the horizontal.

The particularly advantageous relationships between the dimensions of the ship's hull according to the innovation were given by a number determined by practical tests.

According to the innovation, the difference in height between the highest and the lowest part of the keel corresponds about 1/5 of the keel length.

In addition, according to the innovation, the rear half of the keel is horizontal and has a constant opening angle; · The front half of the keel is strongly curved upwards and has a progressively decreasing opening angle towards the front.

It has been found that at high speed there is a risk of the wind moving between the surface of the water and the rear of the hull. To eliminate this disadvantage, the rear one is Part of the reference surface, which corresponds approximately to the third part of its length, by approx. 2 ° with respect to the original Reference area raised.

Further advantages, details and features of the innovation can be found in the following description. on the drawing iüt shows the innovation, for example namely show:

Fig. 1 is a schematic side view of a ship according to the innovation,

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the determining the shape of the hull of the ship according to the innovation Reference area,

Fig.;) A section uei line III-III of FIG for verifying the rear part of the keel of the ship according to the innovation,

4a is a very schematic perspective view of the reed according to the invention from the stern here recehen and in the direction of view of the line a-a of FIG. 2, and

4b, 4c and 4dl views according to FIG. 4a at line b-b, c-c and d-a of FIG. 2, respectively.

The hull of the ship shown in accordance with the new- \ tion is intended for ships requiring high speeds \ develop, for example, more than 40 km / h. and the center of gravity is in the rear hall of the length of the fuselage. Such ships must drift rapidly and over the greater part of the hull length in order to reduce the friction on the water, which considerably reduces the acceleration and maneuverability of the ship.

Fig.1 shows a ship's hull 1 with a certain Length 1, which is the reference for determining the other dimensions of the trunk. The hull has a keel 2 with known training, the advantageous hydrodynamic

has mixed properties. According to the preferred embodiment shown here, the keel 2 has a V-shaped cross section (FIG. 2) and the angle cC between the two keel legs is approximately 138 ° in the widest part of the keel. The rear part 2 'of the keel, which extends practically half the length 1, is straight and horizontal, while the front part 2 "of the keel is increasingly curved from the center P upwards towards the center of the hull and meets the center P1 of the bow of the sump. The angle between the two legs of the keel also decreases continuously from point P. In the widest part of the fuselage, which in this case lies at the stern of the fuselage (FIG. 4a), the keel width d is approximately 1/3 of the length 1. From this From point off, the width d decreases continuously up to point P1, at which the edges of the two keel legs unite at this point P1. The curvature of the keel section 2 "and the development of the width d in the various parts of the hull length are mostly in a known manner empirically determined to the effect that advantageous hydrodynamic properties are obtained when the keel at reduced speeds of movement of the ship over a large part of the Length dips. !

The part of the hull connecting the keel 2 to the ship's deck is, according to the innovation, determined by a reference surface 3. In the embodiment shown, the reference surface 3 forms the deck of the ship. According to the invention, the reference surface 3 is inclined relative to the horizontal H by an angle β which is 3.5 to 5 °, preferably 4 °. The highest point of the reference plane is at the level P ¹ on the bow. As can be seen in FIGS. 2 and 4, the reference surface 3 has a substantially trapezoidal configuration.

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The height h of the trapezoid ABCD is equal to the length 1 of the trunk and the longitudinal axis of the trapezoid lies in the longitudinal axis of the trunk. The small base AB of the reference surface 3 is on the bow and the large base CD on the stern of the fuselage. In general the height h is greater than the base CD. Practical experience has shown that it is particularly advantageous Results are achievable if the base CD is 0.75 h and the base AB is 0.4 h. The base AB is above the deepest part of the keel 2 in its height h !, which is preferably equal to 1/5 of the length 1 of the hull.

According to the innovation there is the upper part 5 of the torso of areas connecting the edges BC, CD and AD with the corresponding edges P1F, FC, P1E and ED. on in this way an upper part of the fuselage is obtained, the various parts of which have aerodynamic properties, those of an inclined plane when moving very much; are similar. So the bow cuts the one in front of the ship air mass located in a horizontal plane and one obtains an aerodynamic one directed upwards onto the surfaces 5 Buoyancy, so that the fuselage drifts up at a relatively low speed and at full speed Speed receives an inclination of approx. 8 °, whereby its stability is however perfectly preserved. This sta-

the

This is achieved due to the / very advantageous aerodynamic design of part 5 of the fuselage. Farther the air resistance of the fuselage according to the invention is significantly lower than in the case of a fuselage with a conventional structure

It has been found that at high speed the air trapped between the rear part of the hull and the surface of the water has a certain braking effect. According to a preferred embodiment, the rear part y of the reference plane 3 is raised by approx. 2 °,

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so that the air can flow by unhindered.

The hull according to the innovation has in this embodiment form a vertical stern 6. Depending on the type of used Motors, this part can be designed differently. For example, it can have rounded angles like this is shown at 3 "in FIG.

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Claims (5)

1. Hull, especially for motor ships that develop high speeds and whose front part - from a certain speed - drifts up, as well as with a keel, the highest part of which is at the front end of the hull, with the hull having its center of gravity in its rear half , characterized in that the hull part connecting the keel (2) to the ship's deck consists of flat surfaces connecting the corresponding keel edges to one another, and a trapezoidal reference surface (3; ABCD) which is 3.5 to 5 ° in relation to the horizontal ( 4) is inclined, and whose highest portion is located at the level \ (P ¹⁾ to the keel leading end, that the height (h) of trapezoidal j reference area (ABCD) corresponds to the hull length. and the large base of the reference surface is less than this height, that the longitudinal axis of the trapezoidal reference surface lies in the vertical plane of the longitudinal axis of the fuselage, that the large base (CD) of the reference surface is approximately 5/4 (+ 6 $) the length of the keel and the The small base (AB) about (2/5 (+ 6 #) the length of the keel means that the keel (2) has a cross-section in the form of a "V", the angle of which (* ·) at the widest! keel section is about 138 ° , and that the width J of the widest part of the keel is approximately 1/3 the length of the hull 2. Hull according to claim 1, characterized in that the reference surface (3; ABCD) relative to the horizontal (H) is inclined at an angle (ß) of 4 °. 3. Hull according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the height difference (h ¹ ) between the highest and the lowest part of the keel corresponds to approximately 1/5 of the length of the keel. -9- 4 hull according to claim 1, characterized in that that the rear half of the keel (2 ') is horizontal and has a constant opening angle, and that the front half of the keel (2 ") is curved upwards with a strongly increasing curvature and one towards the front has continuously decreasing opening angles. 5. Hull according to claim 1, characterized in that the rear part (3 ') of the reference surface (3), which corresponds to approximately one third of the length of the reference surface in relation to & af the original reference surface is raised by approximately 2 °. 734U204-4.7.74